選修1Unit3詞匯本1.por·trait

/?p??tre?t//?tr?t/n.①肖像；半身畫(huà)像；半身照 ②詳細(xì)的描述；描繪 SYNdepiction?aportraitoflifeattheFrenchcourt對(duì)法國(guó)宮廷生活的詳細(xì)描述2. land·scape

/?l?ndske?p/n./vt.n./vt.n. ①[C,usuallysing.]（陸上，尤指鄉(xiāng)村的）風(fēng)景，景色?thebleak/rugged/dramatic,etc.landscapeofthearea那個(gè)地區(qū)荒蕪的景觀(guān)、崎嶇的地貌、引人入勝的風(fēng)光等 ?anurban/industriallandscape都市╱工業(yè)景觀(guān)②[C/U]鄉(xiāng)村風(fēng)景畫(huà)；鄉(xiāng)村風(fēng)景畫(huà)的風(fēng)格?anartistfamousforhislandscapes以風(fēng)景畫(huà)聞名的畫(huà)家vt. 對(duì)…做景觀(guān)美化；給…做園林美化；美化…的環(huán)境3. wan·der

/?w?nd?(r)/v./n.v. ①漫游；游蕩；閑逛；徘徊；流浪；漂泊②~(away/off)~(from/offsth)偏離（正道）；走失；離散?Thechildwanderedoffandgotlost.那孩子走散后迷路了。=3\*GB3③~(away,back,to,etc.sth)(人的思想或想法)走神；神志恍惚；（思想）開(kāi)小差?It'seasytobedistractedandletyourattentionwander.很容易走神分散了注意力。=4\*GB3④(人的眼睛)慢慢地移開(kāi)?Hiseyeswanderedtowardsthephotographsonthewall.他的目光慢慢地移向墻上的照片。?Shelethergazewander.她東瞅瞅西望望。=5\*GB3⑤(道路或河流)蜿蜒；迂回曲折?Theroadwandersalongthroughthehills.這條路蜿蜒曲折地穿過(guò)山丘。n. ①[sing.]游蕩；溜達(dá)；閑逛；徘徊?Iwenttotheparkandhadawanderaround.我去公園轉(zhuǎn)了一圈。4. gal·leryn.

/?ɡ?l?ri/ (pl.ies) ①（藝術(shù)作品的）陳列室，展覽館；畫(huà)廊?anart/apicturegallery美術(shù)館；繪畫(huà)陳列室 ?theNationalGallery國(guó)家美術(shù)館②（大廳的）樓座，樓上旁聽(tīng)席IDIOMS習(xí)語(yǔ)1.playtothe?gallery嘩眾取寵；行為惹人注目5. can·vasn.

/?k?nv?s/n. ①[U]帆布②[C](帆布）畫(huà)布；油畫(huà) ?asaleoftheartist'searlycanvases那位畫(huà)家早期油畫(huà)的拍賣(mài)IDIOMS習(xí)語(yǔ)1.under?canvas在帳篷里6.strike

/stra?k/(struckstruck/str?k/)v./n. ①撞；碰；撞擊；碰撞?Theshipstruckarock.船觸礁了。?Thechildranintotheroadandwasstruckbyacar.孩子跑到公路上給車(chē)撞了。?Thetreewasstruckbylightning.樹(shù)遭到雷擊。②打；擊?Shestruckhimintheface.她摑了他一耳光。?Hestruckthetablewithhisfist.他用拳頭打桌子。?Whostruckthefirstblow(=startedthefight)?是誰(shuí)先動(dòng)手的？=3\*GB3③擊打，踢（球等）?Hewalkeduptothepenaltyspotandstrucktheballfirmlyintothebackofthenet.他走到罰球點(diǎn)，穩(wěn)穩(wěn)地把球踢入網(wǎng)內(nèi)。=4\*GB3④突擊；攻擊?Thelioncrouchedreadytostrike.獅子蹲身準(zhǔn)備襲擊。=5\*GB3⑤侵襲；爆發(fā)?Twodayslatertragedystruck.兩天后悲劇發(fā)生了。?Theareawasstruckbyanoutbreakofcholera.那一地區(qū)爆發(fā)了霍亂。=6\*GB3⑥(想法或念頭)(不用于進(jìn)行時(shí))突然想到；一下子想起；猛地意識(shí)到?Anawfulthoughthasjuststruckme.剛才我腦子里突然閃過(guò)一個(gè)可怕的念頭。=7\*GB3⑦~sb(assth)給（某人以…）印象；讓?zhuān)橙耍┯X(jué)得?Hisreactionstruckmeasodd.他的反應(yīng)令我詫異。=8\*GB3⑧照在…上；照射?Thewindowssparkledasthesunstrucktheglass.陽(yáng)光照得玻璃窗熠熠閃光。=9\*GB3⑨頓時(shí)使處于某狀態(tài)?tobestruckdumb/deaf/blind一時(shí)什么也說(shuō)不出╱聽(tīng)不見(jiàn)╱看不見(jiàn)=10\*GB3⑩~(forsth)?????罷工?Theunionhasvotedtostrikeforapayincreaseof6%.工會(huì)投票決定罷工，要求加薪6%。?擦，劃（火柴）；擊出（火星）?tostrikeamatchonawall在墻上擦火柴?敲；鳴；報(bào)時(shí)?Didyouheartheclockstrike?你聽(tīng)見(jiàn)鐘響了嗎？?Theclockhasjuststruckthree.時(shí)鐘剛剛敲過(guò)三點(diǎn)。?彈奏；奏響；發(fā)出（聲音）?tostrikeachordonthepiano在鋼琴上奏出和弦?開(kāi)采出；鉆探到?Theyhadstruckoil!他們開(kāi)采出了石油！?~(off/out)行進(jìn)；加勁走?Welefttheroadandstruckoffacrossthefields.我們下了公路，穿過(guò)曠野往前走。IDIOMS習(xí)語(yǔ)1.be?struckby/on/withsb/sth被某人（或某物）打動(dòng)；迷戀某人（或某物）?Iwasstruckbyheryouthandenthusiasm.她年輕熱情，把我迷住了。?We'renotverystruckonthatnewrestaurant.我們不大看得上那家新餐館。2.strikea?balance(betweenAandB)（在對(duì)立二者之間）找到折中辦法；3.strikea?bargain/?deal達(dá)成（對(duì)雙方都有利的）協(xié)議4.strike?gold打開(kāi)成功（或財(cái)富）之門(mén)；踏上通往成功（或財(cái)富）之路?Hehasstruckgoldwithhislatestnovel.他憑借最新的一部小說(shuō)叩開(kāi)了成功之門(mén)。5.strikeit?rich暴富；（意外）發(fā)大財(cái)6.strike(it)?lucky交好運(yùn)7.strikea?pose/an?attitude擺出某種姿態(tài)8.strikewhiletheironis?hot(saying)趁熱打鐵9.within?strikingdistance(ofsth)近在咫尺；在攻擊距離之內(nèi)?Thebeachiswithinstrikingdistance.海灘近在咫尺。n. ①罷工；罷課；罷市②軍事進(jìn)攻；襲擊；（尤指）空襲=3\*GB3③擊；打；踢IDIOMS習(xí)語(yǔ)1.?threestrikesandyou're?out/the?three?strikesrule三振出局法（三次犯罪即入獄的法律）7. set·tingn.

/?set??/n. ①環(huán)境；背景?arural/anideal/abeautiful/anidyllic,etc.setting鄉(xiāng)村、理想、優(yōu)美、田園等的環(huán)境②（戲劇、小說(shuō)等的）情節(jié)背景?shortstorieswithacontemporarysetting以當(dāng)代生活為背景的短篇小說(shuō)8. op·posedadj.

/??p??zd/ ①(人)強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)?Sheremainedbitterlyopposedtotheideaofmovingabroad.她仍然強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)移居國(guó)外。②(意見(jiàn)、看法等)截然不同?Ourviewsarediametricallyopposedonthisissue.在這個(gè)問(wèn)題上，我們的觀(guān)點(diǎn)大相徑庭。IDIOMS習(xí)語(yǔ)1.asopposedto(formal)(表示對(duì)比）而，相對(duì)于?200attended,asopposedto300thepreviousyear.出席的有200人，而前一年是300人。?Thisexercisedevelopssupplenessasopposedto(=ratherthan)strength.這項(xiàng)鍛煉不是增強(qiáng)力量，而是增強(qiáng)柔韌性的。9. dom·in·atev.

/?d?m?ne?t/ dom·in·ation[U]/?d?m??ne??n/n. ①支配；控制；左右；影響 ②在…中具有最重要（或明顯）的特色 ?Thetraincrashdominatedthenews.火車(chē)相撞事故成了最重要的新聞。 =3\*GB3③在…中擁有最重要的位置；俯視；高聳于 ?Thecathedraldominatesthecity.大教堂俯視全城。 =4\*GB3④（在比賽中）占有優(yōu)勢(shì)，占據(jù)主動(dòng)，控制戰(zhàn)局 ?Arsenaldominatedthefirsthalfofthematch.阿森納隊(duì)在上半場(chǎng)比賽中占據(jù)上風(fēng)。10. em·ploy

/?m?pl??/v./n.empolymentn.employern.employeen.v. ①~sb(assth)雇用?Forthepastthreeyearshehasbeenemployedasafirefighter.三年來(lái)他一直受雇當(dāng)消防員。②應(yīng)用；運(yùn)用；使用?Hecriticizedtherepressivemethodsemployedbythecountry'sgovernment.他指責(zé)了這個(gè)國(guó)家政府采取的鎮(zhèn)壓手段。IDIOMS習(xí)語(yǔ)1.beemployedindoingsth從事于，忙于（做某事）?Shewasemployedinmakingalistofallthejobstobedone.她忙著把要做的所有工作列一個(gè)清單。n. [U]IDIOMS習(xí)語(yǔ)1.insb'sem?ployintheem?ployofsb替某人工作；為某人所雇用?Helookedverygraveasheenteredtheroom.他進(jìn)屋時(shí)表情非常嚴(yán)肅。11. real·is·ticadj.

/?ri???l?st?k//?r???/①現(xiàn)實(shí)的；實(shí)際的；實(shí)事求是的?arealisticassessment實(shí)事求是的評(píng)估?Wehavetoberealisticaboutourchancesofwinning.我們必須實(shí)事求是地估計(jì)我們獲勝的可能性。=2\*GB3②明智的；恰如其分的；能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)的?Wemustsetrealisticgoals.我們必須制訂可實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)。?arealistictarget切實(shí)的目標(biāo)=3\*GB3③逼真的；栩栩如生的 OPPunrealistic ?arealisticdrawing逼真的繪畫(huà)12.es·sencen.

/?esns/es·sen·tial

adj./??sen?l/ ①[U]~(ofsth)本質(zhì)；實(shí)質(zhì)；精髓?HispaintingscapturetheessenceofFrance.他的畫(huà)描繪出法國(guó)的神韻。?Inessence,yoursituationisn'tsodifferentfrommine.從本質(zhì)上講，你我的情況并非相差很遠(yuǎn)。=2\*GB3②[U/C]香精；精油?essenceofrosewood黃檀木香精?coffee/vanilla/almondessence咖啡╱香草╱杏仁香精。IDIOMS習(xí)語(yǔ)1.ofthe?essence必不可少；非常重要?Inthissituationtimeisoftheessence在這種情況下，時(shí)間是至關(guān)重要的。13.vividadj.

/?v?v?d/ viv·id·lyadv. viv·id·nessn.[U] ①(記憶、描述等)清晰的；生動(dòng)的；逼真的 ?vividmemories清晰的記憶=2\*GB3②(光、顏色等)鮮明的；耀眼的；鮮艷的；強(qiáng)烈的?vividblueeyes碧藍(lán)的眼睛=3\*GB3③(人的想象)豐富的14. vi·sionn.

/?v??n/ ①[U]視力；視野?tohavegood/perfect/poor/blurred/normalvision視力好╱極好╱差╱模糊╱正常=2\*GB3②[C]想象；幻象?Hehadavisionofaworldinwhichtherewouldbenowars.他幻想有一個(gè)沒(méi)有戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的世界。?Ihadvisionsofusgettinghopelesslylost.我想象我們完全迷失了方向。=3\*GB3③[C]夢(mèng)幻；幻象；神示；異象?Theideacametoherinavision.她在神示中想到了這個(gè)主意。=4\*GB3④[U]想象力；眼力；遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)卓識(shí) SYNforesight?aleaderofvision有遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)的領(lǐng)袖=5\*GB3⑤[C]a~(ofsth)(literary)俊男；天仙；有…氣質(zhì)的人?Shewasavisioninwhitelace.她穿著鑲白色網(wǎng)眼紗邊的衣服美極了。?avisionofloveliness可愛(ài)的人=6\*GB3⑥[U]（電視或影院屏幕的）影像，畫(huà)面?Weapologizeforthelossofvision.很抱歉沒(méi)法顯示畫(huà)面。15. dis·play

/d??sple?/v.n.v. ①陳列；展出；展示 SYNexhibit=2\*GB3②顯示，顯露，表現(xiàn)（特性或情感等）?Ihaverarelyseenherdisplayanysignofemotion.我難得見(jiàn)到她將喜怒形于色。n. ①陳列；展覽?awindowdisplay櫥窗陳列 ?adisplaycabinet陳列柜=2\*GB3②（特性、情感或能力的）顯示，表現(xiàn)，表露?adisplayofaffection/strength/wealth愛(ài)的流露；實(shí)力的顯示；財(cái)富的炫耀16. worthy

/?w??ei/(wor·thierwor·thi·est)adj./n.adj. ①~(ofsb/sth)(formal)值得（或應(yīng)得）…的 OPPunworthy?tobeworthyofattention值得注意?Anumberofthereport'sfindingsareworthyofnote.這份報(bào)告里有些調(diào)查結(jié)果值得注意。=2\*GB3②值得尊敬的；值得注意的；值得敬仰的 SYNdeserving?Themoneyweraisewillbegoingtoaveryworthycause.我們籌集的錢(qián)款將用于非常崇高的事業(yè)。=3\*GB3③worthy(構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞)值得…的；適于…的?trustworthy值得信任的 ?roadworthy適于在公路上行駛的n. ①worthy

/?w??ei/(pl.ies)要人；大人物；知名人士?ameetingattendedbylocalworthies當(dāng)?shù)刂耸繀⒓拥臅?huì)議17. call·ingn.

/?k??l??/ ①使命感；（尤指想幫助他人的）強(qiáng)烈愿望，責(zé)任感 YNvocation??Herealizedthathiscallingwastopreachthegospel.他體悟到宣講福音是他的使命。②(formal)職業(yè)；事業(yè)18. shade

/?e?d/n./v.n. ①[U]~(ofsth)陰涼處；背陰；（樹(shù)）蔭?Wesatdownintheshadeofthewall.我們?cè)趬Ω谋酬幪幾隆?Thetemperaturecanreach40°Cintheshade.背陰處溫度可達(dá)40°C。②[C]燈罩?Iboughtanewshadeforthelamp.我給那盞燈買(mǎi)了一個(gè)新罩子。?aneyeshade遮陽(yáng)眼罩=3\*GB3③[C]~(ofsth)濃淡深淺；色度?adelicate/pale/rich/softshadeofred淡╱淺╱艷╱柔和的紅色=4\*GB3④[C,usuallypl.]~ofsth差別；不同?politiciansofallshadesofopinion持各種政見(jiàn)的政治人物?Thewordhasmanyshadesofmeaning.這個(gè)詞有很多層意思。=5\*GB3⑤ashade[sing.]一點(diǎn)；略微?Hewasfeelingashadedisappointed.他略感失望。=6\*GB3⑥shadesofsb/sth[pl.](informal)（人物、事情、時(shí)間的）痕跡，影子，遺風(fēng)?shortskirtsandlongboots—shadesofthe1960s短裙和高筒靴—20世紀(jì)60年代的余韻IDIOMS習(xí)語(yǔ)1.putsb/sthinthe?shade使（某人或事物）黯然失色；使相形見(jiàn)絀?Itriedhardbutherworkputmineintheshade.我費(fèi)很大力氣，但她的成果讓我相形見(jiàn)絀。v. ①~sb/sth(from/againststh)給…遮擋（光線(xiàn)）?Thecourtyardwasshadedbyhightrees.庭院蔭庇在大樹(shù)下。②燈罩 ?ashadedlamp有罩的燈=3\*GB3③~sth(in)把…涂暗；畫(huà)陰影?Whatdotheshadedareasonthemaprepresent?地圖上顏色深的部分代表什么？?I'mgoingtoshadethispartin.我要把這一部分畫(huà)得再暗一些。19. bathe

v./be?e/①用水清洗（尤指身體部位）?Bathethewoundandapplyacleandressing.清洗傷口，再用潔凈敷料包扎。②洗澡=3\*GB3③（到海、河等中）游泳消遣=4\*GB3④~sth(insth)(literary)（以光線(xiàn)）撒滿(mǎn)，覆蓋；使沐浴（在光線(xiàn)里）?Themoonbathedthecountrysideinasilverlight.月光下的鄉(xiāng)村沐浴在一片銀輝之中。20. wage

/we?d?/n./v.n. ①（通常指按周領(lǐng)的）工資，工錢(qián)v. ①~sth(against/onsb/sth)開(kāi)始，發(fā)動(dòng)，進(jìn)行，繼續(xù)（戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、戰(zhàn)斗等）?Therebelshavewagedaguerrillawarsince2001.反叛者自2001年以來(lái)一直進(jìn)行游擊戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。21. archi·tec·turen.

/?ɑ?k?tekt??(r)/ archi·tec·turaladj.

/?ɑ?k??tekt??r?l/ ①[U]建筑學(xué) ?tostudyarchitecture學(xué)習(xí)建筑學(xué)②[U]建筑設(shè)計(jì)；建筑風(fēng)格?thearchitectureoftheeighteenthcentury十八世紀(jì)的建筑風(fēng)格?modernarchitecture現(xiàn)代建筑設(shè)計(jì)22. toast

/t??st/n./v.n. ①[U]烤面包片；吐司②[C]~(tosb/sth)干杯；祝酒；敬酒 ?I'dliketoproposeatoasttothebrideandgroom.我提議為新娘新郎干杯。?Themitteedrankatoasttothenewproject.委員會(huì)為這項(xiàng)新計(jì)劃干杯。③[sing.]the~of...（在某領(lǐng)域）廣受贊譽(yù)的人，有口皆碑的人?Theperformancemadeherthetoastofthefestival.她的演出使她在藝術(shù)節(jié)中備受推崇。IDIOMS習(xí)語(yǔ)1.be?toast(informal)(especiallyNAmE)會(huì)死；要完蛋?Onemistakeandyou'retoast.要是出一次錯(cuò)，你就完了。v. ①為…舉杯敬酒；為…干杯?Thehappycoupleweretoastedinchampagne.人們舉起香檳酒為這對(duì)幸福的伉儷干杯。?Wetoastedthesuccessofthenewpany.我們?yōu)樾鹿镜某晒Ω杀?。②烤（尤指面包）；把…烤得焦黃 astedsandwich烤過(guò)的三明治③烤火；取暖；使暖和23. ar·rangev.

/??re?nd?/arrangementn. ①安排；籌備?Wemetatsix,asarranged.我們按時(shí)在六點(diǎn)鐘碰面。②整理；排列；布置?Thebooksarearrangedalphabeticallybyauthor.這些書(shū)是按作者姓名字母順序排列的。③~sth(forsth)譜寫(xiě)，改編（樂(lè)曲）?Hearrangedtraditionalfolksongsforthepiano.他把傳統(tǒng)民歌改編成鋼琴曲。24. raw

/r??/adj./n. raw·ness[U]n.adj. ①(食物)生的；未烹制的；未煮的 ?rawmeat生肉 ②(材料)未經(jīng)加工的；自然狀態(tài)的 ?rawsugar原糖③(信息)未經(jīng)處理的；未經(jīng)分析的；原始的?Thisinformationisonlyrawdataandwillneedfurtheranalysis.這些資料只是原始數(shù)據(jù)，還需要進(jìn)一步進(jìn)行分析。=4\*GB3④工作生疏的；不熟練的；無(wú)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的 ?arawbeginner沒(méi)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的新手=5\*GB3⑤寒冷的；嚴(yán)寒的 ?arawnorthwind寒冷的北風(fēng)=6\*GB3⑥真實(shí)的；反映真實(shí)情況的?arawportrayalofworkingclasslife工人階級(jí)生活的真實(shí)寫(xiě)照IDIOMS習(xí)語(yǔ)1.araw?deal不公平的待遇；不公正的對(duì)待?Olderworkersoftengetarawdeal.年紀(jì)大的工人經(jīng)常受到不公正的對(duì)待。n. IDIOMS習(xí)語(yǔ)1.catch/touchsbonthe?raw (BrE)觸到某人的痛處；揭某人的瘡疤2.inthe?raw 質(zhì)樸的；不加掩飾的?Hespentacoupleofmonthsonthestreetstoexperiencelifeintheraw.他花了幾個(gè)月時(shí)間走街串巷，體驗(yàn)真實(shí)的生活。25. scroll

/skr??l/n./v.n. ①（供書(shū)寫(xiě)的）長(zhǎng)卷紙，卷軸v. ①(計(jì))滾屏；滾動(dòng)?Usethearrowkeystoscrollthroughthelistoffiles.用箭頭鍵把文件目錄滾動(dòng)一遍。26.in·sightn.

/??nsa?t/①[U](approving)洞察力；領(lǐng)悟?awriterofgreatinsight有深刻洞察力的作家②[CU]~(intosth)洞悉；了解?ThebookgivesusfascinatinginsightsintolifeinMexico.這本書(shū)生動(dòng)表現(xiàn)墨西哥的生活。27.crop

/kr?p/n./v.n. ①[C]莊稼；作物?croprotation/production/yield農(nóng)作物輪作╱生產(chǎn)╱產(chǎn)量②[C]（谷物、水果等一季的）收成，產(chǎn)量 SYNharvest?afallinthisyear'scoffeecrop今年咖啡產(chǎn)量的下降?Wearelookingforwardtoabumpercrop(=averylargeone).我們期盼著大豐收。=3\*GB3③[sing.]a~ofsth（同時(shí)做某事的）一群人，一批人；（同時(shí)發(fā)生的）一些事情?thecurrentcropoftrainees現(xiàn)在的這批實(shí)習(xí)生?Sheisreallythecreamofthecrop(=thebestinhergroup).她的確是那批人中的精英。?acropofdisasters/injuries一連串的災(zāi)難╱傷害=4\*GB3④[C]短發(fā)v. ①剪短 ?closelycroppedhair剪得很短的頭發(fā)②啃吃（青草或其他植物上面的部分）=3\*GB3③(植物)有收成?Thepotatoescroppedwellthisyear.今年馬鈴薯豐收。=4\*GB3④種地；種莊稼?Therivervalleyisintensivelycropped.河谷里種滿(mǎn)了莊稼。PHRASALVERBS短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞1.?crop?up（尤指意外地）出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生 SYNeup?Hisnamejustcroppedupinconversation.交談時(shí)無(wú)意中就提到了他的名字。?I'llbelate—something'scroppedupathome.我要晚一點(diǎn)來(lái)，家里突然出了點(diǎn)事。29. windv.

/wa?nd/(woundwound/wa?nd/)①[+adv./prep.](路、河等)蜿蜒；曲折而行；迂回?Thepathwounddowntothebeach.這條小路彎彎曲曲通向海灘。?Theriverwindsitswaybetweentwomeadows.這條河蜿蜒流經(jīng)兩個(gè)牧場(chǎng)之間。②[VN+adv./prep.]卷纏；纏繞；繞成團(tuán)?Hewoundthewoolintoaball.他把毛線(xiàn)纏繞成一團(tuán)。=3\*GB3③~(sth)(up)給（鐘表等）上發(fā)條；通過(guò)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)把手等操作；可上發(fā)條；可通過(guò)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)把手（等）操作?Hehadforgottentowindhiswatch.他忘了給表上發(fā)條了。=4\*GB3④~(sth)forward/back卷繞，倒（磁帶、膠卷等）?Hewoundthetapebacktothebeginning.他把磁帶倒到了開(kāi)頭。=5\*GB3⑤轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)（把手）?Youoperatethetrapdoorbywindingthishandle.你要轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)這個(gè)手柄來(lái)操縱活動(dòng)天窗。PHRASALVERBS短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞1.?wind?down(1)(人)喘口氣；喘息一下 (2)(機(jī)器)慢下來(lái)后停住2.?windsth.←→?down(1)使（業(yè)務(wù)、活動(dòng)等）逐步結(jié)束?Thegovernmentiswindingdownitsnuclearprogramme.政府在逐步取消核計(jì)劃。 (2)把（汽車(chē)窗玻璃等）搖下?CanIwindmywindowdown?我可以把我這邊的窗戶(hù)搖下來(lái)嗎？3.?wind?up(informal)(人)以…告終（或終結(jié)）?Ialwayssaidhewouldwindupinprison.我以前一直說(shuō)他終歸要進(jìn)班房。?Weeventuallywoundupstayinginalittlehotelafewmilesfromtown.我們最后在離城幾英里的一家小旅館里落腳。?Ifyoutakeriskslikethatyou'llwindupdead.你要是冒那種險(xiǎn)就會(huì)把命賠上。4.?wind?up?/windsth.←→?up結(jié)束（講話(huà)、會(huì)議等）?Thespeakerwasjustwindingupwhenthedoorwasflungopen.演講者剛要結(jié)束講話(huà)時(shí)門(mén)突然被推開(kāi)了。?Ifweallagree,let'swindupthediscussion.如果我們大家都同意，咱們就結(jié)束討論吧。5.?windsb.←→?up(BrEinformal)惹…生氣；戲弄?Thatcan'tbetrue!You'rewindingmeup.那不會(huì)是真的！你在故意氣我。6.?windsth.←→?up(1)關(guān)閉（公司、企業(yè)等）；停止?fàn)I業(yè) (2)把（汽車(chē)窗玻璃等）搖上30.sail

/se?l/v./n.v. ①(船或船上的人)（船）航行；（人）乘船航行?tosailintoharbour駛?cè)牒８邰?alsogosailing)駕駛（或乘坐）帆船航行（尤指作為體育運(yùn)動(dòng)）?Wespenttheweekendsailingoffthesouthcoast.我們?cè)谀喜亢０陡浇{帆船度過(guò)了周末。=3\*GB3③起航?Wesailat2p.m.tomorrow.我們明天下午兩點(diǎn)起航。=4\*GB3④掠；飄；浮游；（人）昂首而行，氣宇軒昂地走?cloudssailingacrossthesky飄過(guò)天空的云彩?Theballsailedoverthegoalie'shead.球從守門(mén)員頭頂飛過(guò)。PHRASALVERBS短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞1.?sail?through(sth)順利通過(guò)（考試等）n. ①[C/U]帆 ?ashipundersail(=usingsails)張帆行駛的船 ②[sing.]乘船航行?Wewentforasail.我們乘船兜了一趟風(fēng)。IDIOMS習(xí)語(yǔ)1.set?sail(from/for...)(formal)起航；開(kāi)航?alinersettingsailfromNewYork自紐約起航的郵輪?Wesetsail(forFrance)athightide.我們?cè)跐q潮時(shí)起航（前往法國(guó)）。31. ap·par·entadj.

/??p?r?nt/apparentlyadv.①~(fromsth)(that...)~(tosb)(that...)顯而易見(jiàn)；明白易懂；顯然?Then,fornoapparentreason,thetrainsuddenlystopped.接著，不知什么原因，火車(chē)突然停了下來(lái)。 ②貌似的；表面上的；未必真實(shí)的 SYNseeming?Myparentswereconcernedatmyapparentlackofenthusiasmforschool.我看來(lái)對(duì)上學(xué)不感興趣，使父母擔(dān)心。32. per·spec·tiven.

/p??spekt?v/ ①[C]~(onsth)態(tài)度；觀(guān)點(diǎn)；思考方法 SYNviewpoint?Trytoseetheissuefromadifferentperspective.試以不同的角度看待這件事。②[U]客觀(guān)判斷力；權(quán)衡輕重的能力?Trytokeeptheseissuesinperspective.要盡量恰當(dāng)?shù)靥幚磉@些問(wèn)題。=3\*GB3③[U]透視法?Welearnthowtodrawbuildingsinperspective.我們學(xué)習(xí)如何用透視法畫(huà)建筑物。=4\*GB3④[C]景觀(guān)；遠(yuǎn)景?aperspectiveofthewholevalley山谷全景33. pre·ciseadj.

/pr??sa?s/preciselyadv.precisionn.①準(zhǔn)確的；確切的；精確的；明確的 SYNexact?precisedetails/instructions/measurements確切的細(xì)節(jié)；明確的指令；精確的尺寸②[onlybeforenoun]（強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間或方式等）就，恰好?Wewerejusttalkingaboutherwhen,atthatprecisemoment,shewalkedin.我們正談?wù)撝『迷谶@個(gè)時(shí)候，她走進(jìn)來(lái)了。=3\*GB3③細(xì)致的；精細(xì)的；認(rèn)真的；一絲不茍的?askilledandpreciseworker熟練而認(rèn)真的工人 ?small,precisemovements細(xì)微的動(dòng)作IDIOMS習(xí)語(yǔ)1.tobe(more)pre?cise確切地說(shuō)；準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō)?Theshelfisaboutametrelong—well,98cm,tobeprecise.架子長(zhǎng)約一米。嗯，精確地說(shuō)，是98厘米。34.am·bi·tiousadj.

/?m?b???s/am·bi·tious·lyadv. ambitionn. ①有野心的；有雄心的?afiercelyambitiousyoungmanager雄心勃勃的年輕經(jīng)理?Theywereveryambitiousfortheirchildren.他們望子成龍心切。=2\*GB3②費(fèi)力的；耗資的；耗時(shí)的?thegovernment'sambitiousplansforsocialreform政府耗資巨大的社會(huì)改革計(jì)劃35.enor·mousadj.

/??n??m?s/①巨大的；龐大的；極大的 SYNhuge/immense?anenormoushouse/dog巨大的房子；大狗 ?anenormousamountoftime大量的時(shí)間?enormousinterest濃厚的興趣?TheproblemsfacingthePresidentareenormous.總統(tǒng)面臨的問(wèn)題是巨大的。36. ·pre·hen·sive

adj./?k?mpr??hens?v/ ·pre·hen·sive·ness[U]n. ①全部的；所有的；（幾乎）無(wú)所不包的；詳盡的 SYNplete/full?prehensivestudy全面的研究?prehensiveinsurance(=coveringallrisks)綜合保險(xiǎn)②(BrE)(教育)綜合性的（接收各種資質(zhì)的學(xué)生）37. cloth·ingn.

/?kl??e??/[U] ①衣服；（尤指某種）服裝?protectiveclothing防護(hù)服?thehighcostoffoodandclothing衣食的昂貴費(fèi)用?anitem/articleofclothing一件衣服38. tem·plen.

/?templ/①（非基督教的）廟宇，寺院，神殿，圣堂?aBuddhist/Hindu/Sikhtemple佛教╱印度教╱錫克教廟宇②太陽(yáng)穴；鬢角；顳颥；顳部?Hehadblackhair,greyingatthetemples.他的頭發(fā)是黑色的，但兩鬢已見(jiàn)斑白。39. struc·ture

/?str?kt??(r)/v./n. struc·turaladj.

/?str?kt??r?l/v. ①~sth(aroundsth)使形成體系；系統(tǒng)安排；精心組織?Theexhibitionisstructuredaroundthethemesofworkandleisure.展覽是圍繞工作與休閑的主題來(lái)布置的。n. ①[U/C]結(jié)構(gòu)；構(gòu)造?thestructureofthebuilding這座建筑物的結(jié)構(gòu) ?asalarystructure工資結(jié)構(gòu)②[C]結(jié)構(gòu)體；（尤指）建筑物?astone/brick/woodenstructure石╱磚╱木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑物=3\*GB3③[U/C]精心組織；周密安排；體系?Youressayneeds(a)structure.你這篇文章組織不好。40. crit·icn.

/?kr?t?k/ criticizev.criticismn. ①批評(píng)家；評(píng)論家；評(píng)論員②批評(píng)者；挑剔的人41. in·spec·tionn.

/?n?spek?n/[U/C]inspectv.inspectorn. ①視察?Regularinspectionsarecarriedoutattheprison.經(jīng)常有人來(lái)視察這座監(jiān)獄。?Theheadwentonatourofinspectionofalltheclassrooms.校長(zhǎng)巡視了所有教室。②檢查；查看；審視 SYNexamination?Thedocumentsareavailableforinspection.這些文件可供查看。42. ex·posev.

/?k?sp??z/exposuren.①暴露；顯露；露出 SYNreveal?Hesmiledsuddenly,exposingasetofamazinglywhiteteeth.他突然一笑，露出一口雪白的牙齒。②揭露；揭穿 ?Shewasexposedasaliarandafraud.她說(shuō)謊和欺騙的面目被揭穿了。=3\*GB3③~sb/sth/yourself(tosth)使面臨，使遭受（危險(xiǎn)或不快）?toexposeyourselftoridicule讓自己受到嘲笑?Donotexposebabiestostrongsunlight.不要讓嬰孩受到強(qiáng)烈的陽(yáng)光照射。=4\*GB3④~sbtosth使接觸；使體驗(yàn)?Wewanttoexposethekidstoasmuchartandcultureaspossible.我們想讓孩子們受到盡可能多的藝術(shù)和文化熏陶。=5\*GB3⑤照相機(jī)膠片曝光43. pol·it·icaladj.

/p??l?t?kl/politicsn.politiciann.①政治的；政府的；政權(quán)的②政黨的；黨派的=3\*GB3③(人)關(guān)心政治的；政治上活躍的。=4\*GB3④爭(zhēng)權(quán)奪利的；人事糾紛的?Isuspectthathewasdismissedforpoliticalreasons.我懷疑他被解職是人事上的原因。44. cri·sisn.

/?kra?s?s/(pl.cri·ses/?si?z/)①危機(jī)；危急關(guān)頭②危難時(shí)刻；病危期45. de·cline

/d??kla?n/n./v.n. ①~(insth)~(ofsth)（數(shù)量、價(jià)值、質(zhì)量等的）減少，下降，衰落，衰退?IndustryinBritainhasbeenindeclinesincethe1970s.英國(guó)工業(yè)自20世紀(jì)70年代以來(lái)一直在走下坡路。?arapid/sharp/gradualdecline迅速╱急劇╱逐漸下降v. ①減少；下降；衰弱；衰退?Herhealthwasdecliningrapidly.她的健康狀況迅速惡化。②(formal)謝絕；婉言拒絕 SYNrefuse?todeclineanoffer/invitation謝絕對(duì)方的主動(dòng)幫助╱邀請(qǐng)IDIOMS習(xí)語(yǔ)1.sb'sdeclining?years(literary)暮年；晚年46. over·throw/???v??θr??/(over·threw/??θru?/over·thrown/??θr??n/)v./n.v. ①推翻；打倒；趕下臺(tái)?Thepresidentwasoverthrowninamilitarycou