Unit5HumansandNature1．measurevt.估量，衡量；測量n．計量制；計量單位；措施；尺寸即時訓練單句語法填空①Weshouldmeasuresuccessbytheimpactwemakeonothers,bythekindnessweshow,andtheloveweshare.②ThetailorpromisedtomakethesuittoJohn'smeasure,ensuringitwouldfithimperfectly.③(2024·全國甲卷)Thegovernmenthasstruggledtocomeupwithmeasures(measure)toaddresstheproblem.單句寫作④我們必須采取措施來改善我們的健康，比如定期運動和充足的睡眠。Wemusttakemeasurestoimproveourhealth，suchasregularexerciseandadequatesleep.歸納拓展(1)measure...by...用……來衡量……(2)takemeasurestodosth.采取措施做某事makesth.tosb.'smeasure照某人的尺寸做某物好句積累Manytreesarebeingcutdown,manyanimalsarebeinghunted,andourenvironmentisbeingdestroyed.Shouldn'twetakesomemeasurestomakeadifference？(演講稿)許多樹木正在被砍伐，很多動物正在被獵殺，我們的環(huán)境正在被破壞。難道我們不應該采取一些措施來作出改變嗎？2．escapevi.&vt.逃離；逃避；被遺忘，被忽視n．逃跑，逃脫即時訓練單句語法填空①Duringhighschool,itwasnotuncommonforstudentstoescapedoing(do)theirhomework.②Theheromanagedtoescapefromthepalacejustintimetosavehisfriends.單句寫作③在風暴中，漁夫的船幾乎翻了，他死里逃生。Thefishermanhadanarrowescapewhenhisboatwasalmostupsetduringastorm.(人物描寫)歸納拓展(1)escape(doing)sth.逃避(做)某事escapefrom從……逃脫；逃避sth.escapesb.某物被某人遺忘；沒有被某人注意到(2)haveanarrowescape死里逃生好句積累Sometimesthebeautyofsimplemomentsescapesuswhenwearetoofocusedonourgoals.(動作描寫)當我們過于專注于目標時，美好時刻有時會從身邊溜走。3．survivevi.&vt.活下來；幸存即時訓練單句語法填空①Shesurvivedheryoungerbrotherbytwoyears,passingawayattheageof95.②Knowingthebasicsofsurvival(survive)likehowtomakeafireorpurifywatercanmakeabigdifferenceinemergencysituations.單句寫作③在荒野中迷路后，她不得不依靠漿果和河水生存了三天。Lostinthewilderness,shehadtosurviveonberriesandriverwaterforthreedays.歸納拓展(1)survivefrom...從……中存活下來surviveon...依靠……生存下來survive...by...比……多活了……(2)survivorn．幸存者survivaln．[U]幸存；[C]殘存物好句積累Thehikersurvivedfromadangerousfallbygrabbingontoatreebranchatthelastsecond.(動作描寫)這名徒步旅行者在最后一秒抓住了一根樹枝，從危險的跌落中存活了下來。eq\x(4.runout用完，耗盡)即時訓練選詞填空(runoutof/runout)①Itissaidthattheworldwouldrunoutoffreshwaterin2050.②Inthefuture,carefortheenvironmentwillbecomeveryimportantastheEarth'snaturalresourcesrunout．單句語法填空③Allthesupplieshadbeenusedupbeforetheygotrescued.單句寫作④由于精力和耐心耗盡，簡不再沿著小溪散步，睡著了。Runningoutofherenergyandpatience，Janegaveupherwalkingalongthestreamandfelltosleep.歸納拓展(1)runoutof“用完了”，是及物動詞短語，表示主動意義，主語一般是人runout“……用完了”，是不及物動詞短語，其主語通常為時間、食物、金錢等名詞giveout“用盡；筋疲力盡”，為不及物動詞短語useup“用完；消耗盡”，為及物動詞短語(2)runinto撞進；遭遇runacross偶然遇到；穿過runafter追求；追趕，追逐好句積累Theirmoneyhadrunoutandtheyhadtoabandontheproject.(動作描寫)他們的錢用光了，不得不放棄這個項目。連詞成篇MyfriendTomisanexplorer.Lastmonthhepersuadedustoparticipate①hisadventureonthesea.Ontheway,hewarnedustotryto②takemeasurestoprotectourselves.Whenwewereunderthesea,agreatwhitesharkattackedus.Wehadnochoicebut③(fight)againstitbecausewecouldn'tescape.Fortunately,wesurvivedeventuallybeforeourstrengthranout.技能應用1．①處應填介詞in。2．②處takemeasures的同義短語為takeaction。3．③處應填tofight。eq\x(5.curiousadj.好奇的)即時訓練單句語法填空①Manystudentsarecuriousabouthowthehumanbodyfunctions,whichoftenleadsthemtostudybiology.②Studentslistenedtotheguestspeakerwithcuriosity,takinginthenewinformation.③Shepickeduptheunfamiliarbookfromtheshelfoutofcuriosityandendedupreadingitcovertocover.單句寫作④我對探險這個洞穴感到好奇，所以我收集了所有必要的裝備并出發(fā)了。Iwascurioustoexplorethecave，soIgatheredallthenecessaryequipmentandheadedout.(動作描寫)歸納拓展(1)becuriousaboutsth.對某事感到好奇becurioustodosth.好奇地做某事；極想做某事(2)curiosityn．好奇心withcuriosity好奇地outofcuriosity出于好奇(3)curiouslyadv.好奇地好句積累Whentouristssetfootinanewdestination,theyareoftencuriousaboutlocalcustomsandtraditions,eagerlyattendingfestivalsortryingtraditionalfoodstoburythemselvesintheuniqueculture.(旅游)當游客踏上一個新的目的地時，他們通常對當?shù)氐娘L俗和傳統(tǒng)感到好奇，并熱切地參加節(jié)日(活動)或嘗試傳統(tǒng)食品，以便將自己沉浸在獨特的文化中。6．a(chǎn)ttemptn．&vt.努力，嘗試，企圖即時訓練單句語法填空①Knowingtheimportanceofabalanceddiet,Sarahattemptedtocook(cook)ahealthymealforthefirsttime.②Inordertoimprovehislanguageskills,PetermadeanattempttospeakonlyinSpanishforanentireweek.單句寫作③幾周之后，約翰終于決定打掃他的房間，卻意識到這是一項比他預期更加艱巨的任務。Afterseveralweeks,Johnfinallyattemptedtocleanhisroom，onlytorealiseitwasabiggertaskthanhehadanticipated.(動作描寫)歸納拓展(1)attempttodo/(at)doing...嘗試(試圖)做……(2)makeanattempttodo/(at)doing...嘗試做……atthefirstattempt第一次嘗試好句積累Theyounggirlsuccessfullyflewherkiteatthefirstattempt,takingadvantageofthewindyafternoon.(動作描寫)這個小女孩利用多風的下午，第一次嘗試就成功地放飛了她的風箏。名師點津attempttodosth.,try/seektodosth.強調(diào)的是努力做某事的過程，不一定成功；而managetodosth.則表示“設法做成某事”，強調(diào)結(jié)果。7．basen．基地，大本營；基礎vt.以……為基地即時訓練單句語法填空①Thedoctorbasedhisdiagnosison/upontheresultsofthevarioustestsconducted.②Themovieisbased(base)on/uponatruestoryofasoldier,anditisquitemoving.③Studentswereselectedforthescholarshiponthebasisoftheiracademicperformanceandfinancialneed.④(2024·北京卷)Tofacilitateourcomprehensionoftheworld,webuildmodelsbased(base)onconceptualmetaphors(隱喻)thatarefamiliartous.句型轉(zhuǎn)換⑤Baseduponatruestoryofasoldier,themovieisquitemoving.(把句②改為簡單句)歸納拓展(1)base...on/upon...把……建立在……基礎之上bebasedon/upon以……為基礎；依據(jù)……(2)basicadj.基本的；基礎的(3)basisn．基礎；基點；根據(jù)onaregularbasis定期onthebasisof...根據(jù)……；在……的基礎上好句積累Itisimportanttoexerciseonaregularbasistostayfitandhealthy.(建議信)定期鍛煉對保持身體健康很重要。8．commentn．評論；意見vi.&vt.表達意見；作出評論即時訓練單句語法填空①Haveyougotanycommentstomake(make)aboutthecauseofthedisaster?一句多譯②老師經(jīng)常談論那兩個男孩的不同之處。→Theteacheroftencommentson/uponhowdifferentthetwoboysare.(commentv．)→Theteacheroftenmakescommentson/abouthowdifferentthetwoboysare.(commentn．)歸納拓展(1)commenton/upon...對……發(fā)表評論(2)makecommentson/about...對……加以評論makenocomment未作評論好句積累Ifyouacceptourinvitation,you'dbeexpectedtogradeeachstudent'spresentationandmakeyourcommentsabouttheirperformance.(邀請信)如果你接受我們的邀請，你應該對每個學生的演出打分，并對他們的表現(xiàn)發(fā)表評論。9．observevt.觀察；注意；遵守；慶祝即時訓練語境辨義①Thoughhavinglivedabroadforyears,manyChinesestillobservethetraditionalcustoms.vt.遵守②ItisatraditionforthepeopleheretoobservetheSpringFestival.vt.慶祝③Inthelibrary,Iobservedastudentorganisehisnotesneatlyhighlightingkeypointsandcreatingsummaries.vt.注意(到)單句語法填空④Frommywindow,Iobservedchildrenbuilding(build)snowmenandthrowingsnowballs,makingthemostoutofthesnowyday.句式升級⑤Inthelibrary,astudentwasobservedtoorganisehisnotesneatly，highlightingkeypointsandcreatingsummaries.(用被動語態(tài)改寫句③)歸納拓展(1)observesb.dosth.觀察某人做某事observesb.doingsth.觀察某人正在做某事observethat...注意……(2)observationn．觀察；觀察結(jié)果好句積累Observedonthefirstdayofthefirstlunarmonth,ChineseLunarNewYear'sDay,alsocalledtheSpringFestival,enjoysgreatpopularityamongalltheChinesepeopleallovertheworld.農(nóng)歷正月初一是中國農(nóng)歷新年，也叫春節(jié)，深受全世界中國人的喜愛。(節(jié)日介紹)名師點津observe后跟不帶to的動詞不定式或動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語，即observesb.do/doingsth.；但在被動語態(tài)中必須帶to，即sb./sth.beobservedtodosth.。10．breakdown停止運轉(zhuǎn)，出故障；破壞；(談判、計劃等)失?。黄屏?；(身體)垮掉；(化學)分解即時訓練單句語法填空①Onourwaytothecountryside,thecarsuddenlybrokedown，andwehadtowaitforassistance.②Wantingtodiscoverhertrueself,Emmadecidedtobreakawayfromheroverprotectivefamilyandtravelalone.單句寫作③當鈴聲響起時，課堂開始散去，學生們朝各個方向走去。Asthebellrang,theclassbegantobreakup，withstudentsheadinginvariousdirections.(動作描寫)歸納拓展breakaway(from)掙脫(束縛)；脫離breakup驅(qū)散；分散；打碎；(婚姻或關系)結(jié)束，破裂breakinto強行闖入；突然開始breakout爆發(fā)；發(fā)生breakthrough取得突破；克服好句積累IthadbeenatoughyearforJohn.Withaheavyheartandoverwhelmedwithgrief,Johnbrokedownandcried,seekingcomfortinhistears.對于約翰來說，這是艱難的一年。心情沉重，悲痛欲絕，約翰崩潰了，放聲大哭，在眼淚中尋求慰藉。11．句型公式：the＋比較級．..,the＋比較級．..，意為“越……，就越……”教材原句Thefirst,thelargerthebodieswere,themorerapidlytheyfell...第一，物體越大，下落越快……即時訓練單句寫作①你對我們的傳統(tǒng)文化了解得越多，你就對它越感興趣。Themoreyouknowaboutourtraditionalculture,themoreinterestedyouareinit.(事件介紹)②他練習得越多，英語就會講得越好。Themorehepractises,thebetterhewillspeakEnglish.(語言學習)③你犯的錯誤越多，你取得的進步就越大。Themoremistakesyoumake,themoreprogressyouwillmake.歸納拓展“the＋比較級．..,the＋比較級．..”用法：(1)意為“越……，就越……”，表示一方隨另一方程度的變化而變化。(2)第一個“t