Standardelectrodepotential(datapage)

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\o"Standardelectrodepotential"

standardelectrodepotential

Thevaluesofstandardelectrodepotentialsaregiveninthetablebelowin

\o"Volt"

volts

relativetothe

\o"Standardhydrogenelectrode"

standardhydrogenelectrode

andareforthefollowingconditions:

Atemperatureof298.15K(25°C);

An

\o"Activity(chemistry)"

effectiveconcentration

of1mol/Lforeachaqueousspeciesoraspeciesinamercury

\o"Amalgam(chemistry)"

amalgam

;

A

\o"Fugacity"

partialpressure

of101.325

\o"Pascal(unit)"

kPa

(absolute)(1

\o"Atmosphere(unit)"

atm

,1.01325

\o"Bar(unit)"

bar

)foreachgaseousreagent.Thispressureisusedbecausemostliteraturedataarestillgivenforthisvalueratherthanforthecurrentstandardof100kPa.

An

\o"Activity(chemistry)"

activity

ofunityforeachpuresolid,pureliquid,orforwater(solvent).

Legend:(s)–solid;(l)–liquid;(g)–gas;(aq)–aqueous(defaultforallchargedspecies);(Hg)–

\o"Amalgam(chemistry)"

amalgam

.

\o"Half-reaction"

Half-reaction

E°(V)

[note1]

Ref.

&

-9

Zz

9

N3?2?

\o"Nitrogen"

N2

(g)+?H++?e?

\o"Hydrogenazide"

HN3

(aq)

-3.09?3.09

[1]

[2]

\o"Lithium"

Li

++?e?Li(s)

-3.0401?3.0401

[2]

N2(g)+4?H2O+2?e?2?

\o"Hydroxylamine"

NH2OH

(aq)+2?OH?

-3.04?3.04

[1]

\o"Cesium"

Cs

++?e?Cs(s)

-3.026?3.026

[2]

\o"Rubidium"

Rb

++?e?Rb(s)

-2.98?2.98

[2]

\o"Potassium"

K

++?e?K(s)

-2.931?2.931

[2]

\o"Barium"

Ba

2++2?e?Ba(s)

-2.912?2.912

[2]

\o"Lanthanum"

La

(OH)3(s)+3?e?La(s)+3?OH?

-2.90?2.90

[2]

\o"Strontium"

Sr

2++2?e?Sr(s)

-2.899?2.899

[2]

\o"Calcium"

Ca

2++2?e?Ca(s)

-2.868?2.868

[2]

\o"Europium"

Eu

2++2?e?Eu(s)

-2.812?2.812

[2]

\o"Radium"

Ra

2++2?e?Ra(s)

-2.8?2.8

[2]

\o"Sodium"

Na

++?e?Na(s)

-2.71?2.71

[2]

[3]

\o"Scandium"

Sc

3++3?e?Sc(s)

-2.077?2.077

[4]

\o"Lanthanum"

La

3++3?e?La(s)

-2.379?2.379

[2]

\o"Yttrium"

Y

3++3?e?Y(s)

-2.372?2.372

[2]

\o"Magnesium"

Mg

2++2?e?Mg(s)

-2.372?2.372

[2]

ZrO(OH)2(s)+?H2O+4?e?Zr(s)+4?OH?

-2.36?2.36

[2]

Al(OH)4?+3?e?Al(s)+4?OH?

-2.33?2.33

Al(OH)3(s)+3?e?Al(s)+3?OH?

-2.31?2.31

\o"Hydrogen"

H2

(g)+2?e?2?H?

-2.25?2.25

\o"Actinium"

Ac

3++3?e?Ac(s)

-2.20?2.20

\o"Beryllium"

Be

2++2?e?Be(s)

-1.85?1.85

\o"Uranium"

U

3++3?e?U(s)

-1.66?1.66

[5]

\o"Aluminium"

Al

3++3?e?Al(s)

-1.66?1.66

[3]

\o"Titanium"

Ti

2++2?e?Ti(s)

-1.63?1.63

[3]

\o"Zirconiumdioxide"

ZrO2

(s)+4?H++4?e?Zr(s)+2?H2O

-1.553?1.553

[6]

\o"Zirconium"

Zr4+

+4?e?Zr(s)

-1.45?1.45

[6]

Ti3++3?e?Ti(s)

-1.37?1.37

[7]

\o"Titanium(II)oxide"

TiO

(s)+2?H++2?e?Ti(s)+?H2O

-1.31?1.31

\o"Titanium(III)oxide"

Ti2O3

(s)+2?H++2?e?2?TiO(s)+?H2O

-1.23?1.23

Zn(OH)42?+2?e?Zn(s)+4?OH?

-1.199?1.199

[6]

\o"Manganese"

Mn

2++2?e?Mn(s)

-1.185?1.185

[6]

\o"Iron"

Fe

(CN)64?+6?H++2?e?Fe(s)+6HCN(aq)

-1.16?1.16

[8]

\o"Tellurium"

Te

(s)+2?e?Te2?

-1.143?1.143

[9]

\o"Vanadium"

V

2++2?e?V(s)

-1.13?1.13

[9]

\o"Niobium"

Nb

3++3?e?Nb(s)

-1.099?1.099

\o"Tin"

Sn

(s)+4?H++4?e?SnH4(g)

-1.07?1.07

\o"Silicondioxide"

SiO

2(s)+4?H++4?e?Si(s)+2?H2O

-0.91?0.91

\o"Boricacid"

B(OH)

3(aq)+3?H++3?e?B(s)+3?H2O

-0.89?0.89

Fe(OH)2(s)+2?e?Fe(s)+2?OH?

-0.89?0.89

[8]

Fe2O3(s)+3?H2O+2?e?2Fe(OH)2(s)+2?OH?

-0.86?0.86

[8]

TiO2++2?H++4?e?Ti(s)+?H2O

-0.86?0.86

H2?

\o"Water"

?H2O

+2?e?H2(g)+2?OH?

-0.8277?0.8277

[6]

\o"Bismuth"

Bi

(s)+3?H++3?e?

\o"Bismuthine"

BiH3

-0.8?0.8

[6]

\o"Zinc"

Zn

2++2?e?Zn(Hg)

-0.7628?0.7628

[6]

\o"Zinc"

Zn

2++2?e?Zn(s)

-0.7618?0.7618

[6]

\o"Tantalumpentoxide"

Ta2O5

(s)+10?H++10?e?2?

\o"Tantalum"

Ta

(s)+5?H2O

-0.75?0.75

\o"Chromium"

Cr

3++3?e?Cr(s)

-0.74?0.74

Au[Au(CN)2]?+?e?

\o"Gold"

Au

(s)+2?CN?

-0.60?0.60

Ta3++3?e?Ta(s)

-0.6?0.6

PbO(s)+?H2O+2?e?Pb(s)+2?OH?

-0.58?0.58

Ti2?TiO2(s)+2?H++2?e?Ti2O3(s)+?H2O

-0.56?0.56

\o"Gallium"

Ga

3++3?e?Ga(s)

-0.53?0.53

U4++?e?U3+

-0.52?0.52

[5]

P

\o"Hypophosphorousacid"

H3PO2

(aq)+?H++?e?P(white)

[note2]

+2?H2O

-0.508?0.508

[6]

PH3PO3(aq)+2?H++2?e?H3PO2(aq)+?H2O

-0.499?0.499

[6]

P

\o"Phosphorousacid"

H3PO3

(aq)+3?H++3?e?P(red)

[note2]

+3?H2O

-0.454?0.454

[6]

\o"Iron"

Fe

2++2?e?Fe(s)

-0.44?0.44

[3]

C2?

\o"Carbondioxide"

CO2

(g)+2?H++2?e?

\o"Oxalicacid"

HOOCCOOH

(aq)

-0.43?0.43

Cr3++?e?Cr2+

-0.42?0.42

\o"Cadmium"

Cd

2++2?e?Cd(s)

-0.40?0.40

[3]

\o"Germaniumdioxide"

GeO2

(s)+2?H++2?e?GeO(s)+?H2O

-0.37?0.37

\o"Copper(I)oxide"

Cu2O

(s)+?H2O+2?e?2?Cu(s)+2?OH?

-0.360?0.360

[6]

\o"Lead(II)sulfate"

PbSO4

(s)+2?e?

\o"Lead"

Pb

(s)+SO42?

-0.3588?0.3588

[6]

PbSO4(s)+2?e?Pb(Hg)+SO42?

-0.3505?0.3505

[6]

\o"Europium"

Eu3+

+?e?Eu2+

-0.35?0.35

[5]

\o"Indium"

In

3++3?e?In(s)

-0.34?0.34

[9]

\o"Thallium"

Tl

++?e?Tl(s)

-0.34?0.34

[9]

\o"Germanium"

Ge

(s)+4?H++4?e?GeH4(g)

-0.29?0.29

\o"Cobalt"

Co

2++2?e?Co(s)

-0.28?0.28

[6]

P

\o"Phosphoricacid"

H3PO4

(aq)+2?H++2?e?H3PO3(aq)+?H2O

-0.276?0.276

[6]

V3++?e?V2+

-0.26?0.26

[3]

\o"Nickel"

Ni

2++2?e?Ni(s)

-0.25?0.25

\o"Arsenic"

As

(s)+3?H++3?e?

\o"Arsine"

AsH3

(g)

-0.23?0.23

[9]

\o"Silveriodide"

AgI

(s)+?e?Ag(s)+I?

-0.15224?0.15224

[6]

\o"Molybdenumdioxide"

MoO

2(s)+4?H++4?e?Mo(s)+2?H2O

-0.15?0.15

\o"Silicon"

Si

(s)+4?H++4?e?SiH4(g)

-0.14?0.14

Sn2++2?e?Sn(s)

-0.13?0.13

\o"Oxygen"

O

2(g)+?H++?e?HO2?(aq)

-0.13?0.13

\o"Lead"

Pb

2++2?e?Pb(s)

-0.13?0.13

[3]

\o"Tungsten(IV)oxide"

WO2

(s)+4?H++4?e?

\o"Tungsten"

W

(s)+2?H2O

-0.12?0.12

\o"Phosphorus"

P

(red)+3?H++3?e?

\o"Phosphine"

PH3

(g)

-0.111?0.111

[6]

CCO2(g)+2?H++2?e?HCOOH(aq)

-0.11?0.11

\o"Selenium"

Se

(s)+2?H++2?e?H2Se(g)

-0.11?0.11

CCO2(g)+2?H++2?e?CO(g)+?H2O

-0.11?0.11

\o"Tin(II)oxide"

SnO

(s)+2?H++2?e?Sn(s)+?H2O

-0.10?0.10

\o"Tindioxide"

SnO2

(s)+2?H++2?e?SnO(s)+?H2O

-0.09?0.09

\o"Tungsten(VI)oxide"

WO3

(aq)+6?H++6?e?W(s)+3?H2O

-0.09?0.09

[9]

\o"Phosphorus"

P

(white)+3?H++3?e?

\o"Phosphine"

PH3

(g)

-0.063?0.063

[6]

Fe3++3?e?Fe(s)

-0.04?0.04

[8]

C

\o"Formicacid"

HCOOH

(aq)+2?H++2?e?HCHO(aq)+?H2O

-0.03?0.03

H2?H++2?e?H2(g)

0.0000

≡0

\o"Silverbromide"

AgBr

(s)+?e?Ag(s)+Br?

+0.07133

[6]

\o"Tetrathionate"

S4O62?

+2?e?2?

\o"Thiosulfate"

S2O32?

+0.08

\o"Magnetite"

Fe3O4

(s)+8?H++8?e?3?Fe(s)+4?H2O

+0.085

[10]

\o"Nitrogen"

N2

(g)+2?H2O+6?H++6?e?2?

\o"Ammoniumhydroxide"

NH4OH

(aq)

+0.092

\o"Mercury(II)oxide"

HgO

(s)+?H2O+2?e?Hg(l)+2?OH?

+0.0977

Cu(NH3)42++?e?Cu(NH3)2++2?NH3

+0.10

[9]

\o"Ruthenium"

Ru(NH3)63+

+?e?Ru(NH3)62+

+0.10

[5]

\o"Hydrazine"

N2H4

(aq)+4?H2O+2?e?2?NH4++4?OH?

+0.11

[1]

Mo

\o"Molybdicacid"

H2MoO4

(aq)+6?H++6?e?Mo(s)+4?H2O

+0.11

Ge4++4?e?Ge(s)

+0.12

\o"Carbon"

C

(s)+4?H++4?e?

\o"Methane"

CH4

(g)

+0.13

[9]

C

\o"Formaldehyde"

HCHO

(aq)+2?H++2?e?

\o"Methanol"

CH3OH

(aq)

+0.13

\o"Sulfur"

S

(s)+2?H++2?e?H2S(g)

+0.14

Sn4++2?e?Sn2+

+0.15

\o"Copper"

Cu

2++?e?Cu+

+0.159

[9]

SHSO4?+3?H++2?e?SO2(aq)+2?H2O

+0.16

\o"Uranyl"

UO22+

+?e?UO2+

+0.163

[5]

SSO42?+4?H++2?e?SO2(aq)+2?H2O

+0.17

TiO2++2?H++?e?Ti3++?H2O

+0.19

SbO++2?H++3?e?Sb(s)+?H2O

+0.20

\o"Silverchloride"

AgCl

(s)+?e?Ag(s)+Cl?

+0.22233

[6]

AsH3AsO3(aq)+3?H++3?e?As(s)+3?H2O

+0.24

GeO(s)+2?H++2?e?Ge(s)+?H2O

+0.26

UO2++4?H++?e?U4++2?H2O

+0.273

[5]

\o"Rhenium"

Re

3++3?e?Re(s)

+0.300

Bi3++3?e?Bi(s)

+0.308

[6]

VO2++2?H++?e?V3++?H2O

+0.34

Cu2++2?e?Cu(s)

+0.340

[9]

Fe[Fe(CN)6]3?+?e?[Fe(CN)6]4?

+0.36

O2(g)+2?H2O+4?e?4?OH?(aq)

+0.40

[3]

MoH2MoO4+6?H++3?e?Mo3++2?H2O

+0.43

CCH3OH(aq)+2?H++2?e?CH4(g)+?H2O

+0.50

SSO2(aq)+4?H++4?e?S(s)+2?H2O

+0.50

Cu++?e?Cu(s)

+0.520

[9]

C

\o"Carbonmonoxide"

CO

(g)+2?H++2?e?C(s)+?H2O

+0.52

I3?+2?e?3?I?

+0.53

[3]

\o"Iodine"

I

2(s)+2?e?2?I?

+0.54

[3]

Au[AuI4]?+3?e?Au(s)+4?I?

+0.56

AsH3AsO4(aq)+2?H++2?e?H3AsO3(aq)+?H2O

+0.56

Au[AuI2]?+?e?Au(s)+2?I?

+0.58

MnO4?+2?H2O+3?e?MnO2(s)+4?OH?

+0.59

S2O32??+6?H++4?e?2?S(s)+3?H2O

+0.60

\o"Ferrocene"

Fc

++?e?Fc(s)

+0.641

[11]

MoH2MoO4(aq)+2?H++2?e?MoO2(s)+2?H2O

+0.65

C+2?H++2?e?

+0.6992

[6]

O2(g)+2?H++2?e??H2O2(aq)

+0.70

Tl3++3?e?Tl(s)

+0.72

PtCl62?+2?e?PtCl42?+2?Cl?

+0.726

[5]

SeH2SeO3(aq)+4?H++4?e?Se(s)+3?H2O

+0.74

PtCl42?+2?e?Pt(s)+4?Cl?

+0.758

[5]

Fe3++?e?Fe2+

+0.77

\o"Silver"

Ag

++?e?Ag(s)

+0.7996

[6]

\o"Mercury(element)"

Hg

22++2?e?2?Hg(l)

+0.80

N

\o"Nitrate"

NO3?

(aq)+2?H++?e?

\o"Nitrogendioxide"

NO2

(g)+?H2O

+0.80

2

\o"Ferrate"

FeO42?

+5?H2O+6?e?Fe2O3(s)+10?OH?

+0.81

[8]

Au[AuBr4]?+3?e?Au(s)+4?Br?

+0.85

Hg2++2?e?Hg(l)

+0.85

MnO4?+?H++?e?HMnO4?

+0.90

Hg2?Hg2++2?e?Hg22+

+0.91

[9]

\o"Palladium"

Pd2+

+2?e?Pd(s)

+0.915

[5]

Au[AuCl4]?+3?e?Au(s)+4?Cl?

+0.93

MnO2(s)+4?H++?e?Mn3++2?H2O

+0.95

Au[AuBr2]?+?e?Au(s)+2?Br?

+0.96

Xe[HXeO6]3?+2?H2O+2?e?+[HXeO4]?+4??OH?

+0.99

[12]

Te

\o"Telluricacid"

H6TeO6

(aq)+2?H++2?e?TeO2(s)+4?H2O

+1.02

[13]

Br2(l)+2?e?2?Br?

+1.066

[6]

Br2(aq)+2?e?2?Br?

+1.0873

[6]

IIO3?+5?H++4?e?HIO(aq)+2?H2O

+1.13

Au[AuCl2]?+?e?Au(s)+2?Cl?

+1.15

SeHSeO4?+3?H++2?e?H2SeO3(aq)+?H2O

+1.15

Ag2O(s)+2?H++2?e?2?Ag(s)+?H2O

+1.17

ClO3?+2?H++?e?ClO2(g)+?H2O

+1.18

Xe[HXeO6]3?+5?H2O+8?e?Xe(g)+11?OH?

+1.18

[12]

\o"Platinum"

Pt2+

+2?e?Pt(s)

+1.188

[5]

ClO2(g)+?H++?e?HClO2(aq)

+1.19

I2?IO3?+12?H++10?e?I2(s)+6?H2O

+1.20

ClO4?+2?H++2?e?ClO3?+?H2O

+1.20

O2(g)+4?H++4?e?2?H2O

+1.229

[3]

MnO2(s)+4?H++2?e?Mn2++2?H2O

+1.23

Xe[HXeO4]?+3?H2O+6?e?Xe(g)+7?OH?

+1.24

[12]

Tl3++2?e?Tl+

+1.25

Cr2O72?+14?H++6?e?2?Cr3++7?H2O

+1.33

Cl2(g)+2?e?2?Cl?

+1.36

[3]

CoO2(s)+4?H++?e?Co3++2?H2O

+1.42

N2?

\o"Hydroxylamine"

NH3O?H+

+?H++2?e?

\o"Hydrazine"

N2H5+

+2?H2O

+1.42

[1]

I2?HIO(aq)+2?H++2?e?I2(s)+2?H2O

+1.44

Ce4++?e?Ce3+

+1.44

BrO3?+5?H++4?e?HBrO(aq)+2?H2O

+1.45

PbO

\o"Leaddioxide"

β-PbO2

(s)+4?H++2?e?Pb2++2?H2O

+1.460

[9]

PbOα-PbO2(s)+4?H++2?e?Pb2++2?H2O

+1.468

[9]

Br2?B