必修一WelcomeUnit單元培優(yōu)綜合測試卷

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

（2024?陜西安康?模擬預(yù)測）WearedelightedtoconfirmthatyourapplicationforMasterofMaterials

ResearchatQueenMaryUniversityofLondon（QMUL）hasbeensuccessful.Detailsofyourofferarelistedbelow.

EnglishLanguageRequirements

PassIELTS（Academic）withascoreof6.5including6.0inwritingand5.5oraboveinallothercomponents.

OrpassanacceptableEnglishlanguagetestfoundonourwebpages:

ExpectedAcademicStandard

Wenormallycalculatethefinaloverallmarkofdegreesusingtheweightedaveragemethod.Thismeansthat

wewilltakeintoaccountthecreditvalueofallmodules（單元）（fromallyears）thathavebeencredited.For

modulemarksthatusearange,wewillusethemid-pointoftherangeforourfinalaveragecalculation.

Pleasenotethisofferisalsoconditionalonyouracademicdegreebeingawardedwithallfinalyearmodulesat70%

orabove.OfferHolderDay

Loginnowtoyourapplicantportal（門戶網(wǎng)站）tobookyourplaceononeofourofferholderevents.Here

youwillbeabletofindoutmoreabouttheschoolyouhaveappliedto,speakdirectlytostudentsandstaffand

experiencethequalityofteachinginoneofourtasterlectures.

Deposit（訂金）

InordertosecureyourplaceatQueenMaryUniversityofLondon,inadditiontomeetingyourconditionsof

offer,youwillberequiredtopayadepositof￡2,000（2,000GBP）towardsyourtuitionfee.

1.WhatscoreshouldyougetatleastinIELTSwritingifyouwanttobeaccepted?

A.5.5.B.6.0.C.6.5.D.7.0.

2.Howwillthefinaloverallmarkofdegreesbeworkedout?

A.Byapplyingtheweightedaveragemethod.

B.Bymeasuringcreditsofallmodules.

C.Byreferringtothemid-pointoftherange.

D.Bycalculating70%ofthefinalmarks.

3.WhatcanyoudoonOfferHolderDay?

A.Givealecture.B.Payadeposit.

C.Talkwithfellowstudents.D.Signupforasport.

【答案】1.B2.A3.C

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章大意是通知申請者他們的材料研究碩士課程申請已經(jīng)成功，并列出了一

些錄取條件和要求。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)EnglishLanguageRequirements中的"PassIELTS（Academic）withascoreof6.5

including6.0inwriting（通過雅思學(xué)術(shù)類考試，總分達(dá)到6.5分，其中寫作部分達(dá)到6.0分）”可知，要想被倫

敦瑪麗女王大學(xué)錄取，IELTS寫作至少需要獲得6.0分。故選B。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ExpectedAcademicStandard中的"Wenormallycalculatethefinaloverallmarkofdegrees

usingtheweightedaveragemethod（我們通常使用加權(quán)平均法來計(jì)算學(xué)位的最終總成績）”可知，拿到學(xué)位的最

終總分是通過“加權(quán)平均法（theweightedaveragemethod）”獲得的。故選A。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題o根據(jù)OfferHolderDay中的"Hereyouwillbeabletofindoutmoreabouttheschoolyouhave

appliedto,speakdirectlytostudentsandstaffandexperiencethequalityofteachinginoneofourtasterlectures.

（在這里，您將能夠更深入地了解您所申請的學(xué)校，直接與學(xué)生和教職員工交談，并在我們的一節(jié)試聽課中

體驗(yàn)教學(xué)質(zhì)量。）”可知，在OfferHolderDay可以與同學(xué)聊天。故選C。

B

（2024?湖南懷化?一模）DuetothefactthattheaveragelifeexpectancyinGhanais64yearsold,andthe

mostcommoncausesofdeatharelargelytreatableconditions,suchasmalaria,stroke,andrespiratoryinfections.

Boateng,growingupinasmallvillageinsouthernGhana/strugglingtoaccessbasichealthcare,feltanurgentcall

tohelpanddecidedhewouldmakeithislife'smissiontobringhealthcaretoremotecommunitiesinGhana.

Boatengworkedhardinschool,gettingascholarshiptostudybiologyatCornellUniversityintheUS,and

ultimatelyearnedhismaster'sinHealthcareAdministration.Laterhestartedhisnonprofit,OKBHopeFoundation,

andconvertedavanintoamobiledoctor'sofficecalledtheHopeHealthVantobringhealthcaredirectlytothose

inneedin2021.

Afewtimesaweek,themobileclinicandmedicalteamtravellongdistancestoremotecommunitiesin

Ghanaandprovidefreeroutinemedicalcare.Oneachtrip,Boateng'steamconsistsofanurse,aphysician's

assistant,adoctor,andanoperationassistant.Inthevan,theycanrunbasiclabslikebloodworkandurinalysisas

wellasprescribeandprovidemedications.4<Ifslikeaone-stopshopforpeople,saidBoateng,addingthatmostof

thepeopletheyseehaveonehealthissueoranother.

Sinceitslaunch,BoatengsaystheHopeHealthVanhasservedmorethan4,000Ghanaiansacrossmorethan

45ruralcommunitieswhootherwisedon'thaveeasilyaccessiblemedicalcare.Tosupplementthemobileclinic,

Boateng'sorganizationhasalsotrained20volunteerstoserveaslocalhealthadvocates.Theycheckpeople'svitals

andprovidethemedicalteamwithtimelydataforassessinghowtomoveforwardwithcareandtreatment,

especiallyforthosewhosehealthisatrisk.

Inthefuture,Boatenghopestoexpandtoprovidemoreconsistentandhigh-qualitymedicalcarenotonlyto

thoselivinginremoteareasofGhanabutinothercountriesaswell.4tIbelievethatourmodelcanbereplicatedin

sub-SaharanAfrica,hesaid.

4.WhatinspiredBoatengtosethislifegoal?

A.Hewantedtogetascholarship.

B.Manylocalsdiedofdeadlydiseases.

C.Thebirthplaceofhimwassmallandpoor.

D.Basichealthcarewasinaccessibleforlocals.

5.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?

A.HowBoateng'steamfunctions.B.WhyBoateng'steamwasfounded.

C.WhatBoateng5steamhasachieved.D.WhereBoateng9steamhastravelled.

6.WhatisBoateng'sattitudetohisteaminthefuture?

A.Ambiguous.B.Ambitious.C.Indifferent.D.Doubtful.

7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Avanbringingmedicalcaretothousands

B.Acountrylackingbasichealthcare

C.Effortstoprovidepeoplewithmedications

D.MobilevanstravellingthroughGhana

【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.A

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章通過敘述Boateng的個(gè)人故事，展示了他如何致力于改善加納偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的

基本醫(yī)療保健服務(wù)，并期望將這種模式復(fù)制到其他國家。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Boateng,growingupinasmallvillageinsouthernGhana/strugglingtoaccess

basichealthcare,feltanurgentcalltohelpanddecidedhewouldmakeithislife'smissiontobringhealthcareto

remotecommunitiesinGhana/Boateng在加納南部的一個(gè)小村莊長大，很難獲得基本的醫(yī)療保健，他感到迫

切需要幫助，并決定把為加納偏遠(yuǎn)社區(qū)提供醫(yī)療保健作為自己的一生使命。丫'可知，Boateng在加納南部的

一個(gè)小村莊長大，很難獲得基本的醫(yī)療保健，因此感到迫切需要幫助，所以Boateng決定把為加納偏遠(yuǎn)社區(qū)

提供醫(yī)療保健作為自己的一生使命。故選D。

5.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“Afewtimesaweek,themobileclinicandmedicalteamtravellong

distancestoremotecommunitiesinGhanaandprovidefreeroutinemedicalcare.Oneachtrip,Boateng'steam

consistsofanurse,aphysician'sassistant,adoctor,andanoperationassistant.Inthevan,theycanrunbasiclabs

likebloodworkandurinalysisaswellasprescribeandprovidemedications.''It'slikeaone-stopshopforpeople,"

saidBoateng,addingthatmostofthepeopletheyseehaveonehealthissueoranother.（流動(dòng)診所和醫(yī)療隊(duì)每周幾

次長途跋涉前往加納的偏遠(yuǎn)社區(qū)，提供免費(fèi)的常規(guī)醫(yī)療服務(wù)。每次旅行，Boateng的團(tuán)隊(duì)都由一名護(hù)士、一

名醫(yī)師助理、一名醫(yī)生和一名手術(shù)助理組成。在這輛面包車?yán)?，他們可以進(jìn)行血液檢查和尿液分析等基本

實(shí)驗(yàn)室，也可以開處方和提供藥物。Boateng說：“這對人們來說就像一站式商店?！彼a(bǔ)充說，他們看到的

大多數(shù)人都有這樣或那樣的健康問題。廣可知，第三段主要講述的Boateng團(tuán)隊(duì)的運(yùn)作方式，如行醫(yī)頻率、

團(tuán)隊(duì)組成和工作細(xì)則等。故選A。

6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段"Inthefuture,Boatenghopestoexpandtoprovidemoreconsistentand

high-qualitymedicalcarenotonlytothoselivinginremoteareasofGhanabutinothercountriesaswell."Ibelieve

thatourmodelcanbereplicatedinsub-SaharanAfrica,"hesaid.（未來，Boateng希望擴(kuò)大規(guī)模，不僅為生活在加

納偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的人們，也為其他國家的人們提供更加穩(wěn)定和高質(zhì)量的醫(yī)療服務(wù)?！拔蚁嘈盼覀兊哪Ｊ娇梢栽谌?/p>

哈拉以南非洲復(fù)制，"他說。）”可知，Boateng希望未來不僅為生活在加納偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的人們，也為其他國家的

人們提供更加穩(wěn)定和高質(zhì)量的醫(yī)療服務(wù)。由此可知，Boateng表達(dá)了他對自己團(tuán)隊(duì)的期望和愿景，他提到“我

們有一個(gè)更大的愿景一將這種模式復(fù)制到非洲其他國家”。這表明他對團(tuán)隊(duì)的未來持有雄心勃勃的態(tài)度，

希望他們能夠在更廣泛的范圍內(nèi)取得成功和產(chǎn)生影響。故選B。

7.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Boatengworkedhardinschool,gettingascholarshiptostudybiologyatCornell

UniversityintheUS,andultimatelyearnedhismaster'sinHealthcareAdministration.Laterhestartedhisnonprofit,

OKBHopeFoundation,andconvertedavanintoamobiledoctor'sofficecalledtheHopeHealthVantobring

healthcaredirectlytothoseinneedin2021.（Boateng在學(xué)校努力學(xué)習(xí)，獲得了美國康奈爾大學(xué)生物學(xué)專業(yè)的獎(jiǎng)

學(xué)金，并最終獲得了醫(yī)療管理碩士學(xué)位。后來，他創(chuàng)辦了自己的非營利組織OKB希望基金會(huì)，并將一輛面

包車改裝成移動(dòng)醫(yī)生辦公室，名為“HopeHealthVan”，于2021年直接為有需要的人提供醫(yī)療服務(wù)。戶以及

全文內(nèi)容可知，文本主要講述了Boateng通過他的非營利組織以及HopeHealthVan來改善加納偏遠(yuǎn)社區(qū)的

醫(yī)療保健服務(wù)的努力。這輛車直接為有需要的人提供醫(yī)療服務(wù)，為加納多個(gè)農(nóng)村社區(qū)的超過4000人提供服

務(wù)。因此，選項(xiàng)A“Avanbringingmedicalcaretothousands（一輛為數(shù)千人帶來醫(yī)療服務(wù)的車）”準(zhǔn)確地概括了

文本的主要內(nèi)容和重點(diǎn)。故選A。

C

（2024?江蘇南通?三模）Inarecentstudyofhealthyvolunteers,NationalInstitutesofHealthresearchers

discoveredthatourbrainsmayreplaymemoriesoflearningnewskillswhenwerest.

NIHresearchershavemappedoutthebrainactivitythatflowswhenwelearnanewskill,suchasplayinga

newsongonthepiano,andfoundthatduringshortrestthevolunteers9brainsrapidlyandrepeatedlyreplayedfaster

versionsoftheactivityseenwhiletheypracticedtypingacode.Themoreavolunteerreplayedtheactivitythe

bettertheyperformedduringsubsequentpracticesessions.

ThestudywasconductedattheNIHClinicalCenter.TheteamofDr.Cohen,M.D.,seniorinvestigatorat

theNIH'sNationalInstituteofNeurologicalDisordersandStroke（NINDS）,usedahighlysensitivescanning

techniquetorecordthebrainwavesof33healthy,right-handedvolunteersastheylearnedtotypeafive-digittest

codewiththeirlefthands.Thesubjectssatinachairandunderthescanner'slong,cone-shapedcap.Anexperiment

beganwhenasubjectwasshownthecode”41234"onascreenandaskedtotypeitoutasmanytimesaspossible

for10secondsandthentakea10secondbreak.Subjectswereaskedtorepeatthiscycleofalternating（交替的）

practiceandrestsessionsatotalof35times.

Duringthefirstfewtrials,thespeedatwhichsubjectscorrectlytypedthecodeimproveddramaticallyand

thenleveledoffaroundthe11thcycle.Inapreviousstudy,Dr.Cohen'steamshowedthatmostofthesegains

happenedduringshortrests,andnotwhenthesubjectsweretyping.Moreover,thegainsweregreaterthanthose

madeafteranighfssleepandwererelatedwithadecreaseinthesizeofbrainwaves,calledbetarhythms.Inthis

newreport,theresearcherssearchedforsomethingdifferentinthesubjects'brainwaves.

“Wewantedtoexplorethemechanisms（機(jī)制）behindmemorystrengtheningseenduringwakefulrest.

Severalformsofmemoryappeartorelyonthereplayingofneural（神經(jīng)的）activity,sowedecidedtotestthisidea

outforproceduralskilllearning,9,saidEthanR.Buch,Ph.D.,astaffscientistonDr.Cohen'steamandleaderofthe

study.Todothis,Dr.Buchdevelopedacomputerprogramwhichallowedtheteamtounderstandthebrainwave

activityassociatedwithtypingeachnumberinthetestcode.

Interestingly,theyfoundthatthemoreavolunteerreplayed,thebettertheirperformancewas."Wewereabit

surprisedbytheselastresults.Overall,ourresultssupporttheideathatthereplayactivityduringwakingrestmay

beapowerfultoolthatresearcherscanusetohelpindividualslearnnewskillsfasterandpossiblyfacilitate

recoveryfromstroke.saidDr.Cohen.

8.WhathaveNIHresearchersrecentlyfound?

A.Thebrainactivityslowlyflowswhenwelearnanewskill.

B.Thevalueofshortpracticesessionscan'tbeoverestimated.

C.Shortrestmakesnodifferencetotheneuralreplayoftheactivity.

D.Thefrequencyofbrainreplaycontributestopracticeperformances.

9.WhatismainlytalkedaboutinParagraph3?

A.Theprocessoftheresearch.

B.Thefacilitiesoftheresearch.

C.Theapplicationoftheresearch.

D.Thepreparationsoftheresearch.

10.WhydidDr.Buchdevelopacomputerprogram?

A.Todistinguishthefirst11cyclesfromthelaterones.

B.Toconfirmtheroleofneuralreplayinskilllearning.

C.Toexplorethepotentialeffectsofprocedurallearning.

D.Tofindoutthereasonsforthechangesinbrainwaves.

11.WhatdoesDr.Cohenthinkoftheresearchfindings?

A.Acceptable.

B.Promising.

C.Shallow.

D.Dismissive.

【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.A

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹一研究中，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)人們休息時(shí)，大腦可能會(huì)重放學(xué)習(xí)新技

能的記憶。

8.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“NIHresearchershavemappedoutthebrainactivitythatflowswhenwelearnanew

skill,suchasplayinganewsongonthepiano,andfoundthatduringshortrestthevolunteers5brainsrapidlyand

repeatedlyreplayedfasterversionsoftheactivityseenwhiletheypracticedtypingacode.Themoreavolunteer

replayedtheactivitythebettertheyperformedduringsubsequentpracticesessions.（美國國立衛(wèi)生研究院的研究

人員繪制出了我們學(xué)習(xí)一項(xiàng)新技能時(shí)的大腦活動(dòng)，比如在鋼琴上彈奏一首新歌。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在短暫的休息

期間，志愿者的大腦會(huì)快速地、反復(fù)地重播他們練習(xí)打字時(shí)看到的更快版本的活動(dòng)。志愿者重復(fù)練習(xí)的次

數(shù)越多，他們在隨后的練習(xí)中表現(xiàn)就越好）“可知，美國國立衛(wèi)生研究院的研究人員最近發(fā)現(xiàn)大腦回放的頻率

有助于練習(xí)表現(xiàn)。故選D。

9.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“ThestudywasconductedattheNIHClinicalCenter.TheteamofDr.Cohen,M.D.,

seniorinvestigatorattheNIH'sNationalInstituteofNeurologicalDisordersandStroke（NINDS）,usedahighly

sensitivescanningtechniquetorecordthebrainwavesof33healthy,right-handedvolunteersastheylearnedto

typeafive-digittestcodewiththeirlefthands.Thesubjectssatinachairandunderthescanner'slong,

cone-shapedcap.Anexperimentbeganwhenasubjectwasshownthecode"41234"onascreenandaskedtotype

itoutasmanytimesaspossiblefor10secondsandthentakea10secondbreak.Subjectswereaskedtorepeatthis

cycleofalternating（交替的）practiceandrestsessionsatotalof35times.（這項(xiàng)研究在美國國立衛(wèi)生研究院臨床

中心進(jìn)行?？贫鞑┦渴敲绹鴩⑿l(wèi)生研究院國家神經(jīng)疾病和中風(fēng)研究所（NINDS）的高級研究員，他的團(tuán)隊(duì)使

用了一種高度敏感的掃描技術(shù)，記錄了33名健康的右撇子志愿者在學(xué)習(xí)用左手輸入五位數(shù)測試代碼時(shí)的腦

電波。受試者坐在椅子上，在掃描儀的長錐形帽下。實(shí)驗(yàn)開始時(shí)，受試者在屏幕上看到代碼“41234”，并被

要求在10秒內(nèi)盡可能多地輸入該代碼，然后休息10秒。受試者被要求重復(fù)這種交替練習(xí)和休息的循環(huán)，

總共35次）”可知，本段在介紹研究的過程。故選A。

10.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“"Wewantedtoexplorethemechanisms（機(jī)制）behindmemorystrengtheningseen

duringwakefulrest.Severalformsofmemoryappeartorelyonthereplayingofneural（神經(jīng)的）activity,sowe

decidedtotestthisideaoutfbrproceduralskilllearning,saidEthanR.Buch,Ph.D.,astaffscientistonDr.

Cohen'steamandleaderofthestudy.Todothis,Dr.Buchdevelopedacomputerprogramwhichallowedtheteam

tounderstandthebrainwaveactivityassociatedwithtypingeachnumberinthetestcode.（"我們想探索清醒休息

期間記憶增強(qiáng)背后的機(jī)制。有幾種形式的記憶似乎依賴于神經(jīng)活動(dòng)的重演，所以我們決定在程序技能學(xué)習(xí)

中驗(yàn)證這個(gè)想法，”科恩團(tuán)隊(duì)的一名科學(xué)家、該研究的負(fù)責(zé)人EthanR.Buch博士說。為了做到這一點(diǎn)，布赫

博士開發(fā)了一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)程序，使團(tuán)隊(duì)能夠了解與輸入測試代碼中的每個(gè)數(shù)字相關(guān)的腦電波活動(dòng)）”可知，Buch

博士要開發(fā)一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)程序是為了確認(rèn)神經(jīng)重放在技能學(xué)習(xí)中的作用。故選B。

11.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Interestingly,theyfoundthatthemoreavolunteerreplayed,thebettertheir

performancewas.t4Wewereabitsurprisedbytheselastresults.Overall,ourresultssupporttheideathatthereplay

activityduringwakingrestmaybeapowerfultoolthatresearcherscanusetohelpindividualslearnnewskills

fasterandpossiblyfhci出aterecoveryfromstroke."saidDr.Cohen.（有趣的是，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)志愿者重復(fù)播放的次數(shù)

越多，他們的表現(xiàn)就越好。“我們對最后的結(jié)果感到有點(diǎn)驚訝。總的來說，我們的研究結(jié)果支持這樣一種觀

點(diǎn)，即在清醒休息期間的重放活動(dòng)可能是一種強(qiáng)大的工具，研究人員可以使用它來幫助個(gè)人更快地學(xué)習(xí)新

技能，并可能促進(jìn)中風(fēng)后的恢復(fù)。"Cohen博士說）”可推知，Cohen博士對研究結(jié)果是認(rèn)同的。故選A。

D

（23-24高三下?河南焦作?階段練習(xí)）CarlWieman,aNobelPrize-winningphysicistatStandfordUniversity,

excelledinthelab,wherehecreatedtheBose-Einsteincondensate（玻色一愛因斯坦凝聚態(tài)）.However,his

masteryinthelabdidnotextendtotheclassroom.Foryears,hewrestledwithwhatseemedtobeastraightforward

task:makingundergraduatescomprehendphysicsashedid.Layingitoutforthem-explaining,even

demonstratingthecoreconceptsofthediscipline-wasnotworking.Despitehisclearexplanations,hisstudents5

capacitytosolvetheproblemsheposedtothemremainedinadequate.

Itwasinanunexpectedplacethathefoundthekeytotheproblem:notinhisclassroomsbutamongthe

graduatestudents（研究生）whocametoworkinhislab.WhenhisPH.D.candidatesenteredthelab,Wieman

noticed,theirhabitsofthoughtwerenolessnarrowandrigidthantheundergraduates.Withinayearortwo,

however,thesesamegraduatestudentstransformedintotheflexiblethinkershewastryingsoearnestly,and

unsuccessfully,tocultivate."Somekindofintellectualprocessmusthavebeenmissingfromthetraditional

education,Wiemanrecounts.

Amajorfactorinthegraduatestudents9transformation,Wiemanconcluded,wastheirexperienceofintense

socialengagementaroundabodyofknowledge-thehourstheyspentadvising,debatingwith,andrecounting

anecdotestooneanother.In2019,astudypublishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences

backedthisidea.Trackingtheintellectualadvancementofseveralhundredgraduatestudentsinthesciencesover

thecourseoffouryears,itsauthorsfoundthatthedevelopmentofcrucialskillssuchasgeneratinghypotheses6發(fā)

設(shè)），designingexperiments,andanalyzingdatawascloselyrelatedtothestudents9engagementwiththeirpeersin

thelab,ratherthantheguidancetheyreceivedfromtheirfacultymentors（導(dǎo)師）.

WiemanisoneofagrowingnumberofStanfordprofessorswhoarebringingthis“activelearning^^approach

totheircourses.Hisaspirationistomovescienceeducationawayfromthelectureformat,towardamodelthatis

moreactiveandmoreengaged.

12.WhatproblemdidCarlWiemanhavewithhisundergraduates?

A.Makingthemexcelinthelab.B.Demonstratinglabexperiments.

C.Facilitatingtheirall-rounddevelopment.D.Enhancingtheirphysicsproblem-solving.

13.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthegraduatestudentswhofirstjoinedWieman'slab?

A.Limitedinthinking.B.Resistanttonewideas.

C.Flexibleandearnest.D.Experiencedandcooperative.

14.Whatiscrucialfordevelopingstudents5intelligentthoughtaccordingtothe2019study?

A.Intenselabwork.B.Peerpressureandevaluation.

C.Academicinteractionwithfellows.D.Engagementwithexternalsociety.

15.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.TransformingGraduates9HabitsB.CarlWieman'sNobelPrizeJourney

C.TheNobel-PrizeWinner'sStrugglesD.CarlWieman'sEducationInnovation

【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.D

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)獲得者美國斯坦福大學(xué)教授CarlWieman試圖幫助

本科生提高解決問題的能力而進(jìn)行了教學(xué)創(chuàng)新，將“主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)”的方法引入課程，希望將科學(xué)教育從講座形式

轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐环N更加積極和更加投入的模式。

12.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容“Despitehisclearexplanations,hisstudents5capacitytosolvetheproblems

heposedtothemremainedinadequate.（盡管他解釋得很清楚，但他的學(xué)生解決他提出的問題的能力仍然不足）”

可知，他的學(xué)生（本科生）仍然無法提高解決他提出的問題的能力，即他在提高學(xué)生的物理解題能力方面

遇到了問題。故選D項(xiàng)。

13.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容“WhenhisPH.D.candidatesenteredthelab,Wiemannoticed,theirhabits

ofthoughtwerenolessnarrowandrigidthantheundergraduates.（Wieman注意到，當(dāng)他的博士候選人，即，研

究生們進(jìn)入實(shí)驗(yàn)室時(shí)，他們的思維習(xí)慣和本科生一樣狹隘和僵化）”可知，初入實(shí)驗(yàn)室時(shí)的他們思維習(xí)慣和本

科生一樣狹隘和僵化。由此推知，選項(xiàng)A-Limitedinthinking.（思維有限戶是對剛開始進(jìn)入實(shí)驗(yàn)室的研究生的

描述。故選A項(xiàng)。

14.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“Trackingtheintellectualadvancementofseveralhundredgraduate

studentsinthesciencesoverthecourseoffouryears,itsauthorsfoundthatthedevelopmentofcrucialskillssuch

asgeneratinghypotheses,designingexperiments,andanalyzingdatawascloselyrelatedtothestudents5

engagementwiththeirpeersinthelab...（該報(bào)告的作者在四年的時(shí)間里追蹤了數(shù)百名科學(xué)研究生的智力發(fā)展，

發(fā)現(xiàn)關(guān)鍵技能的發(fā)展，如提出假設(shè)、設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)和分析數(shù)據(jù)，與學(xué)生在實(shí)驗(yàn)室與同齡人的互動(dòng)密切相關(guān)……y

可知，2019年的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)關(guān)鍵技能的發(fā)展，比如提出假設(shè)、設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)和分析數(shù)據(jù)等這些思維方面的關(guān)鍵技

能，與學(xué)生在實(shí)驗(yàn)室與同齡人的互動(dòng)密切相關(guān)。故選c項(xiàng)。

15.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的總結(jié)“WiemanisoneofagrowingnumberofStanfordprofessorswhoare

bringingthis“activeleaming^^approachtotheircourses.Hisaspirationistomovescienceeducationawayfromthe

lectureformat,towardamodelthatismoreactiveandmoreengaged.（越來越多的斯坦福大學(xué)教授將這種“主動(dòng)

學(xué)習(xí)”的方法引入他們的課程，Wieman就是其中之一。他的愿望是將科學(xué)教育從講座形式轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐环N更加

積極和更加投入的模式）”可知，文章主要講述了CarlWieman在教學(xué)中發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)生的思維能力和解決問題的能

力較差，并找到了解決方案——在實(shí)驗(yàn)室的研究生身上發(fā)現(xiàn)思維能力的提升關(guān)鍵是和同伴進(jìn)行的學(xué)術(shù)交流，

從而將"主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)”的方法引入課程。由此可知，選項(xiàng)DccCarlWieman^EducationIrinovation（CarlWieman的

教育創(chuàng)新）”適合作本文標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

（2024?湖北黃岡?三模）Inourmoderneconomy,acceleratedlearningcanbecrucialforsuccess.Learningfaster

meansgainingmoreknowledge-quickerthanothers.16Anyonecanlearnfromthemandacceleratetheir

learningprocesswiththefollowingtechniques.CombineLearningStylesThatPlaytoYourStrengths

Whenyouaimtoaccelerateyourlearning,whatyouchoosetolearnshouldnotbelimitedtoacurriculumor

classroomstructure.17Differentmaterialsalongwithyourlearningstylecanaccelerateorslowdown

yourcomprehensionprocess.Thebestlearningstyleistheonethatmakesiteasiertoprocess,orcomprehendideas,

andsubjectsfaster.Onceyouknowyourlearningstrengthsandweaknesses,youcanchooselearningstrategiesthat

playtoyourstrengths.SeekFirsttoUnderstandTheBasicStructureofTheTopicYouChoose

18Soyouneedtoseekfirsttounderstandthebasics.Inotherwords,youhavetogettoknowthetree's

root,trunk,thenbranchoutfromthere.Don'tstartfromthebranchesortheleaves,pursuetherootandworkyour

waytothetopic.Therefore,whatevertopicyouchoosetolearnorstudy,juststartwiththebasics.GiveYourself

PlentyofTimeinBoth“Focused”And“Diffused”（分散的）Modes

Normally,thehumanbrainisnotmeanttostayin"focused“modeforhoursatatime.19

Consequently,whenyourbrainisactiveforaverylongtime,you'reactuallyblockingyouraccesstothediffused

mode——amorerelaxedstate.

Therefore,diffusedmodeisjustasvaluableasthefocusedmode.So-justtakebreaks,letyourmind

wander,thinkaboutotherthings,andgiveyourbrainplentyoftimetomakebetterconnections.20

A.Youcanbenefitalotfromstayingfocused.

B.Smartlearnersdon'thaveanyspecialsecrets.

C.Youshouldtrytochoosewhateveryoulikebest.

D.Everytopicorsubjecthasalogicalstructuretoit.

E.Thenyoucanlearnbetterbyimposingbreaksonyourself.

F.Long-lastingattentiontoasingletaskcanblockmemoryandrecall.

G.Youcanpracticallychoosecontentfrommanysources,experts,andauthors.

【答案】16.B17.G18.D19.F20.E

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些技巧以幫助人們更加有效地進(jìn)行快速學(xué)習(xí)。

16.根據(jù)空后的“Anyonecanlearnfromthemandacceleratetheirlearningprocesswiththefollowingtechniques.

（任何人都可以向他們學(xué)習(xí)，并通過以下技巧加速他們的學(xué)習(xí)過程）''可推測，空處提到了一些會(huì)快速學(xué)習(xí)的

人。選項(xiàng)B46Smartlearnersdon?thaveanyspecialsecrets.（聰明的學(xué)習(xí)者沒有什么特別的秘密。）“中的"Smart

learners”與下文的“them”保持一致，內(nèi)容上也自然引出下文內(nèi)容。故選B。

17.根據(jù)標(biāo)題“CombineLearningStylesThatPlaytoYourStrengths（結(jié)合能發(fā)揮你優(yōu)勢的學(xué)習(xí)方式）“以及空前

的“Whenyouaimtoaccelerateyourlearning,whatyouchoosetolearnshouldnotbelimitedtoacurriculumor

classroomstructure.（當(dāng)你的目標(biāo)是加速你的學(xué)習(xí)，你選擇學(xué)習(xí)不應(yīng)該局限于課程或課堂結(jié)構(gòu)）”可知，我們可

以選擇學(xué)習(xí)課程或課堂之外的內(nèi)容；而下文"Differentmaterialsalongwithyourlearningstylecanaccelerateor

slowdownyourcomprehensionprocess.（根據(jù)你的學(xué)習(xí)方式選擇不同的材料可以加速或減緩你的理解過程）”則

指出不同的學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容選擇不同的學(xué)習(xí)方式。選項(xiàng)G"Youcanpracticallychoosecontentfrommanysources,

experts,andauthors.（實(shí)際上，您可以從許多來源、專家和作者中選擇內(nèi)容。）”與上下文內(nèi)容一致，指的是選

擇不同的學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容，并采用適當(dāng)?shù)膶W(xué)習(xí)方式。故選G。

18.根據(jù)下文“Soyouneedtoseekfirsttounderstandthebasics.Inotherwords,youhavetogettoknowthetree's

root,trunk,thenbranchoutfromthere.Don'tstartfromthebranchesortheleaves,pursuetherootandworkyour

waytothetopic.Therefore,whatevertopicyouchoosetolearnorstudy,juststartwiththebasics.（所以你需要先了

解基礎(chǔ)知識。換句話說，你必須了解樹的根，樹干，然后從那里伸出樹枝。不要從枝葉入手，要追根溯源，

直達(dá)主題。因此，無論你選擇學(xué)習(xí)或研究什么主題，都要從基礎(chǔ)開始）”可知，我們要了解自己所學(xué)內(nèi)容的結(jié)

構(gòu)。選項(xiàng)D“Everytopicorsubjecthasalogicalstructuretoit.（每個(gè)話題或主題都有一個(gè)邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)。）”自然引出

下文內(nèi)容，指出每個(gè)話題或主題都有一個(gè)邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)，所以我們應(yīng)該了解自己所學(xué)內(nèi)容的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)。故選D。

19.根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Normally,thehumanbrainisnotmeanttostayin"fbcused"modeforhoursatatime.（正常情

況下，人類的大腦不會(huì)一次保持幾個(gè)小時(shí)的“專注”模式）”可知，人類大腦不會(huì)一直保持專注。選項(xiàng)

F'6Long-lastingattentiontoasingletaskcanblockmemoryandrecall.（長時(shí)間專注于一項(xiàng)任務(wù)會(huì)阻礙記憶和回

憶。戶與上文內(nèi)容一致，指的是人類大腦不能一直保持專注，同時(shí)弓|出下文"Consequently,whenyourbrainis

activeforaverylongtime,you'reactuallyblockingyouraccesstothediffusedmode——amorerelaxedstate.（因止匕，

當(dāng)你的大腦長時(shí)間處于活躍狀態(tài)時(shí)，你實(shí)際上是在阻礙你進(jìn)入擴(kuò)散模式——一種更放松的狀態(tài)）”。故選F。

20.根據(jù)上文內(nèi)^''Therefore,diffusedmodeisjustasvaluableasthefocusedmode.So-justtakebreaks,letyour

mindwander,thinkaboutotherthings,andgiveyourbrainplentyoftimetomakebetterconnections.（因止匕，擴(kuò)散

模式和聚焦模式一樣有價(jià)值。所以，只要休息一下，讓你的思想游離，想想其他事情，給你的大腦足夠的

時(shí)間來建立更好的聯(lián)系）“可知，上文提出我們應(yīng)該勞逸結(jié)合。選項(xiàng)E“Thenyoucanlearnbetterbyimposing

breaksonyourself.（然后你可以通過給自己一些休息時(shí)間來學(xué)得更好。）”與上文內(nèi)容相符，指出休息會(huì)讓學(xué)習(xí)

效果更好。故選E。

第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

（2024?廣東江門?二模）Spanishclassscaredmeinthefreshmanyear.IknewlittleSpanishbeforestarting

theclass,andIthoughtitwouldbe21forme.However,Mary,ourhonoredSpanishteacher,whowas

fullofcreativity,madeherclassfunfromthebeginning.Iknewwhattoexpectwithascheduleforeachweek,but

therewasalwayssomeslight22.

Beforetheexam,Maryoftenaskedusto23ourlessonsbyourselves.ButIcouldrememberone

dayshesaid,t4Thistime,lefsplayagamebeforegoingoverwhatyou'veleamed.^^Thegamewassointeresting

thatweall24ourselves.Aftertheexam,Marygaveusopportunitiestomakeupforour25.

Aftereacherrorcorrection,shewouldcheckagain.Shetookthingsso26thatshewouldn,toverlook

anydetail.Nowondershewas27byus.

Marywas28andwillingtohelp,withinreason,oneverything.Wecouldaskherquestionsatany

time.Sheencouragedeveryonetospea