Unit3Gettingalongwithothers單詞1.awkwardadj.局促不安的；令人尷尬的；難對付的；笨拙的2.sightn.視野；視力；看見3.originaladj.起初的；獨創(chuàng)的；原作的n.原件，原稿→originn.起源→originallyadv.最初3.horribleadj.令人震驚的；可惡的，極壞的→horrorn.震驚，恐懼4.mediumn.(pl.media)傳播信息的媒介，方法；手段，工具adj.中等的，中號的5.chatvi.&n.聊天，閑聊6.cafén.咖啡館，小餐館7.recovervi.恢復(fù)健康；恢復(fù)常態(tài)vt.全額收回；尋回；重新獲得；恢復(fù)，重新控制→recoveryn.恢復(fù)8.responsen.回復(fù)；反應(yīng)，響應(yīng)→respondvi.&vt.回答，回應(yīng)；作出反應(yīng)，響應(yīng)9.lossn.失去，喪失；虧損；去世；損失→losev.丟失，失去10.judgevt.&vi.評價，(尤指)批評；判斷，認(rèn)為n.法官；裁判員→judg(e)mentn.判斷11.apologizevi.道歉，謝罪→apologyn.道歉12.behavio(u)rn.行為，舉止，態(tài)度→behavevi.舉止；表現(xiàn)13.casen.具體情況，事例；案件；容器14.frankadj.坦率的，直率的→franklyadv.坦率地15.definitelyadv.肯定，確實；確切地16.trickvt.欺騙，欺詐n.詭計，花招；戲法17.ignorevt.忽視，對……不予理會→ignorantadj.無知的→ignorancen.無知18.suffervi.受苦，受折磨；變差vt.遭受，蒙受→sufferingn.痛苦，苦難→sufferern.患者，受難者19.misunderstandvt.&vi.(misunderstood,misunderstood)誤解，誤會20.contactvt.&n.聯(lián)系，聯(lián)絡(luò)21.explodevi.爆炸；(憤怒等感情)爆發(fā)，迸發(fā)vt.使爆炸→explosionn.爆炸；爆發(fā)22.generousadj.寬宏大量的，仁慈的；慷慨的23.shallowadj.膚淺的，淺薄的；淺的24.blogn.博客，網(wǎng)志25.themen.主題；主旋律26.slaven.奴隸27.raftn.木排，筏28.opinionn.意見，看法；(群體的)觀點，信仰29.qualityn.品德，素質(zhì)；質(zhì)量；特征adj.優(yōu)質(zhì)的，高質(zhì)量的30.basisn.基礎(chǔ)；原因；基準(zhǔn)→basevt.以……為基礎(chǔ)(依據(jù))n.根據(jù)；基礎(chǔ)；基底；總部→basicadj.基礎(chǔ)的31.respectvt.尊重，尊敬n.尊敬，敬意；重視；方面→respectfuladj.表示敬意的；尊重的→respectableadj.體面的；值得尊敬的32.efficientadj.效率高的，有功效的→efficiencyn.效率；效能33.extraadj.額外的，分外的，附加的adv.額外，另外；特別，格外34.measurevt.估量，判定；測量n.措施；衡量35.reflectionn.沉思；反射；映像；反映→reflectv.反思；反射36.seek(sought，sought)vi.試圖；尋找；爭取vt.尋求；尋找37.escapevi.&vt.逃脫，躲避；逃跑；避開，避免；被遺忘n.逃離，逃脫38.benefitn.優(yōu)勢，益處，成效vt.使受益vi.得益于→beneficialadj.有益的39.fortvt.寬慰，撫慰n.舒服；安慰→fortableadj.舒服的40.joyn.高興，愉快；令人高興的人(或事)，樂趣41.failuren.失??；失敗的人(或事)；未履行；故障→failvi.&vt.失敗；不及格42.momentn.時光，時機(jī)；瞬間；某個時刻43.indeedadv.其實，實際上；的確；真正地44.wellmeaningadj.出于好心的，善意的45.recognizevt.承認(rèn)，意識到；認(rèn)出，辨別出→recognitionn.認(rèn)出；認(rèn)可；承認(rèn)46.thoroughadj.徹底的，全面的；仔細(xì)的47.deathn.死，死亡；死亡狀態(tài)→deadadj.死的→dievi.死亡48.panyn.陪伴，做伴；公司49.crowdn.一伙人，一幫人；人群vt.擠滿，使擁擠vi.聚集；擠，涌50.poetn.詩人51.admirevt.欽佩；欣賞→admirableadj.令人欽佩的→admirationn.欽佩；欣賞52.winen.葡萄酒；果酒短語1.ontherocks(關(guān)系)陷于困境，瀕臨崩潰2.outofone’ssight脫離某人的視線3.makeit能夠出席；準(zhǔn)時到達(dá)；獲得成功4.ataloss不知所措，困惑5.inthewrong有錯，應(yīng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任6.inanycase無論如何，不管怎樣7.letgoof放棄，摒棄；松手，放開8.counton依賴，依靠，指望9.eatawayat腐蝕，侵蝕，逐漸破壞10.between...and...between...and...損害……之間的關(guān)系，離間；妨礙11.inperson親自，親身12.highpoint最有意思(或最令人愉快、最好)的部分13.throughthickandthin不顧艱難險阻，同甘共苦14.inone’sopinion在某人看來15.getover克服；恢復(fù)常態(tài)16.bringout使顯現(xiàn)，使表現(xiàn)出17.smoothout消除(問題)，克服(困難)18.bemeanttodosth注定要做某事，應(yīng)做某事19.takeon呈現(xiàn)，具有20.infullmeasure最大程度地，最大限度地熟詞生義1.Thenaughtyboyplayedtricksontheshygirl，makinghercheeksflamewithanger.n.把戲,花招2.Trickedintogivingupalargequantityofmoney，hegotsodesperatethathedrownedhissadnessinwine.v.欺騙,哄騙3.AsanexchangestudentfromAmerica，Ilikeeatingdumplings.Wouldyoupleasetellmethetrickofmakingdumplings？n.訣竅4.Boblookedback,onlytofindanoldclassmatewhosenameescapedhimforthemoment.vt.被遺忘5.It’sreportedthatthecauseofthecrashwasgivenasenginefailure.n.故障，失靈6.Hestoodemotionlessasheheardthejudgepasssentence.n.法官句型1.whether...or...引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句Whetherwe’rewalkingtoschool,doinghomeworkorjusthangingoutattheweekend,we’rehardlyoutofeachother’ssight.無論是走路去學(xué)校,做作業(yè),還是周末出去玩,我們幾乎都不會離開彼此的視線。2.seesb.doingsth.AclassmatetoldmeshehadseenmyfriendchattingwithanothergirlinacaféonSaturdayafternoon.一個同學(xué)告訴我,她看到我的朋友在星期六下午和另一個女孩在咖啡館聊天。3.動詞不定式作表語Ouroriginalplanwastoseeafilmatthecinemathatafternoon.我們最初的計劃是那天下午去電影院看電影。4.so...that...如此……以至于……IwassoangrythatIavoidedherduringschoolallday...我如此生氣以至于在學(xué)校里一整天都躲著她……5.find＋it＋賓補＋todo...Weoftenfinditeasiertorecognizeotherpeople’sweaknessesthanourown.我們經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)，認(rèn)清別人的缺點遠(yuǎn)比認(rèn)清我們自身的缺點要容易。6.it作形式主語Finally,itshouldbepointedoutthatenjoyingthepanyofacrowdisnotthesameasbeingwithfriends.最后，需要指出的是，與眾人為伍不等于有朋友相伴。語法由關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句1.who指人，在句子中作主語，賓語2.whom指人，在句子中作賓語3.Which指物，在句子中作主語，賓語4.that指人，物，在句子中作主語，賓語，表語5.whose指人，物，在句子中作定語一、詞匯清單知識點1sightn.視野；視力；看見【教材原句】Whetherwe’rewalkingtoschool,doinghomeworkorjusthangingoutattheweekend,we’rehardlyoutofeachother’ssight.無論是走路去學(xué)校,做作業(yè),還是周末出去玩,我們幾乎都不會離開彼此的視線。(教材p30)【拓展】outof(one’s)sight脫離(某人的)視線losesightof看不見catchsightof看見eintosight進(jìn)入視野atfirstsight乍一看；初次見到atthesightof...一看見……【寫作佳句】Icaughtsightofmyformerteacherjustnow,butheturnedatacornerandIlostsightofhim.剛才我看見了我以前的老師，但是他在拐角處轉(zhuǎn)彎了，我就看不見他了?！窘?jīng)典練】用sight的短語填空1.ThereweresomanyvisitorsthatIsoonlostsightof(看不見)mysoninthecrowd.2.Atthecornerofthestreet,wecaughtsightof(看見)acaféandwefeltexcitedthen.3.Themomentwereachedthesmallisland，amazingnaturalscenerycameintosight(看見).4.Hereyeswidenedatthesightof(一看見)thebreakfasttray.

知識點2makeit能夠出席;準(zhǔn)時到達(dá);獲得成功【教材原句】WhenIcalledher,shesaidshemightnotbeabletomakeittothecinema.當(dāng)我打電話給她時,她說她可能去不了電影院了。(教材p30)【拓展】makeit結(jié)構(gòu)中的it有時為形式賓語,后接形容詞作賓語補足語?！緦懽骷丫洹縔ouwillmakeitifyoudon’tloseheartandkeepontrying.

如果你不泄氣并繼續(xù)努力的話,你會成功的?！窘?jīng)典練】單句語法填空1.Let’smakeitatseveno’clockonTuesdaymorningatmyoffice.2.SheleftbeforeIcouldevenmakeittothedoortooffermythanks.

知識點3recovervi.恢復(fù)健康;恢復(fù)常態(tài)vt.全額收回;尋回;重新獲得;恢復(fù),重新控制【教材原句】Insteadofrecoveringathome,shewasouthavingfunwithsomeoneelse.她并沒有在家養(yǎng)病，而是跑到外面和別人樂呵去了。(教材p30)【拓展】(1)recoverfrom從……中恢復(fù);痊愈recoveroneself 恢復(fù)健康;恢復(fù)正常;恢復(fù)知覺(2)recovery n.恢復(fù);痊愈makearecoveryfrom...從……中恢復(fù)makeafullrecovery 完全康復(fù)【寫作佳句】Helosthisfavoritebikewhenshopping,buttohissurpriseherecovereditatthedoorofanotherstoreatdusktoday.購物時他丟了他最愛的自行車，但是讓他吃驚的是今天黃昏時在另一個商店的門口他又找到了它?！窘?jīng)典練】單句語法填空1.Shesoonrecoveredherself(she)andstoppedcrying.2.Iamgladtohearthatyouhaverecoveredfromyourheartattack.3.Sofar28patientshavebeentreatedinthehospital,andthemajorityofthemhavemadeafullrecovery(recover).

知識點4respondvi.回答，回應(yīng)vi.作出反應(yīng)，響應(yīng)【教材原句】IwassoangrythatIavoidedherduringschoolalldayandIstilldon’tfeellikerespondingtoanyofheronlinemessage.我如此生氣以至于在學(xué)校里一整天都躲著她,我不想回復(fù)她任何網(wǎng)上的信息。(教材p30)【拓展】(1)respondto答復(fù)……；對……做出反應(yīng)respondwith以……作為回答，以……作為反應(yīng)respondthat回答說……(2)responsen. 回應(yīng)，反應(yīng)，回答inresponseto 對……做出反應(yīng)makearesponseto對……做出回應(yīng)[名師指津]respondto,inresponseto,makearesponseto中的to都是介詞，后接名詞、代詞或v.-ing形式?！緦懽骷丫洹縒henasked,theyusuallyhesitatebeforeresponding,‘Mybestfriend?...’當(dāng)被問及這個問題的時候，他們往往在回答之前都要猶豫一下，“我最好的朋友？……”?！窘?jīng)典練】單句語法填空1.Withthehelpofhisteammate,theoperatorrespondedimmediatelytotheaccident.2.Inresponse(respond)tothisproblem,variousacademicsproposedmanymeasuresandsteps.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換Receivingamessagedoesn'tmeanyouneedtorespondtoit.→Receivingamessagedoesn'tmeanyouneedtomakearesponsetoit.知識點5lossn.失去,喪失;虧損;去世;損失【教材原句】Thestressofthissituationiskillingme,andI’matalosswhattodonext.這種情況的壓力簡直要了我的命,我不知道下一步該怎么辦。。(教材p16)【拓展】(1)the/alossof...……的丟失/喪失ataloss 不知所措,困惑(2)lose v.丟失;失去loseone’sway 迷路(3)lost adj.迷路的;迷失的belostin 沉浸于;全神貫注【寫作佳句】Hemadeuphismindtotryhisbesttomakeupfortheloss.他下定決心盡最大努力彌補損失?！窘?jīng)典練】單句語法填空1.Theoffshoreregionswillsuffergreatlosses(loss)ifthesealeveldoesnotceaserising.

2.Shestaredoutofthewindow,lost(lose)inadaydream.

3.Today,theloss(lose)ofdatacancauseseriousproblemforapany.完成句子我如此擔(dān)心和焦慮,以至于幾乎不知所措。SoworriedandanxiouswasIthatIwasalmostataloss.知識點6judgevt.&vi.評價,(尤指)批評;判斷,認(rèn)為n.法官;裁判員【教材原句】Don’tbesoquicktojudgeyourfriend.不要急于評判你的朋友。(教材p31)【拓展】(1)judge...by/from...根據(jù)……判斷……judgesb./sth.as/tobe... 斷定某人/物是……asfarasIcanjudge 據(jù)我判斷judgingby/from... 從……來看,根據(jù)……判斷(2)judg(e)ment n.判決;判斷;評價inone’sjudg(e)ment 在某人看來注意：judgingby/from表示“從……來看,根據(jù)……判斷”,用在句首時,為一個獨立成分,不受句子主語和時態(tài)的影響。英語中類似judgingby/from用法的獨立成分還有很多,如generally/exactly/frankly/honestlyspeaking(一般地/確切地/坦率地/誠實地說),considering(that)…(考慮到,鑒于,就……而言),providing/provided(that)...(假如,倘若……)等?！緦懽骷丫洹縔ourspeechwasheardbyagroupoffivejudges,allofwhomagreedthatitwasthebestonethisyear.你的演講有五個裁判評判，他們都認(rèn)為你的演講是今年最好的一個演講?！窘?jīng)典練】單句語法填空1.Judging(judge)fromhisaccent,hemustbeasoutherner.

2.Sherespectedhisjudgment(judge)andwouldfollowanyadvicehegaveher.完成句子俗話說，“你不能以貌取人”。Astheoldsayinggoes,“Youcan’tjudgeabookbyitscover.”知識點7apologizevi.道歉,謝罪【教材原句】Perhapssheknowsshe’sinthewrongandwantstoapologize,ormaybeherbehaviourhasasimpleexplanationthatyoudon’tknowabout.或許她知道自己錯了，想向你道歉，又或許她可以明白地解釋自己的行為。(教材p31)【拓展】(1)apologizetosb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉apologizetosb.that...向某人道歉……(2)apology n.道歉,謝罪make/offeranapologytosb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉【寫作佳句】Laterthatmorning,Dariosuggestedthattheywritealettertotheirneighborsandapologizefortheirplaying.那天早上晚些時候，達(dá)里奧建議他們給鄰居們寫一封信，為他們的玩耍道歉。【經(jīng)典練】單句語法填空1.Hehadthegracetoapologizetomefortheinsultingremark.2.HesmiledpolitelyasMaryapologizedforherdrunkenfriends.3.Pleaseacceptmyapology(apologize)fornotgoingtoyourparty.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換Youshouldapologizetoherforyourcarelessness.→Youshouldmakeanapologytoherforyourcarelessness.知識點8casen.具體情況,事例;案件;容器【教材原句】Inanycase,findanopportunitytohaveafullandfranktalkwithher.無論如何,找個機(jī)會和她深入、坦誠地談一談。(教材P31)【拓展】(1)incase假使;萬一incaseof 假如發(fā)生;萬一發(fā)生(2)inanycase 無論如何,不管怎樣innocase 決不(放句首時,主句用部分倒裝)inthat/thiscase 既然那樣/這樣;在那種/這種情況下(3)asisoftenthecase這是常有的事【寫作佳句】Incaseofanydifficulty,callmeatonce.如有任何困難，立即打電話告訴我?！窘?jīng)典練】用case的短語填空1.Thistime,westayedtogether,incaseanythingelseunusualhappened.

2.Incaseofafeverandcough,seekmedicaladviceimmediately.

3.Inanycase,ifIcoulddoitagain,I’dstillmakethesamechoice.用倒裝句升級Weshouldinnocasedoanythingthatgoesagainsttheinterestsofpeople.→Innocaseshouldwedoanythingthatgoesagainsttheinterestsofpeople.知識點9ignorevt.忽視,對……不予理會【教材原句】However,ifyourfriendignoresyourfeelingsormakesyousuffer,it’stimetorethinkyourrelationship.然而,如果你的朋友忽視你的感受或者讓你痛苦,那就要重新考慮你們的關(guān)系了。(教材p31)【拓展】(1)ignoredadj.被忽視的;被忽略的(2)ignorant adj.無知的beignorantof/about 對……不了解/不知道(3)ignorance n.無知;愚昧;不懂beinignoranceof 對……無知;對……不了解【寫作佳句】Heignoredmyadviceandfailedinthegame.他無視我的忠告，因此輸?shù)袅吮荣悺！窘?jīng)典練】單句語法填空1.Havingbeenignored(ignore)formanyyears,thenovelistsuddenlybecamefamous.

2.Don'tmakeimpropermentsoutofignorance(ignore)beforeyouknowthewholestory.3.Peopledon'tliketoaskquestionsforfearofappearingignorant(ignore).完成句子他說自己對于他們的家庭收入一無所知。Hesaidthathewasignorantof/aboutfamilyine.知識點10suffervi.受苦,受折磨;變差vt.遭受,蒙受【教材原句】However,ifyourfriendignoresyourfeelingsormakesyousuffer,it'stimetorethinkyourrelationship.然而，如果你的朋友忽視你的感受或讓你痛苦，那就要重新考慮你們的關(guān)系了。(教材p31)【拓展】(1)sufferfrom受……折磨;受……之苦/患……病(2)suffering n.痛苦,讓人痛苦的事(常用pl.)sufferer n.患者,受害者注意：(1)suffer用作及物動詞時，指“遭受、經(jīng)歷(不愉快之事)”，后常接loss,pain,hardship,defeat,punishment等，無被動語態(tài)。(2)suffer用作不及物動詞時，常與from連用，意為“受……之苦，患……病”?！緦懽骷丫洹縄amsorrytolearnthatyouhavebeensufferingheadaches,whichpreventsyoufromperformingwellinyourwork.

得知你一直頭痛,不能很好地工作,我感到很難過?！窘?jīng)典練】單句語法填空1.Readingfictionshelpsthosewhodonotsufferfromlonelinesstounderstandlonelypeople.2.Theoldmanissaidtohavegonethroughvarietiesofsufferings(suffer)duringthewar.3.如果那是真的，雙方公司都將蒙受巨大的損失Ifthatweretrue,bothpanieswouldsuffergreatloss.知識點11contactvt.&n.聯(lián)系，聯(lián)絡(luò)【教材原句】ThenIgotacallfromafriendwhomIhadn'tcontactedforalongtime.后來我接到一個很久沒聯(lián)系的朋友的電話。(教材p33)【拓展】makecontactwith與……進(jìn)行來往，與……取得聯(lián)系getincontactwith與……取得聯(lián)系(強調(diào)動作)keep/beincontactwith與……保持聯(lián)系(強調(diào)狀態(tài))losecontactwith與……失去聯(lián)系(強調(diào)動作)beoutofcontactwith與……失去聯(lián)系(強調(diào)狀態(tài))【寫作佳句】Ifyouhaveanyquestions,youcan’thesitateto

contact

me.如果你有任何問題，你可以毫不猶疑地聯(lián)系我?！窘?jīng)典練】單句語法填空1.Wereyouinclosecontactwithhimthroughouthisillness?2.Ithinkit'simportantforpeoplelikeusinthecitytoeintocontactwithnatureandtheseasons.3.如果你有任何問題，請務(wù)必與我聯(lián)系。Ifyouhaveanyquestion,besuretogetincontactwithme.知識點12opinionn.意見,看法;(群體的)觀點,信仰【教材原句】Inmyopinion,thefollowingqualitiesformthebasisofafriendship.在我看來,下列品質(zhì)構(gòu)成了友誼的基礎(chǔ)。(教材p37)【拓展】inone’sopinion在某人看來beoftheopinionthat 相信;認(rèn)為theopinionof/about/on… 對……的看法haveagood/highopinionof 對……評價好/高h(yuǎn)aveabad/lowopinionof 對……評價不好/低注意：“在我看來，就我而言”大薈萃：inmyview,asfarasI’mconcerned,asforme,asfarasIcansee,asIseeit,personally(speaking)【寫作佳句】ThebestofaKilimanjaroexperience,inmyopinion,isn’treachingthetop.

在我看來,乞力馬扎羅山之旅的最佳體驗并不是到達(dá)山頂?！窘?jīng)典練】單句語法填空1.It'sperfectlynormalforpeopletohavedifferentopinionsaboutpeopleandthings.2.Inmyopinion,it’soneofthemostimportantbooksondieteverwritten.完成句子全世界人民對這個活動有很高的評價。Peopleallovertheworldhaveahighopinionoftheactivity.知識點13respectvt.尊重，尊敬n.尊敬，敬意；重視；細(xì)節(jié)，方面【教材原句】Imustrespectandsupportthechoiceshemakes.我必須尊重和支持他的選擇。(教材p37)【拓展】(1)respectsb.forsth.因某事而尊敬某人respectsb.as尊敬某人為……(2)show/haverespectforsb.尊重某人withrespect尊敬地withrespectto＝inrespectof關(guān)于，就……而言inthis/thatrespect在這/那一方面(3)respectfuladj.表示敬意的;尊敬的respectableadj.(人)體面的,得體的;值得尊敬的注意：respect表示“尊重；敬重”時，為不可數(shù)名詞；表示“細(xì)節(jié)；方面”時，為可數(shù)名詞；表示“敬意；問候”時，多用作復(fù)數(shù)形式?！緦懽骷丫洹縏hemostbelovedandrespectedpersonaroundmeismyteacher,MsLi.我身邊最受愛戴和尊敬的人是我的老師,李老師。【經(jīng)典練】單句語法填空1.Thechildreninourfamilyarealwaysrespectful(respect)totheirelders.2.Irespecthimasawriterandasaman.完成句子這名學(xué)生總是對她的同學(xué)們很好，表現(xiàn)出友善和尊重。Thestudentalways

behaveswelltowardsherclassmates,showingkindnessand

respect.知識點14measurevt.估量，判定；測量n.措施；衡量【教材原句】I'llalwaysvaluethesequalitiesofagoodfriendandtrytomeasuremyselfbythesestandardsasourfriendshipdevelops.我將永遠(yuǎn)珍視一個好朋友的這些品質(zhì)，并隨著我們友誼的發(fā)展，嘗試用這些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來衡量自己。(教材p37)【拓展】(1)measuresb.for給某人量尺寸做bemeasuredby/in...用……來衡量(2)takemeasurestodosth.采取措施做某事make...toone'smeasure根據(jù)某人的尺寸做(衣服)insomemeasure在某種程度上infullmeasure最大程度地；最大限度地注意：measure作名詞表示“措施”時，常用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。作動詞表示“有……長/寬/高”時，為不及物動詞，不用于被動語態(tài)和進(jìn)行時態(tài)；若此意義的短語作后置定語，要用現(xiàn)在分詞形式?！緦懽骷丫洹縄stronglyremendedthateffectivemeasuresshouldbetakentosolvetheproblem.

我強烈建議采取有效的措施來解決這個問題。【經(jīng)典練】單句語法填空1.Heboughtatablemeasuring(measure)2metersby50centimeters.2.Wecan'tmeasurehappinessbywealth.完成句子政府應(yīng)采取有效措施來解決食品安全問題。Thegovernmentshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestosolvetheissuesoffoodsafety.知識點15reflectionn.沉思；反射；映像；反映；思考【教材原句】Aswewalkthe“pathoflife”,wemaysometimeswishtobealonewithourownthoughts,forquietperiodsofreflectioncanleadtopersonalimprovement.當(dāng)我們走上“人生之路”時，我們有時可能希望獨自思考，因為安靜思考期間會帶來個人進(jìn)步。(教材p39)【拓展】reflectvt.反射；反映vi.仔細(xì)考慮reflectsb./sth.insth.從……中映出某人/物的影像reflectsth.fromsth.從某物(表面)反射(光、熱、聲音等)reflecton/uponsth.思考某事【寫作佳句】Ifellinlovewith

theswaninwater

reflection.我愛上了水中的天鵝倒影?！窘?jīng)典練】單句語法填空1.Takesometimetoreflectonyourfutureplans.2.Thehillsarereflected(reflect)inthewater.完成句子鏡子中映現(xiàn)出她漂亮的臉蛋和頭發(fā)。Herbeautifulfaceandhairwerereflectedinthemirror.知識點16escapevi.&vt.逃脫，躲避；逃跑；避開，避免；被遺忘n.逃離，逃脫【教材原句】However,whenweseektobealone,wemustbecarefulthatwedonotalwaysescapeintoourownworld.然而，當(dāng)我們設(shè)法獨處時，我們必須小心，不要總是逃避到自己的世界里去。(教材p39)【拓展】escapefrom/outof逃離escape(doing)sth.避免(做)某事haveanarrowescape九死一生【寫作佳句】Underthemicroscope,nothing

islikelytoescape

oureyes.在顯微鏡下，什么東西都不可能逃過我們的眼睛?！窘?jīng)典練】單句語法填空1.Evennow,nooneknowswhyithappened,butIdidescapefromtheterribledisasterfortunately.2.Itissaidthathenarrowlyescapedbeingkilled(kill)inthetrafficaccidentontheotherday.

3.恐怕我想不起來你的名字了。I'mafraidyournameescapedme.知識點17benefitn.優(yōu)勢，益處，成效vt.使受益vi.得益于【教材原句】Asweliveinsocialgroups,therearemanybenefitsoffriendshipthatwecanenjoy.由于生活在社會群體中，我們可以享受友誼帶來的許多好處。(教材p39)【拓展】(1)benefitfrom從……中受益；得益于forthebenefitof為了……的利益beofgreat/nobenefit有很大/沒有益處(2)beneficialadj.有益的bebeneficialto...對……有益【寫作佳句】Studentswho

haveaccessto

onlineresources

benefit

greatlyfromawiderrangeoflearningmaterials.能夠獲取在線資源的學(xué)生能從更廣泛的學(xué)習(xí)資料中受益?！窘?jīng)典練】單句語法填空1.Thenewruleswillbeofrealbenefittousall.2.Itissaidthatthepanyhasbenefitedfromthenewwayofdoingbusiness.3.Thedoctorthoughtthechangewouldbebeneficial(benefit)tothepatient'shealth.一句多譯Thenewregulationwillbenefiteveryoneconcerned.→Thenewregulationwillbebeneficialtoeveryoneconcerned.→Everyoneconcernedwillbenefitfromthenewregulation.→Thenewregulationwillbeofbenefittoeveryoneconcerned.知識點18fortvt.寬慰，撫慰n.舒服；安慰【教材原句】Generallyspeaking,closefriendshipshavethree“fruits”:theymayforttheheart,advisetheheadandhelpusachievethegoalswesetforourselves.一般來說，親密的友誼有三個“成果”:撫慰心靈，勸告頭腦，幫助我們實現(xiàn)我們?yōu)樽约涸O(shè)定的目標(biāo)。(教材p39)【拓展】(1)fort...with...用……寬慰……infort＝fortably舒服地(2)fortableadj.舒服的，自在的unfortableadj.不舒服的，不自在的beunfortable/fortabletodosth.做某事(不)舒服/(不)自在feelunfortable/fortablewith與……在一起感到(不)自在(3)disfortn.不舒服；不適【寫作佳句】Inthefuture,thesurroundings

wherewelivewillbemore

fortable

andbeautiful.未來，我們居住的環(huán)境將更加舒適和美麗?！窘?jīng)典練】單句語法填空1.Thathardchairisunfortable(fort)tositin.2.Youwillexperiencesomeminordisfort(fort)duringthetreatment.完成句子你的信對我來說是莫大的安慰。Yourletterwasagreatforttome.二、語法清單由關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句【感知·語法規(guī)律】觀察以下課文原句并思考黑體部分的功能與構(gòu)成:1.WhenIwasanawkwardprimaryschoolstudent,shewasthepopulargirlwhowaswillingtomakefriendswithme.2.IalsohadafriendwhomItrustedalot.3.ThenIgotacallfromafriendwhomIhadn’tcontactedforalongtime.【精講·語法知識】一、定語從句的定義1.在主從復(fù)合句中，對某一名詞、代詞或名詞短語起修飾作用的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的名詞、代詞或名詞短語叫先行詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。2.關(guān)系詞分為關(guān)系代詞(that，which，who，whom，whose等)和關(guān)系副詞(when，where，why等)兩類?！窘?jīng)典練】句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Theybuiltahighwayleadingintothemountains.→Theybuiltahighway________________________________.【答案】whichleadsintothemountains/thatleadsintothemountains【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：他們修了一條通往山里的公路。原句用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語，可以轉(zhuǎn)化為定語從句。句中先行詞為highway，在定語從句中作主語，所以用關(guān)系代詞which或that引導(dǎo)。從句陳述現(xiàn)在事實，用一般現(xiàn)在時。先行詞是highway，定語從句謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填which/thatleadsintothemountains。2.Tobeginwith,itwillmakeyouwastetoomuchvaluabletime.Thevaluabletimeshouldbespentonyourstudy.

________________________________________________________________________【答案】Tobeginwith,itwillmakeyouwastetoomuchvaluabletimewhichshouldbespentonyourstudy.【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：首先，它會讓你浪費太多寶貴的時間。寶貴的時間應(yīng)該花在你的學(xué)習(xí)上。將第二個句子變?yōu)槎ㄕZ從句，先行詞是valuabletime，指物，在定語從句中作主語，需用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。故答案是Tobeginwith,itwillmakeyouwastetoomuchvaluabletimewhichshouldbespentonyourstudy.。3.Amanlivinginthevillagerarelyseessubways.→Aman________________________________rarelyseessubways.【答案】wholivesinthevillage/thatlivesinthevillage【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：住在村子里的人很少見過地鐵。原句為現(xiàn)在分詞作定語修飾名詞主語aman，結(jié)合轉(zhuǎn)換后的句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處可轉(zhuǎn)換為定語從句作定語，先行詞aman指人，關(guān)系詞替代先行詞在從句中作主語，所以此處使用關(guān)系詞who或that引導(dǎo)定語從句，原句中的現(xiàn)在分詞短語livingin轉(zhuǎn)換為謂語動詞，結(jié)合主句的謂語動詞sees可知，此處使用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語who/that指代的先行詞aman為第三人稱單數(shù)，所以謂語動詞為livesin，thevillage不變，作livein的賓語。故填who/thatlivesinthevillage。4.Theoldwomanisafamousartist.Youtalkedwithherjustnow.→Theoldwoman________________________________isafamousartist.【答案】withwhomyoutalkedjustnow/whoyoutalkedwithjustnow/thatyoutalkedwithjustnow/whomyoutalkedwithjustnow【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：你剛才和她談話的那位老婦人是一位著名的藝術(shù)家。分析兩個簡單句以及轉(zhuǎn)換后的句子部分內(nèi)容可知，theoldwoman應(yīng)為定語從句的先行詞，第二個簡單句中的her指的是先行詞，在句子中作賓語，所以此處使用關(guān)系代詞whom代替her作賓語，所以此處使用“withwhom”引導(dǎo)定語從句，提至先行詞之后，其它內(nèi)容保持不變，或?qū)⒔樵~with位置不變，關(guān)系代詞可使用who或者that或者whom。故填withwhomyoutalkedjustnow/whoyoutalkedwithjustnow/thatyoutalkedwithjustnow/whomyoutalkedwithjustnow。5.WewillhaveanEnglishdramapetition.Theaimofitistoenrichourextracurricularactivities.(句式升級)→WewillhaveanEnglishdramapetition________________________________.【答案】whoseaimistoenrichourextracurricularactivities/theaimofwhichistoenrichourextracurricularactivities【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：我們將舉行一場英語戲劇比賽，其目的是豐富我們的課外活動。此處引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾先行詞petition，在從句作定語，表示“……的目的”可用whoseaim或theaimofwhich。故填whoseaim/theaimofwhichistoenrichourextracurricularactivities。二、關(guān)系代詞的基本用法1.who的用法who指人，在定語從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語。2.whom的用法whom指人，在定語從句中作賓語，可用who代替，也可省略。3.which的用法which指物，在定語從句中作主語、賓語，作賓語時可省略。4.that的用法that既可指人，也可指物，在定語從句中作主語、賓語或表語，作賓語時可以省略。5.whose的用法whose既可指人又可指物，在從句中修飾名詞，作定語。[溫馨提示]whose指人時，常用下列結(jié)構(gòu)來代替：Iwilltalktothosestudentswhosehomeworkhasn’tbeendoneonschedule.＝Iwilltalktothosestudents，thehomeworkofwhomhasn’tbeendoneonschedule.＝Iwilltalktothosestudents，ofwhomthehomeworkhasn’tbeendoneonschedule.我將和那些沒按時完成作業(yè)的學(xué)生談話?！窘?jīng)典練】單句語法填空1.Thereason________hegaveforhisbeinglatewas________hegotuplate.【答案】that/which;that【詳解】考查定語從句和表語從句。句意：他為自己遲到所給出的理由是：他起得太晚了。第一空，引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，先行詞為thereason，作從句的賓語，用關(guān)系代詞that/which引導(dǎo)；第二空，引導(dǎo)表語從句，從句結(jié)構(gòu)和句意完整，用that引導(dǎo)。故填①that/which②that。2.Thepeople________aredangerouslyoverweightshouldtakeimmediateactiontoloseweightproperly.【答案】who/that【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：體重嚴(yán)重超標(biāo)的人應(yīng)該立即采取適當(dāng)?shù)拇胧﹣頊p肥。此處為限制性定語從句，先行詞為Thepeople，指人，引導(dǎo)詞在定語從句中作主語，所以用關(guān)系代詞who或that來引導(dǎo)。故填who/that。3.Theancientlibrary________Ivisitedlastsummerwastragicallydestroyedinafire.【答案】that/which【詳解】考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意：我去年夏天參觀的那座古老圖書館在一場火災(zāi)中不幸被毀。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞為“theancientlibrary”，指物，且關(guān)系詞在從句中作visited的賓語，因此應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞。故填that/which。4.Bypostingphotosandvideosoftheirchildrenonline,parentsarecreatinganidentityfortheirchildren________mightnotbeweled.【答案】that/which【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：通過在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布孩子的照片和視頻，父母正在為孩子創(chuàng)造一種可能不受歡迎的身份。空格處引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，從句中缺少主語，先行詞identity是物，因此用that/which引導(dǎo)定語從句，故填that/which。5.Duringexamtimewehaveaspecialprogramme________tellsstudentsthethingstheyshoulddo.【答案】that/which【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：在考試期間，我們有一個特別的節(jié)目，告訴學(xué)生他們應(yīng)該做的事情。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，先行詞aspecialprogramme，指物，關(guān)系詞替代先行詞在從句中作主語成分，所以為關(guān)系代詞that/which引導(dǎo)。故填that/which。6.Those________takeanactivepartinsportsareenergetic.【答案】who【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：那些積極參加體育運動的人精力充沛?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)限制性定語從句，從句中缺少主語，先行詞Those是人，因此空格處用who引導(dǎo)定語從句，故填who。7.SusanaVazquezTorresisafourthyeargraduatestudent________wantstosomedaydevelopnewdrugsforneglected(被忽視的)diseases.【答案】who/that【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：蘇珊娜?巴斯克斯托雷斯是一名四年級研究生，她希望有一天能為被忽視的疾病研發(fā)新藥物?！皐antstosomedaydevelopnewdrugsforneglecteddiseases”是定語從句，先行詞是graduatestudent，指人，在從句中作主語，所以用關(guān)系代詞who或者that引導(dǎo)該定語從句。故填who/that。8.Mr.Liuistheperson________youtalkedaboutonthebus.【答案】whom/that/who【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：劉先生就是你在公共汽車上談?wù)摰哪莻€人。空處需用關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是theperson，指人，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作賓語，空處需用關(guān)系代詞whom/that/who引導(dǎo)定語從句，也可以省略關(guān)系詞。故填whom/that/who。9.Thedoctor________youarelookingforisintheroom.【答案】who/that/whom【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：你正在找的醫(yī)生在房間里。此處為關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞doctor，指人，且關(guān)系詞在從句中作lookfor的賓語，所以此處使用關(guān)系代詞who/that引導(dǎo)定語從句。故填who/that/whom。10.Thebuilding________walliswhiteisourlibrary.【答案】whose【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：墻是白色的那座建筑是我們的圖書館?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)限制性定語從句，先行詞building和wall之間是所屬關(guān)系，因此用表所屬的關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)定語從句，故填whose。三、關(guān)系詞只能用that而不用which的情況1.當(dāng)先行詞是all，little，much，something，anything，everything，nothing等不定代詞時。2.當(dāng)先行詞被all，every，any，little，much，theonly，thevery，theright，thelast，just等修飾時。3.當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級或被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級修飾時。4.當(dāng)先行詞中既有人又有物時。5.當(dāng)先行詞前面出現(xiàn)who，which等疑問代詞時，為了避免重復(fù)，只能用that。[疑難點津]關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，定語從句的謂語動詞要和先行詞的數(shù)保持一致。[溫馨提示](1)“oneof＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作先行詞，定語從句的謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；在肯定句中，“theonlyoneof＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作先行詞，定語從句的謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。(2)為避免關(guān)系詞的重復(fù)，被關(guān)系代詞代替的成分不可在從句中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)。【經(jīng)典練】單句語法填空1.Happinessisthegreatestwealth________onecanpursue.【答案】that【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：幸福是一個人可以追求的最大財富。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾指物的先行詞wealth，且先行詞被形容詞最高級thegreatest修飾，關(guān)系詞替代先行詞在從句中作賓語，此時只能用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)該定語從句。故填that。2.Henrywaspleasedwith________Itoldhimandall________Igavehim.【答案】what;that【詳解】考查賓語從句和定語從句。句意：亨利對我告訴他的事和我給他的一切都很滿意。第一個空為連接詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作told的賓語，指物，所以第一空為what；第二個空為關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞a