【英語(yǔ)】高一英語(yǔ)閱讀理解解題技巧分析及練習(xí)題(含答案)一、高中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解1．閱讀理解

Itcouldhavebeenanyofus,butithappenedtobeme.Ireceivedabrief18-monthsofundividedattentionandloveastheonlychild,beforethreemoreappeared.Thesecondwasasevereblow.Nodoubt,learningtheneedtosharewasimportant,butIhadtastedthelifeofanonlychild.

Thencameyearsofrequeststolookafterthesiblings（兄弟姐妹）,beingurgedthat,Youshouldbesettingabetterexample,“AgainandagaintheothersgotawaywithdoingwrongbutIdidn't.Weeachplayedourroles;thesecondonewholaterskippedschooltomeetboys;theeversoattractivethird,theboywhocoulddonowrong;andfinallythesurpriseappearanceofthefourth,seemedcertaintobespoiledevennow.Sothatleftme:thereasonable,quietonewhogotthegrades,didthehouseworkandbecameachameleon（變色龍）—skilledatreadingasituationandbeingwhatwasneeded.

Theneventuallycamethechancetobethefirsttoleaveandexperiencelifeontheoutside,notdefined（定義）astheeldest.ThemomentIhadwaitedfor.Butnow,manyyearslater,beingtheeldestmattersagain.It'sdowntome;itseems,totaketheleadincaringforourparents,AHthetimeIwasmadetolearnaboutsharing;however,whenitcomestoresponsibility,itnolongerseemstoapply.Theothersaretoobusy,toofaraway,ortoounconcerned.SodutifullyItravelmanytimesacrossthecountryforhourstoprovidecareandsupport.Requeststomysiblingstohelpoutmorefallondeafears.Tome,thedutifulfirstborn,itfeelsliketherightandonlythingtodo;tobethereforourparentsastheywereforus.Sadly,thatfeelingisn'tsharedbythesecond,thirdorfourth.（1）Howdoestheauthorcommentonthefourchildreninthesecondparagraph?A.

AngrilyandBitterly.

B.

Angrilyandproudly.C.

Bitterlyandhumorously.

D.

Humorouslyandproudly.（2）Howdidtheauthordevelophissocialskills?A.

Throughhardwork.

B.

Withtheparents'help.C.

Attheparents'request.

D.

Inpracticeforeffectiveness.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphrefersto?A.

Tocarefortheold.

B.

Tohelptheyoung.C.

Toliveoutsidealone.

D.

Totravelnationwide.（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.

Thewriterhatestobetheeldest.

B.

Thewriterfeelsproudofhisrole.C.

Thewriterissatisfiedwithhisattempt.

D.

Thewriterisregretfulaboutthesiblings.【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文為夾敘夾議文。作者作為家中四個(gè)孩子中的老大，從小被要求照顧小的，給兄妹樹(shù)立好的榜樣。父母老了，第一個(gè)關(guān)心照顧父母，認(rèn)為照顧父母是自己的責(zé)任，但是其他的兄妹卻只一味地推脫照顧老人的責(zé)任，這讓作者深感遺憾。（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的描述，作者的三兄弟姐妹相繼出生后自己要為他們樹(shù)立好的榜樣，其他的人犯錯(cuò)不被處罰而我不能，描述老二用“逃學(xué)見(jiàn)男友skippedschooltomeetboys“，老三”迷人attractive“的男孩，老四的出生是個(gè)”suprise“，而且一直被寵壞spoiled了。這一切的一切讓我成為一個(gè)明白道理的、安靜的成績(jī)好的，做家務(wù)的，擅長(zhǎng)做一切的人。由此可推斷出作者所用語(yǔ)言有點(diǎn)苦澀但風(fēng)趣。分析選項(xiàng)可知C項(xiàng)符合題，故答案選C。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Thencameyearsofrequeststolookafterthesiblings（兄弟姐妹）,beingurgedthat,Youshouldbesettingabetterexample,”接下來(lái)是多年來(lái)被要求照顧兄弟姐妹，被敦促樹(shù)立一個(gè)好的榜樣。根據(jù)常識(shí)這一切該是孩子的父母要求大的孩子照顧小的，要求大的給小的做榜樣。故答案選C。（3）猜測(cè)詞義題。分析Tome,thedutifulfirstborn,itfeelsliketherightandonlythingtodo;tobethereforourparentsastheywereforus.本句中的it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的動(dòng)詞不定式todo;tobethereforourparentsastheywereforus.，即對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，第一個(gè)出生的一直盡職本份的我，因?yàn)楦改冈B(yǎng)育了我們，我們要照顧他們，這是正確的唯一要做的事。由此可知“it'指的是照顧老人。故答案選A。（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，作者對(duì)父母盡心盡力地照顧，而其他的兄弟姐妹卻置之不理，推脫責(zé)任，他們認(rèn)為這只是我應(yīng)該做的事。作者認(rèn)為非常遺憾，他們?nèi)置貌粦?yīng)該有這種感覺(jué)。由此可推斷出作者對(duì)于其他的兄妹深表遺憾。故答案選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】英語(yǔ)閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)題具體方法與步驟：①排除干擾項(xiàng)，突出主題。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題的設(shè)計(jì)干擾項(xiàng)一般都是某一細(xì)節(jié)的錯(cuò)誤敘述與論斷，可先排除干擾項(xiàng)。②按文章的體裁，作者寫作的組織模式及有關(guān)的信息詞，如forexample，first，second…等預(yù)測(cè)應(yīng)該到何處尋找自己所需要的事實(shí)。③快速通篇跳讀，自左至右，自上而下呈Z形掃視，直到找到細(xì)節(jié)出處，待找到含細(xì)節(jié)句子時(shí)，放慢速度，仔細(xì)核對(duì)比較內(nèi)容，直至找到答案。④注意識(shí)別指代詞語(yǔ)。為避免重復(fù)，文章中對(duì)多次提及的事物或現(xiàn)象會(huì)使用不同的詞語(yǔ)，如同義詞、近義詞、代詞等。2．閱讀理解

Robotsmakemenervous—especiallytheoneswhichseemtothinkforthemselves.IwasembarrassedtoadmitthistillIheardthatBillGates,thefounderofMicrosoft,feltthesameway.

GatessaidinaninterviewwiththesocialnetworkingandnewswebsiteReddit:"Iaminthecampthatisconcernedaboutsuperintelligence.Firstthemachineswilldoalotofjobsforusandnotbesuperintelligent．Thatshouldbepositiveifwemanagewell.Afewdecadesafterthat,though,theintelligenceisstrongenoughtobeaconcern."

Well,maybeIdon'thavetoworryaboutmycomputerandkitchenequipmentyet.AfterIusethemIcanalwayspulltheplug.Butinthefuture,machinesmightfindawaytopreventusfromswitchingthemoff.There'saterriblethought!

Maybetheproblemwithcomputerstoocleverforusisnotthattheyareevillikesomewe'veseeninsci-fimovies.Whatcouldputusindangeristhattheymightbetooefficient.That'swhatphilosopherNickBostromfromOxfordUniversitybelieves.Hesaysthatmachinesareindifferenttohumansandinpursuitoftheirowngoals，thedestructionofpeoplemightbejustadditionaldamage.Bostromgivesusanexample:Amachinewhichmighthaveitsonlygoaltoproduceasmanypaperclipsaspossiblemightlookathumanbodiesasextramaterialforpaperclipsandgoafteryou.Becauseitis,well,amachine,itwouldnottakepityonyou.

It'sagoodthingthatAmericanwriterIsaacAsimovthoughtabouthowfarrobotscangoandleftushisthreerulesofrobotics.Theystatethatarobotmaynothurtahumanbeingorallowthehumanbeingtocometoharm.

I'mgladmymachinesathomeare"dumb".Allmycleanerwantstotakeoveristhecarpetinmylivingroom.Let'shopetheydon'tcreateanappliancewhichwantstotakeovertheworld!（1）TheauthorquotedBillGates'wordsinParagraph2inordertomakethetext________.A.

better-known

B.

morepersuasive

C.

better-organized

D.

moreinteresting（2）Anintelligentpaperclipmachinewouldharmusbecause_______.A.

itismuchclevererthanus

B.

itwouldtakeovertheworldC.

ithasthestrongfeelingofdestroyingus

D.

itwouldseeusjustasmaterial（3）HowdoestheauthorfeelaboutIsaacAsimov'srulesofrobotics?A.

Optimistic

B.

Worried

C.

Disappointed

D.

Regretful（4）Whatdoesthetextmainlyfocuson?A.

Thebenefitsoffuturerobots.

B.

Thenewapplicationsofrobots.C.

Theconcernforsuperintelligence.

D.

Thepopularityofrobotsinthefuture.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了智能機(jī)器人可能給人類帶來(lái)傷害以及美國(guó)作家Isaac

Asimov為此制定了三條機(jī)器人規(guī)則，作者旨在引起人們對(duì)智能機(jī)器人的關(guān)注。（1）考查推理判斷。因?yàn)楸葼柹w茨是一個(gè)名人，他的觀點(diǎn)更有說(shuō)服力，所以作者才會(huì)引用他說(shuō)的話，讓別人更加相信他的觀點(diǎn)。故選B。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Amachinewhichmighthaveitsonlygoaltoproduceasmanypaperclipsaspossiblemightlookathumanbodiesasextramaterialforpaperclipsandgoafteryou.”可知智能的paperclipmachine會(huì)把人類當(dāng)成是加工材料而傷害人類。故選D。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的“It'sagoodthingthatAmericanwriterIsaacAsimovthoughtabouthowfarrobotscangoandleftushisthreerulesofrobotics.”可知作者認(rèn)為IsaacAsimov所制定的機(jī)器人規(guī)則是好事情，說(shuō)明他對(duì)此持樂(lè)觀的態(tài)度。故選A。（4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)主題段第一段可知人們對(duì)于人工智能，尤其是機(jī)器人的迅速發(fā)展持有謹(jǐn)慎的態(tài)度，認(rèn)為人工智能的過(guò)快發(fā)展會(huì)影響到人類的未來(lái)。故選C。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷測(cè)和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解

Plasticsludge(污泥)andgarbageisadisasterfortheworld'soceans.Afilmcrewtraveledtheglobetodocumenttherubbish.AndJulieAndersenofthePlasticOceansFoundationsayswhatweseeisjustthetipoftheproblem.“Halfofthewasteactuallysinkstothebottom,andthatremainsonthesurfaceactuallybreaksdown.”

Thefilmmakersfoundrubbishinoceangyres,thecirculatingcurrentsthattraplargeconcentrationsofpollutionintheAtlantic,Indian,andPacifcOceans,homeofwhatsomehaveplastic.Whatwefoundwasaplasticsmogthatspreadthroughoutallthewater.Andinsomepartsoftheoceans,scientistshavefoundmoreplasticthanplant.”

Thepiecesoftheplasticgarbageinfectthefoodchain,sometimesvisibly,andmoresoatthemicroscopiclevel,wheretheplasticparticlesinteractwithotherpollutants.“Thereareheavymetals,medicines,industrialwasteinthesea,whileitactslikemagnets(磁鐵).Thesepoisonoussubstancesabsorbontheplastic,andthenwhenseafoodabsorbstheplastics,thosepoisonoussubstancesenterthefattytissues.”Tobeconsumedbyothersealifeandbypeopleatlast.

China,Indonesia,thePhilippines,ThailandandVietnamaretheworstplasticpolluters.TheUnitedStates,althoughaleaderinrecycling,isoneoftheworld's20sinceitproducesandconsumessomuchplastic.Thereareeffortsaroundtheworldtoaddresstheproblem,includingatthisnewlyopenedrecyclingcenterinLebanon(黎巴嫩).ButAndersensaysthereismorethatpeoplecando.“Cutbackonsingle-useplastics,straws,plasticcups,plasticwaterbottles,plasticbagsandfindalternativeslikereusablematerials.”Shesayshealthyoceansareessentialtooursurvival.（1）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.

There'sallislandfullofplasticrubbishinthePacific.B.

Thebadeffectofplasticpollutioncan'tbeseenbyeyes.C.

TheUnitedStatesistheleastplasticpolluters.D.

Theplasticpollutiontooceansismoreseriousthanwhatwecansee.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertoinparagraph3?A.

Pollutantslikeheavymetalsandmedicines.

B.

Theplasticparticles.C.

Seafood.

D.

Fattytissues.（3）Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.

AllAsiancountrieshavethemostseriousproblemofplasticpollution.B.

Theplasticproblemhasn'tattractedtheworld'sattention.C.

Andersenisnotsatisfiedwithwhathasbeendonetosolvetheplasticproblem,D.

Peopleshouldstopusingplasticproductsimmediately.（4）Whichmay

bethetitleofthepassage?A.

PlasticpollutionintheWorld.B.

Plasticpollution—Oceans'Disaster.C.

Waystosolvetheproblemofplasticpollutiontooceans.D.

Plasticpollutionandourhealth.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講述了塑料污染對(duì)海洋導(dǎo)致的影響。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句：AndJulieAndersenofthePlasticOceansFoundationsayswhatweseeisjustthetipoftheproblem.可知，塑料海洋基金會(huì)的朱莉·安德森說(shuō)，我們看到的只是問(wèn)題的冰山一角。故可推測(cè)塑料對(duì)海洋的污染比我們所看到的更嚴(yán)重，故選D。（2）詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)Thepiecesoftheplasticgarbageinfectthefoodchain，sometimesvisibly，andmoresoatthemicroscopiclevel，wheretheplasticparticlesinteractwithotherpollutants."Thereareheavymetals，medicines，industrialwasteinthesea，whileitactslikemagnets（磁鐵）.可知，塑料垃圾碎片在微觀層面感染食物鏈，有時(shí)是明顯的，塑料顆粒與其他污染物相互作用.海洋中有重金屬，藥物，工業(yè)廢物，使其像磁鐵一樣.it指代的是塑料顆粒。故選B。（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)ButAndersensaysthereismorethatpeoplecando."Cutbackonsingle-useplastics，straws，plasticcups，plasticwaterbottles，plasticbagsandfindalternativeslikereusablematerials."Shesayshealthyoceansareessentialtooursurvival.可知，安德森說(shuō)人們還可以做更多事情來(lái)預(yù)防污染，可推測(cè)出安德森對(duì)于目前解決塑料問(wèn)題所做的工作不滿意。故選C。（4）主旨大意題。閱讀全文，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講述了塑料污染海洋災(zāi)害。故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)，推理判斷和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇說(shuō)明類閱讀，要求考生先從問(wèn)題中抓住關(guān)鍵性詞語(yǔ)（題眼），然后以此為線索，運(yùn)用略讀及查讀的技巧快速在文章中尋找與此問(wèn)題相關(guān)的：段落、語(yǔ)句，仔細(xì)品味，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解

Astudy,conductedbyDavidEvansoftheWorldBankandAnnaPopovaofStanfordUniversity,lookedat19programsaroundtheworldinwhichindividualsweregivencashtransfersfromthegovernment,eitherasahandoutorasa"reward"forsomethinglikegettingkidstoschoolontimeortakingthemtothedoctorforcheckups.

EvansandPopovalookedattheimpactthosecashtransfershadonthefamilybudgetandwhetherornottheyledtoanincreaseinspendingonalcoholandcigarettes.Whattheyfoundwasthattheyalmostalwaysledtoareductioninafamily'salcoholandtobaccopurchases.

Thenewsmaysurprisesomepeople,butit'strue,andtheresearchershaveseveraltheoriesaboutwhy.

Onetheoryisthatthecashtransfermadethingspossiblethatonceseemedimpossible.Investingintheirkids'educationorbuyinghealthierandmoreexpensivefoodsmaybewithinreachnow,butwithoutthecashhandout,thesegoalsweren'tevenapossibility.Sofamiliescutbackonotherexpenses(likealcoholandtobacco)tomakethosedreamsareality.

Anothertheoryisthatpeoplejustgenerallyseemtodowhatthey'retold.Iftheyaregivenmoneyandtoldtouseitfortheirfamily'swelfare,inmostcases,theywilldojustthat.Andthatleadstothethirdtheory:Thesecashtransfersareusuallygiventowomen,andstudiesshowthatwhenwomencontrolthepursestrings,moremoneyisspentontakingcareoftheirchildren.

Whateverthereasonforthetrend,thedataisclear—familiesthatreceivecashhandoutsdon'twastethemoneyonboozeandcigarettesaswaspreviouslythought.Instead,theytypicallyusethatmoneyforthebenefitoftheirfamilies.Andthat'smoneywellspent.（1）Thestudyprovesthat

.A.

cashtransfershelppoorfamiliesgetwhatwouldseemunavailableotherwise

B.

cashshouldbegiventopoorpeopleasarewardforsomethinggoodforkidsC.

givencashhandouts,poorpeoplewouldspendthemoneyonalcoholandtobacco

D.

poorpeoplewouldsavethecashgivenbythegovernmentforemergencyneeds（2）Acashtransferledtoareductioninafamily'salcoholandtobaccopurchasesbecause

.A.

theeducationgainedwiththecashwouldhelpthemdropalcoholandtobacco

B.

themoneypreviouslyforalcoholandtobaccowouldhelprealizetheirdreamC.

buyinghealthierandmoreexpensivefoodsleftlessmoneyforalcoholandtobacco

D.

thatwasthepromisemadebeforethecashtransferwasgiventothepoorfamily（3）Inparagraph5,whentheauthorsaid"womencontrolthepursestrings",hejustmeant"

".A.

womenaretoldwhattodo

B.

womenaregiventhemoneyC.

womenknowwhattodowiththemoney

D.

womenhavethefinalwordformoney（4）Thepassagemainlytellsus

.A.

howthestudywascarriedout

B.

whycashtransferispreferredC.

thefindingsofastudyandexplanationstothem

D.

thetheoriesforastudyaboutcashtransfers【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，世界銀行和斯坦福大學(xué)的專家進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)研究，給貧窮家庭一筆匯款，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)匯款能夠減少煙酒方面的花銷，作者分析了出現(xiàn)這一現(xiàn)象的原因。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段“Whateverthereasonforthetrend,thedataisclear—familiesthatreceivecashhandoutsdon'twastethemoneyonboozeandcigarettesaswaspreviouslythought.Instead,theytypicallyusethatmoneyforthebenefitoftheirfamilies.Andthat'smoneywellspent.”可知給貧窮家庭的匯款并不會(huì)被使用在酒精和香煙上，很多貧窮家庭會(huì)用來(lái)改善生活。這與之前的看法是相反的。故選A。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段“Onetheoryisthatthecashtransfermadethingspossiblethatonceseemedimpossible.Investingintheirkids'educationorbuyinghealthierandmoreexpensivefoodsmaybewithinreachnow,butwithoutthecashhandout,thesegoalsweren'tevenapossibility.Sofamiliescutbackonotherexpenses(likealcoholandtobacco)tomakethosedreamsareality.”可知當(dāng)某些家庭得到匯款以后，他們會(huì)把這筆錢和用在喝酒抽煙上的錢一起被用在孩子的教育上，或購(gòu)買之前無(wú)法購(gòu)買的東西上。故選B。（3）考查句義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Thesecashtransfersareusuallygiventowomen,andstudiesshowthatwhenwomencontrolthepursestrings,moremoneyisspentontakingcareoftheirchildren.”可知當(dāng)匯款給了女性以后，通常都會(huì)有比較好的結(jié)果。故劃線句指“女性控制花錢的話語(yǔ)權(quán)”。故選D。（4）考查主旨大意。本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，世界銀行和斯坦福大學(xué)的專家進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)研究，給貧窮家庭一筆匯款，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)匯款能夠減少煙酒方面的花銷，并分析了出現(xiàn)這一現(xiàn)象的原因。故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷，詞義猜測(cè)和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇調(diào)查報(bào)告，要求考生根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，概括歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解

Emojimightnotbeyourfirstchoiceofcommunicationinadisaster,butresearchersfeeltheycouldmakeadifferenceduringemergencies,whereeverysecondcounts.Now,theEmoji-quakecampaignislobbyingforanearthquakeemojitobeaddedtotheUnicodeset—thestandardgroupoficonsavailableondigitaldevicesworldwide.Thecampaignaimstofindanearthquake-appropriatedesigntobesubmittedtoUnicode.

"Approximatelyuptoonethirdoftheworld'spopulationareexposedtoearthquakes,"explainsUniversityofSouthamptonseismologist(地震學(xué)家)Dr.StephenHicks,afounderofthecampaign."Sowereallywanttobeabletocommunicatetoallofthoseregions,allofthosedifferentlanguages,andanemojiisanamazingwayofdoingthat."

Unlikemanyotherweatherandclimaterelatedevents,wherelongerwarningtimesorvisiblesignsareavailable,earthquakesmoveincrediblyquicklyandaredifficult

tomeasurewhiletheyarestilloccurring.PopulationsinareaslikeJapanandMexicoaredependentonearthquakeearlywarningtechnology,whichissuesanalertondigitaldevicesandbroadcastmedia."Youmayhavesecondstogetunderatableortoprotectyourself,"explainsDr.Hicks."Thatcanbelifesavinginmanycases.Naturallyyoudon'twanttoomuchwordinginthewarningmessage."

Pictographs(象形文字)andothervisualslikeemojihaveatrackrecordofbeingfasterandeasiertounderstandthanwritteninformation.Dr.SaraMcBride,acommunicationsspecialist,whoisalsopartofthecampaign,toldBBCNews,"Emojicancrosstheboundariesofwrittenlanguages,helpingcommunicatevaluableinformationtopeoplewhomaystruggletoreadacertainlanguage."

Thepotentialusefulnessofemojiinemergenciescouldextendwellbeyondearthquakes.Ateamofdesignersalsocameupwithemerji—anentiresetofemojidedicatedtoclimateandenvironmentalevents.（1）Accordingtothepassage,whydidthecampaignchooseearthquakesastheirtarget?A.

Becauseearthquakesthreatenmanypeopleindifferentregions.

B.

Becauseearthquakesaretheeasiesttobeexpressedbyanemoji.C.

Becauseearthquakesarenotdifficulttomeasurewhileoccurring.

D.

Becauseearthquakesarethemostdestructivedisastersintheworld.（2）Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedphrase"lobbyfor"inthefirstparagraph？A.

Hopefor.

B.

Enterfor.

C.

Appealfor.

D.

Runfor.（3）WhatcanweinferfromDr.SaraMcBride'swordsaboutemoji?A.

Emojibenefitspeoplewithreadingdisabilityalot.

B.

Emojiisbeingusedtoconveyvaluableinformation.C.

Emojicancrosstheboundariesofwrittenlanguages.

D.

Emojiisauniversallanguageandhelpfultoolincommunication.（4）Thebesttitleofthepassageshouldbe___________________.A.

Couldanemojisaveourlife?

B.

Whatcanemojidoinourlife?C.

Howisemojichangingourlife?

D.

Dowereallyknowaboutemoji?【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了一場(chǎng)以添加地震表情符號(hào)為目標(biāo)的運(yùn)動(dòng)。該運(yùn)動(dòng)的創(chuàng)始人對(duì)此做出解釋，試圖說(shuō)明地震表情是一種通用的語(yǔ)言交流工具，有助于挽救生命。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Emojimightnotbeyourfirstchoiceofcommunicationinadisaster,butresearchersfeeltheycouldmakeadifferenceduringemergencies”以及第三段中的“earthquakesmoveincrediblyquicklyandaredifficult

tomeasurewhiletheyarestilloccurring”可推斷出這是因?yàn)檫@地震來(lái)的快，讓人無(wú)法反應(yīng)，在許多地方威脅至許多多人的生命，故選A。（2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。這次運(yùn)動(dòng)想以地震為目標(biāo)。第二段和第三段中的地震博士Dr.Hicks對(duì)此作出解釋，目的就是呼吁大家贊同這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)?？芍xC。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“wereallywanttobeabletocommunicatetoallofthoseregions,allofthosedifferentlanguages,andanemojiisanamazingwayofdoingthat.”及第三段“Thatcanbelifesavinginmanycases.Naturallyyoudon'twanttoomuchwordinginthewarningmessage.”可推斷出表情符號(hào)是一種通用語(yǔ)言，當(dāng)災(zāi)難來(lái)臨時(shí)不需要多說(shuō)，表情就可以交流，以此在很多情形下可以挽救生命。分析選項(xiàng)可知D項(xiàng)符合題意，因此選D。（4）考查主旨大意。第一段說(shuō)表情符號(hào)可能不是你在災(zāi)難中溝通的第一選擇，但研究人員認(rèn)為還是會(huì)有作用的。接著下面講述了一場(chǎng)以添加地震表情為目標(biāo)的運(yùn)動(dòng)。下面的地震博士Dr.Hicks為此作了很多的解釋，想讓人們相信表情能挽救生命。Couldanemojisaveourlife?“一個(gè)表情能拯救我們的生命嗎？”）符合題意，故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷，詞義猜測(cè)和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇介紹類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解

Afourth-gradeteacherallowedoneofherstudentstoshaveherheadintheschoolyard,afterbullies（仗勢(shì)欺人者）teasedhimabouthisownshortbuzzcut（短寸頭發(fā)型）.ToriNelsongottheideaafternoticingthatMatthewFinney,ashyboyfromherhomeroomatWinlockMillerElementarySchoolinWashingtonstate,wasstandingoutsidehisclassroomcryingandwearingawinterhat.

Ms.Nelsoncouldseethebackofhisneckhadbeenshaved,andsinceMatthewusuallyhadverythickbrowncurlyhair,sherealizedthathe'dhadahaircutovertheweekend.Sheaskedhimwhatwaswrong,andhesaidhe'dgottenabuzzcutforthesummer.Butthismorning,afifthgraderonthebusmadefunofhim,andhedidn'twanttocometoclassandgetteasedbyotherkids.MsNelsontriedtoconvinceMatthewtocomeinside,butsinceschoolrulesprohibitkidsfromwearinghatsindoorsherefused–explainingthathewasafraidofshowinghishaircuttotheotherchildrenincasetheyalsomadefunofhim.

FinallyIsaid:"Ifyoutakeoffyourhatandcometoclass,I'llletyougivemeabuzzcut,too,"'MsNelsontoldYahooParenting.Ifiguredit'sjusthair,andmineisalreadyshortanyway.Imightaswellgetitshorterintimeforthewarmweather.'

Matthewexcitedlytookherupontheoffer,andMsNelsonandanotherteachergatheredallthefourthgraderstogetherduringbreaktime.Aschoolemployeebroughtinscissors,whichMatthewusedtothecheersofhisclassmates,excitedlywatchingashisteacher'shairfellawayontothegroundintheschoolyard.

'Itwasalotoffunforthekids,andithelpedMatthewfeelbetterabouthimself,'saidMsNelson.'Youhavetodowhatittakestoreachchildren.Teachingisn'tjustaboutreadingandwriting,it'saboutself-esteemandacceptingdifferences.'（1）WhatmainlyledtoMatthew'sstandingoutsidetheclassroom?A.

Hisfearofbeinglaughedat.

B.

Hiswillingnesstolearn.C.

Hisviolatingschoolrules.

D.

Hisnotfinishinghishomework.（2）WhydidMs.Nelsonhaveherheadshaved?A.

ToshowsympathyforMatthew.

B.

TocomfortandencourageMatthew.C.

Toprepareforthewarmweather.

D.

Toshowheruniquepersonality.（3）WhatisMsNelsonlike?A.

responsibleandcaring

B.

knowledgeableandcreativeC.

Humorousandeasygoing

D.

Stronganddetermined（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.

Therealmeaningofteaching

B.

StanduptoschoolbullyingC.

Teachkidstorespectdifferences

D.

Ahaircutfulloflove【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，Matthew由于害怕同學(xué)們嘲笑自己的頭發(fā)不敢進(jìn)教室，老師ToriNelson安慰他，并和他一起剪了頭發(fā)。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Butthismorning,afifthgraderonthebusmadefunofhim,andhedidn'twanttocometoclassandgetteasedbyotherkids.和explainingthathewasafraidofshowinghishaircuttotheotherchildrenincasetheyalsomadefunofhim.”可知Matthew在教室外哭泣不敢進(jìn)去是因?yàn)楹ε峦瑢W(xué)們嘲笑他。故選A。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)老師ToriNelson和學(xué)生一起剪頭發(fā)和最后一段中的“Itwasalotoffunforthekids,andithelpedMatthewfeelbetterabouthimself,'和Teachingisn'tjustaboutreadingandwriting,it'saboutself-esteemandacceptingdifferences.”可知ToriNelson老師這樣做是為了給學(xué)生安慰和鼓勵(lì)，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的自尊。故選B。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“MsNelsontriedtoconvinceMatthewtocomeinside.老師對(duì)學(xué)生說(shuō)的“Ifyoutakeoffyourhatandcometoclass,I'llletyougivemeabuzzcut,too,"和最后一段中的“Itwasalotoffunforthekids,andithelpedMatthewfeelbetterabouthimself,”可知ToriNelson老師對(duì)學(xué)生負(fù)責(zé)任，關(guān)心學(xué)生。故選A。（4）考查主旨大意。本文講述了Matthew由于害怕同學(xué)們嘲笑自己的頭發(fā)不敢進(jìn)教室，老師ToriNelson安慰他，并和他一起剪頭發(fā)的故事，表現(xiàn)了老師既負(fù)責(zé)又有愛(ài)心。D.Ahaircutfulloflove概括了本文內(nèi)容，表達(dá)了本文主題，適合作為本文標(biāo)題。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

Therecession(衰退)of2008-09wasremarkableinrichcountriesforitsintensity,thefollowingrecoveryforitsweakness.Thelabourmarkethasalsobrokentherules,asnewresearchfromtheOECD,athink-tankofmainlyrichcountries,showsinitsannualEmploymentOutlook.

Youngpeoplealwayssufferinrecessions.Employersstophiringthem;andtheyoftengetridofnewrecruitsbecausetheyareeasiertodismiss.Butinpreviousepisodes,suchastherecessionsofthe1970s,1980sand1990s,olderworkerswerealsokickedoff.Thistimeisdifferent.Duringthefinancialcrisisin2008,andsince,theyhavedonebetterthanotheragegroups.

Theresearchersfocusonmovementsin"non-employment"asashareofthetotalpopulationinthreeagegroupsbetweenthefinalquartersof2007and2012.Thismeasurehastheadvantageofincludingnotjustunemployment,wherepeoplearelookingforwork,butalsoinactivity,wherepeoplearenotseekingjobs.Whereastheaveragenon-employmentrateintheOECDhasrisenbyfourpercentagepointsamongyoungpeopleandbyone-and-a-halfpointsamong25-to54-year-olds,ithasfallenbytwopointsamongthe55-64agegroup.

Whyhaveolderemployeesdonesowell?InsomesouthernEuropeancountriestheybenefitfromjobprotectionnotaffordedtoyoungerworkers,butthatdidnotreallyhelptheminpastrecessions.Whathaschanged,saysStefanoScarpetta,headoftheOECD'semploymentdirectorate,isthatfirmsnowbearthefullcostsofgettingridofolderstaff.Inthepast,early-retirementpoliciesprovidedbygovernments(inthemistakenbeliefthatthesewouldhelpyoungpeople)madeitcheapertopushgrey-hairedworkersoutofthedoor.Thesehavelargelystopped.

Manywillarguethatolderworkershavedonebetterattheexpenseoftheyoung.Thatviewiswrongheaded.First,itisafallacythatajobgainedforonepersonisajoblostforanother;thereisnofixedamountofwork.Andsecond,asthereportshows,youngandoldpeoplearebyandlargenotsubstitutesintheworkplace.Theydodifferenttypesofworkindifferenttypesofoccupation:youngerpeoplearekeenonITfirms,forexample,whereasolderfolktendtobeemployedinmoretraditionalindustries.Thereareplentyofthingsthatshouldbedonetohelptheyoungjobless,butkickingolderworkersoutoftheworkplaceisnotoneofthem.（1）Bysaying"Thelabourmarkethasalsobrokentherules",theauthormeans______.A.

youngemployeeswereprotectedbythegovernmentB.

youngemployeessufferedmoderatelyinlabourmarketC.

oldemployeessufferedverylittleinthelabourmarketD.

Therecessionhadlittleimpactonlabourmarket（2）Whatdoweknowabout"early-retirementpolicies"mentionedinthe4thparagraph?A.

Theyprovedtobelittleuseandnearlynolongerineffect.B.

Theyhaveeffectivelyhelpedyoungemployees.C.

Theyfinanciallysupportedtheelderlypeople.D.

TheyhavegainpopularityinsouthernEuropeancountries.（3）Theword"fallacy"(inthelastp