3．island島n.5．classic經(jīng)典作品；名著n.7．page(書刊或紙張的)頁(yè)，面，張n.8．towards朝；向；對(duì)著prep.1．pop流行音樂(lè)；流行樂(lè)曲n.9．a(chǎn)broad在國(guó)外；到國(guó)外adv.11．a(chǎn)ctually真實(shí)地；事實(shí)上adv.13．fan迷；狂熱愛(ài)好者n.14．introduce介紹；引見(jiàn)v.17．modern現(xiàn)代的；當(dāng)代的adj.1．hurryup趕快；急忙2．go3．sciencefiction科幻小說(shuō)4．a(chǎn)nislandfulloftreasures滿是金銀財(cái)寶的島5．fullof滿是……的;大量的;豐富的6．liveintheUnitedKingdom住在英國(guó)7．writeabout……寫下……8．growup9．putdown放下13．thebookreport讀書報(bào)告14．bedueintwoweeks兩周到期15．bringback帶回；取回16．a(chǎn)rriveonthisisland到達(dá)這座島17．loseone'slife失去生命18．gooutwithone'sgun帶槍出去19．kill……for……為……殺……20．growfruitandvegetables種植水果和蔬菜21．themarksof…………的足跡22．onthesand在沙灘上23．whoelse還有誰(shuí)24．howlong多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間25．livewithsb.和某人住在一起26．a(chǎn)brokenship一艘破船27．runtowards……向……跑去29．travelinthesea在大海中航行30．inthemiddleof在……中間1．countrymusic鄉(xiāng)村音樂(lè)2．popmusic流行音樂(lè)3．oneanother/eachother互相4．thenumberof…………的數(shù)量5．studyabroad在國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)6．fightoversth.withsb.因某事和某人打架7．befullof=befilledwith充滿……8．ontheradio在收音機(jī)上9．eversince自從10．thehomeofcoun11．belongto屬于12．bringsb.backto帶某人回13．remindsb.that提醒某人14．inlife在人生中15．thebeautyofnature大自然的美16．ha17．readalotabout讀很多關(guān)于……18．dosomeresearchonsth.對(duì)某事/某物做研究19．singlive現(xiàn)場(chǎng)演唱20．introduce……to……把……介紹給……—No,Ihaven't.Haveyou?2．I'vealreadyfinishedreadingit!我已經(jīng)讀完它了！3．Oneofthemdiedbuttheotherrantowardsmyhouse.其中一個(gè)人死了，但是另一個(gè)人朝我的房子跑過(guò)來(lái)。5．Shecan'twaittoreadthisbook.她迫不及待地要讀這本書。6．Itwasreallygood,soIcouldn'tputitdown.它真的很好,所以我對(duì)它愛(ài)不釋手。7．Youshouldhurryup.Thebookreportisdueintwoweeks.你應(yīng)該快點(diǎn)兒。讀書報(bào)告兩周后必須交。1．TheTomsmustbepopular.湯姆樂(lè)隊(duì)一定很受歡迎。2．Shecametorealizehowmuchsheactuallymissedallofthem.她逐漸意識(shí)到她實(shí)際上是多么思念他們。3．Listeningtomusicisagoodwaytowakeup.聽(tīng)音樂(lè)是清醒的一種好方法。4．Thenumberofpeopleinthebandisten.這支樂(lè)隊(duì)的人數(shù)是十人。5．However,countrymusicbringsusbacktothe"goodolddays"whenpeoplewerekindto人們彼此友好、相互信任。6．Sarahhasn'tbeentoNashvilleyet,butitisherdreamtogothereoneday.薩拉還沒(méi)有去過(guò)納什維爾，但是她夢(mèng)想有一天能去那里。7．Ihopetoseehimsingliveoneday!我希望有一天能看到他現(xiàn)場(chǎng)演唱！8．Heusedtofightoversmallthingswithothers.他過(guò)去常常因小事和別人爭(zhēng)吵。1．full—empty/hungry(反義詞)2．hurry—hurried(過(guò)去式)3．land—sea(對(duì)應(yīng)詞)4．science(名詞)—scientific(形容詞)5．French(形容詞/名詞)—France(名詞)1．a(chǎn)ctual(形容詞)—actually(副詞)2．south(名詞)—southern(形容詞)3．introduce(動(dòng)詞)—introduction(名詞)4．beauty(名詞)—beautiful(形容詞)—beautifully(副詞)5．success(名詞)—successful(形容詞)—succeed(動(dòng)詞)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的定義①表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。eg：—It'ssodark.太黑了?！猄omeonehasturnedoffthelight.有人把燈關(guān)上了。（有人把燈關(guān)了，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是:現(xiàn)在很黑）②表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開始并一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常與since加過(guò)去時(shí)間間點(diǎn)；for+一段時(shí)間，sofar等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。還住在這兒）在還住在這兒）?現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成及句式轉(zhuǎn)換◆肯定句：主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞have/has+過(guò)去分詞+其他.eg：IhaveboughtlotsofbooksaboutWesterncustoms.我買了許多有關(guān)西方風(fēng)俗的書。HehasbeentotheGreatWall.他去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城。Theyhavealreadyseenthefilm.他們已經(jīng)看過(guò)這部電影了?！舴穸ň洌褐髡Z(yǔ)+have/has+not+過(guò)去分詞+其他.eg：TheSimpsonshaven'tbeentoCanadasincethedaytheyleft.從離開那天起，辛普森一家就再也沒(méi)去過(guò)加拿大。Erichasn'tgothisplaneticketsyet.埃里克還沒(méi)有買到飛機(jī)票?！粢话阋蓡?wèn)句：Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+其他?肯定回答：Yes,主語(yǔ)+have/has.否定回答：No,主語(yǔ)+have/hasnot.egHaveyoureadJourneytotheWest?你讀過(guò)《-Yes,Ihave.是的，我已經(jīng)看了。/No,Ihaven't.不，我還沒(méi)看過(guò)。-Hasshelivedherefor2years?她在這里住了兩年了嗎？-Yes,shehas.是的，他住兩年了。/No,shehasn't.不，他沒(méi)有住兩年?！籼厥庖蓡?wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+have/has+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+其他?HowmanytimeshaveyoubeentotheGreatWall?你去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城幾次？-Whichbookhaveyouread?你讀過(guò)哪本書？-SnowWhiteandtheSevenDwarfs.《白雪公主和七個(gè)小矮人》?！暨^(guò)去分詞變化形式。(直去雙改特)一般情況下直接加-ed以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，直接加以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞，雙寫該輔音字母后再加-ed 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，直接加-edworkjumplookplanstudyplayworkedjumpedlookedlikedlivedusedstoppedplannedshoppedstudiedcarriedplayedlose遺失meet遇見(jiàn)beat打，敲begin開始blow吹bring攜帶burn燃燒forget忘記hang掛hurt傷害know知道leave離開lostmetbeatbeganblewbroughtlostmetbeatenbegunblownbroughtburned/burntburned/burntcaughtfoundforgotgotwenthunghurtknewleftcaughtdrivenfallenfoundforgottengotten/gotgonehunghurtknownleftsentmake做become成為bite咬break打破build建造buy買choose選擇drink喝f(wàn)ight打架forgive原諒give給grow生長(zhǎng)hear聽(tīng)hold持keep保持lay放置learn學(xué)習(xí)lend借出shine照耀madepaidbecamebitbrokebuiltboughtdrankfoughtforgavegavegrewheardheldkeptlaidlainmadepaidrisenbecomebitten/bitbrokenbuiltboughtchosendrunkfoughtflownforgivengivengrownheardheldkeptlaidlearneEQ\*jc3\*hps31\o\al(\s\up5(d),t)/learnlearned/learntlentlentsoldsoldshone/shinedshone/shined解目現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)標(biāo)志詞你（真的）已經(jīng)見(jiàn)過(guò)他了?④sofar意為“倒現(xiàn)在為止；迄今為止”,意義和用法相同的還有uptonow，uptillnoweg：Ihavetravelledbytrainthreetimessofar.到現(xiàn)在為止，我已乘火車旅行三次了。=sofar,Ihavetravelledbytrainthreetimes.Ihaven'teverspokentoher.我未曾和她說(shuō)過(guò)話。eg：HaveyoubeentoShanghaibefore?你以前去過(guò)上海嗎？Ihaven’teatenSichuanfoodbefore.我以前沒(méi)吃過(guò)四川菜。sincethreeyearsago從三年前開始sinceshewasalittlegirl自從她還是個(gè)小女孩Hehasbeenawaysincelastweek.他從上星期起就不在了。eg：forovertwentyyears二十多年了forabouttwodays大約兩天之久forhalfamonth半個(gè)月之久fortwoyears兩年了Hehasbeenawayforoneweek.他已經(jīng)離開一個(gè)星期了。動(dòng)前：ever，just動(dòng)前句尾：alreadyalreadyyet“已經(jīng)”，常用于肯定句中，動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞前，也可放句末。already也可用于疑問(wèn)句，表示吃驚等感情色彩時(shí)eg：I'vealreadyreadit.我已經(jīng)讀過(guò)它了Wehavealreadyfinishedthework.我們已經(jīng)完成了這項(xiàng)工作。Haveyoumethimalready?-Hashefoundhiswatchyet?他已經(jīng)找到他的手表了嗎？-No,notyet.不，還沒(méi)有。Thewomanhasn’tfoundherdogyet.那位婦女還沒(méi)有找到她的狗。定語(yǔ)，也可在句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。eg：OliverTwiisstaboutaboywhogoesouttoseaandfindsanisland《霧都孤兒》是關(guān)于一個(gè)男孩兒出海，并發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)滿是寶藏的島嶼（的故事）。Hereceivedseveralbasketsfullofapples.他收到了幾個(gè)裝滿蘋果的籃子。Robinsonstaredatthefootprint,fulloffear.魯濱遜盯著那個(gè)腳印，滿懷恐懼。Hereyeswerefulloftears.她的眼里充滿了淚水。形容詞形容詞形容詞“忙的”“滿的、充滿的”常用短語(yǔ)為befullof，相當(dāng)于befilledwith,意“飽的”其反義詞是hungry,意為“饑餓的”常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)：befullof=befilledwith充滿…eg：Hewastoofulltohavetimeforhobbies.他太忙了，以至于沒(méi)有培養(yǎng)業(yè)余愛(ài)好的時(shí)間。Hotelsareoftenfullatthistimeofyear.在一年中的這個(gè)時(shí)候，旅館經(jīng)?？蜐M。Theroomisfullofpeople=Theroomisfilledwithpeople.房間里擠滿了人Ican'teatanymore.Iamquitefull.我不能再吃了，我相當(dāng)飽了。eg：Next,filltheturkeywiththisbreadmix.接下來(lái)，用這種面包混合配料裝滿火雞。Theboyfilledthebottlewithsand.那個(gè)男孩兒用沙子把瓶子裝滿了。Theroomisfullofpeople=Theroomisfilledwithpeople.房間里擠滿了人eg：Theydidntfindthetreasureofthewreckedship.他們沒(méi)有找到那艘失事船只上的寶物。Thispalacehaslotsofarttreasures.這座宮殿藏有很多藝術(shù)珍寶。put……down意為“記下；放下”，為“動(dòng)詞+副詞”型短語(yǔ)，若賓語(yǔ)為代詞，則代詞eg：Itwasreallygood,soIcouldn'tputitdown.它真的很好，所以我對(duì)它愛(ài)不釋手。Putdownthepoemandthenreaditloudly.把這首詩(shī)記下來(lái)，然后大聲把它讀出來(lái)。Putdownyourpenandtakearest.putup搭起；張貼；舉起putoff推遲；延遲把你的鋼筆放下，休息一會(huì)兒吧。putout伸出；撲滅putaway放好putback放回；推遲eg：Youshouldhurryup.Thebookreportisdueintwoweeks.你應(yīng)該快點(diǎn)。讀書報(bào)告兩周后交。Hurryup,oryouwillbelateforschool.快點(diǎn)兒，否則你上學(xué)將會(huì)遲到。hurryoff/away匆匆離去hurryinto匆忙進(jìn)入hurryout匆忙出去inahurry匆忙、趕快Herbabyisduenextmonth.她的寶寶預(yù)計(jì)在下個(gè)月出生。Thechildrenareduetoarriveverysoon.孩子們很快就會(huì)到。①due作形容詞時(shí)，還可意為“到期的；應(yīng)付的”。eg：Thebillisdue.賬單已到期。eg：Hersuccesswasduetoherhardwork.她的成功是因?yàn)樗ぷ鳌?．in+一段時(shí)間/after+一段時(shí)間in+一段時(shí)間after+一段時(shí)間常與一般將來(lái)時(shí)連用。eg：Wewillbebackintwohours.我們兩小時(shí)后回來(lái)。-Howsoonwilltheycomeback?他們多久以后回來(lái)？-Intwoweeks.兩周之后。Hecamebackafterthreedays.3天后他回來(lái)了。I’llcomebackinthreedays.我3天后回來(lái)。Ithinkhecancomebackinthreedays.我想他3天后可以回來(lái)。eg：Ihavealreadycutdowntreesandbuiltahouse.我已經(jīng)砍倒了樹木并建造了一間房子。Theycutdownthebigtree.他們把這棵大樹砍倒了。You'dbettercutthearticledowntoabout2,000words.你最好把這篇文章縮短到2000字左右。切碎cutdown砍到；砍伐cutoff切斷；切除cutout刪除插嘴補(bǔ)充：else通常不放在疑問(wèn)詞which之后。else還可用于以-one,-body,-thing,-place,-where等結(jié)尾的復(fù)合不定代詞/副詞之后。eg：Asksomebodyelsetohelpyou.請(qǐng)別人幫幫你吧。Hehasnothingelsetodotoday.他今天沒(méi)有別的事要做。eg：Oneofthemdiedbuttheotherrantowardsmyhouse.其中一個(gè)人死了，但是另一個(gè)人朝我的房子跑過(guò)來(lái)Hehastwodaughters.Oneisadoctor,theotherisastudent.他有兩個(gè)女兒。一個(gè)是醫(yī)生，另一個(gè)是學(xué)生。補(bǔ)充：some……theothers……用于三者或三者以上，意為“一些……其余的……”eg：Boysareontheplayground.Someareplayingfootballandtheothersareplayingtennis.男孩兒們都在操場(chǎng)上。一些正在踢足球，其余的正在打網(wǎng)球。to常跟在動(dòng)詞go,come,return,move等之后，表示“向往”，有“到達(dá)”eg：Hewalkedtowardstheschool.他朝著學(xué)校走去。HemovedtoBeijinglastyear.去年他搬到了北京。eg：Apieceoflandinthemiddleofthesea.在海中央的一塊陸地。Heiswalkinginthemiddleofthesquare.他正走在廣場(chǎng)的中間。Iwokeupinthemiddleofthenightyesterday.我昨天半夜醒了。cantwaittodosth.意為“迫不及待去做某事”eg：Everytimesheisinthelibrary,Sallylooksatthemanyyetandshecan'twaittoreadthem!每次在圖書館補(bǔ)充：can'thelpdoingsth.意為“情不自禁做某事”can'tstanddoingsth.意為“不能容忍做某事”eg：Hecouldnothelplaughing.他情不自禁地笑了起來(lái)。Ican'tstandwaitingforalongtime.我不能容忍等很久。eg：TheTomsmustbepopular.湯姆樂(lè)隊(duì)一定很受歡迎。Theremustbeamistake.一定是弄錯(cuò)了。Hemustbeill.Helookssopale.他肯定是病了。他的臉色那么蒼白。fightover為固定短語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于fightabout，意為“因……爭(zhēng)論/爭(zhēng)奪……”f]ght的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞都為fought。eg：Thetwodogswerefightingoverabone.兩只狗正在為一塊骨頭撕咬。Don'tfightoversmallthings.不要為瑣事?tīng)?zhēng)吵。WhenSarahwasateenager,sheusedtofightoveralmosteverythingwithherfamily.當(dāng)薩拉年少時(shí)，她幾乎每一件事都要與她的家人爭(zhēng)吵。補(bǔ)充：fightagainst/withsb./sth.與……搏斗/打架/作戰(zhàn)fightforsth.為……而斗爭(zhēng)，爭(zhēng)取獲得某物eg：HaveyoufoughtwithyourbrotherTheyfightforequalhumanrights.他們?yōu)楂@得平等人權(quán)而斗爭(zhēng)。eg：Butfiveyearsago,whileshewasstudyingabroadinEngland,sheheardasongfulloffeelingsaboutreturninghomeontheradio.但是五年前，當(dāng)她在英國(guó)留學(xué)的時(shí)候，她在收音機(jī)里聽(tīng)到一首充滿感情的有關(guān)回家的歌曲。ShewaslisteningtoaninterestingprogrammeontheradiowhenIcalledher.我給她打電話時(shí)，她正在通過(guò)收音機(jī)聽(tīng)一個(gè)有趣的節(jié)目。onthetelephone通過(guò)電話，在電話里ontheInternet通過(guò)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，在網(wǎng)上onthecomputer通過(guò)電腦；在電腦上onTV通過(guò)電視，在電視上eg：Shecametorealizehowmuchsheactuallymissedallofthem.她逐漸意識(shí)到她實(shí)際上是多么思念他們。HowdidyoucometoknowMrGreen?你是怎么認(rèn)識(shí)Whenyougetolder,youIllcometorealizehowmuchyourparentshavedoneforyou.當(dāng)你逐漸長(zhǎng)大時(shí)，你會(huì)慢慢發(fā)現(xiàn)你的父母為你付出了多少。補(bǔ)充：cometodo還可意為“來(lái)做（從事）某事”。eg：Excuseme,wouldyouliketocometohelpmewithmymaths?打擾了，你愿意來(lái)幫助我學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)嗎?WehopeyouIllcometovisitus.我們希望你會(huì)來(lái)看望我們。akindof后跟名詞，意為“一種……”。eg：CountryisatraditionalkindofmusicfromthesouthernstatesofAmerica.鄉(xiāng)村音樂(lè)是一種來(lái)自美國(guó)南部幾個(gè)州的傳統(tǒng)類型的音樂(lè)。Anappleisakindoffruit.蘋果是一種水果。補(bǔ)充：與kind有關(guān)的短語(yǔ)eg：IImkindofhungry.我有點(diǎn)兒餓了。eg：Thiskindoffilmisnotpopular.這種電影不受歡迎。③“allkindsof+名詞”意為“各種各樣的……”。eg：Wehaveallkindsoftools.我們有各種各樣的工具。④“differentkindsof+名詞”意為“不同種類的……”。eg：Therearedifferentkindsofbooksinabookshop.書店里有不同種類的書籍。eg：TheyliveinthesouthernpartofChina.補(bǔ)充：常見(jiàn)的表示方位的形容詞：south→southern南方的west→western西方的northeast→northeastern東北方的southeast→southeastern東南方的他們住在中國(guó)的南部地區(qū)。north→northern北方的northwest→northwestern西北方的southwest→southwestern西南方的一般用來(lái)一般用來(lái)列舉同類人或事物中的幾個(gè)，放在被列舉的事物與前面的名suchas用來(lái)舉例說(shuō)明某種情況，一般只以同類事物中的一個(gè)為例；作為插入forexample語(yǔ)，用逗號(hào)隔開，可置于句首、句中或句末eg：ManysongsthesedaysarejustaboutmodernlifeintheUS,suchastheimportanceofmoneyandsuccess,butnotaboutbelongingtoagroup.現(xiàn)在許多歌曲都只是關(guān)于美國(guó)現(xiàn)代生活的，比如金錢和成功的重要性，而不是有關(guān)歸屬感的。WehavebeentomanyplacessuchasShanghai,BeijingandHangzhou.我們?nèi)ミ^(guò)很多地方，比如上海、北京和杭州。Forexample,ballgameshavespreadaroundtheworld.例如，球類運(yùn)動(dòng)已經(jīng)在全世界傳播開了。Noise,forexample,isakindofpollution.例如，噪音是一種污染。eg：ThatdictionarybelongstoAlex.那本字典是屬于亞歷克斯的，注意：belongto后接名詞或人稱代詞的賓格形式，但后面不能接名詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格。belongto常與物主代詞或名詞所有格進(jìn)行句型轉(zhuǎn)換。eg：ItmustbelongtoCarla.=ItmustbeCarla's.它一定屬于卡拉。在及物動(dòng)詞之后可直接用作賓語(yǔ)(如helpeachother)；而在不及物動(dòng)詞之后，則要借助介詞(talktoeachother/learnfromoneanother)eg：However,countrymusicbringsusbacktothe“goodolddays”whenpeoplewerekindtoeachotherandtrustedoneanother.然而，鄉(xiāng)村音樂(lè)帶我們回到“過(guò)去的美好時(shí)光”，那時(shí)人們彼此友好、相互信任。eg：Weallhelpeachother/oneanother.我們都互相幫助。Theylookedateachother/oneanotherandlaughed.他們彼此看了看便笑了起來(lái)。補(bǔ)充：都有名詞所有格eachother's/oneanother's“彼此的；對(duì)方的”eg：Theyknoweachother's/oneanother'sadvantages.他們彼此都了解對(duì)方的優(yōu)點(diǎn)?！按谀车亍?。eg：lhavebeentoJinan.我去過(guò)濟(jì)南。(現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來(lái))Sarahhasn'tbeentoNashvilleyet,butitisherdreamtogothereo