PAGE1專題09過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)選修二

Unit4內(nèi)容早知道?第一層鞏固提升練考點(diǎn)一、過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)的用法考點(diǎn)二、過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)的用法考點(diǎn)三、過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)和作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別?第二層能力培優(yōu)練精選各地綜合性練習(xí)題，幫助學(xué)生能力提升與培優(yōu)?第三層拓展突破練最新高考真題操練相關(guān)知識(shí)點(diǎn)，助力學(xué)生取得更大突破過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)的用法【知識(shí)積累·練前熱身】【知識(shí)積累·練前熱身】1.概念：過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，其作用相當(dāng)于形容詞，用于說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)或特征，通常與系動(dòng)詞（如be,get,become,look,seem,feel,sound,taste,remain等）連用。2.構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式。3.用法及例句表示主語(yǔ)的心理或情感狀態(tài)：I'minterestedinthisbook.（我對(duì)這本書感興趣。）其中interested是過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，表示主語(yǔ)“I”的情感狀態(tài)。表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)或情況：Thedoorremainedlocked.（門仍然鎖著。）locked說(shuō)明門的狀態(tài)。用于描述主語(yǔ)的外觀或特征：Thecitylooksdamagedaftertheearthquake.（地震后這座城市看起來(lái)受損了。）damaged描述城市的外觀特征。一、單項(xiàng)選擇題1.Thechildrenwere______afterthelongjourney.A.tiringB.tiredC.beingtiredD.tobetired2.Thestorysounds______.A.interestingB.interestedC.interestD.tointerest3.Thecupis______.Ineedtobuyanewone.A.breakB.breakingC.brokenD.tobreak4.Shelooks______inhernewdress.A.beautifullyB.beautyC.tobebeautifulD.beautiful5.Theresultoftheexamwas______.Hewasdisappointed.A.disappointingB.disappointedC.disappointD.todisappoint二、填空題1.Afterhoursofnegotiation,thetermsofthecontractseemedfinally________(settle),andbothpartieswerereadytosign.2.Theaudiencewasleft________(astonish)bythemagician'sincredibleperformancethatdefiedalllogic.3.Thestudentswere______(thrill)tolearnthattheywouldhavetheopportunitytomeetafamousscientistinperson.4.Theoldcastle,oncemagnificent,nowappearedrather________(neglect)withbrokenwallsandovergrownweeds.5.Thesituationintheregionhasbecomeincreasingly______(complicate),withmultiplefactorsinteractinginunexpectedways.過(guò)去分詞作狀的用法【知識(shí)積累【知識(shí)積累·練前熱身】1.概念：過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，它在句中可以表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步、伴隨等意義，其邏輯主語(yǔ)通常是句子的主語(yǔ)。2.構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式。3.用法及例句表示時(shí)間：Seenfromthetopofthehill,thecityisverybeautiful.（從山頂上看，這座城市非常美麗。）這里Seen表示“在被看的時(shí)候”，作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)是thecity。表示原因：Absorbedinhiswork,hedidn'tnoticemecomein.（因?yàn)樗麑Ｗ⒂诠ぷ?，所以沒(méi)有注意到我進(jìn)來(lái)。）Absorbed表示原因，邏輯主語(yǔ)是he。表示條件：Givenmoretime,wecoulddoitbetter.（如果給我們更多時(shí)間，我們可以做得更好。）Given表示條件，邏輯主語(yǔ)是we。表示讓步：Thoughdefeated,hedidn'tloseheart.（盡管被打敗了，他并沒(méi)有灰心。）defeated表示讓步，邏輯主語(yǔ)是he。表示伴隨：Shewalkedintotheroom,followedbyherlittledog.（她走進(jìn)房間，后面跟著她的小狗。）followed表示伴隨情況，邏輯主語(yǔ)是she。一、單項(xiàng)選擇題1.______inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.LosingB.LostC.HavinglostD.Tolose2.______fromspace,theearthlookslikeablueball.A.SeeB.SeeingC.SeenD.Tosee3.______moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.A.HavinggivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Given4.______byhisfriends,hefinallychangedhismind.A.PersuadedB.PersuadingC.TopersuadeD.Havingpersuaded5.Theteachercameintotheclassroom,______byhisstudents.A.followingB.followedC.tofollowD.havingfollowed二、填空題6.______(compare)withlastyear,oursaleshaveincreasedalot.7.______(equip)withthelatesttechnology,thefactorycanproducehigh-qualityproductsefficiently.8.______(heat)toacertaintemperature,watercanturnintosteam.9.Thedoglayontheground,______(injure)inatrafficaccident.10.______(expose)tothesunfortoolong,theflowerswilldie.過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)和作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別【知識(shí)積累·練前熱身】1.【知識(shí)積累·練前熱身】1.語(yǔ)法功能不同：作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，過(guò)去分詞與系動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)或特征，是句子的核心成分之一。例如：Theglassisbroken.（玻璃碎了。）broken作表語(yǔ)，和is共同構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，過(guò)去分詞修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子，在句中起副詞的作用，不是句子的核心成分。例如：Excitedbythenews,hejumpedup.（因?yàn)檫@個(gè)消息很激動(dòng)，他跳了起來(lái)。）Excited作原因狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞jumped。2.與主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系不同：作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，過(guò)去分詞與主語(yǔ)之間是一種主系表的關(guān)系，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)。例如：Themanseemstired.（這個(gè)人看起來(lái)很累。）tired與theman是主系表關(guān)系。作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，過(guò)去分詞與主語(yǔ)之間存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，即主語(yǔ)是過(guò)去分詞所表示動(dòng)作的承受者。例如：Hitbythecar,theboywasbadlyinjured.（這個(gè)男孩被車撞了，傷得很重。）theboy是hit這個(gè)動(dòng)作的承受者。一、單項(xiàng)選擇題1.Thewindowis______.Itneedsrepairing.A.breakB.breakingC.brokenD.tobreak2.______intheaccident,thecarwasbadlydamaged.A.InvolvingB.InvolvedC.ToinvolveD.Havinginvolved3.Themanlooked______whenheheardthenews.A.worryB.worryingC.worriedD.toworry4.______bythenoise,thebabywokeup.A.FrighteningB.FrightenedC.TofrightenD.Havingfrightened5.Thedoorremained______allnight.A.closeB.closingC.tocloseD.closed二、改錯(cuò)題6.Theboywasexcitingwhenhesawthenewtoys.______________________________________________________________________________7.Lostintheforest,aguidefoundthem.______________________________________________________________________________8.Thebookisbored.Idon'twanttoreadit.______________________________________________________________________________9.Havingnotbeeninformedofthechangeofthemeetingtime,Tomarrivedlate.______________________________________________________________________________10.Thegirlwasinterestinginthestory.______________________________________________________________________________一、語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式（不多于3個(gè)單詞）。TheWanderingEarthisaChinesesciencefictionmovie,1isbasedonthenovelof2samenamebyLiuCixin,andwasreleasedonFebruary5,2019,theChineseNewYear’sDay.Afterlearningthesunisdyingout,peopleallaroundtheworldfeel3(panic),sotheybuildgiantplanetthrusters(星球推進(jìn)器)tomovetheearthoutofitsorbitandsail4toanewstarsystem.The2500years’journeycomeswithunexpecteddangers,butinordertosavehumanity,agroupofyoungpeoplecomeoutbravelyandfighthardforeveryone’s5(survive)。We6(impress)toseethethemeofthisfilm.Itdoesn’tparticularlyshowsomebody’sabilitytosaveourworld7showsallthehumanbeingsareworkingtogether,8(spare)noefforttosavethisworld.TheWanderingEarthisseenbypeople9thedawn(開端)ofChinesesciencefictionmovies.ItmeansthatChina’ssci-fimovieshave10(official)setsail.閱讀下面短文，在空自處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式，并將答案填寫在答題卡上。IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIwenttoacoming-ofageceremony.Lastmonth,anunforgettableadultceremony1(hold)forallthesenior3studentsinourschool.Itbeganathalfpasttwointheafternoon.Decoratedbycolorfulflowersandballoons,thestadiumlooked2(fantastic)beautiful.Allofusstudentsweredressed3schooluniformswithredribbonsonourwrists,showingtheenergyofyouth.Wewalkedintothestadiuminhighspirits.4(accompany)byourparents.Ourprincipaldelivered5inspiringspeechatfirst,andwereceived6(congratulate)fromourteachers.Duringtheceremony,weexpressedourheart-feltgratitudetoourparentsby7(bow)tothem.IwasmovedtotearswhenIgotaphotoalbumfrommyparents,8remindedmeofmyhappychildhood.Intheend,weraisedourrighthandsand9(make)aseriouspromisetobecomereliableandhonestcitizens.AsfarasI’mconcerned,theceremonyindicatesthatweshouldtakeonmoreresponsibilitiestobe10(independence)andgetawayfromtheshelterofourfamily.閱讀下面的短文，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Alotoffilmshavetriedtodescribeourmemoriesoffamilymemberswhohavepassedaway.Butfewhavedoneas1(remark)asCoco,Disney-Pixar’slatestanimation,2hitthebigscreenonNov.24andwontheOscarin2018.3(inspire)bytheMexicanholidayofDayoftheDead,thefilm’sproductionteamcreatedayoungboy,Miguel,whowantshisfamilytounderstandhisloveofmusic.AnaccidenttakeshimtotheLandoftheDead.Whilethere,Miguelhas4unforgettableandadventurousnight.It’sinthismagicalworld5Miguelgetstomeetanddiscoverthetruthabouthisgreat-great-grandpa.Toprotecthimfrom6(disappear),Miguelhastobringhisphotobacktothelivingworldassoonaspossible.Whiletoldwithawildimagination,thestory7(convey)aclearandwarmmessage.“Inanerawhenyoungpeoplearesoeasilyattractedby8(celebrity),Cocorevealstheemptinessofsuchadulation(諂媚),teachingkids9(preserve)andrespectthememoryof

theirelderswhileremindingthemthatthesourceoftruecreativityissooften10(person),”wrotereporterPeterDebrugeonVariety.一、語(yǔ)法填空（2024·北京·高考真題）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。OnApril5,2024,JohnTinniswood1(name)theworld’soldestlivingman.Andwhen2(ask)abouthisnewtitle,hesharedthesecret:moderation(適度).Tinniswood,3doesn’tsmokeandrarelydrinks,creditedmoderationforhelpinghimstayhealthyduringhislonglife.“Ifyoueattoomuchordotoomuchofanything,you’regoingtosuffereventually,”hesaid.（2023·北京·高考真題）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Mangroves,knownas“redforest”inChina,growbetweenlandandsea,characterisedbytheircomplexroots.When1(see)fromafar,themangroveforestsappearmoresplendid.Mangrovescanhelpsoftenwavesandprotect2(city)fromcoastalwinds.Forthesereasons,theyarepraisedas“coastalguardians”.Uptonow,China3(establish)anumberofprotectedareaswithmangroves.二、閱讀理解（2024·新課標(biāo)II卷·高考真題）GiventheastonishingpotentialofAItotransformourlives,weallneedtotakeactiontodealwithourAI-poweredfuture,andthisiswhereAIbyDesign:APlanforLivingwithArtificialIntelligencecomesin.ThisabsorbingnewbookbyCatrionaCampbellisapracticalroadmapaddressingthechallengesposedbytheforthcomingAIrevolution(變革).Inthewronghands,suchabookcouldproveascomplicatedtoprocessasthecomputercode(代碼)thatpowersAIbut,thankfully,Campbellhasmorethantwodecades’professionalexperiencetranslatingtheheadyintotheunderstandable.Shewritesfromthepracticalangleofabusinesspersonratherthanasanacademic,makingforaguidewhichishighlyaccessibleandinformativeandwhich,bytheclose,willmakeyoufeelalmostassmartasAI.AswesooncometolearnfromAIbyDesign,AIisalreadysuper-smartandwillbecomemorecapable,movingfromthecurrentgenerationof“narrow-AI”toArtificialGeneralIntelligence.Fromthere,Campbellsays,willcomeArtificialDominantIntelligence.ThisiswhyCampbellhassetouttoraiseawarenessofAIanditsfuturenow—severaldecadesbeforethesedevelopmentsareexpectedtotakeplace.Shesaysitisessentialthatwekeepcontrolofartificialintelligence,orriskbeingsidelinedandperhapsevenworse.Campbell’spointistowakeupthoseresponsibleforAI—thetechnologycompaniesandworldleaders—sotheyareonthesamepageasalltheexpertscurrentlydevelopingit.Sheexplainsweareata“tippingpoint”inhistoryandmustactnowtopreventanextinction-leveleventforhumanity.WeneedtoconsiderhowwewantourfuturewithAItopanout.Suchstructuredthinking,followedbyglobalregulation,willenableustoachievegreatnessratherthanourdownfall.AIwillaffectusall,andifyouonlyreadonebookonthesubject,thisisit.1．Whatdoesthephrase“Inthewronghands”inparagraph2probablymean?A．Ifreadbysomeonepoorlyeducated.B．Ifreviewedbysomeoneill-intentioned.C．Ifwrittenbysomeonelesscompetent.D．Iftranslatedbysomeoneunacademic.2．WhatisafeatureofAIbyDesignaccordingtothetext?A．Itispackedwithcomplexcodes.B．Itadoptsadown-to-earthwritingstyle.C．Itprovidesstep-by-stepinstructions.D．ItisintendedforAIprofessionals.3．WhatdoesCampbellurgepeopletodoregardingAIdevelopment?A．Observeexistingregulationsonit.B．Reconsiderexpertopinionsaboutit.C．Makejointeffortstokeepitundercontrol.D．Learnfrompriorexperiencetoslowitdown.4．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A．TorecommendabookonAI.B．TogiveabriefaccountofAIhistory.C．ToclarifythedefinitionofAI.D．TohonoranoutstandingAIexpert.閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。（2024·新課標(biāo)I卷·高考真題）Notallgreatwritersaregreatspellers.Ifyouwanttobepublished,it'svitaltosubmitaperfect,professionallypresentedmanuscript(原稿).1Noeditorislikelytotolerateawriterwhodoesnottakethetroubletospellwordscorrectly.Ikeeptworeferencebooksclose-byonmydesk:dictionaryandthesaurus(同義詞詞典).Idon'ttrustmylaptop'sspellchecker.2Ofcourse,thesedaysthereareplentyofonlinedictionariesandthesauruses,butI'mold-fashionedenoughtopreferahardcoverandpagesIcanleafthroughwithmyfingers.IusetheConciseOxfordDictionaryandtheCollinsThesaurus.3Itshouldgiveyouaprecisedefinitionofeachword,thusdifferentiatingitfromotherwordswhosemeaningsaresimilar,butnotidentical.Itwillalsousuallyshowhowthewordispronounced.Inaddition,Ihaveanoldtwo-volumecopyoftheShorterOxfordDictionary,pickedupafewyearsagoinabookshopsaleforjust99pence.Ofcourse,withits2,672pages,it'snotexactlyshort.Itcontainsaround163,000words,pluswordcombinationsandidiomaticphrases.4However,ifIneedtochecktheoriginofawordortolookupexamplesofitsusage,there'snothingbetter.ForwelloverahundredyearsthemostinfluentialEnglishdictionarywasSamuelJohnson'sDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguagepublishedin1755."Tomakedictionariesisdull(乏味)work,"wroteJohnson,illustratingonedefinitionof"dull".5Afewminutesspentcastingyoureyeoverapageortwocanbearewardingexperience.A．Idon'toftenusethisdictionary.B．Ittakesnoaccountofthecontext.C．ButIstilldon'twanttoreplacethem.D．Butadictionarycanbeapleasuretoread.E．Ofcourse,adictionaryisnotonlyforspelling.F．Thatmeansgoodgrammarandnospellingmistakes.G．Dictionariesdon'talwaysgiveyouenoughinformation.三、書面表達(dá)（2023·全國(guó)·高考真題）

閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。WhenIwasinmiddleschool,mysocialstudiesteacheraskedmetoenterawritingcontest.Isaidnowithoutthinking.Ididnotlovewriting.MyfamilycamefromBrazil,soEnglishwasonlymysecondlanguage.WritingwassodifficultandpainfulformethatmyteacherhadallowedmetopresentmypaperonthesinkingoftheTitanicbyactingoutaplay,whereIplayedalltheparts.Noonelaughedharderthanhedid.So,whydidhesuddenlyforcemetodosomethingatwhichIwassuretofail?Hisreply:“BecauseIloveyourstories.Ifyou’rewillingtoapplyyourself,Ithinkyouhaveagoodshotatthis.”Encouragedbyhiswords,Iagreedtogiveitatry.IchosePaulRevere’shorseasmysubject.PaulReverewasasilversmith(銀匠)inBostonwhorodeahorseatnightonApril18,1775toLexingtontowarnpeoplethatBritishsoldierswerecoming.Mystorywouldcomestraightfromthehorse’smouth.Notabrilliantidea,butfunny;andunlikelytobeanyoneelse’schoice.Whatdidthehorsethink,ashespedthroughthenight?Didhegettired?Havedoubts?Didhewanttoquit?Isympathizedimmediately.Igottired.Ihaddoubts.Iwantedtoquit.But,likeRevere’shorse,Ikeptgoing.Iworkedhard.Icheckedmyspelling.Iaskedmyoldersistertocorrectmygrammar.IcheckedoutahalfdozenbooksonPaulReverefromthelibrary.Ievenreadafewofthem.WhenIhanded