高中英語外刊精讀（土耳其地震）土耳其地震已致上萬人死亡，這次地震為何如此致命？Intheunit“NaturalDisasters”ofBook1oftheEnglishtextbookforseniorhighschoolpublishedbyPEP,thebigearthquakesinWenchuanandTangshanarementioned.Fromthisunit,welearnthatthedestructivepowerofearthquakesisextremelyhuge.Recently,astrongearthquakealsostrucksouth-easternTurkey,neartheSyrianborder.Morethan20,000peoplesofarhavebeenkilledbyit.Thedeathtollisexpectedtokeeprising.在人教高中英語教材必修一“自然災害”這一單元，提到了汶川地震和唐山大地震。從這一單元中，我們知道了地震的破壞力是極其巨大的。近日，在土耳其東南部靠近敘利亞邊境的地區(qū)也發(fā)生了強烈地震，目前已有超過2萬人遇難。死亡人數(shù)預計還會持續(xù)增長。destructive[d??str?kt?v]adj破壞性的；毀滅性的toll[t??l]n[C]死亡人數(shù)；傷亡人數(shù)Theearthquake,whichhitnearthetownofGaziantep,wascloselyfollowedbynumerousaftershocks—includingonequakewhichwasalmostaslargeasthefirst.地震發(fā)生在加濟安泰普鎮(zhèn)附近，隨后發(fā)生了多次余震，其中一次余震的強度幾乎與前震一樣大。numerous[?nju?m?r?s]adj眾多的；許多的aftershock[?ɑ?ft???k]n[C]余震Whywasitsodeadly?這次地震為何如此致命?deadly[?dedli]adj致命的Thefirstearthquakewasbig—itregisteredas7.8,classifiedas“major”ontheofficialmagnitudescale.Itbrokealongabout100kmofthefaultline,causingseriousdamagetobuildingsnearthefault.前震震感很強——為7.8級，在官方震級中被列為“強震”。它沿著斷層線斷裂了約100公里，對斷層附近的建筑物造成了嚴重破壞。register[?red??st?(r)]vt&vi記錄classify[?kl?s?fa?]vt將……分類magnitude[?m?ɡn?tju?d]n[C]&[U]震級scale[ske?l]n[C]等級fault[f??lt]n[C]（地殼巖層的）斷層Itisnotonlythepowerofthetremorthatcausesdevastation.Thisincidentoccurredintheearlyhoursofthemorning,whenpeoplewereinsideandsleeping.Thesturdinessofthebuildingsisalsoafactor.TheresistantinfrastructureisunfortunatelypoorinSouthTurkeyandespeciallySyria,sosavinglivesnowmostlyreliesonresponse.Thenext24hoursarecrucialtofindsurvivors.After48hoursthenumberofsurvivorsdecreasesenormously.造成破壞的不僅僅是地震的威力。這場地震件發(fā)生在凌晨，當時人們都在屋內睡覺。建筑物的堅固性也是一個因素，很不幸，在土耳其南部，尤其是敘利亞，基礎設施的抗震能力較差，所以生者的存活取決于救援的速度。接下來的24小時對尋找生還者至關重要。48小時后，生還人數(shù)會急劇減少。tremor[?trem?(r)]n[C]震動devastation[?dev??ste??n]n[U]破壞sturdiness['st??din?s]n[U]堅固性factor[?f?kt?(r)]n[C]因素resistant[r??z?st?nt]adj抵抗的infrastructure[??nfr?str?kt??(r)]n[C]&[U]基礎設施crucial[?kru??l]adj至關重要的；關鍵性的survivor[s??va?v?(r)]n[C]生還者；幸存者enormously[??n??m?sli]adv極其Inaddition,thisisaregionwheretherehadnotbeenamajorearthquakeformorethan200yearsoranywarningsigns,sothelevelofpreparednesswouldbelessthanforaregionwhichwasmoreusedtodealingwithtremors.另外，這是一個200多年來都沒有發(fā)生過大地震或地震預警的地區(qū)，所以應對災難的準備不夠充分，比不上慣于應對地震的地區(qū)。inaddition另外；此外beusedtodoingsth習慣于做某事dealwith處理；應對China’sfirstrescueteamreachedTurkeyonWednesdaytohelpwithearthquakereliefandrescueefforts.Theybroughtwiththem21tonsofrescue,communicationandmedicalmaterialsandequipment,alongwithfourrescuedogs.China’sothercivilianrescueteamshavealsoarrivedorareontheirwaytoTurkey.ByThursday,Chineserescueteamshelpedsaveatleastsixpeople,includingapregnantwomanandthreechildren.中國首支救援隊于周三抵達土耳其，協(xié)助抗震救災和救援工作。他們攜帶了21噸救援、通訊和醫(yī)療物資和設備，以及4只搜救犬。中國其他民間救援隊也已抵達或正在前往土耳其的途中。截至周四，中國救援隊幫助救出了至少六人，其中包括一名孕婦和三名兒童。relief[r??li?f]n[C]（給災區(qū)或交戰(zhàn)地區(qū)人民提供的）救濟；救援物品alongwith隨同……一起，跟……一起civilian[s??v?li?n]adj平民的pregnant[?preɡn?nt]adj懷孕的Theteam’soperationtorescuethepregnantwomanwascarriedoutattherequestoflocalrescuers.Theconditionsatthesiteareverycomplicated.Thewomanwasburiedintheruinsofaneight-storybuilding.Tosaveher,rescuersandtechnicalexpertswentintotheruinstosurveytheconditionsbeforeworkingoutarescueplan.Followinganhours-longjointeffortbyChineseandTurkishrescueteams,thepregnantwomanwassavedatlast.營救孕婦的行動是應當?shù)鼐仍藛T的要求進行的?，F(xiàn)場情況非常復雜，這名女子被埋在一座八層建筑的廢墟中。為了救她，救援人員和技術專家進入廢墟調查情況，然后制定救援計劃。經(jīng)過中土兩國救援隊長達數(shù)小時的共同努力，這名孕婦最終獲救。carryout實施；進行attherequestof按……的要求workout想出joint[d???nt]adj聯(lián)合的；共同的Whattododuringanearthquake?地震時該做些什么？Staycalm!Ifyou’reindoors,stayinside.Ifyou’reoutside,stayoutside.保持冷靜！如果你在室內，就待在室內。如果你在戶外，就待在戶外。Ifyou’reindoors,getunderatableandhangontoitormoveintoahallwayoragainstaninsidewall.Stayclearofwindows,fireplaces,andheavyfurnitureorappliances.Getoutofthekitchen,whichisadangerousplace.如果你在室內，就躲到桌子下面，抓牢，或者去走廊或靠在里屋的墻壁上。遠離窗戶、壁爐和笨重的家具或家電。離開廚房，那里很危險。hangontosth抓緊某物hallway[?h??lwe?]n[C]走廊；過道fireplace[?fa??ple?s]n[C]壁爐Ifyou’reoutdoors,getintotheopen,awayfrombuildings,powerlines,chimneys,andanythingelsethatmightfallonyou.如果你在戶外，就去空曠的地方，遠離建筑物、電線、煙囪和任何可能砸到你的東西。Ifyou’reinacar,stopthecarandstayinsidethecaruntiltheearthquakestops.Donotstoponorunderabridgeorundertrees,lightposts,powerlines,orsigns.如果你在車里，就把車停下，待在車里直到地震結束。不要把車停在橋上或橋下、樹下、燈柱下、電線下或標志下。Don’tuseelevators(theymayshutdown).不要使用電梯（電梯可能會關閉）。elevator[?el?ve?t?(r)]n[C]電梯shutdown關閉一、語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。Recently,astrongearthquakestrucksouth-easternTurkey,neartheSyrianborder.Morethan20,000peoplehavebeenkilledbyitsofar.The1.(die)tollisexpectedtokeeprising.Theearthquake,whichhitnearthetownofGaziantep,was2.(close)followedbynumerousaftershocks—includingonequakewhichwasalmostaslargeasthefirst.Thefirstearthquakewasbig,registered3.7.8.Itbrokealongabout100kmofthefaultline,causingseriousdamageto4.(building)nearthefault.Itisnotonlythepowerofthetremorthatcausesdamage.Thisincident5.(occur)intheearlyhoursofthemorning,6.peoplewereinsideandsleeping.The7.(resist)infrastructureisunfortunatelypoorinSouthTurkeyandespeciallySyria,sosavinglivesnowmostlyrelies8.response.Inaddition,thisisaregionwheretherehadnotbeenamajorearthquakeformorethan200years,sothelevelofpreparednesswouldbelessthanforaregionwhichwasmoreusedto9.(deal)withtremors.China’sfirstrescueteamreachedTurkeyonWednesday10.(help)withearthquakereliefandrescueefforts.ByThursday,Chineserescueteamshelpedsaveatleastsixpeople,includingapregnantwomanandthreechildren.二、完成句子根據(jù)括號內所給的漢語提示完成句子。1.A