主題詞塊積累主題佳句背誦1.rescueteam營救組2.encounterahurricane/typhoon/flood遭遇颶風/臺風/洪水3.droughtresistance抗旱能力，耐旱性4.beburiedbyalandslide被山體滑坡掩埋5.thevolcanoineruption爆發(fā)中的火山6.findshelterfromsnowstorm/sandstorm避開暴風雪/沙塵暴7.relyonhisexperiencetopullhimselfthrough依靠他的經驗熬過了難關8.earthquakevictims地震災民9.theextremelackofwater，foodandelectricity極度缺水、食物和電10.returntonormal恢復正常11.crashintoabigtree撞上一棵大樹12.thesufferingsofthepeopleinthedisaster-strickenarea災區(qū)人民所受的苦13.practicesurvivalskills練習求生技能14.escapefromdanger逃離危險15.wipeoutthewholevillage把整座村莊夷為平地16.inurgentneedof迫切需要1.Sofar，theearthquakehaskilledabout100peopleandhasleftabout30injured.到目前為止，地震已造成大約100人遇難，30人受傷。2.Lastweekseverehazeoccurredinmyhometown，makingittoodarktoseeanything.上周，我的家鄉(xiāng)出現(xiàn)了嚴重霧霾，使得天暗得看不見任何東西。3.Thesnowstormdestroyedpowerfacilitiesandsomehouses，cuttingoffpowersuppliesinmanyareasandmakingmanypeoplehomeless.暴風雪破壞了電力設施和一些房屋，許多地方的電力供應被中斷，許多人無家可歸。4.Stayindoorsandputonthefacemaskifyoumustgoout.待在室內，如果非要出去就戴上口罩。5.Morepeoplewouldhavedrownediftherescueteamhadnotcometimely.如果救援隊沒有及時趕來，可能會有更多的人被淹死。單元基礎默寫Ⅰ.核心詞匯1．sufferadisaster遭受災難2．slidedownthegrassyslope從草坡上滑了下來3．rescuethedrowningman營救溺水的男子4．volcaniceruption火山噴發(fā)5．causeseriousdamagetothecountry'seconomy對國家的經濟造成嚴重破壞6．destroytheenvironment破壞環(huán)境7．sparenoeffort不遺余力8．aroughshelterfromoldpiecesofwood用舊木條搭的簡陋的窩棚9．walkintotrap走入陷阱10．beburiedinabook埋頭讀書11．awomanofgreatwisdom才女12．contextdependent上下文相關13．sufferhugelosses遭受巨額虧損14．watersupply水供應15．tapmeontheshoulder拍我的肩膀16．incaseof(an)emergency緊急情況下17．keepcalm保持鎮(zhèn)靜18．wavegoodbyetome揮手向我告別19．strikehisheadontheedgeofthetable他的頭碰在桌棱上20．causeandeffect因果關系Ⅱ.變形詞匯1．dryadj.干的；口渴的v．變干，弄干→droughtn．旱災；久旱2.dievi.去世；死亡→deadadj.無生命的；呆板的→deathn．死；死亡3．delivervt.&vi.遞送；傳達vt.發(fā)表→deliveryn．交付；分娩；遞送4．suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等)受苦→sufferingn．折磨；苦難；pl.痛苦5．survivevi.存活；生存vt.幸存；艱難度過→survivaln．幸存→survivorn．幸存者6．effectn．結果；效果；影響→effectiveadj.有效的；有影響的→affectvt.影響7．breathlessadj.氣喘吁吁的；屏息的→breathev．呼吸→breathn．呼吸8．lengthn．長度；長→lengthenv．加長→longadj.長的Ⅲ.閱讀詞匯檢測時遮住右側的漢語，在□中標記不會的詞匯1．□tornadon．龍卷風；旋風2．□landsliden．(landfall)(山地或懸崖的)崩塌；滑坡3．□tsunamin．海嘯4．□magnituden．(地)震級；重大5．□evacuatevt.疏散；撤出vi.撤離6．□helicoptern．直升機7．□crackn．裂紋；裂縫vi.&vt.(使)破裂8．□percentn．百分之……adj.&adv.每一百中9．□brickn．磚；磚塊10．□metaln．金屬11．□electricityn．電；電能12．□revivevt.&vi.復活；(使)蘇醒13．□revivaln．振興；復蘇14．□volcanon．火山15．□eruptvi.&vt.(火山)爆發(fā)；(巖漿、煙等)噴出16．□typhoonn．臺風17．□hurricanen．(尤指西大西洋的)颶風18．□powern．電力供應；能量；力量；控制力19．□pipen．管子；管道20．□whistlevi.吹口哨；發(fā)出笛聲vt.吹口哨n．哨子(聲)；呼嘯聲21．□aidn．援助；幫助；救援物資vi.&vt.(formal)幫助；援助22．□kitn．成套工具；成套設備Ⅳ.拓展詞匯1．自然災害①famine饑荒②mudslide泥石流③sandstorm沙塵暴④earthquake地震⑤wildfire森林大火⑥snowstorm暴風雪⑦avalanche雪崩⑧hail冰雹2．“-ed/-ing”形容詞集錦①amazing令人驚奇的amazed吃驚的，驚奇的②disappointing令人失望的disappointed感到失望的③frightening令人恐懼的frightened受驚的④shocking令人震驚的shocked感到震驚的⑤surprising令人吃驚的surprised感到吃驚的⑥terrifying令人害怕的terrified感到害怕的Ⅴ.重點短語1．behaveas_ifnothinghashappened表現(xiàn)得若無其事2．leavetheareain_ruins使這個地區(qū)滿目瘡痍3．lookatmein_shock吃驚地看著我4．in_summary總的來說5．first_aidkit急救箱6．workoutin_the_open_air露天鍛煉7．havenocashon_hand手頭沒有現(xiàn)金8．sweepswimmersawaywithoutwarning毫無預兆地把游泳者沖走Ⅵ.課文佳句1．Chickensandevenpigswere_too_nervous_to_eat，anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.(too＋adj.＋to...太……而不能……)雞甚至豬都緊張得吃不下東西，狗也不愿意進圈舍里去。2．It_seemed_as_if__the_world_were_coming_to_an_end!(asif...似乎/好像……)仿佛世界末日即將來臨！3．Soonafterthequakes，thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewho_were_trapped_and_to_bury_the_dead.(定語從句)地震剛剛過去，部隊派出了15萬名士兵奔赴唐山，將受困群眾從廢墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。4．Themostpowerfulearthquakeinthepast40yearscausedatsunamithatcrashedintocoastlinesacrossAsiayesterday,killing_more_than_6,500_peopleinIndonesia，India，Thailand，Malaysia，andatleastfourothercountries.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結果狀語)過去40年來最強的一次地震引起的海嘯昨天登陸了亞洲海岸，造成印度尼西亞、印度、泰國、馬來西亞以及其他至少四個國家的6500多人死亡。必備知識檢測Ⅰ.單詞檢測★詞性轉換1．(2020·全國Ⅲ卷)Asabusinesswoman，Icaredeeplyaboutmycustomers.Butlikeanyoneforwhomyoufeelaffection(affect)，customerscanalsodriveyoumad.2．(2021·新高考全國Ⅰ卷)Hunterswillinglypaythestamppricetoensurethesurvival(survive)ofournaturalresources.3．(2022·全國甲卷)Whenwepausedtocatchourbreath(breathe)，Stevegotdownononeknee.4．(2020·浙江卷)ThelastthingIsawwasDon'sface，lookingcalmly(calm)backatme.5．(2020·全國Ⅲ卷)Ifyoudo，youwon'tbeabletohandleitandthewholethingdevelopsintoanunpleasantsceneandthatruins(ruin)everyone'sday.★熟詞生義1．(2022·全國乙卷)Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthestoicism(堅忍)ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.n.連綿彎曲的地帶2．(2021·新高考全國Ⅰ卷)TheFrenchtaketheir35-hourworkweekseriously—soseriouslythatsomelaborunionsrecentlystruckadealwithagroupofcompanieslimitingthenumberofhoursthatindependentcontractorscanbeoncall.vt.達成3．Oncehismessagewasdelivered，heallowedmetostayandwatch.vt.傳達Ⅱ.短語檢測——結合本單元的短語補全句子1．Theearthquakediddamagetotheareawheremanyhousesfelldownandmany_people_were_trapped_in_ruins(許多人被困在廢墟中)．2．DuringNewYear，sweepingfloorsisforbiddenasitmaysweep_away_luck_and_fortune(掃走好運與財富)．3．Thenextmorning，Tomwent_to_school_as_usual(像往常一樣去上學)．4．MusicwastheonethingI_could_hold_on_to(我所能堅持的)whenthingsgotcrazy.5．Ifyourunoutofenergy，keep_some_healthy_snacks_on_hand(在手邊準備一些健康的零食)togiveyourselfaquickboost.Ⅲ.句型檢測——運用單元句式完成下列句子1．(2022·新高考全國Ⅰ卷)大衛(wèi)堅持跑著，好像他已經忘記了自己所有的弱點，盡管他在幾公里內就被絆倒了。(asif)Davidinsistedonrunningas_if_he_had_forgotten_all_his_weaknesses，thoughhewastrippedoverwithinafewkilometers.2．上周一，我正在街上散步，這時突然看到一位老人從自行車上摔了下來。LastMonday，Iwas_walking_in_the_street_whenIsuddenlysawanoldmanfalloffhisbicycle.3．(2020·全國Ⅰ卷)有一天，我精疲力竭，迷惑不解，以至于無法集中精力聽他的課。(too...to...)Oneday，Iwastoo_exhausted_and_confused_to_concentrate_onwhathetaught.1．affectvt.影響(influence)；(疾病)侵襲；深深打動(makesb.havestrongfeelingsofsadness，pity，etc.)①Thebooktellsstoriesoftheearthquakethroughtheeyesofthosewhoseliveswere_affected(affect)．②Affectedwithahighfever，hecontinuedwithhiswork.③Thinkofthemovies，books，teachers，andfriendsthathaveaneffectonyoumostdeeply.④顯然，盲目聽從別人的意見會影響我們自己的判斷。Apparently，blindly_following_others'_advice_will_affect_our_own_judgment.,(1)beaffectedby受……的影響；被……感動beaffectedwith感染……疾病(2)effectn．作用；影響haveaneffect/influenceon對……產生影響2.ruinn．&vt.破壞；毀壞(spoilordestroycompletely)①Withtimegoingon，thecastlewhichoncewasverybeautifulisnowcompletelyinruins.②Shortlyaftersufferingfromamassiveearthquakeandbeing_reduced(reduce)toruins，thecitytookonanewlook.③Hemadeamistake，whichruinedhischanceofgoingabroad.→Hemadeamistake，ruining_his_chance_of_going_abroad.(分詞短語作狀語),(1)lie/beinruins成為廢墟bereducedtoruins淪為廢墟(2)ruinoneself毀掉自己；自取滅亡ruinone'shealth/fame/future毀壞某人的健康/聲譽/前途3.buryvt.(buried；buried；burying)埋葬，掩埋；隱藏；使沉浸，使專心①Hewalkedslowly，hishandsburied(bury)inhispockets.②Inthepastthreeweeks，wehavebeenburyingourselves(we)instudybecausetheexamisdrawingnear.③當她聽到那個壞消息時，她掩面而泣。She_buried_her_face_in_her_hands_and_wept_when_she_heard_the_bad_news.,beburiedin＝buryoneselfin埋頭于；專心于beburiedinthought沉思[歸納拓展]表示“專心于；致力于”的短語：①beburiedin/buryoneselfin②bedevotedto③belostin④focuson⑤fix/concentrateone'sattentionon⑥beabsorbed/engagedin4.suffervt.遭受；蒙受(experiencesth.unpleasant，suchasinjury，defeatorloss)vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等)受苦①Withnorainforoverayear，thecityissufferingfromunusuallyhotweather.②Theoldmanissaidtohavegonethroughvarietiesofsufferings(suffer)duringthewar.③Johnhassufferedfromlungcancerformanyyears.Hehasdecidedtogiveupsmoking.→Having_suffered_from_lung_cancer_for_many_years，Johnhasdecidedtogiveupsmoking.(分詞短語作狀語)(1)sufferfrom受……折磨；患……病(2)sufferingn．痛苦；苦惱；讓人痛苦的事sufferern．受難者；患病者[實戰(zhàn)貼士](1)suffer用作及物動詞時，表示“遭受；蒙受”，其后常接pain，loss，defeat，poverty，hunger，punishment，hardship，damage等名詞作賓語。(2)suffer用作不及物動詞時，后常接from，表示“受……之苦；患某種疾病”。5．supplyn．供應(量)；補給；[pl.]補給品vt.(supplied；supplied；supplying)供應；供給①Thenaturalresources，suchascoalandoil，areinshortsupplyinthiscountry.②Whathappenswhenfoodandgasolinesupplies(supply)runlow?③自地震發(fā)生以來，政府已經向當?shù)厝嗣裉峁┝舜罅康氖澄锖鸵路．Thegovernmenthas_supplied_plenty_of_food_and_clothes_tothelocalpeoplesincetheearthquakeoccurred.b．Thegovernmenthas_supplied_the_local_people_with_plenty_of_food_and_clothessincetheearthquakeoccurred.(1)supplysth.tosb.＝supplysb.withsth.向某人提供某物(2)beinshortsupply短缺，供應不足haveagoodsupplyof備有許多……school/medicalsupplies學校/醫(yī)療用品[實戰(zhàn)貼士]表示“為某人提供某物”的短語還有：①providesb.withsth.＝providesth.forsb.②offersb.sth.＝offersth.tosb.6．survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艱難度過①Survivors(survive)oftheaccidentwererushedtothenearesthospitalinnotime.②AsfarasIknow，theoldladysurvivedherhusbandby5years.③Ifhecouldn'tfindhiswayoutoftheforest，therewouldbelittlechanceofsurvival(survive)．④他竟然在大火中幸免于難，真是令人吃驚。Itwasamazingthatheshould_have_survived_the_big_fire.(1)surviveon靠……存活下來survivesth.幸免于；從……中挺/活過來survivefrom從……存活下來；流傳下來AsurviveB(by...)A比B活得長(……)(2)survivorn．幸存者survivaln．[U]幸存；[C]殘存物7.powern．電力供應；能量；力量(strength)；控制力vt.驅動，提供動力①It'sbeyondmypowertogetthroughtheworkinsuchashorttime.②(2020·新高考全國Ⅰ卷)Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily—andthat'sprettypowerful(power)．③Theyhaveinventedanewcar，whichis_powered(power)bysolarbatteries.④我將盡我所能為即將到來的期末考試做好準備。I'll_do_everything_in_my_power_to_prepare_well_for_the_coming_final_exam.(1)beinpower掌權，執(zhí)政(表示狀態(tài))cometo/intopower上臺，執(zhí)政(表示動作)in/withinone'spower在某人的能力/權力范圍之內outof/beyondone'spower超出某人的能力(2)powerfuladj.強有力的，強大的[歸納拓展]表示“竭盡全力做某事”的常用表達還有：①do/tryone'sbesttodosth.②makeeveryefforttodosth.③sparenoefforttodosth.8．strikevi.&vt.(struck；struck/stricken；striking)侵襲(attack)；突擊；擊打(hit)n.罷工；罷課；襲擊①Struck(strike)bythebeautyoftheWestLake，westoppedtoadmireit.②Meetingmydearteachersandfellowstudentsaftersomanyyearswasindeedawarmoccasion，oneI'dstrikeintomyheartforever.③JustbeforeSeptember，Millerwas_struck(strike)byacarandlosthisrightarm.,bestruckby被……打動/迷住/侵襲了Itoccursto/hits/strikessb.that...某人突然想起……oone'sheart使……刻骨銘心④我忽然想到我告訴他們的電話號碼是錯的。It_struck/occurred_to/hit_me_thatthephonenumberIhadtoldthemwaswrong.9.[教材原句]Itseemedas_if_the_world_were_coming_to_an_end！仿佛世界末日即將來臨！?asif...意為“似乎/好像”，用在seem，look等后引導表語從句。①Thekidsareveryfriendlywithherandevenlookuptoherasifshewere(be)theirownmother.②Itseemsasifyouare(be)reallyenthusiasticaboutChineseculture.SoIsuggestyouapplytoPekingUniversity，oneofthebestuniversitiesinChina.③Jackwasn'tsayinganythingbuttheteachersmiledathimasifhehad_done(do)somethingveryclever.④Theoldmanwaslyingonthegroundasifhewasbadlyhurt.→Theoldmanwaslyingonthegroundasifbadly_hurt.(狀語從句的省略),asif(＝asthough)所引導的從句中的語氣及時態(tài)：eq\a\vs4\al(asif/though)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(陳述語氣真實或極有可能發(fā)生,的情況,虛擬語氣不,真實或不可能,發(fā)生的情況\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(虛擬現(xiàn)在：did,虛擬過去：haddone,虛擬將來：would/,might/could＋do))))10.[教材原句]Iwas_having_breakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.我和我的三個孩子正在吃早餐，這時水開始往我家里灌。?bedoingsth.when...表示“正在做某事，這時突然……”。①她正沿著河岸走，突然她聽到一陣呼救聲。She_was_walking_along_the_bank_of_the_river_when_she_heard_a_cry_for_help.②我剛打開電腦，這時我父母回來了。I_had_just_turned_on_the_computer_when_my_parents_came_back.③Seatedintheclassroom，Iwasonthepointoftakingmybooksoutwhensuddenlythelightwentout.→Seatedintheclassroom，Iwas_about_to_take_my_books_out_whensuddenlythelightwentout.(1)beabouttodosth.when...＝beonthepointofdoingsth.when...正要做某事，這時突然……(2)had(just)donesth.when...剛做完某事，這時突然……bereadytodosth.when...剛準備做某事，這時突然……eq\a\vs4\al(層級一)過基礎核心知識精準練維度1單句語法填空1．(2021·全國乙卷)Onlinelearningitselfhassomeimperfections，makingitdifficultforusnotto_be_affected(affect)．2．HadIcreatedallmycharactersandplacesupfront，Imayhave_ruined(ruin)thewholething.3．Milkis_delivered(deliver)toourdooreverymorning.4．(2020·新高考全國Ⅰ卷)Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits，theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments.5．Howcanyousurviveonsuchapoordiet？Keepingslimdoesn'tmakesenseifyouarenothealthy.6．ThenumberofpeopleinfectedwithHIVmayreach15millionthisyearunlesseffective(effect)measuresaretakentopreventthespreadofthedisease.7．Astormpacking75mphwindsswept(sweep)acrossthearealastnight.8．Itseemedasiftheteachersparticipatingintheracehad_been(be)younger.9．Iwas_watching(watch)TVwhenmylittlebrotherburstin.10．Thechildranintotheroadandwas_struck(strike)byamotor.維度2完成句子/句式升級1．他埋頭學習，不知道其他人已經離開了。(bury)①Buried_in_his_study，hedidn'tknowthatalltheothershadleft.(分詞短語作狀語)②Burying_himself_in_his_study，hedidn'tknowthatalltheothershadleft.(分詞短語作狀語)③Because_he_was_buried_in_his_study，hedidn'tknowthatalltheothershadleft.(原因狀語從句)2．我們將竭盡全力幫助你，但你必須做好迎接各種困難的準備。①We'lltry/do_our_best_to_help_you，butyoumustgetpreparedtomeetallkindsofdifficulties.(best)②We'llmake_every_effort_to_help_you/spare_no_effort_to_help_you，butyoumustgetpreparedtomeetallkindsofdifficulties.(effort)3．我年齡太小了，不理解這部電影的含義。①Iwastoo_young_to_understandthemeaningofthefilm.(too...to...)②Iwasso_young_thatIcouldn'tunderstandthemeaningofthefilm.(so...that...)4．Hesuffereddefeatafterdefeat，andhebegantolosefaithinhimself.→Having_suffered_defeat_after_defeat，hebegantolosefaithinhimself.(分詞短語作狀語)eq\a\vs4\al(層級二)提能力必備素養(yǎng)提升練提能1單元語法填空Disasterssuchastornadoes，droughts，floods，landslides，volcaniceruptions，typhoons，hurricanesandearthquakeshavecomeoneafteranother，1.causing(cause)greatdamagetomanycountries.Insummary，theearthquakehasthe2.worst(bad)effects.TheTangshanEarthquakeof1976causedmorethan240,0003.deaths(death).90percentofhomeslayinruinsandpeoplesufferedalot.Food，waterandelectricitywerehard4.to_get(get)．Everywheretheshockedsurvivorssaw5.destroyed(destroy)bricks，deepcracksinvillagewellsanduselessmetalsasiftheworldwereat6.anend.Rescueteamsdugoutthetrapped，7.buried(bury)thedead，andbuiltsheltersintheopenair.Withunifiedeffortsand8.wisdom(wise)ofallpeople，thecityreviveditselfandbegantobreatheagain.Earthquakesundertheseacanalsocausetsunamis.Thetsunami9.that/whichstruckAsiain2004crashedintocoastlines.Hugewavessweptawaymanypeople.Foreigncountriesaidedtheseareasbydeliveringfoodandsuppliesbyhelicopters.(Tipsforemergency：※Keepcalm※Taponapipeorwhistle10.forhelp※Stayawayfrompowerlines※Surviveonwhatyouhaveonhand※Keepfirstaidkitsathome)提能2單元話題寫作根據(jù)本單元詞匯、句式和語法知識補全短文ItisknownthatWenchuanwashitbyasevereearthquakeonMay12,2008.Aftertheearthquake，everywherewelooked，we1.found_everything_in_ruins(發(fā)現(xiàn)一切都變成了廢墟).2.It_seemed_as_if_the_world_were_coming_to_an_end(仿佛到了世界末日)．However，notallhopewasdestroyed.TheChinesegovernment'srapidresponse，thetransparenceofinformationafterthequake，andtheopenattitudetowardsforeignaidwereunprecedented.Besides，lotsofenterprises，bigorsmall，3.participated_in_all_sorts_of_donation_activities(參與各種捐贈活動)．Lastbutnotleast，theactionsofordinarypeople，who4.came_to_the_rescue_right_away(立刻前來救援)，savedsomepeoplewhoweretrappedundertheruins，and5.buried_the_dead(掩埋死者)．Theyweresokindandhelpfulthattheyweretoowillingtohelpthoseintrouble6.in_the_face_of_disasters(在災難面前)．提能3單元讀寫結合寫作微技能——情感描寫之“驚恐”(一)[積累常誦]形容詞scared，scary，frightened，frightening，fearful，terrified，terrifying名詞/動詞trap，crash，fear，scare，terror，sweep短語inshock，holdone'sbreath，onhand，scare/frighten...todeath，standstill，afloodoffear[語段寫作]1．按要求利用環(huán)境和動作等細節(jié)描寫烘托人物的恐懼。①一想到要獨自留在那所黑暗的大房子里，她就毛骨悚然。Theideaofbeingleftaloneinthedarkbighousemade_her_hair_stand_on_end.②半夜有人敲門。At_midnight_someone_knocked_on/at_the_door.③“媽媽？爸爸？”他們在哪里？莫莉(Molly)從床上爬起來，踮著腳尖下樓?！癕om？Dad？”Wherewerethey？Molly_climbed_out_of_bed_and_tiptoed_downstairs.④恐懼使她渾身發(fā)抖。她的手指蜷曲成拳頭，指甲戳進手掌。Fear_made_her_shaking_all_over.Herfingerswerecurledintoafist，nailsdiggingintoherpalm.⑤看到玻璃門外的黑影，莫莉感覺體內的血液迅速凝固起來。Molly_felt_that_the_blood_in_her_body_froze_rapidlyatthesightofthedarkfigureoutsidetheglassdoor.⑥她的心因恐懼而狂跳。她伸手拿手機給警察打電話，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)沒電了。Her_heart_was_racing_with_fear.Shereachedforhercellphonetocallthepolice，onlytofinditoutofpower.2．將以上各句合并成小短文并背誦成文，注意使用合適的銜接過渡詞匯。[參考范文]Theideaofbeingleftaloneinthedarkbighousemadeherhairstandonend.However，atmidnightsomeoneknockedon/atthedoor.“Mom？Dad？”Wherewerethey?Mollyclimbedoutofbedandtiptoeddownstairs.Fearmadehershakingallover.Herfingerswerecurledintoafist，nailsdiggingintoherpalm.Mollyfeltthatthebloodinherbodyfrozerapidlyatthesightofthedarkfigureoutsidetheglassdoor.Herheartwasracingwithfear.Yet，shereachedforhercellphonetocallthepolice，onlytofinditoutofpower.[名篇品讀]Beforelong，inspiteofthestorm，Cuicuifallsasleep.Whenshewakesitislightandtherainhasstopped，butrunletsareracingdownthehillsintothestream.Hergrandfatherstillseemsfastasleep，soshegetsupquietlyandtiptoesout.Thenthepathinfrontoftheirdoorhasbecomeasmallriverofmuddywater.Newlyformedchannelsofwaterwereeverywhere.Thevegetablegardenisflooded.Thewaterintheriverhadrisensohighthatitisalreadybrimmingoverthepier，theferrycableovertherivertopulltheboatisunderwater，andtheferryboat，previouslytiedupbeneaththecliff，isnowheretobefound.Forthemomentthisdoesnotworryher，forthecliffisstillthereafterall.Butasshelooksbehindtheirhouse，shefindsthatthewhitepagodahasgone!Ithascollapsed!Shescreamsinterrorforhergrandfather.Whenhemakesnoanswer，shedashesinsidetoshakehimbackandforth.Stillhemakesnosound.Theoldmanhasdiedasthestormdieddown.—TheBorderTown不久，翠翠還是在暴風雨中睡著了。當她醒來的時候，天已經亮了，雨也停了，但是細流正從山上奔流而下，匯入小溪。爺爺似乎還在熟睡，所以她悄悄地起床，踮起腳尖走了出去。門前的小路變成了一條小河。到處都是新形成的水渠。菜園被淹了。河水漲得如此之高，已經淹沒了碼頭，用來拉船的渡船纜繩已經淹沒在水中，而之前被綁在懸崖下的渡船已經不見蹤影。此時此刻，她并不擔心，因為懸崖畢竟還在那里。但是當她回頭看他們的房子時，她發(fā)現(xiàn)白塔不見了！它倒塌了！她驚恐地喊叫著爺爺。當沒聽到應答時，她沖進去來回搖晃著他。他仍然沒有發(fā)出任何聲音。風暴平息時，老人已經去世了?！哆叧恰发?閱讀理解A(2022·榆林第一次檢測)Thenumberofweather-relateddisastershasincreasedbyfivetimesoverthepast50years，thelatestreportbytheWorldMeteorological(氣象)Organization(WMO)saidonSeptember1.However，thankstoimprovedearlywarningsystemsanddisastermanagement，thenumberofdeathfromthesehazards(危險)hasbeenalmostthreetimesless.AccordingtotheWMO，from1970to2019，weather，climateandwaterhazardsaccountedfor50percentofalldisasters.Amongthetop10hazardsthatledtothelargestlossofhumanlifeduringthisperiodweredroughts，storms，floodsandextremetemperatures.However，deathsfellfromover50,000inthe1970stolessthan20,000inthe2010s.“Weather，climateandwaterextremesareincreasingandwillbecomemorefrequentandsevereinmanypartsoftheworldasaresultofclimatechange，”saysWMOSecretary-GeneralPetteriTaalas.“Thatmeansmoreheatwaves，droughtandforestfiressuchasthosewehaveobservedrecentlyinEuropeandNorthAmerica.Wehavemorewatervaporintheatmosphere，whichisworseningextremerainfallanddeadlyflooding.Thewarmingoftheoceanshasaffectedthefrequencyandareaofexistenceofthemostintensetropicalstorms.”“Economiclossesareincreasingasexposureincreases.Butbehindthestatisticsliesamessageofhope.Improvedmulti-hazardearlywarningsystemshaveledtoasignificantreductionindeaths.Quitesimply，wearebetterthaneverbeforeatsavinglives，”Taalassaid.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講述了極端天氣和與此相關的災難會越來越多，但是人類可以通過早期預警系統(tǒng)拯救更多的生命。1．Whatdoweknowfromthefirstparagraph?A．Disastersconnectedwithweatherhavegoneup.B．Thenumberofweather-relateddisastershasdecreased.C．Thenumberofdeathsfromhazardshasbeenincreasing.D．Earlywarningsystemshasmadedisastersdeclinemuch.解析：細節(jié)理解題。由第一段第一句“Thenumberofweather-relateddisastershasincreasedbyfivetimesoverthepast50years，thelatestreportbytheWorldMeteorologicalOrganization(WMO)saidonSeptember1.”可知，與氣候相關的災難增多了。答案：A2．WhatwillhappenaccordingtoPetteriTaalas?A．Therewillbemoreextremeweather.B．Extremerainfallwillnolongerexist.C．Watervaporintheatmospherewillgodown.D．Humanwillconquerextremeweatherintheend.解析：細節(jié)理解題。由第三段佩蒂瑞·塔拉斯說的話“Weather，climateandwaterextremesareincreasingandwillbecomemorefrequentandsevereinmanypartsoftheworldasaresultofclimatechange”可知，佩蒂瑞·塔拉斯認為極端天氣會增多。答案：A3．Whatishopefulbehindthebadnews?A．Improvedwarningsystemswillsaveeconomiclosses.B．Economiclossesaregoingdownasexposureincreases.C．Moreliveswillbesavedthankstoearlywarningsystems.D．Improvedearlywarningsystemswillcontrolextremeweather.解析：細節(jié)理解題。由最后一段中的“Butbehindthestatisticsliesamessageofhope.Improvedmulti-hazardearlywarningsystemshaveledtoasignificantreductionindeaths.”可知，預警系統(tǒng)會拯救更多生命。答案：C4．Wheremaythetextbetakenfrom?A．Anovel. B．Abrochure.C．Aguideline. D．Amagazine.解析：推理判斷題。由第三段中的saysWMOSecretary-GeneralPetteriTaalas和第五段中的Taalassaid可知，文章引用了世界氣象組織官員的話，所以最可能出自電視或廣播的專題節(jié)目，magazine有“(電視、廣播)專題節(jié)目”的意思。答案：DBManypeoplethinkthatthereshouldbesomesortofuniversalservicearoundcash，forcingbankstoprovideitandsellerstoacceptit.Idisagree，butIdounderstandwhytheythinkthatforcingtheadditionalcostsassociatedwithcashonfinancialinstitutionsandmerchantsseemsappealing.Oneoftheirargumentsisthatcashisanecessaryfallback，theonlypaymentmethodthatsocietycandependonintheeventofnuclearwarornaturaldisasterandthereforebusinessesshouldbeforcedtokeeptheabilitytodistributeandcollectnotesandcoins.Theythinkthatcashisthebackupinadisaster.Itreallyisn't.Whenthingsgoreallywrong，itisthepeoplewhokeeptheirmoneyincashwhosufferthemost.RemembertheJapanesedisasterofadecadeback，wherefollowingasevereearthquakeoffthenortheastcoastofJapan'sHonshuIslandin2011，ahugetsunami(海嘯)toweringahundredfeetabovethegroundwentcrashingintocities，townsandvillagesdestroyingmorethan500squarekilometers.SinceJapanremainsacash-basedsocietyandagreatmanypeoplekeeptheirsavingsincashintheirhomes，thedisasterledtotheunusualphenomenonofsafesandcashwashinguponbeaches.YasuoKimura，aformerbankemployeethenaged67，saidthathehadmanyfriendswholosteverything.“Ihadtriedtoconvincethemtoputtheirmoneyinabank，”hesaid.“Theyalwaysthoughtitwassafertokeepitathome.”Anotherargumenttheymakeisthatelectronicpaymentcanbebadforprivacy，makingcashremainthebestbackup.Theyask“Howdoyoustopdatathievesanddatabrokersfrommonitoringyourbuyinghistory？”andsuggestpayingincashistheanswer.Personally，Ithinkusingprivacy-enhancing(增強隱私的)technologieswhenmakingelectronicpaymentsisabetteranswer，butthat'sadiscussionforanotherday.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章討論了是否應該把現(xiàn)金作為對災難的后備。5．Whatmakesmanypeoplethinkitnecessarytoforcecashserviceonbanks?A．Thedutyofbanks.B．Thereliabilityofcash.C．Theneedtocutcosts.D．Thedemandfromsellers.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Oneoftheirargumentsisthatcashisanecessaryfallback，theonlypaymentmethodthatsocietycandependonintheeventofnuclearwarornaturaldisasterandthereforebusinessesshouldbeforcedtokeeptheabilitytodistributeandcollectnotesandcoins.Theythinkthatcashisthebackupinadisaster.”可知，人們認為現(xiàn)金是社會在發(fā)生核戰(zhàn)爭或自然災害時唯一可以依賴的支付方式，即現(xiàn)金是可靠的。答案：B6．WhatwasoneoftheresultsoftheJapanesedisasterin2011?A．Thequakedestroyedover500squarekilometers.B．100towerswereswallowedbythetsunami.C．Japanesestartedtokeepmoneyinbanks.D．ManyJapaneselosttheirbackupmoney.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“SinceJapanremainsacash-basedsocietyandagreatmanypeoplekeeptheirsavingsincashintheirhomes，thedisasterledtotheunusualphenomenonofsafesandcashwashinguponbeaches.”和“...saidthathehadmanyfriendswholosteverything.‘Ihadtriedtoconvincethemtoputtheirmoneyinabank，'hesaid.‘Theyalwaysthoughtitwassafertokeepitathome.'”可知，因為日本人的存儲現(xiàn)金的傳統(tǒng)，很多人把現(xiàn)金存在家里，但這場海嘯導致很多人失去了一切，包括他們的備用資金。答案：D7．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofelectronicpayment?A．Itisnotgoodforprivacy.B．Itstillleavesmuchtobedesired.C．Itissaferthancashpayment.D．Itoftenfallsintothewronghands.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Personally，Ithinkusingprivacy-enhancingtechnologieswhenmakingelectronicpaymentsisabetteranswer，butthat'sadiscussionforanotherday.”可知，作者認為，電子支付應該使用增強隱私的技術，這樣才有保證。即電子支付還有需要改進的地方。答案：B8．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．IsE-paymentSafe?B．LessonsfromaNaturalDisasterC．IsCashtheBackup?D．AppealofUniversalCashService解析：標題歸納題。文章第一段引出了人們對現(xiàn)金服務的要求，第二段第一句和第四段第一句提出了人們要求現(xiàn)金服務的兩個原因，所以本文主要探討了是否要把現(xiàn)金作為后備并提供服務，故C項是最佳標題。答案：CⅡ.閱讀七選五(2022·廈門市高三第三次質量檢測)Ifyou'reanun-decider，eventhesimplestdecisionscanmakeyourpulserace.1.Herearesomestrategiesforspendinglesstimeworryingaboutdecisions.GoforbeinggoodenoughSinceperfectionismandindecisionoftengohandinhand,youshouldbemovingfromamindsetthat“onlythebestwilldo”to“beinggoodenoughisgoodenough”.Ithelpstoreflectonyouroriginalgoal.Didyoubegintheexhaustingonlineshoppingtofindatoasterthatcouldcleanitself,roastcarrotsandalsochargeyourcellphone?Orwereyoujustlookingforsomethingthatwouldbrownyourbread？2.Outsource(交外辦理)decisionsResearchhasshownthatchoicesweakenthewillpowerandleadtodecisionfatigue(疲勞).That'swhyindecisivepeopleareadvisedtopicktheir“battles”．3.Whenitcomestowine,forexample,allIwantisagoodglasswithdinner.Soratherthanstudyingwhichtochoose,Ileavethedecisiontomylocalwinestore，askingittosendmeacaseofsurprisesonceinawhile.The90percentruleWhenayes-or-nodecisionhasmanyprosandcons,trythe“90percentrule”.Thisinvolvesevaluatinganopportunityonascalefrom0to100.Ifyourinterestfallsanywherebelow90percent,reduceitsscoretozeroandrejectit.4.Whywouldyoudeliberatelychoosetofe