【英語(yǔ)】閱讀理解記敘文單元檢測(cè)題一、英語(yǔ)閱讀理解記敘文(含答案詳細(xì)解析)1.閱讀理解

Earlierthisyear,Chinaachievedanewmilestone(里程碑）inspaceresearch.OnJanuary3,2019,Chang'e-4becamethefirstlunarprobe(月球探測(cè)器）inhistorytosuccessfullylandonthefarsideofthemoon.

TheEarth'sgravity(重力)slowsthemoon'srotation(自轉(zhuǎn)),matchingittothespeedofitsorbit(公轉(zhuǎn)).Therefore,thefarsideofthemoonisalmost"dark"andhasneverbeenseen.It'sthissenseoftheunknownthatmakesthefarsideofthemoonsuchaninterestingplaceforscientificandspaceresearch.Beingblownbysolar(太陽(yáng)的)winds,thefarsidemayhavethespecialminerals(礦物質(zhì)).Forthisreason,Chang'e-4willstudytheeffectofsolarwindsonthelunarsurfaceandanymineralfoundbythespacecraft.Chang'e-4isalsocarryingflowerseeds,potatoesandsilkwormeggstoseewhetherlifeispossibleonthemoon.Ifitis,thenthemoonwillbecomeapossiblechoiceforspacetravelinthefuture.

However,researchofthe"dark"sideisn'teasy.Asthefarsideisblocked(阻斷）offfromus,radionoisecomingoffEarthisalsoblocked.ThisiswhyChina'srelaysatellite(中繼衛(wèi)星）QueqiaowassentupinMay,2018.ThankstoQueqiao,thecommunicationproblembetweenEarthandChang'e-4hasbeenwellsolved.

Powersupply(電源供應(yīng))isalsoachallengetothetask.Chang'e-4getsenergyfromthesunthroughitssolarpanels.Asweknow,alunardayhasthelength(長(zhǎng)度)of28Earthdays.AfterChang'e-4wassentuponDecember8,2018,ittooktheprobeover20daystoorbitthemoontobeinapositiontobeabletolandinmoondaylightanduseitssolarpanels.

Luckily,everythinggoeswell,Chang'e-4hasworkedonthe"dark"sideforover5months.Ithassentbackmanyphotosofthefarsideofthemoonandhasbeenusedtocarryoutsomescientificexperiments.TheNewYorkTimesusedtheword"groundbreaking"topraisethetaskandwrotethat"itwillofferhelptothehistoryanddevelopmentofthemoon".(1)WhenwasChang'e-4sentup?A.

InMay,2018.B.

OnDecember8,2018.C.

OnJanuary3,2019.D.

Thepassagedoesn'ttellus.(2)ThemaintasksofChang'e-4don'tinclude_______________________.A.

studyingiflifeispossibleonthemoonB.

studyingtheeffectofsolarwindsonthelunarsurfaceC.

solvingthecommunicationproblembetweenEarthandotherprobesD.

researchinganymineralfoundbythespacecraft(3)Themeaningoftheunderlinedword"groundbreaking"inthelastparagraphistheclosestto"________________".A.

harmful

B.

unpredictable

C.

risky

D.

pioneering(4)Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.

Chang'e-4hassentbackmanyphotosofthefarsideofthemoon.B.

Alunardayhasthelengthof28Earthdays.C.

China'srelaysatelliteQueqiaowassentupinordertoofferpowersupplytoprobes.D.

Chang'e-4isthefirstlunarprobeinhistorythathassuccessfullylandedonthe"dark"sideofthemoon.【答案】(1)B（2）C（3）D(4)C【解析】【分析】文章大意:文章介紹了中國(guó)的嫦娥四號(hào)月球探測(cè)器,為我們講述了嫦娥四號(hào)升空時(shí)間,什么時(shí)候在月球背面著陸,如何跟地球進(jìn)行通訊聯(lián)系等等。(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題,根據(jù)AfterChang'e-4wassentuponDecember8,

可知,嫦娥四號(hào)是在2018年12月8號(hào)發(fā)射升空的,故答案是B。(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題,根據(jù)

Forthisreason,Chang'e-4willstudytheeffectofsolarwindsonthelunarsurfaceandanymineralfoundbythespacecraft.Chang'e-4isalsocarryingflowerseeds,potatoesandsilkwormeggstoseewhetherlifeispossibleonthemoon.可知,嫦娥四號(hào)的人物包括研究月球表面的太陽(yáng)風(fēng)的影響,尋找礦物質(zhì),攜帶花種、土豆和蠶卵看,他們是否恩能夠在月球成活,不包括解決地球與月球的通訊問(wèn)題,故答案是C。（3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題,groundbreaking的一是是開(kāi)創(chuàng)性的,A.有傷害的;B.難以預(yù)料的;C.冒險(xiǎn)的,D先鋒,故答案是D。(4）正誤判斷題,根據(jù)ThankstoQueqiao,thecommunicationproblembetweenEarthandChang'e-4hasbeenwellsolved.可知鵲橋中繼衛(wèi)星的發(fā)射是微利解決通訊問(wèn)題,故答案是C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解,本文涉及到了細(xì)節(jié)理解題和正誤判斷題,細(xì)節(jié)理解題一般可知直接在文中找到答案,正誤判斷題也是細(xì)節(jié)理解題的一種,也是基于短文內(nèi)容進(jìn)行判斷的。2.閱讀材料,然后從各小題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

YourEnglishteacherhasintroducedaplaytoyourclass.Readtheplay.

Characters:Benny,student,14yearsold

Peter,students,15yearsold

Susie,student,14yearsold

Grace,student,14yearsold

Time:OneSundayafternooninautumn

Place:SunnyPark

(Thefourteenagershavejustfinishedthepicnic.Theyaretidyingup.)Benny:Wow!Thatwasagreatpicnic.I'msofullthatIcanhardlymove.Grace:That'snoexcusefornottidyingup,Benny.Comeoverhereandhelpmepackuptheleftoverfood.Peter,canyouputoutthefire,please?Andcleanuptheplate.Peter:(Speakingunhappilytohimself)HowcanIalwaysgetthedirtyanddifficultjobs?

It'snotfair.

(Peterthrowsabitofwateronthefire.Thenhepicksuptheashes(灰燼)withanoldnewspaperandwantstothrowthemintothelonggrass.)Susie:(Soundingsurprised）Whatareyoudoing,Peter?That'sd…Peter:Whoops…thenewspaperhascaughtfire.Susie:Andthegrass…Benny,Grace,help!Help!

(BennyandGracecomeoverquickly.Theyhelpputoutthefirecompletely.)Peter:Oh,no.WhathaveIdone?Grace:Youknowthatweshoulddoeverythingcarefully,don'tyou?Peter:(Withhisheadinhishands)Yes.WhathaveIdone?WhathaveIdone?(1）HowdoesPeterfeelabouthisjob?A.

Cleananeasy

B.

Dirtyanddifficult

C.

Greatandinteresting

D.

Noisyandharmful(2)WhatworddoyouthinkSusiewouldsayinthesentence"That'sd…"?A.

dirty

B.

difficult

C.

delicious

D.

dangerous(3)Whichofthefollowingsentencesistrue?A.

Therearefivepeopleintheplay.

B.

Peter'scarelessnesscausesthefire.C.

Theyhaveapicnicinthemorning.

D.

Bennyrefusestohelpotherstidyup.【答案】(1)B（2）D(3)B【解析】【分析】文章大意:本文以角色對(duì)話的形式展示了文章的內(nèi)容。主要是關(guān)于四個(gè)學(xué)生野餐后,需要清理場(chǎng)地。而由于Peter的粗心意外地引起了一場(chǎng)小火災(zāi)。

(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中Peter的第一句話HowcanIalwaysgetthedirtyanddifficultjobs?我怎么能總是得到骯臟和困難的工作?可知,Peter認(rèn)為自己的工作又臟又難(dirtyanddifficult)。故選B。(2）推理判斷題。由下文中Peter說(shuō)得"Whooops...thenewspaperhascaughtfire",由于Peter把報(bào)紙仍在了灰燼堆里,著火了。這是一件危險(xiǎn)的事情?？梢酝浦猄usie說(shuō)那樣做是危險(xiǎn)的。A:dirty臟的；B:difficult困難的；C:delicious可口的；D:dangerous危險(xiǎn)的。故選D。（3）正誤判斷題。由文中Characters:Benny,student,14yearsold;

Peter,students,15yearsold;

Susie,student,14yearsold;

Grace,student,14yearsold.可知選項(xiàng)A,不符合文章內(nèi)容,故排除A;Peter:Whoops…thenewspaperhascaughtfire.和由文中"Susie:Andthegrass..Benny,Grace,help!Help!（BennyandGracecomeoverquickly.Theyhelpputoutthefirecompletely）"可知由于彼得的粗心引起火災(zāi),故選項(xiàng)B符合文章內(nèi)容,故選B;Time:OneSundayafternooninautumn;Time:OneSundayafternooninautumn;

Place:SunnyPark;（Thefourteenagershavejustfinishedthepicnic.Theyaretidyingup.）可知選項(xiàng)C不符合文章內(nèi)容,故排除C;That'snoexcusefornottidyingup,Benny.Comeoverhereandhelpmepackuptheleftoverfood.

可知選項(xiàng)D不符合文章大意,故排除D。綜上所述,故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解,首先通讀全文,了解全文大意,其次分析問(wèn)題,抓住關(guān)鍵詞,在文中尋找相關(guān)信息,確定答案,最后再檢查一遍,確保答案正確。3.閱讀理解

ThenAlicesawasmallglasstable.Therewasalittlegoldenkeyonit.Shepickeditandputitinallthelocksonthedoorsbutitdidn'topenanyofthem.Shemovedacurtainononeofthewallsanddiscoveredanotherdoor,averysmallone.Sheputthekeyinthelock.Itwasexactlytherightsize!Sheopenedthedoorandlookedthroughit.Attheendofalowpassageshesawabeautifulgarden.Itwasfullofbrightlycolouredflowersandfountains.

"Oh,howbeautiful!"shesaid."I'dlovetogotherebutI'mtoobigtogetthroughthedoor."

Shewalkedbacktothetable.Therewasabottleonitnow.

"I'msurethatbottlewasn'ttherebefore,"shesaid,alittleconfused.

Sheputdownthekeyandpickedupthebottle.Shereadthewords"DRINKME"onit.Alicewasn'tastupidgirl.Shedidn'tdrinkitimmediately.Firstshelookedatthebottlecarefully.Therewasn'talabelonitthatsaid"POISON".

Sosheputthebottletoherlipsanddrank.

"Mmm,ifsnice,"shesaid.Ittastedlikecherrytart,pineapple,roastturkeyandtoast-allthethingsthatshelikedtoeat-soshedranksomemore.Andsomemore.Soonthebottlewasempty.

"Whatacuriousfeeling,"shesaid."I'mgettingsmallerandsmaller.'"Itwastrue!ShewasnowassmallashercatDinah.

"Good!Icangothroughthedoorintothegarden,"shesaid.But,poorAlice!Whenshegottothedoor,shedidn'thavethekey!Itwasonthetable.Shecouldn'treachitbecauseshewastoosmallnow.Shesatdownandcried.

Afterawhileshesaid,"Alice!Stopcrying!Cryingdoesn'thelp!Dryyourtearsimmediately!"

Whenshelookedatthetableagain,shesawasmallglassboxunderit.Shepickeditupandopenedit.Therewasasmallcakeinside.Ithadthewords"EATME"onit.Sheputasmallpieceofitinhermouth.

"IfIgrowbiggerIcanreachthekey,"shethought."AndifIgrowsmallerIcangounderthedoor."

Butnothinghappenedsoshefinishedit.

(1)Fromthepassagewecanknowthat_______________________.A.

atfirstAlicecouldgothroughthedoorintothegardeneasilyB.

thenAlicefoundtherewasalittlegoldenkeyonasmallwoodentableC.

AlicewasassmallasherrabbitDinahaftershedranksomethinginthebottleD.

Alicesawasmallglassboxwithasmallcakeinitunderthetable(2)Alicedidthefollowingthingsintheorderof___________________.a.Shesawabeautifulgardenattheendofalowpassage.b.Shemovedacurtainanddiscoveredanotherdoor.c.Sheputasmallpieceofthecakeinhermouth.d.Sheputthebottletoherlipsanddrank.e.Shecriedbecauseshecouldn'treachthekey.A.

a-b-c-d-e

B.

b-a-d-e-c

C.

d-a-b-e-c

D.

b-d-e-a-c(3)Theunderlinedword"it"inthelastparagraphrefersto______________.A.

thesmallbox

B.

theglasstable

C.

thesmallcake

D.

thegoldenkey(4)Accordingtothepassage,thebestwordstodescribeAliceare___________________.A.

carefulandbraveB.

curiousandhelpfulC.

cleverandfriendlyD.

organizedandstrange【答案】(1)D（2）B（3）C(4)A【解析】【分析】文章大意:本文主要講愛(ài)麗絲被關(guān)到一座房子里,但出不去,里面有一些東西可以使她變小。(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中"Thenshesawalittleglasstablewiththreelegs,andonthetopofitwasaverysmallgoldkey."愛(ài)麗絲看見(jiàn)一張小玻璃桌。上面有一把金鑰匙可知她是在玻璃桌上發(fā)現(xiàn)鑰匙的。選項(xiàng)B不符合文章內(nèi)容,故排除B;"Oh,howbeautiful!"shesaid."I'dlovetogotherebutI'mtoobigtogetthroughthedoor."我很想去那里,但是我太大了,不能從門(mén)進(jìn)去。"可知選項(xiàng)A不符合文章內(nèi)容,故排除A;"I'mgettingsmallerandsmaller.'"Itwastrue!ShewasnowassmallashercatDinah.我越來(lái)越小了。""是真的!她現(xiàn)在和她的貓黛娜一樣小?？芍x項(xiàng)C符合文章內(nèi)容,故排除C;Whenshelookedatthetableagain,shesawasmallglassboxunderit.Shepickeditupandopenedit.Therewasasmallcakeinside.她看到桌子下面有一個(gè)小玻璃盒。她把它撿起來(lái)打開(kāi)了。里面有一個(gè)小蛋糕,可知選項(xiàng)D符合文章內(nèi)容,故選D。（2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)通讀全文,找出在文中的位置。b:Shemovedacurtainanddiscoveredanotherdoor.；a:Shesawabeautifulgardenattheendofalowpassage.；d:Sheputthebottletoherlipsanddrank.e:Shecriedbecauseshecouldn'treachthekey.；c:Sheputasmallpieceofthecakeinhermouth.找出在文中的位置,故選B。(3)代詞指代題。根據(jù)全文,可能小蛋糕的作用與液體的作用一樣,她可能變得太小了或變大,都與小蛋糕有關(guān)系,故選C。（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)Alicewasn'tastupidgirl.Shedidn'tdrinkitimmediately.Firstshelookedatthebottlecarefully.Therewasn'talabelonitthatsaid"POISON".愛(ài)麗絲不是個(gè)傻女孩。她沒(méi)有馬上喝。她先仔細(xì)地看了看瓶子。上面沒(méi)有寫(xiě)著“毒藥”的標(biāo)簽?？梢酝浦且粋€(gè)謹(jǐn)慎并勇敢的女孩。A:carefulandbrave謹(jǐn)慎和勇敢;B:curiousandhelpful好奇和樂(lè)于助人;C:cleverandfriendly聰明和友好;D:organizedandstrange有條理和奇怪。故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題兩種?？碱}型,細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文,推斷出需要的信息。4.閱讀理解

Everyonefaceschallengesintheirlife,butsomearemoreimportantthanothers.DanielKishhadseriousproblemswithhiseyeswhenhewasborn.Anddoctorstookawaybothofhiseyesbeforehewasfourteenmonthsold.

Soonafter,however,hestartedtodoanamazingthing.Hestartedtomakeclicking(咔嗒)soundswithhistongue(舌頭)tohelphimmovearound.Muchlikeabat(蝙蝠),henowmovesaboutusingsonar(聲吶).Heissogoodatitthathecanrideabicycleintraffic.Heandhisgroup,WorldAccessfortheBlind,teachothershowtousesonar.InthisinterviewwithNationalGeographic,Kishexplainshowtheprocessworks.

Howdoessonarwork?

"WhenImakeaclickingsound,itmakessoundwaves.Thesewavesreflect(反射)offsurfacesallaroundandreturntomyears.Mybrainthenprocessesthesoundsintoimages(圖像).It'slikehavingaconversationwiththeenvironment

Whenyouclick,whatdoyouseeinyourmind?

"Eachclickislikeacameraflash.Imakea3Dimageofthethingsaroundmeforhundredsoffeetineverydirection

Whatisitlikeridingabikeusingsonar?

"It'sexcitingandenjoyablebutrequiresalotoffocus.Iclickuptotwotimespersecond,muchmorethanIusuallydo."

Isitdangeroustomovearoundtheworldinthisway?

"Muchoftheworldlivesinfearofthingsthatwemostlyimagine.Ihaveahabitofclimbinganythingandeverything,butIneverbrokeabone(骨頭)asakid."

Howchallengingisittoteachpeopletousesonar?

"Manystudentsaresurprisedhowquicklyresultscome.Seeingisn'tintheeyes,it'sinthemind."(1)What'sthemainideaofParagraph2?A.

Kishexplainshowsonarworks.

B.

Kishteachespeoplehowtousesonar.C.

Kishstartedtomovearoundusingsonar.

D.

Kishisgoodatridingabicycleintraffic.(2)Howdoessonarwork?Choosetherightorder.a.Thesoundwavesreflectoffsurfaces.b.Thepersonmakesaclickingsound.c.Thebrainmakesimageswiththesounds.d.Thesoundwavesreachthepersonsears.A.

b-a-c-d

B.

b-d-a-c

C.

a-b-d-c

D.

b-a-d-c(3)WhatcanweknowaboutKishfromthepassage?A.

Healwayschallengeshimselfbravely.B.

Helivesinfearofthingsthatheimagines.C.

Hebecameblindwhenhewas14yearsold.D.

Hebrokehisbonewhenclimbingasachild.(4)Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.

HowSonarWorks.

B.

RidingaBikeUsingSonar.C.

SeeingwiththeMind.

D.

HowtheBlindMoveAround.【答案】(1)C（2）D（3）A(4)C【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文敘述一個(gè)能面對(duì)生活挑戰(zhàn)的人DanielKish十四個(gè)月打之前由于出生時(shí)眼睛有嚴(yán)重問(wèn)題,雙眼都被摘掉了。但是他現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始使用聲納。他擅長(zhǎng)騎車,所以在交通中他能騎自行車。他和他的團(tuán)隊(duì),盲人世界通道,教別人如何使用聲納。當(dāng)問(wèn)到教人們使用聲納有多困難,許多學(xué)生都驚訝于結(jié)果來(lái)得如此之快。眼見(jiàn)不在眼里,它在心里。(1)段落大意題。由henowmovesaboutusingsonar(聲吶).Heissogoodatitthathecanrideabicycleintraffic.Heandhisgroup,WorldAccessfortheBlind,teachothershowtousesonar.InthisinterviewwithNationalGeographic,Kishexplainshowtheprocessworks.可知本段主要說(shuō)明DanielKish現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始使用聲吶來(lái)幫助他四處走動(dòng)。故選C。（2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由a:WhenImakeaclickingsound,itmakessoundwaves.b:Thesewavesreflectoffsurfacesallaroundandd:returntomyears.c:MybrainthenprocessesthesoundsintoimagesIt'slikehavingaconversationwiththeenvironment?？芍_的順序b-a-d-c,故選D。(3)推理判斷題。由Soonafter,however,hestartedtodoanamazingthing.Hestartedtomakeclickingsoundswithhistonguetohelphimmovearound.Muchlikeabat,henowmovesaboutusingsonar.Heissogoodatitthathecanrideabicycleintraffic.Heandhisgroup,WorldAccessfortheBlind,teachothershowtousesonar.然而,不久之后,他開(kāi)始做一件了不起的事情。他開(kāi)始用舌頭發(fā)出咔噠聲來(lái)幫助他四處走動(dòng)。就像蝙蝠一樣,他現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始使用聲納。他擅長(zhǎng)騎車,所以在交通中他能騎自行車。他和他的團(tuán)隊(duì),盲人世界通道,教別人如何使用聲納?？芍軌蜷_(kāi)始使用聲納到處走動(dòng),并擅長(zhǎng)騎自行車同時(shí)教會(huì)盲人使用聲納。能像正常人一樣生活,已經(jīng)勇敢地戰(zhàn)勝了自我。故選A。(4）標(biāo)題判斷題。由最后段Howchallengingisittoteachpeopletousesonar?

"Manystudentsaresurprisedhowquicklyresultscome.Seeingisn'tintheeyes,it'sinthemind."可知使用聲納不是用眼睛看,而是在用心。只有選項(xiàng)C才能揭示文章的內(nèi)容,故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解,首先通讀全文,了解全文大意,其次分析問(wèn)題,抓住關(guān)鍵詞,在文中尋找相關(guān)信息,確定答案,最后再檢查一遍,確保答案正確。5.閱讀材料,然后從各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案。

Everyonefacesdifficultiesintheirlife.DanielKishwasbornwithaspecialeyeillnessandlosthiseyesightbeforehewasonly14monthsold.

Soonafter,however,hestartedtodoanamazingthing.Helearnedtomakeclicks(咔噠聲)withhistonguetohelphimmovearound.Kishnowmovesaboutusingsonar(聲納).Heissogoodatitthathecanrideabicyclebyhimselfonpublicroads.AndhestartedtheorganizationWorldAccessfortheBlind(WAFTB)in2000,teachingothershowtousesonar.IntheinterviewwithNationalGeographic,heexplainshowthesonarworks.

"WhenImakeaclicksound,itproducessoundwaves.Thesewavesreflect(反射）offsurfacesallaroundandreturntomyears.Mybrainthendealswiththesoundandturnsitintopicturesinmymind.Eachclickislikeacameraflash,whichhelpsmemakea3-Dpictureofmysurroundingsforhundredsoffeet.It'slikehavingaconversationwiththeenvironment."

Kishfeelsitisexcitingtorideabikeusingsonar,althoughheneedstoclicktwiceasecond,muchmorethanheusuallydoes."Itmaysoundabitdangeroustomovearoundtheworldinthisway,"hesays."Butmostpeopleintheworldliveinfearofthingsthattheyimagine.Ilovehikingandmountain-biking.Igoalmosteverywhere.AndI'veneverhadanaccidentandhurtmyself."

Heishappytobeabletohelpmoreblindchildrentoimprovetheirlife."We'veservedover10,000studentsinnearly40countries,"hetellsthereporter."Manystudentsaresurprisedhowquicklyresultscome.Seeingisn'tintheeyes.It'sinthemind."(1)Kishmovesaroundusingsonarbecause________.A.

heisgoodatmakingclicksB.

itmakeshim"see"theworldC.

hehasagreatinterestinscienceD.

itisimportantforhimtokeephealthy(2)Whichofthefollowingistherightordershowinghowthesonarworks?①Thesoundwavesreflectoffsurfaces.②Thepersonmakesaclickingsound.③Thebrainturnsthesoundintopictures.④Thesoundwavesreachtheperson'sears.A.

①④③②

B.

②①④③

C.

①④②③

D.

②③①④(3)WhatcanwelearnaboutWorldAccessfortheBlind(WAFTB)fromthepassage?A.

Itofferstheblindfreebicycles.B.

Itsellssonarproductstotheblind.C.

Itteachestheblindtousesonar.D.

Ithelpstheblindfindmorefriends.(4)Thebesttitleforthepassagemightbe________.A.

LivingwithoutfearB.

TravelingwiththeblindC.

HopingforthefutureD.

Lookingaroundtheworld【答案】(1)B（2）B（3）C(4)A【解析】【分析】文章大意:丹尼爾雖然失明,但是他能利用聲吶幫助他行動(dòng)。他于2000年成立了世界盲人通道組織,教其他人如何使用聲納。他很高興能夠幫助更多的失明兒童改善他們的生活。(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語(yǔ)句WhenImakeaclicksound,itproducessoundwaves.Thesewavesreflect(反射)offsurfacesallaroundandreturntomyears.Mybrainthendealswiththesoundandturnsitintopicturesinmymind.Eachclickislikeacameraflash,whichhelpsmemakea3-Dpictureofmysurroundingsforhundredsoffeet.It'slikehavingaconversationwiththeenvironment."

理解可知,丹尼爾主要利用聲吶來(lái)幫助他看清周圍的世界,故選B。(2)根據(jù)文中的語(yǔ)句HeWhenImakeaclicksound,itproducessoundwaves.

可知,第一句應(yīng)該是Thepersonmakesaclickingsound.根據(jù)文中的語(yǔ)句Thesewavesreflect(反射)offsurfacesallaroundandreturntomyears.

理解可知,第二句應(yīng)該是Thesoundwavesreflectoffsurfaces.第三句是Thesoundwavesreachtheperson'sears.根據(jù)語(yǔ)句Mybrainthendealswiththesoundandturnsitintopicturesinmymind.

理解可知,第四句應(yīng)該是Thebrainturnsthesoundintopictures.它們的順序是②①④③,故選B。(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語(yǔ)句AndhestartedtheorganizationWorldAccessfortheBlind(WAFTB)in2000,teachingothershowtousesonar.

理解可知,丹尼爾創(chuàng)建WAFTB的目的就是教其他盲人學(xué)會(huì)利用聲吶,故選C。(4）標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)文中的語(yǔ)句Kishfeelsitisexcitingtorideabikeusingsonar,althoughheneedstoclicktwiceasecond,muchmorethanheusuallydoes."Itmaysoundabitdangeroustomovearoundtheworldinthisway,"hesays."Butmostpeopleintheworldliveinfearofthingsthattheyimagine.Ilovehikingandmountain-biking.Igoalmosteverywhere.AndI'veneverhadanaccidentandhurtmyself."理解可知,本文主要介紹了丹尼爾雖然失明,但是沒(méi)有被面臨的困難嚇倒,仍然利用聲吶到處行走,并且沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)事故。這就告訴人們要敢于面對(duì)生活中的困難,故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文考查細(xì)節(jié)題和主旨題等?？碱}型,細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中抓住關(guān)鍵詞尋找答案；主旨題需要通讀全文,了解大意之后找出主題句。6.閱讀理解

Whenhedidn'tbecomefamous,AlbertEinstein,oneofthegreatestscientistsintheworld,livedahardlife,wearingcasually.Someoneremindedhimheshouldhaveadecent(得體的)coatsoastoenterthesociety.

Hesaid,"I'munknown.EvenifIwearmorehandsomely,noonewillknowme."Afewyearslater,Einsteinbecameaworld-famousscientist,whostillworecasually.Themanagainremindedheshouldhaveacoatmadequickly,oritwoulddisagreewiththefameofagreatscientist.Einsteinsaidwithasmile,"Now,evenifIwearragged(衣衫襤褸的）clothes,peoplewillknowme."

Sometimes,heevenworeasportsshirtandapairofsandalstotheUniversityofBerlinwhenheworkedasaprofessorinGermany.Hisfriendsdidn'tagreewithhim,buthesaidjokingly,"Ifthebagisbetterthanthemeatinside,itwillbeabadthing."

Indeed,manyatime,ifwedon'tadorn(修飾;裝飾)ourselvesfromtheappearancebutlettheskeleton(骨架;骨骼)ofthespiritstandup,wewon'tfalloverinthisworld.(1）Einsteinwasagreat__________.A.

reporter

B.

writer

C.

scientist

D.

artist(2)Beforebecomingfamous,whensomeoneremindedhimtohaveadecentcoat.Einstein____.A.

hadadecentcoatquickly

B.

stillworecasuallyC.

quarreledwiththeperson

D.

woremorehandsomelythen(3)Whatcanwelearnfromthefourthparagraph?A.

Einsteinwasunfriendlytohisfriends.B.

EinsteinoncestudiedintheUniversityofBerlin.C.

Einsteindidn'tlikehisworkasaprofessorinGermany.D.

Einsteinthoughtthethingsinsideapersonweremoreimportantthantheappearance.【答案】(1)C（2）B(3)D【解析】【分析】文章大意:世界著名科學(xué)家愛(ài)因斯坦成名前后都穿著隨意,面對(duì)人們的勸說(shuō),他的回答發(fā)人深思。他認(rèn)為:一個(gè)人內(nèi)在的品質(zhì)要比外表更重要。我們應(yīng)該讓精神的骨架站起來(lái),才能立于不敗之地。(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文中語(yǔ)句AlbertEinstein,oneofthegreatestscientistsintheworld可知,愛(ài)因斯坦是一位偉大的科學(xué)家。故選C。（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后

Someoneremindedhimheshouldhaveadecent（得體的）coatsoastoenterthesociety."有人提醒他為了融入社會(huì)他應(yīng)該有一件得體的外套”;第二段語(yǔ)句

Hesaid,"I'munknown.EvenifIwearmorehandsomely,noonewillknowme."愛(ài)因斯坦回答"我沒(méi)有名氣。即便我穿得更英俊漂亮,也沒(méi)有人會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)我?！庇纱送茢?愛(ài)因斯坦沒(méi)有聽(tīng)從別人勸告,依然穿著很隨意,故選B。（3）推理判斷題。閱讀短文第四段可知,愛(ài)因斯坦在柏林大學(xué)工作時(shí),穿著運(yùn)動(dòng)衫和涼鞋去學(xué)校,朋友們不贊同時(shí),他說(shuō)“如果袋子比里面的肉好,那將是一件壞事。"這里愛(ài)因斯坦將袋子和肉分別比作人的外在和內(nèi)在,故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文考查細(xì)節(jié)題和推理判斷等?？碱}型,推理判斷題要注意從文中抓住關(guān)鍵詞尋找答案；主旨題需要通讀全文,了解大意之后找出正確選項(xiàng)。7.閱讀理解

Acoupleofsparrows(麻雀）livedhappilyinahugetreeinajungle.Thefemalesparrowhadlaidhereggsandtheywereexpectingtheirbabiessoon.

Oneday,anelephantwasunabletotoleratetheheatofthesummersun.Hedestroyedalltrees,includingthetreewherethesparrowslived.

Thesparrowsmanagedtoescapebyflyingaway,buttheylosttheirbabies.Theeggsfelldowntothegroundandbrokeintopieces.Theycriedloudlyanddecidedtokilltheelephant.

Theyaskedtheirfriends,awoodpeckerandaflyforhelp.Theflytookthemtomeetoneofhisfriends,anoldfrog.Thefrogwaswiseandhecameupwithagoodplansoon.

Thefrogexplained,"Fly!Yourtaskistobuzzintheelephant'searsinordertomakehimsleepy.Thewoodpeckerstaskistohurthiseyesandmakehimblind.Inthishotsummerdays,hewillcertainlysearchforwater.Iwillsitbythenearbypit(深坑)andshoutatthetopofmyvoice."

Hecontinued,"Whenthethirstyelephanthearsme,hewillthinkthereisapondorlakenearbyandfollowmyvoice.Andwhenhedoesso,hewillfallintothepitanddie."

Theothersagreedtothefrog'splan.Everyonedidtheirtasksperfectly.Finally,theelephantfellintothepitanddied.(1)Theunderlinedword"tolerate"means________.A.

protect

B.

stand

C.

mind

D.

encourage(2)Whydidthesparrowswanttokilltheelephant?A.

Becausetheelephantdestroyedalltrees.B.

Becausetheelephantkilledsomesmallanimals.C.

Becausetheelephant'sbehaviormadethemlosetheirbabies.D.

Becausetheelephantwantedtoowntheirtree.(3)Inwhatorderdidthefollowingeventstakeplace?a.Thefrogshoutedbythepit.b.Theflybuzzedintheelephant'sears.C.Theelephantfellintothepitanddied.d.Theelephantwantedtosearchforwater.e.Thewoodpeckermadetheelephantblind.A.

e-b-d-a-c

B.

b-e-d-a-c

C.

e-b-a-d-c

D.

b-e-a-d-c(4)Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.

Afriendiseasierlostthanfound.

B.

Agoodbeginningishalfdone.C.

Factspeakslouderthanwords.

D.

Manyhandsmakelightwork.(5)What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.

APerfectPlan

B.

APoorElephant

C.

GoodFriends

D.

WiseSparrows【答案】(1)B（2）C（3）B（4）D(5)A【解析】【分析】文章大意:本文講的是幾個(gè)弱小的動(dòng)物齊心協(xié)力殺死大象的故事。兩只麻雀因?yàn)榇笙蟮聂旔B(yǎng)行為失去了孩子。他們向啄木鳥(niǎo)和蒼蠅求助,蒼蠅帶他們?nèi)ヒ?jiàn)一只青蛙。青蛙想出了一個(gè)需要他們共同實(shí)施的完美計(jì)劃,他們成功殺死了那頭大象。(1)詞義猜測(cè)題。結(jié)合上下文

Oneday,anelephantwasunabletotoleratetheheatofthesummersun.Hedestroyedalltrees,includingthetreewherethesparrowslived.的描述可知,天氣很熱,大象無(wú)法"忍受”這種熱,就毀壞了所有的樹(shù),包括麻雀住的那棵,tolerate的含義是"忍受;容忍”,和stand同義,故答案為B。（2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)本段中的"buttheylosttheirbabies"以及"Theycriedloudlyanddecidedtokilltheelephant."可知麻雀想殺大象的原因是大象間接殺害了他們的孩子,故答案為C。(3）推理判斷題。通讀這五六兩段可知,事件發(fā)生的順序是:蒼蠅在大象的耳朵邊嗡嗡叫→啄木鳥(niǎo)啄瞎大象的眼睛→大象想找水→青蛙在深坑邊大叫→大象掉進(jìn)深坑里死了,故答案為B。（4)推理判斷題。通讀全文可知,本文講述幾個(gè)弱小的動(dòng)物齊心協(xié)力殺死大象的故事,闡述的道理是“眾人拾柴火焰高",故答案為D。(5）主旨大意題。通讀全文可知,本文講的是麻雀、啄木鳥(niǎo)、蒼蠅和青蛙共同實(shí)施的一個(gè)殺死大象的完美計(jì)劃,故答案為A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文考查細(xì)節(jié)題,詞義推斷題,推理判斷題和主旨題等?？碱}型,細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中抓住關(guān)鍵詞尋找答案；主旨題,詞義推斷題以及判斷題都需要通讀全文,了解大意之后找出正確選項(xiàng)。8.閱讀理解

Manyscientiststhinkthattheearthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.Ifthechangecontinues,thenaturalworldandhumansocietywillfacedanger.Scientistsbelievehumanactivityisresponsiblefortheclimatechange.Weproducetoomanygreenhousegases.Theykeepheatintheairandmaketheearthwarm.

Manyoftheworld'sgovernmentsagree.Andtheywanttosolvetheproblem.SofromDecember7to18,2009,theyheldaconferenceinCopenhagen,Denmarktotalkaboutglobalwarmingandclimatechange.

Representatives(代表)from192countriesandregionswenttothemeeting.Althoughtheyhavenotreachedanagreement,theCopenhagenAccord(《哥本哈根協(xié)議》)wasanimportantbeginningtosa