安徽省2015屆高三備考能力綜合提升

名師講義

英語

主編：志誠名師網(wǎng)校

目錄

專題一情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語氣2

專題二任務(wù)型讀寫6

專題三動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)13

專題四書面表達(dá)17

專題五非謂語動(dòng)詞19

專題六閱讀理解31

專題七復(fù)合句48

專題八完形填空63

參編人員及簡介：

專題一、專題二：杜敏，合肥一中骨干教師。

專題三、專題四：徐丹，合肥六中骨干教師。

專題五、專題六：王莉，合肥六中英語大組組長。

專題七、專題八：周紅，合肥六中骨干教師。

專題一：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語氣

《考試說明》的內(nèi)容及要求

命題者常常利用語境和句子之間意義上的細(xì)微差別來考查考生對情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的理解和掌

握，難度也保持較為穩(wěn)定的趨勢。近年來高考主要測試情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示推

測和判斷的語義差別，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后接不定式完成式的不同意義，以及情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在虛擬語氣中的

運(yùn)用。

根據(jù)近幾年的統(tǒng)計(jì)分析，高考對情態(tài)動(dòng)詞考查的熱點(diǎn)依次是：

⑴推測和可能性；

⑵“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have+done”結(jié)構(gòu)；

⑶虛擬語氣；

⑷shall,should,can和must表示特定語氣。

近五年安徽高考考點(diǎn)分布及命題趨勢

安徽省近五年考點(diǎn)主要分布在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本內(nèi)涵已經(jīng)對過去事實(shí)的推測，同時(shí)結(jié)合虛

擬語氣考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。從命題的趨勢來看，這幾年分別考察了對虛擬語氣將來相反的從句結(jié)

構(gòu)的考察：對真真假假型虛擬語氣的考察等。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是每年高考必考的語法項(xiàng)目之一。

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法復(fù)雜多變，在高考試題中占的比重一直比較穩(wěn)定，每年一至兩個(gè)題，可以

單獨(dú)考查,也可以結(jié)合虛擬語氣考查。

一輪復(fù)習(xí)中存在的問題

一輪復(fù)習(xí)中學(xué)生主要存在以下問題：

1）對情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本概念不清，或者近幾年?？嫉囊旰x不太了解。

2）對語境的把握不好。

3）虛擬語氣中學(xué)生對其基本從句結(jié)構(gòu)容易記混淆，還有一些常見的動(dòng)詞或從句要用虛

擬的不能分清。

教學(xué)重點(diǎn)與教學(xué)策略

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞教學(xué)重點(diǎn)放在其基本含義及用法，以及近兒年?？嫉囊旰x；還要充分利用

高考試題所設(shè)置的語境來分析句子之間所體現(xiàn)的特殊關(guān)系，同時(shí)認(rèn)真區(qū)別具有相同功能的、

意思相近的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法，并結(jié)合虛擬語氣的語境去領(lǐng)悟它們的用法特征。

對于虛擬語氣，考生要掌握在各種句式、隱含、混合等句中虛擬語氣的用法，以及情態(tài)動(dòng)

詞的選擇，虛擬語氣在條件句中、在名詞性從句中、在簡單句中或在日常交際中的基本用法

等。

教學(xué)策略是演繹法，對比法，講練結(jié)合。

專題教學(xué)主要內(nèi)容

一、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法

can

1.1canswim

2.一CanItakethebookoutofthelibrary?

—Yes,youcan.

3.Hecanbeverynaughtysometimes.

4.Howcanyoutreatmelikethat?（toshowsurprise）

can常用的固定搭配

5.Wecant'betoocarefulwfiilecrossingthestreet.（越。。。越好）

6.1can'tbutadmirehiscourage.（不得不）

7.Hecan'thelplaughing.（禁不住做）

2

Iwillnevertalktohimagain.

NomatterwhatIsaid,hewouldn'tlisten.

2）表示征求意見和提出請求

Will/Wouldyoupleaseopenthewindow?

3）表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作、固有屬性、必然趨勢，意為“總是，習(xí)慣于"will指現(xiàn)在，would指過

去。

Hewouldsitthereforhours,doingnothing.

Fishwilldiewithoutwater.

4）表示一種傾向性，意為“行，能”常用于否定句。

Thedoorwon'topen.

Itriedtoopenthedoor,butitwouldn'topen.

need/dare

Youneedn'tfinishtheworknow.

Thebikeneedsreparingnow.

注意體會(huì)need兼有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞的區(qū)別dare也是如此。

二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特殊用法

高考常?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞以下特殊用法：

（l）couldhavedone表示過去本可以做而實(shí)際上未做的事情；

should/shouldn't/oughtn'ttohavedone表示過去本（不）應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際上未做（己做）的事

情；

neednthavedone表示過去本不必做而實(shí)際上做了的事情；

（2）shouldhavedone表示竟然一經(jīng)做了的事情；

（3）will表示傾向性時(shí)的用法；

⑷must表示非得要做某事，意為“偏偏”、“偏要”;

⑸shall用于第二、三人稱表示命令、請求、允諾等。

三：虛擬語氣中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法

虛擬語氣用來表示說話人的士觀愿望或假想，常結(jié)合非真實(shí)條件句,表示的是假設(shè)的或?qū)?/p>

際可能性不大的情況。高考對虛擬語氣的考查主要包含：

⑴條件句中虛擬語氣的用法：

與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反

ifdid,would/could/mightdo

與過去相反

ifhaddone^ould/could/mighthavedone

與將來相反

ifdid/wereto/should,would/could/mightdo

同時(shí)要提醒學(xué)生，虛擬條件從句中，if可省略，從句中的助動(dòng)詞，were,或者情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提

前。

切記：否定詞not不可提前。

egHadInotworkedthatate,Iwouldhave

（2）賓語從句中虛擬語氣的用法:英語中，主句謂語含有以下表示請求、要求、命令或建議等意

義的動(dòng)詞接賓語從句，如:advise,ask,demand,insist（堅(jiān)決要求）,order,request,suggest（建議）等,

所接的賓語從句一般用虛擬語氣，其結(jié)構(gòu)為（should）+動(dòng)詞原形。

⑶虛擬語氣在wish,woulcrather,wouldprefer（希望）等后接的賓語從句中的用法:若表示現(xiàn)在

或?qū)硪瞿呈?則從句謂語動(dòng)詞需用一般過去時(shí);若表示過去已經(jīng)做的事，則從句謂語動(dòng)詞

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要用過去完成時(shí)。

⑷方式狀語從句中虛擬語氣的用法:asif,asthough引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句常用虛擬語氣

發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，從句謂語用had+過去分詞;與主句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，從句謂語用過去

時(shí)(be用were);發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之后時(shí),從句謂語用would/could/might/should+動(dòng)詞原形。

精講例題

1.—ShallIinformhimofthechangeoftheschedulerightnow?

福建]

—Iamafraidyouzincasehecomeslateforthemeeting.[2011

A.willB.mustC.mayD.can

2-Whydidn'tyoucometoSimon'spartylastnight?

-Iwantto,butmymomsimplynotletmeoutsolateatnight.[2011重慶]

A.couldB.mightC.wouldD.should

3Ifyougo,atleastwaituntilthestormisover.[2011遼寧]

A.canB.mayC.mustD.will

4—Pityyoumissedthelectureonnuclearpollution.

—Iit,butIwasbusypreparingforajobinterview.[2011

A.attendedB.hadattended

C.wouldattendD.wouldhaveattended

5.WeJohn'snarreontheracelistyesterdaybutforhisrecentinjury.[2011江西]

A.willputB.willhaveput

C.wouldputD.wouldhaveput

6)Imyselfmore-itwasaperfectday.

A.shouldn'thaveenjoyedB.needn'thaveenjoyed

C.wouldn'thaveenjoyedD.couldn'thaveenjoyed

7)Mymomsuggeststhatweeatoutsideforachangethisweekend.

A.shouldB.mightC.couldD.would

8)Gracedoesn'twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshethere,shewouldn'

tbeabletoseeherparentsveryoften.

A.livesB.wouldliveC.haslivedD.weretolive

9)-Wherearethechildren?Thedinner'sgoingtobecompletelyruined.

-1wishtheyalwayslate.

A.weren'tB.hadn'tbeen

C.wouldntbeD.wouldn'thavebeen

10.Weaswellstayathomesinceit'ssnowingoutside.

A.canB.mustC.mightD.should

11.(2011陜西卷)24.—Willyoureadmeastory,Mummy?

--OK.Youhaveoneifyougotobedassoonaspossible.

A.mightB.mustC.couldD.shall

12.Thedooropen,nomatterhowhardshepushed.

A.shouldn,tB.couldn't

C.wouldn'tD.mightn't

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專題二任務(wù)型讀寫

《考試說明》的內(nèi)容及要求

安徽高考英語任務(wù)型讀寫，作為一種綜合考杳閱讀和寫作能力的題型，要

求考生在認(rèn)真閱讀所給短文（300詞左右）的基礎(chǔ)上，對短文中的有效信息進(jìn)行篩選、整合

和綜合概括，并根據(jù)表格設(shè)計(jì)要求，在每個(gè)空格里填寫一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。

近五年安徽高考考點(diǎn)分布及命題趨勢

自從09年安徽省啟用任務(wù)型閱讀這個(gè)新題型后，應(yīng)該是這幾年的任務(wù)型的難度逐年增

加，主要考點(diǎn)集中在三種類型上，通常是4個(gè)左右原詞，3-4個(gè)詞匯互換或表達(dá)重新整合，

另外會(huì)有1-2個(gè)歸納總結(jié),

一輪復(fù)習(xí)中存在的問題

一輪復(fù)習(xí)中任務(wù)型閱讀學(xué)生暴露出的問題主要為以下幾點(diǎn)：

1、心態(tài)問題，在做完前面的五篇閱讀之后感到比紋疲勞。

2、基本功不扎實(shí)，表現(xiàn)在詞性互換上，單詞拼不準(zhǔn)確；句式轉(zhuǎn)換上不會(huì)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。

3、概況總結(jié)的能力不夠，還有不知道如何用恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~歸納。

教學(xué)重點(diǎn)與教學(xué)策略

教學(xué)重點(diǎn)

1.提高學(xué)生快速掃讀的能力。

2.教會(huì)其常見的基本變換模式和概況總結(jié)的詞匯。

3.學(xué)會(huì)如何檢查復(fù)習(xí)。

教學(xué)策略：

精講精練、演繹法、歸納法

專題教學(xué)主要內(nèi)容

Beforereading

Whilereading

Afterreading

l.Readtherequirements（wordlimit）

在空格里填入最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，每空格1詞.

2Readthediagram

Analyzeitsstructureandthecontent

?Findouttherequirementoftheblanks

?Payattentiontotheagreementofthe

parallelstructures（平行結(jié)構(gòu)）aswellasthespelling.

考綱示例

Title:BlooddriveatCivicCenter

6

l)NumberofpeoplewhodonatedbloodAbout_______

3)_____inthemedicaltest

Reasonswhypartofpeopledidn'tgiveblood

Waitingtoolong

Filloutthedonorregistrationandscreening

form

process.Waitfortheir(4)________togiveblood

?Giveblood

(5)____ofbloodonepersongivesOnepinta:atime

■Don'tliftheavythingswithin12hours

?Leavethepressurebandageonfor2~3

(6)___________________________forpeoplehours

whohavegivenblood?⑺______smokingfornotlessthan30

minutes

?Don*tperformanylaboriousactivityfor

a(8)______day

People,s(9)_________towardsthe

blooddriveEnthusiastic,positiveandconcerned

(10)________________________?Savingotherpeople'slives

ofdonatingblood?Contributingtoamoreharmonioussociety

WhileReading

1Readthepassage(withthehelpofthediagram)

Findoutthemainideaofthepassageaswellaseachparagraph

Finishthedirectinformationexercisesatthesametime.

Underlinetheinformationsentencesandthekeywords.

2Reorganizeinformation

Usethecorrectformofthewordfromthepassage.

Sometimesyouneedtouseanotherwordtoexpressthesimilarmeaning.

Howtouseaproperwordtoexpressasimilarmeaning.

Usethecorrectformofthewordfromthepassage.

Useanotherwordtoexpressthesimilarmeaning.

Expressthemeaninginanotherway.

Makeaconclusionaccordingtothemeaningoftheinformation.

(1)Changethepartsofthespeech

(詞性的轉(zhuǎn)換)

eg:WithoutvitaminB,wecouldbeweakandwouldnotgrowfast.

-*TheproblemscausedbylackofvitaminBareandslowgrowth.

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（2）Usesynonymsorantonyms

（同義詞或反義詞）

①M(fèi)ostworkerswereinfavorofthedecision.

-Mostworkersthedecision.

②Shedidn'tpasstheexam.

—Shetheexam.

（3）Useprefixandsuffix（前綴和后綴）

①M(fèi)anypeoplelosttheirhouses.

一Manypeoplebecame.

②Theladywasnothappy.

—-Theladywas.

（4）Changethestructuresofthesentences

（句型轉(zhuǎn)換）

TheremainingparthitstheSouthAtlantic

at200timesthespeecofsound.

-*OnepiecehitstheSouthAtlanticataspeed200timesofsound.

5）Paraphrase（釋義）

FootprintsareoneofthefewpiecesofhardevidencesupportingtheideathatthereisYeti.

fFootprintsareoneofthefewpiecesofhardevidencetha:supporttheofYeti（雪人）

1.Peoplewhodon'tgetenoughvitaminAcan'tseewellinthedark.

ofvitaminAcausespeopleunabletoseewellatnight.

vitaminAcausespeopleunabletoseewellatnight.

2.Thepolicesaythismurderandtheonethatwascommittedlastmontharemuchalike.

Thepolicesaytherearesomebetweenthismurderandtheonethatwas

committedlastmonth.

3.30percentsaidtheirworkinghoursweretoolongandinflexible.

30%saidtheytoomuchtimeintheofficeandtheworkinghourswereinflexible.

4.0neofthegoalistomakesurethateveryonecanbesuppliedwithfreshdrinkingwater

Oneofthegoalistoensurethatfreshdrinkingwateristoeveryone.

5.ThemeninChinaarewidelyaffectedbybadlivinghabits,ignoranceofmentalandph/sical

healthissuesandalackofexercise

MeninChinaarewidelyaffectedbybadlivinghabits,alackofaboutmentaland

physicalhealthissues,andalackofexercise.

6.Mendoesnotlivelongerthanwomeningeneral.

Menhaveshorterlifewithwomeningeneral.

（6）Concludefromthecontext

?E-mailhaschangedthespeedwithwhichweexchangeinformation.Inminutes,youcan

contactanotherpersonwhosharesyourhobby.

-*E-mailhasalsoenabledustoexchangeinformationat_higherspeedthantraditional

communicativemethods.

常用的歸納性詞匯

Thenarration（記敘文）

1.表時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件、內(nèi)容

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time,place,people/character,event,content

2.表姓名、性別、年齡的

name,age,sex

3.表國家、國籍的

country,nationality

4.表原因、結(jié)果的

.cause/reason,result

5.表影響,因素的

effects/influences,factor

6.表費(fèi)用的cost

7.表活動(dòng)、成就的activity,achievement

Theargumentation似論文）

常用概括性詞

1.表觀點(diǎn)、主題的

opinion/idea,topic

2.表態(tài)度的attitude

3.表特點(diǎn)的characteristics/features

4.表優(yōu)、缺點(diǎn)、好處的

advantages,disadvantages,benefits

5.表目的、目標(biāo)的purposes/aims,goals

6.表措施、方法的

solutions/measures,ways/methods

7.表結(jié)論的conclusion/summary

Theexposition（說明文）

1.表Fl的的purposes/aims

2.表材料、功能的material,function

3.表過程、步驟的process/steps

4.表措施、方法的

solutionstodoingmeasures,ways/methodsofdoingwaystodosth

5.表特點(diǎn)的characteristics/features

6.表建議的advice/suggestions/tips

7.表定義的definition>conceptsmeaning

8.表范圍、種類的range,types/varieties

9.表異同的differences,similarities

Title:inToday*sChildren

MaincomparisonsContexts

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MaincomparisonsContexts

DifferentChildreninthepastjustdidwhattheywere

behaviorssupposedto.

Childrentodayactasiftheywereadults

DifferentChildreninthepastneverexperienced

depression

Sometimessadnesshappenstochildrentoday

DifferentChildreninthepast:inagradualandguided

togetknowledgeprocess

Childrennowadays:bywatchingTVwithout

contiol

AfterReading

Checkcarefullyandcorrectthemistakesifany.

Spelling

Verbform（partsofspeech）

Word-limit

Capitalletter

Singleorpluralnoun

Sentencestructureandlogicalrelation

Iftherearemanychoices,v/e'dbetterbefaithfultothepessage.

精講例題

Whendifficultpeopleexpressthemselvesorally,theygenerallywantatleasttwothings:

they,vebeenheardandthey*vebeenunderstood.Asagoodcommunicatorshouldbeagood

listener,fivestepsareadvocatedtowardgoodlistening.

Thefirststepiscooperating（合作）.Howdoesadifficultpersonknowthatyou'relistening

andunderstanding?Infact,it'sthroughthewayyoulookandsoundwhileheistalking.Youmay

helphimtofullyexpresshisthoughtsandfeelings.Youdothisbynoddingyourheadinagree-

ment,makingcertainsoundsofunderstanding.

Whenthepersonbeginstorepeatwhat'sbeensaid,ifsasignalofsteptwo:turningback.

Itmeansthatyourepeatsomewordsheisusing,sendingaclearsignalthatyou,velistening

carefullyandthatyouthinkwhatheissayingisimportant.

Havingheardwhathehastosay,thenextstepisclarifying.Atthispoint,youstarttogatherin-

formationaboutwhatisbeingcommunicated.Asksomeopen-endedquestions,whichwillallow

youtofigureoutwhatintentionheishopingtosatisfy.

Thefourthstepistosummarize（概括）whatyou'veheard.Thisallowsyoutomakesurethat

bothyouandthedifficultpersonareonthesamepage.Whenyoudothis,twothingshappen.

First,ifyou'vemissedsomething,hecanfillinthedetail（細(xì)節(jié)）.Secondyou'veshownthatyou'

remakinganefforttouncerstandcompletely.Thisincreasespossibilityofgainingcooperation

fromhim.

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Havinglistenedcarefully,you'venowarrivedatthepointofconfirmingwiththeperson

thathefeelssatisfiedthatthisthoughtshavebeenfullyvoiced.Askifhefeelsunderstood.

Thenenoughsincerelistening,questioning,andrememberingarebroughttogether,under-

standingisusuallyachievedandadifficultpersonbecomeslessdifficultandmorecooperative.

Topic(76)________tounderstand

Difficultpeoplehopetiieyhavebeenheardand(77)when(heyexpress

Reason

themselves

(79)________inagreementandmakesomesoundsofunderstandingwhilea

difficultpersonisspeaking

Repeatsome(80)________thatyoahaveheard

(78)________onlisteningCollectinformationabouttheperson'sexpressionsandfindhis(81)_

Givea(82)ofwhatthepersonhassaid

Confirmthatthepersongains(83)________from

Speakinghisthoughts

AdifHcultpersonwillbe(84)________tocooperatewithifunderstandingis

Result

achieved

Youmayunlock(hedoorstodifficultpeople's(85)afteryoulistenand

Comment

understand

Solutions(解題步驟)

l.Haveanoverallunderstandingofthepassage.

2.Findoutthekeyinformation.

3.Identifyandunderlinethepossiblewordsorphrases.

4.Inferfromthesewordsardphrases.

5.Makeachoiceofthewords.

6.Makesuretousethecorrectforms.

讀大意一找關(guān)鍵一劃相關(guān)詞句一推斷一選詞一復(fù)查

任務(wù)型閱讀轉(zhuǎn)換類常用句型歸納：

1.100years=1century=10decades

14days=.

2.Theconferenceisheldeveryyear.===It'sheld.=lt'sanconference.

3.takeadvantageof=makeof

4.Makeanapologytosb=tosb

5.opposethemove=bethemove=objectto=with

6.Theboxthatcontainsalotofusefulbooks-==thebox__alotof...

7.beresponsiblefor=take/shoulder/bearfcr

8.sincethebeginningofhumanevolution=humanhistory

9.Americanshavebeenmigratingsouthandwestfordecadesinsearchofbetterjob

Americanshavebeenmigratingsouthandwestfordecadesinsearchofbetterjobopportuni-

ties.=Americanshavebeenmigratingsouthandwestfordecades,abetterjob./

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/lookingforabetterjob.

lO.Weshouldbemoreenthusiastic==weshoulddosthwithgreat.

11.11.takeanactivepartin=takepartinsth.

12.encourageparticipationinquietactivities=encouragechildrentoin/takepartin/

playainquietactivities

13.Peopledieforlackofenoughwater

===enoughwater,peopledie.

14.valuableinformation=informationofgreat

15.understandclearly=haveaclearofsth.

16.AIIthesefactorsleadto:heproblem.

=theproblem___fromthesefactors.

17.lt'sAthatmatters===t;sAthatmakesa.

18.theyarehardworking==theyareworking.

19.lt'snotsodifficulttodo=it*smuchtodo.

20.Werecordsthcarefully=wekeepcarefulofsth.

專題三動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)

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動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)考點(diǎn)分析：

一.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

1.表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。(通常情況下)

Iplayping-pongquitewell,butIhaven'thadtimetoplayitsincethenewyear.

2.在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中表示將來。

Ifyoucomebackthisafternoon,wellseethefilmtogether.

3,表示按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，尤用于不可改變的時(shí)間表。

Themeetingbeginsatseven.

Lookatthetimetable.HurryuplFlight4026takesoffat18:20.

4.客觀真理、事實(shí)、規(guī)律、格言等用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

Monthsagowesailedtenthousandmilesacrossthisopensea,whichiscalledthePacif-

ic,andwemetnostorms.

5.在以here,there等開頭的句子中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。

Herecomesthebus.

二.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

1.表示說話瞬間正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

一What'sthatterriblenoise?

—Theneighborsarepreparingforaparty.

2.現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，但說話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行。

ProfessorSmith,alongwithhisassistants,iswordingontheprojectdayandnightto

meetthedeadline.

SinceIwonthebigprize,mytelephonehasn'tstoppedringing.Peoplearephoningto

askhowIamgoingtospendthemoney.

3.表示情況的暫時(shí)性。

Idon'treallyworkhere.Iamjusthelpinguntilthesecretaryarrives.

4.與always,constantly,forever,continually,allthetime等詞連用，表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作

持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài)，往往帶有說話人的主觀色彩。

YouarealwayschangiriHyourmind.

5.已經(jīng)確定或安排好的將來活動(dòng)。(go,come,leave,arrive,return,stay,fly,take等)

They/regettingmarriednextmonth.

AreyoumeetingBillthisevening?

Ladiesandgentlemen,pleasefastenyourseatbelts.Theplaneistakingoff.

不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞

1.表示感官的動(dòng)詞：love,sound,smell,taste,feel,hear,see...

2.表示希望、意愿的動(dòng)詞：want,wish,desire...

3.表示知道、相信等的動(dòng)詞：know,understand,remember...

4.表示愛憎的動(dòng)詞：love,like,prefer,dislike,hate...

5.表示好像、似乎的動(dòng)詞：appear,seem...

表示擁有的動(dòng)詞:

6.ownzbelongto,have,possess...

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三.一般將來時(shí)

1.begoingtodo的用法：表示按照計(jì)劃打算做或根據(jù)客觀跡象預(yù)示著。

Lookattheclouds!ItisRoin-torain.

—I'mHoingtoleaveattheendofthismonth.

1don'tthinkyoushoulddothatuntilyou'vefoundanotherjob.

2.shall/will+do:可表單純的將來還可表臨時(shí)瞬間的決定。

Hewillbeeighteenyearsoldnextmonth.

—You'veleftthelighton.

Oh,soIhave.Iwillgototurnitoff.

3.beabouttodo結(jié)構(gòu)的用法：注意其后不跟具體的將來時(shí)間。

Themeetingisabouttobegin.

Hewasaboutto區(qū)。outwhenthetelephonerang.

4.be+todo

TheQueenistovisitChinanextweek.

Heisintoviolinverymuch,whichistomakehimaworldfamousviolinist.（注定）

Youaretofinishyourworkbeforesupper.（應(yīng)該，必須）

Arewetogoonwiththiswork?（用F第一人稱，表示征求對方意見）

5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來。

TheBrownsarecomingtodinnertomorrow.

Iamseeingheroffintheafternoon.

6.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。

Thetrainleavesat7am.

7.祈使句+and/or+主語+will...

一HowcanIapplyforanonlinecourse?

—Justfilloutthisformandwewillseewhatwecandoforyou.

四.一般過去時(shí)

1.表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事實(shí)。

His"SelectedPoems"wasfirstpublishedin1965.

2.在具體的語境中表示“剛剛；剛才”，而暗含“現(xiàn)在不那樣了”。

…I'vegottogonow.

一Mustyou?Ithcughtyoucouldstayfordinnerwithus.

3.Helenhadleftherkeysintheofficesoshehadtov/aituntilherhusbandcamehorre.

五.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)

1.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生的事情或正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

JohnwaswatchingTVwhenhismothercamebacklastnight.

一IsawJaneandherboyfriendintheparkateightyesterdayevening.

—Impossible.ShewaswatchingTVwithmeinmyhomethen.

2.表示過去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)主要從事的事情。

MarywaswritingabooklastyearbutIdon'tknowwhethershehasfinishedit.

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六.過去將來時(shí)

1.表示從過去看來將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。

Hetoldmethathewouldpaymeavisitifpossible.

TheywantedtoknowwhenIshould/wouldfinishthearticle.

—Alice,whydidn'tyoucomeyesterday?

---1wasgoin—to,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.

—WhatwereyoudoingwhenTonyphonedyou?

-Ihadjustfinishedmyworkandwasstartingtotakeashower.

七.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

1.表示發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響。動(dòng)詞既可以是持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞也可以是非持

續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。

WehavemadeRreatprogresssofarinEnglishstudy.

Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthepast30yearsinChina.

2.表示動(dòng)作從過去某一時(shí)間開始持續(xù)到說話的時(shí)間。在肯定句中只能用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，

常用since...或for...這樣的時(shí)間狀語。

IIehaslivedinChinasincehecameheretenyearsago.

MaryhasstudiedEnglishforsixyears.

3.在時(shí)間或條件狀語從句中，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以代替一般將來時(shí)。

I'llnotleaveuntiltheboyhasfinishedhishomework.

八.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的第二種情況一樣都表示開始于之前的動(dòng)作延續(xù)到某一

時(shí)刻，不過現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)更強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)不斷?，F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)有時(shí)體現(xiàn)動(dòng)作的未

完成性，既還要堅(jiān)持下去。(現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)是兼有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和進(jìn)行時(shí)兩者基小特點(diǎn)

的時(shí)態(tài)。)

…Wehavespenttoomuchmoneyrecently.

Well,itisn/tsurprising.Ourfriendsandrelativeshavebeencomingallthetime.

Policearenowsearchingforawomanwhoisreportedtohavebeenmissin。sincetheflood

hitthearealastFriday.(havegotlost)

九.過去完成時(shí)

Wehadlearnt40000Englishwordsbytheendoflastterm.

Ihadworkedinacarfactoryfor3yearsbeforeIcamehere.

Hehadintendedtomakeaspeechbutnoonegavehimsuchachance.

HardlyhadhearrivedinBeijingwhenherangmeup.

十.將來進(jìn)行時(shí)

將來某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

AtthistimetomorrowwewillbeflyingovertheAtlantic.

DanielsfamilywillbeenjoyingtheirholidayinHuangshanthistimetomorrow.

15

動(dòng)詞語態(tài)考點(diǎn)分析：

不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)的情況

1.不及物動(dòng)詞或不及物短語動(dòng)詞無被動(dòng)態(tài)。（連系動(dòng)詞）

Thecarisrunningfast.

Thewarbrokeoutbetweenthetwocountries.

Theideasoundsinteresting.

Whydon'tyouputthemeatinthefridge?Itwillstayfreshforseveraldays.

2.少數(shù)動(dòng)詞既可用作及物動(dòng)詞，也可用作不及物動(dòng)詞。當(dāng)它們作不及物動(dòng)詞用，

句子主語是非生命的名詞，且用well,easily,quickly,slowly等副詞作狀語時(shí)，

它們可以表示被動(dòng)。有此用法的動(dòng)詞有sell,lock,open,shut,wash,write,last,

read,wear等。

Theclothwasheseasily.

Thiskindofgoodssellswell.

Thiscardriveseasily.

Yourpenwritesquitesmoothly.

Thedoorwon'topen.

Thestormwillnotlastlong.

3.表“需要”意義的動(dòng)詞，如need,want,require以及beworth等后跟動(dòng)詞ing

的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。

Thehouseneedscleaning.

4.在某些“形容詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”的結(jié)構(gòu)中，還有too...to句型中，用主動(dòng)表

被動(dòng)意義。

Thebookisdifficulttounderstand.

Theappleistoohightoreach.

固定句型中的固定時(shí)態(tài)

1.Itisthefirst/second...timeIhavedonesth.

Itwasthefirst/second...timeIhaddonesth.

2.Itis/hasbeentwoyearssincehewentabroad.

Itwastwoyearssincehehadgoneabroad.

3.Iwasabouttogooutwhenthetelephonerang.

4.HardlyhadIgothomewhenthetelephonerang.

5.NosoonerbadIgothomethanthetelephonerang.

6.Itwon'tbelongbeforehecomesback.

Itwasn'tlongbeforehecameback.

7.祈使句+and/or+并列分句

專題四書面表達(dá)

16

一、導(dǎo)入練習(xí)

假設(shè)你是李平，最近參加了由某電視臺舉辦的中學(xué)生英語演講比賽并獲獎(jiǎng)，該臺準(zhǔn)備組織獲

獎(jiǎng)?wù)呷ケ本﹨⒓右淮斡⒄Z夏令營活動(dòng)，現(xiàn)就有關(guān)事項(xiàng)征求你的意見。請根據(jù)下表所提供的信

息用英語書信形式給予答復(fù)

?活動(dòng)時(shí)間

7月15日-22日或8月15日-22日

,活動(dòng)內(nèi)容

參加英語角學(xué)唱英語歌曲聽英語講座

表演英語短劇看英語電影教外賓學(xué)中文

?對活動(dòng)內(nèi)容的建議或要求

?請注意：

?1、選擇適合你的時(shí)間，并說明理由；

?2、選擇兩項(xiàng)你喜歡的活動(dòng)，并說明理由；

?3、對活動(dòng)內(nèi)容提出至少一個(gè)建議或要求；

?4、詞數(shù)：120左右；

?5、信的開頭和結(jié)尾已給出。

DearSirorMadame,

（我非常高興能被邀請參加英語夏令營）.1prefertogoinJulybecause2.