2021年6月大學(xué)英讠吾四9汲考主式真題(--)

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispa.rt,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaytitled''Arepeoplebecomingaddictedtotechnology?".Thestatement8讠venbelowisforyourreference.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

Numerousstudiesclaimthataddictiontotechnologyisrealandithasthesameeffectonthebrainasdrug

addiction.

PartⅡ

SectionA

ListeningComprehension

(25minutes)

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsremrtandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorresmndingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

1.A)EnrolhiminaNewcastlefootballclub.C)Forbidhimtodrawinhisworkbook.

B)Sendhimtoanafter-schoolartclass.D)Helphimposthisdrawingsonline.

2.A)ContactedJoetodecorateitsdining-room.

B)HiredJoetopaintallthewallsofitsbuildings.

C)Renovateditskitchenandallthedining-rooms.

D)AskedJoeforpermissiontousehisonlinedrawings.

Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

3.A)Getherpetdogback.C)Identifythesuspectonthesecurityvideo.

B)Begforhelpfromthepolice.D)Postpicturesofherpetdogonsocialmedia.

4.A)Itissufferingagreatdealfromtheincident.

B)Itishelpingthepolicewiththeinvestigation.

C)Itisbring主ngthecasetothelocaldistrictcourt.

D)Itisofferingabigrewardtoanyonewhohelps.

Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

5.A)Providefreemealstothelocalpoor.C)Helpeliminateclassdifferenceinhisarea.

B)Helppeopleconnectwitheachother.D)Providecustomerswithfirst-classservice.

6.A)Itdoesnotsuperviseitsemployees.C)Itdoesnotusevolunteers.

B)Itdonatesreg扛larlytoalocalcharity.D)Itisopenroundtheclock.

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7.A)Theywillrealisetheimportanceofcommunication.

B)Theywillcometothecafeevenmorefrequently.

C)Theywillcarelessabouttheirownbackground.

D)Theywillfindtheyhavesomethingincommon.

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce+Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

8.A)AsurprisepartyforPaul’sbirthday.C)PreparationsforSaturday’sget-together.

B)Tra琴elplansforthecomingweekend.D)Thenewmarketontheothersideoftown.

9.A)Itmakesthehostess’sjobawholeloteasier.

B)Itenablesgueststowalkaroundandchatfreely.

C)Itsavesconsiderabletimeandlabor.

D)Itrequiresfewertablesandchairs.

10.A)Itofferssomebigdiscounts.C)Itismorespaciousandlesscrowded.

B)Itisquiteclosetoherhouse.D)Itsellslocalwinesandsoftdrinks.

11.A)Cookadishfortheparty.C)Prepareafewopeningremarks.

B)Arrive10minutesearlier.D)Bringhiscomputerandspeakers.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

12.A)Forcommutingtowork.C)ForgettingaroundinMiami.

B)Forlong灬distancetravel.D)Forconvenienceatweekends.

13.A)Theyarereliable.C)Theyarespacious.

B)Theyarecompact.D)Theyareeasytodrive.

14.A)Buyasecond-handcar.C)Seekadvicefromhisfriend.

旦tTlll{s!herownjudgme〉!lt.D)L-o-o-k--aroun-dbeforedeciding.

15.A)Hesellsnewcars.C)Heisstartingabusiness.

B)Hecanbetrusted.D)Heisasuccessfulcardealer.

SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages,Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce弗Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

16.A)Manyescapedfromfarmsandbecamewild.

B)TheywereactuallynativetoNorthAmerica.

C)Manygotkilledinthewildwhensearchingforfood.

D)TheywerehuntedbySpanishandRussianexplorers.

17.A)Theyoftenmakesuddenattacksonpeople.

B)Theybreakupnature亨sfoodsupplychain.

C)Theycausemuchenvironmentalpollution.

D)Theycarryagreatmanydiseases.

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18.A)Theylivedpeacefullywithwildpigs.C)Theyfellvictimtoeagles.

B)Theyranoutoffoodcompletely.D)Theyreproducedquickly.

Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

19.A)Tastecoffeewhileinouterspace.C)Developanewstrainofcoffeebean.

B)Roastcoffeebeansinouterspace.D)Useapressurisedtanktobrewcoffee.

20.A)Theycaneasilygetburned.C)Theyhavetobeheatedto36D°C.

B)Theyfloataroundintheoven.D)Theyreceiveevenlydistributedheat.

21.A)Theychargedahighpricefortheirspace-roastedcoffeebeans.

B)TheysetupabranchinDubaitomanufacturecoffeeroasters.

C)TheycollaboratedonbuildingthefirstspacC;!coffeemachine.

D)Theyabandonedtheattempttoroastcoffeebeansinspace.

Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

22.A)Itisthebesttimeforsightseeing.C)TheycometocleantheIditarodTrail.

B)Aracepassesthroughitannually.D)Itiswhenthevillagerschooseaqueen.

23.A)Itschildren’sbakingskills.C)Itstastyfruitpies.

B)Itsuniquewinterscenery.D)Itsgreatfoodvariety.

24.A)Thecontestants.C)JanNewtonandherfriends.

B)Theentirevillage.D)PeoplefromthestateofIdaho.

25.A)SheownedarestaurantinIdaho.C)ShewenttoAlaskatocompeteinarace.

.B)Shemarriedherhusbandin1972.D)Shehelpedthevillagetobecomefamous.

Part][ReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

MostanimalsseekshadewhentemperaturesintheSaharaDesertsoarto120degreesFahrenheit.ButfortheSaharansilverant,___1Lfromtheirundergroundnestsintothesun’sbrutalraysto_JJ___forfood,thisistheperfecttimetoseeklunch.In2015theseantswerejoinedinthedesertbyscientistsfromtwoBelgianuniversities,whospentamonthinthe皿heattrackingtheantsanddiggingouttheirnests.Thegoalwassimple,todiscoverhowtheadaptedtothekindofheatthatcan皿meltthebottomofshoes.

BackinBelgium,thescientistslookedattheantsunderanelectronicmicroscopeandfoundthattheir__l!__,triangularhairreflectslightlikeaprism(棱4.t),givingthemametallicreflectionandprotectingthemfromthesun’sawfulheat.WhenPh.D.studentQuentinWillot32thehairfromanantwitha皿knifeandputitunderaheatlamp,itstemperaturejumped.

Theants’methodofstayingcoolis__l!__amonganimals.Couldthisreflectivetypeofhairprotectpeople?Willotsayscompaniesareinterestedin__lLtheseants’methodofheatprotectionforhumanuse,includingeverythingfromhelpingtoprotectthelivesoffirefighterstokeepinghomescoolinsummer.

A)adapting

B)consciouslyC)crawling

D)crowdedE)extreme

F)hunt

G)literally

H)moderate

I)remote

J)removed

K)species

L)specimensM)thick

N)tiny

0)unique

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadamssagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.&chstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneofthemragraphs.Identifythemra8raphfromwhichtheinformationisderived#Youmaychooseamragraphmorethanonce輸&chmragraphismarkedwithaletter4AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2蚩

Thestartofhighschooldoesn'thavetobestressful

A)Thismonth,morethan4millionstudentsacrossthenationwillbeginhighschool.Manywilldowell.

Butmanywillnot.Considerthatnearlytwo-thirdsofstudentswillexperiencethe"ninth-gradeshock,"whichreferstoadramaticdropinastudent'sacademicperformance.Somestudentscopewiththisshockbyavoidingchallenges.Forinstance,theymaydropdifficultcoursework.Othersmayexperienceahopelessnessthatresultsinfailingtheircoreclasses,suchasEnglish,scienceandmath.

B)Thisshouldmatteragreatdealtoparents,teachersandpolicymakers.IBtimatelyitshouldmattertothestudentsthemselvesandsocietyatlarge,becausestudents'experienceoftransitioning(lii./t)totheninthgradecanhavelong-termconsequencesnotonlyforthestudentsthemselvesbutfortheirhomecommunities.Wemaketheseobservationsasresearchpsychologistswhohavestudiedhowschoolsandfamiliescanhelpyoungpeoplethrive.

C)Inthenewglobaleconomy,studentswhofailtofinishtheninthgradewithpassinggrades.incollegepreparatorycourseworkareveryunlikelytograduateontimeandgoontogetjobs.Onestudyhascalculatedthatthelifetimebenefittothelocaleconomyforasingleadditionalstudentwhocompleteshighschoolishalfamilliondollarsormore.Thisisbasedonhigherearningsandavoidedcostsin

healthcare,crime,welfaredependenceandotherthings.

D)Theconsequencesofdoingpoorlyintheninthgradecanimpactmorethanstudents'abilitytofindagoodjob.Itcanalsoimpacttheextenttowhichtheyenjoylife.Studentslosemanyofthefriendstheyturnedtoforsupportwhentheymovefromtheeighthtotheninthgrade.Onestudyofninth-gradestudentsfoundthat50percentoffriendshipsamongninthgraderschangedfromonemonthtothenext,signalingstrikinginstabilityinfriendships.

E)Inaddition,studiesfindthefirstyearofhighschooltypicallyshowsoneofthegreatestincreasesindepressionofanyyearoverthelifespan.Researchersthinkthatoneexplanationisthattiestofriendsarebrokenwhileacademicdemandsarerising.Furthermore,mostadultcasesofclinicaldepressionfirstemergeinadolescence(青$-J.Jl).TheWorldHealthOrganizationreportsthatdepressionhasthegreatestburdenofdiseaseworldwide,intermsofthetotalcostoftreatmentandthelossofproductivity.

F)Givenallthat'sridingonhavingasuccessfulninthgradeexperience,itpaystoexplorewhatcanbedonetomeettheacademic,socialandemotionalchallengesofthetransitiontohighschool.Sofar,ourstudieshaveyieldedonemaininsight:Students'beliefsaboutchange-theirbeliefsaboutwhetherpeoplearestuckonewayforever,orwhetherpeoplecanchangetheirpersonalitiesandabilities-are

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relatedtotheirabilitytocope,succeedacademicallyandmaintaingoodmentalhealth.Pastresearchhascalledthesebeliefs"mindsets(,'思纟f!:t莫式),"witha"fixedmindset"referringtothebeliefthatpeoplecannotchangeanda"growthmindset"referringtothebeliefthatpeoplecanchange.

G)Inonerecentstudy,weexamined360adolescents'beliefsaboutthenatureof"smartness"-thatis,theirfixedmindsetsaboutintelligence.Wethenassessedbiologicalstressresponsesforstudentswhosegradesweredroppingbyexaminingtheirstresshormones(1if爾蒙).Studentswhobelievedthatintelligenceisfixed-thatyouarestuckbeing"notsmart"ifyoustruggleinschool-showedhigherlevelsofstresshormoneswhentheirgradesweredecliningatthebeginningoftheninthgrade.Ifstudentsbelievedthatintelligencecouldimprove-thatistosay,whentheyheldmoreofagrowthmindsetofintelligence-theyshowedlowerlevelsofstresshormoneswhentheirgradesweredeclining.Thiswasanexcitingresultbecauseitshowedthatthebody'sstressresponsesarenotdeterminedsolelybyone'sgrades.Instead,declininggradesonlypredictedworsestresshormonesamongstudentswhobelievedthatworseninggradeswereapermanentandhopelessstateofaffairs。

H)Wealsoinvestigatedthesocialsideofthehighschooltransition.Inthisstudy,insteadofteachingstudentsthattheirsmartnesscanchange,wetaughtthemthattheirsocialstanding-thatis,whethertheyarebulliedorexcludedorleftout-canchangeovertime.Wethenlookedathighschoolstudents'stressresponsestodailysocialdifficulties.Thatis,wetaughtthemagrowthmindsetabouttheirsociallives.Inthisstudy,studentscameintothelaboratoryandwereaskedtogiveapublicspeechinfrontofupper-yearstudents.Thetopicofthespeechwaswhatmakesonepopularinhighschool.Followingthis,studentshadtocompleteadifficultmentalmathtaskinfrontofthesameupper-yearstudents.

I)Experimentresultsshowedthatstudentswhowerenottaughtthatpeoplecanchangeshowedpoorstressresponses.Whenthesestudentsgavethespeech,theirbloodvesselscontractedandtheirheartspumpedlessbloodthroughthebodybothresponsesthatthebodyshowswhenitispreparingfordamageordefeatafteraphysicalthreat.ThentheygaveworsespeechesandmademΘremistakesinmath.Butwhenstudentsweretaughtthatpeoplecanchange,theyhadbetterresponsestostress,inpartbecausetheyfeltliketheyhadtheresourcestodealwiththedemandingsituation.Studentswhogotthegrowthmindsetintervention(f-予?i)showedless。contractedbloodvesselsandtheirheartspumpedmoreblood-bothofwhichcontributedtomoreoxygengettingtothebrain,and,ultimately,betterperformanceonthespeechandmentalmathtasks.

J)Thesefindingsleadtoseveralpossibilitiesthatweareinvestigatingfurther.First,weareworkingtoreplicate(i..11itJ)thesefindingsinmorediverseschoolcommunities.Wewanttoknowinwhichtypesofschoolsandforwhichkindsofstudentsthesegrowthmindsetideashelpyoungpeopleadapttothechallengesofhighschool.Wealsohopetolearnhowteachers,parentsorschoolcounselorscanhelpstudentskeeptheirongoingacademicorsocialdifficultiesinperspective.Wewonderwhatwouldhappenifschoolshelpedtomakebeliefsaboutthepotentialforchangeandimprovementalargerfeatureoftheoverallschoolculture,especiallyforstudentsstartingtheninthgrade.

36.Thenumberofpeopleexperiencingdepressionshowsasharpincreaseinthefirstyearofhighschool.

37.Accordingtoonestudy,students'academicperformanceisnottheonlydecisivefactoroftheirstressresponses.

38.Researcherswouldliketoexplorefurtherhowparentsandschoolscanhelpninthgradersbychangingtheirmindset.

39.Accordingtoonestudy,eachhighschoolgraduatecontributesatleast500,OOOdollarstothelocaleconomy.

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40.Inonestudy,studentsweretoldtheirsocialpositioninschoolisnotunchangeable.

41.Itisreportedthatdepressionresultsinenormouseconomiclossesworldwide.

42.Onestudyshowedthatfriendshipsamongninthgraderswerefarfromstable.

43.Morethanhalfofstudentswillfindtheiracademicperformancedecliningsharplywhentheyentertheninthgrade.

44.Researchersfoundthroughexperimentsthatstudentscouldbetaughttorespondtostressinamorepositiveway.

45.Itisbeneficialtoexplorewaystocopewiththechallengesfacingstudentsenteringhighschool.

SectionC

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.&ehpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Educatorsandbusinessleadershavemoreincommonthanitmayseem.Teacherswanttopreparestudentsforasuccessfulfuture.TechnologycompanieshaveaninterestindevelopingaworkforcewiththeSTEM(science,technology,engineeringandmath)skillsneededtogrowthecompanyandadvancetheindustry.Howcantheyworktogethertoachievethesegoals?Playmaybetheanswer.

FocusingonSTEMskillsisimportant,buttherealityisthatSIBMskillsareenhancedandmorerelevantwhencombinedwithtraditional,hands-oncreativeactivities.Thiscombinationisprovingtobethebestwaytopreparetoday'schildrentobethemakersandbuildersoftomorrow.Thatiswhytechnologycompaniesarepartneringwitheducatorstobringbackgood,old-fashionedplay.

Infactmanyexpertsarguethatthemostimportant21st-centuryskillsaren'trelatedtospecifictechnologiesorsubjectmatter,buttocreativity;skillslikeimagination,problem-findingandproblem-solving,teamwork,optimism,patienceandtheabilitytoexperimentandtakerisks.Theseareskills

-acquired-when-kids-tinker(-i支.fib11?-fu-;f;-};--High4echindustries-such-as-NASA?s-Jet-Propulsion-Laboratory-----havefoundthattheirbestoverallproblemsolversweremastertinkerersintheiryouth.

Therearecognitive(-iA知{JI.;)benefitsofdoingthingsthewaywedidaschildren-buildingsomething,tearingitdown,thenbuildingitupagain.Researchshowsthatgiven15minutesoffreeplay,four-andfive-year-oldswillspendathirdofthistimeengagedinspatial,mathematical,andarchitecturalactivities.Thistypeofplay-especiallywithbuildingblocks-helpschildrendiscoveranddevelopkeyprinciplesinmathandgeometry.

Ifplayandbuildingarecriticalto21st-centuryskilldevelopment,that'sreallygoodnewsfortworeasons:Childrenarebornbuilders,makers,andcreators,sofostering(;J:.g-$f.)21st-centuryskillsmaybeassimpleasgivingkidsroomtoplay,tinkerandtrythingsout,evenastheygrowolder.Secondly,itdoesn'ttake21st-centurytechnologytofoster21st-centuryskills.Thisisespeciallyimportantforunder~resourcedschoolsandcommunities.Takingwhatevermaterialsarehandyandtinkeringwiththemisasimplewaytoengagethoseimportant"maker"skills.Andanyone,anywhere,candoit.

46.Whatdoestheauthorsayabouteducators?

A)Theyseekadvicefromtechnologycompaniestoachieveteachinggoals.

B)Theyhavebeensuccessfulinpreparingtheworkforceforcompanies.

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C)Theyhelpstudentsacquiretheskillsneededfortheirfuturesuccess.

D)Theypartnerwithtechnologycompaniestoenhanceteachingefficiency.

47.Howcaneducatorsbetterdevelopstudents'SIBMskills,accordingtotheauthor?

A)Byblendingthemwithtraditional,stimulatingactivities.

B)Byinvitingbusinessleaderstohelpdesigncurriculums.

C)Byenhancingstudents'abilitytothinkinacriticalway.

D)Byshowingstudentsthebestwaytolearnisthroughplay.

48.Howdochildrenacquiretheskillsneededforthe21stcentury?

A)Byengaginginactivitiesinvolvingspecifictechnologies.

B)Byplayingwiththingstosolveproblemsontheirown.

C)Byfamiliarizingthemselveswithhigh-techgadgets.

D)Bymasteringbasicprinciplesthroughteamwork.

49.Whatcanwedotohelpchildrenlearnthebasicsofmathandgeometry?

A)Stimulatetheirinterestasearlyaspo.ssible.

B)Spendmoretimeplayinggameswiththem.

C)Encouragethemtomakethingswithhands.

D)Allowthemtotinkerfreelywithcalculators.

50.Whatdoestheauthoradvisedisadvantagedschoolsandcommunitiestodo?

A)Trainstudentstobemakerstomeetfuturemarketdemands.

B)Developstudents'creativeskillswiththeresourcesavailable.

C)Engagestudentswithchallengingtaskstofostertheircreativity.

D)Worktogetherwithcompaniestoimprovetheirteachingfacilities.

PassageTwo

Questions51toSSarebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Beinganinformationtechnology,orIT,workerisnotajobIenvy.Theyaretheoneswho,rightinthemiddleofacriticalmeeting,areexpectedtoinstantlyfixtheprojectorthat'snolongerworking.Theyhavetotoleratethebadtempersofcolleaguesfrustratedatthenumberoftimesthey'vehadtocallthehelpdeskforthesameissue.Theyarealsotheoneswhoknowtherearesystemsthataremorepowerful,reliableandfaster,buttheiremployersimplywillnotputupthefundstobuythem.

Accordingtoarecentsurvey,employeeswhohaveajobreliantonITsupportconsiderITamajorsourceofjobdissatisfaction.Throughnofaultoftheirown,theycansuddenlyfindtheirproductivitydeterioratingorqualitycontrolnon-existent.Andthere'slittletheycandoaboutit.

TheexperienceofusingITpenetratesalmosttheentireworkfield.Ithasbecomeacrucialpartofemployees'overallworkexperience.WhenITisoperatingasitshould,employeeself-confidenceswells.Theirjobsatisfaction,too,cansurgewhenwell-functioningmachinesrelievethemofdulltasksorrepetitiveprocesses.Butifthere'sonethingthattriggerswidespreademployeefrustration,it'sanITtransformationprojectgonewrong,whereswollenexpectationshavebeenpoppedandalonglistofpromisedefficiencieshavebeenreversed.ThisoccurswhenbusinessleadersimplementITinitiativeswithlittleconsiderationofhowthosechangeswillimpacttheendus