2025年托?？荚囬喿x真題模擬模擬試卷：量子計(jì)算信息科學(xué)前沿考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、選詞填空同學(xué)們，咱們今天來練練選詞填空，這可是托福閱讀里的一大難點(diǎn)，得好好琢磨琢磨。我會(huì)給你們一段關(guān)于量子計(jì)算的文章，里面空著不少詞，你們得根據(jù)上下文的意思，從每題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)里挑出最合適的填進(jìn)去。注意啊，這可不是簡(jiǎn)單的猜詞，得結(jié)合整個(gè)句子的邏輯，還有前后文的聯(lián)系。來，我們開始吧。1.Thedevelopmentofquantumcomputinghasbeenhailedasapotentialrevolutionincomputingpower,_______theabilitytosolvecomplexproblemsmuchfasterthanclassicalcomputers.A.extendingB.demonstratingC.questioningD.replacing2.Quantumbits,orqubits,arethefundamentalunitsofquantuminformationandcanexistinmultiplestatessimultaneously,_______classicalbitsthatcanonlybeinastateof0or1.A.unlikeB.similartoC.equivalentwithD.contraryof3.Oneofthemostsignificantchallengesinquantumcomputingismaintainingquantumcoherence,whichreferstothe_______ofquantumstatesovertime.A.stabilityB.degradationC.transformationD.observation4.Quantumalgorithms,suchasShor'salgorithm,havethe_______tobreakcertaincryptographicsystemsthataresecureforclassicalcomputers.A.capabilityB.possibilityC.intentionD.permission5.Theintegrationofquantumcomputingwithmachinelearninghasopenedupnew_______infieldslikedrugdiscoveryandoptimizationproblems.A.opportunitiesB.obstaclesC.limitationsD.complexities6.Quantumentanglement,aphenomenonwheretwoormoreparticlesbecomelinkedandthestateofonecaninstantlyinfluencethestateofanother,isakeyresourcefor_______quantumcomputers.A.buildingB.understandingC.controllingD.utilizing7.Theerrorratesincurrentquantumcomputersarerelativelyhigh,requiringadvancederrorcorrectiontechniquesto_______reliablecomputations.A.ensureB.reduceC.improveD.eliminate8.Quantumsupremacyreferstothepointwherequantumcomputerscanperformcertaintasksthatarepracticallyimpossibleforclassicalcomputers,_______amajormilestoneinthefield.A.markingB.indicatingC.suggestingD.proving9.Thefieldofquantumcomputingisinterdisciplinary,drawingonprinciplesfromphysics,computerscience,andmathematicsto_______newcomputationalparadigms.A.developB.understandC.applyD.analyze10.Quantumcryptographyaimstousequantummechanicsto_______securecommunicationchannelsthataretheoreticallyunbreakablebyeavesdroppers.A.createB.disruptC.weakenD.modify二、閱讀理解好了同學(xué)們，接下來咱們來做閱讀理解。這部分主要是考你們能不能抓住文章的主旨，還有細(xì)節(jié)信息。我會(huì)給你們一段關(guān)于量子計(jì)算的文章，下面有五道題，每道題后面都有四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，你們得根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容，選出最符合題意的答案。記住啊，一定要仔細(xì)閱讀文章，別光靠感覺瞎蒙。咱們開始吧。1.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthemajoradvantagesofquantumcomputingoverclassicalcomputing?A.Quantumcomputersaresmallerandmoreenergy-efficient.B.Quantumcomputerscansolvecomplexproblemsmuchfaster.C.Quantumcomputersaremoredurableandlesspronetoerrors.D.Quantumcomputerscanoperateinextremeenvironments.2.Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutquantumbits(qubits)?A.Theyarethesameasclassicalbitsbutcanexistinmultiplestates.B.Theyareonlyusefulforsimplecalculations.C.Theycanexistinmultiplestatessimultaneously.D.Theyaredifficulttomanipulateandpronetoerrors.3.Whatisthemainchallengementionedinthepassageregardingquantumcomputing?A.Thehighcostofbuildingquantumcomputers.B.Thedifficultyinmaintainingquantumcoherence.C.Thelackofskilledprofessionalsinthefield.D.Theslowdevelopmentofquantumalgorithms.4.Whatisquantumentanglement,accordingtothepassage?A.Atypeoferrorthatoccursinquantumcomputers.B.Aphenomenonwhereparticlesbecomelinkedandinfluenceeachotherinstantly.C.Aprocessofconvertingclassicalbitsintoquantumbits.D.Amethodusedtocorrecterrorsinquantumcomputers.5.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofquantumcomputing?A.Quantumcomputingwillreplaceclassicalcomputingentirely.B.Quantumcomputingwillonlybeusefulforscientificresearch.C.Quantumcomputingwillhavesignificantapplicationsinvariousfields.D.Quantumcomputingwillremainatheoreticalconceptwithnopracticaluse.三、句子填空好嘞，同學(xué)們，咱們接著來，這回是句子填空。這部分啊，主要考你們?cè)~匯量和對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的理解。我會(huì)給你們一段話，里面空著不少詞，你們得根據(jù)上下文的意思，從每題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)里挑出最合適的填進(jìn)去。這可不是簡(jiǎn)單的事，得仔細(xì)琢磨每個(gè)詞的意思，還得看看它跟前后句的關(guān)系。來，咱們開始這道題。1.Quantumcomputingleveragestheprinciplesofquantummechanicstoperformcomputations,_______classicalcomputingreliessolelyonbinarydigits.A.whereasB.whileC.asD.for2.Theabilityofqubitstoexistinsuperpositionallowsquantumcomputerstoprocessavastamountofinformation_______asingleoperation.A.withB.byC.inD.through3.Quantumteleportationisaprocessbywhichquantuminformationcanbetransmittedfromonelocationtoanother_______preservingtheintegrityofthequantumstate.A.whileB.withoutC.althoughD.despite4.Quantumalgorithmsaredesignedtoexploitquantumphenomenasuchasentanglementandsuperposition,_______classicalalgorithmsfollowdeterministicrules.A.contrastingB.comparedtoC.unlikeD.similarwith5.Thedevelopmentofquantumerrorcorrectioncodesiscrucialfor_______thestabilityofquantumcomputationsinthepresenceofnoise.A.maintainingB.ensuringC.promotingD.enhancing6.Quantumcryptographyusesthepropertiesofquantumbitsto_______eavesdroppingattempts,asanymeasurementonaquantumsysteminevitablydisturbsit.A.detectB.preventC.encourageD.allow7.Theconceptofquantumsupremacyreferstothepointwherequantumcomputerscansolvecertainproblems_______classicalcomputerswouldtakeanimpracticallylongtime.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where8.Quantumannealingisamethodusedinquantumcomputingto_______thesystemtothelowestenergystate,effectivelysolvingoptimizationproblems.A.guideB.driveC.leadD.push9.Theintegrationofquantumcomputingwithartificialintelligencehasthepotentialto_______breakthroughsinmachinelearningalgorithmsandapplications.A.driveB.fosterC.hinderD.limit10.Asquantumcomputingtechnologymatures,itisexpectedto_______transformativechangesinindustriessuchasfinance,medicine,andmaterialsscience.A.bringB.causeC.resultD.lead四、判斷題好，同學(xué)們，接下來咱們來做判斷題。這部分主要考你們對(duì)文章細(xì)節(jié)的把握能力。我會(huì)給你們一些關(guān)于量子計(jì)算的說法，你們得根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容，判斷這些說法是正確的（T），還是錯(cuò)誤的（F）。這需要你們仔細(xì)閱讀文章，把每個(gè)說法和文章里的信息對(duì)上號(hào)。來，咱們開始吧。1.Quantumbits(qubits)canexistinasuperpositionofstates,unlikeclassicalbitsthatcanonlybeinastateof0or1.T/F2.Quantumentanglementallowstwoparticlestobelinkedsothatthestateofoneinstantlyinfluencesthestateofanother,regardlessofdistance.T/F3.Quantumcomputingisprimarilyusefulforscientificresearchandhasnopracticalapplicationsineverydaytechnology.T/F4.Quantumsupremacymeansthatquantumcomputerscanperformanytaskfasterthanclassicalcomputers.T/F5.Quantumcryptographyistheoreticallyunbreakablebecauseitusestheprinciplesofquantummechanicstosecurecommunication.T/F6.Quantumerrorcorrectionisessentialformaintainingthestabilityofquantumcomputations,butitiscurrentlyimpossibletoimplement.T/F7.Quantumannealingisamethodusedtosolveoptimizationproblemsbydrivingthesystemtothelowestenergystate.T/F8.Theintegrationofquantumcomputingwithmachinelearninghasalreadyledtosignificantbreakthroughsindrugdiscovery.T/F9.Quantumcomputingreliesonclassicalmechanicsprinciples,similartohowclassicalcomputersoperate.T/F10.Quantumcomputersareexpectedtoreplaceclassicalcomputersentirelyinthenearfuture.T/F五、段落匹配好嘞，同學(xué)們，最后一部分了，咱們來做段落匹配。這部分啊，主要考你們對(duì)文章結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容的理解。我會(huì)給你們一些段落，下面有一些關(guān)于量子計(jì)算的說法，你們得把每個(gè)說法和對(duì)應(yīng)的段落匹配起來。這需要你們仔細(xì)閱讀每個(gè)段落，找到最符合每個(gè)說法的段落。來，咱們開始吧。ParagraphA:Quantumcomputingleveragestheprinciplesofquantummechanicstoperformcomputations,whereasclassicalcomputingreliessolelyonbinarydigits.Theabilityofqubitstoexistinsuperpositionallowsquantumcomputerstoprocessavastamountofinformationwithasingleoperation.ParagraphB:Quantumteleportationisaprocessbywhichquantuminformationcanbetransmittedfromonelocationtoanotherwithoutpreservingtheintegrityofthequantumstate.Thisphenomenonisakeyresourceforbuildingquantumcomputers.ParagraphC:Quantumalgorithmsaredesignedtoexploitquantumphenomenasuchasentanglementandsuperposition,unlikeclassicalalgorithmsthatfollowdeterministicrules.Theintegrationofquantumcomputingwithmachinelearninghasthepotentialtofosterbreakthroughsinmachinelearningalgorithmsandapplications.ParagraphD:Quantumsupremacyreferstothepointwherequantumcomputerscansolvecertainproblemsthatclassicalcomputerswouldtakeanimpracticallylongtime.Thedevelopmentofquantumerrorcorrectioncodesiscrucialforensuringthestabilityofquantumcomputationsinthepresenceofnoise.ParagraphE:Quantumcryptographyusesthepropertiesofquantumbitstopreventeavesdroppingattempts,asanymeasurementonaquantumsysteminevitablydisturbsit.Quantumannealingisamethodusedtodrivethesystemtothelowestenergystate,effectivelysolvingoptimizationproblems.ParagraphF:Quantumcomputingisprimarilyusefulforscientificresearchandhasnopracticalapplicationsineverydaytechnology.Quantumcomputersareexpectedtoreplaceclassicalcomputersentirelyinthenearfuture.ParagraphG:Quantumbits(qubits)canexistinasuperpositionofstates,unlikeclassicalbitsthatcanonlybeinastateof0or1.Quantumentanglementallowstwoparticlestobelinkedsothatthestateofoneinstantlyinfluencesthestateofanother,regardlessofdistance.ParagraphH:Theintegrationofquantumcomputingwithartificialintelligencehasthepotentialtodrivebreakthroughsinmachinelearningalgorithmsandapplications.Quantumsupremacymeansthatquantumcomputerscanperformanytaskfasterthanclassicalcomputers.ParagraphI:Quantumcomputingreliesonclassicalmechanicsprinciples,similartohowclassicalcomputersoperate.Quantumcryptographyistheoreticallyunbreakablebecauseitusestheprinciplesofquantummechanicstosecurecommunication.ParagraphJ:Quantumerrorcorrectionisessentialformaintainingthestabilityofquantumcomputations,butitiscurrentlyimpossibletoimplement.Quantumannealingisamethodusedtosolveoptimizationproblemsbydrivingthesystemtothelowestenergystate.1.Quantumbits(qubits)canexistinasuperpositionofstates,unlikeclassicalbitsthatcanonlybeinastateof0or1.A.ParagraphG2.Quantumentanglementallowstwoparticlestobelinkedsothatthestateofoneinstantlyinfluencesthestateofanother,regardlessofdistance.B.ParagraphB3.Quantumcomputingisprimarilyusefulforscientificresearchandhasnopracticalapplicationsineverydaytechnology.C.ParagraphF4.Quantumsupremacymeansthatquantumcomputerscanperformanytaskfasterthanclassicalcomputers.D.ParagraphH5.Quantumcryptographyistheoreticallyunbreakablebecauseitusestheprinciplesofquantummechanicstosecurecommunication.E.ParagraphE6.Quantumerrorcorrectionisessentialformaintainingthestabilityofquantumcomputations,butitiscurrentlyimpossibletoimplement.J.ParagraphJ7.Quantumannealingisamethodusedtosolveoptimizationproblemsbydrivingthesystemtothelowestenergystate.I.ParagraphD8.Theintegrationofquantumcomputingwithmachinelearninghasthepotentialtofosterbreakthroughsinmachinelearningalgorithmsandapplications.C.ParagraphC9.Quantumcomputingreliesonclassicalmechanicsprinciples,similartohowclassicalcomputersoperate.G.ParagraphI10.Quantumcomputersareexpectedtoreplaceclassicalcomputersentirelyinthenearfuture.B.ParagraphF本次試卷答案如下一、選詞填空1.B.demonstrating解析：句意是量子計(jì)算的發(fā)展被譽(yù)為計(jì)算能力的潛在革命，展示了它解決復(fù)雜問題的能力。demonstrating意為“展示，證明”，符合句意。extending意為“延長(zhǎng)，擴(kuò)展”，questioning意為“質(zhì)疑”，replacing意為“取代”，都不符合句意。2.A.unlike解析：句意是量子比特（qubits）是量子信息的基本單元，可以同時(shí)存在于多個(gè)狀態(tài)，與經(jīng)典比特不同，經(jīng)典比特只能處于0或1的狀態(tài)。unlike意為“不像”，符合句意。similarto意為“類似于”，equivalentwith意為“等同于”，contraryof意為“與……相反”，都不符合句意。3.A.stability解析：句意是量子計(jì)算的一個(gè)主要挑戰(zhàn)是保持量子相干性，量子相干性是指量子狀態(tài)隨時(shí)間保持穩(wěn)定。stability意為“穩(wěn)定性”，符合句意。degradation意為“退化”，transformation意為“變換”，observation意為“觀察”，都不符合句意。4.A.capability解析：句意是量子算法，如Shor算法，有能力打破某些對(duì)經(jīng)典計(jì)算機(jī)來說是安全的加密系統(tǒng)。capability意為“能力”，符合句意。possibility意為“可能性”，intention意為“意圖”，permission意為“許可”，都不符合句意。5.A.opportunities解析：句意是量子計(jì)算與機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)的結(jié)合為藥物發(fā)現(xiàn)和優(yōu)化問題等領(lǐng)域開辟了新的機(jī)遇。opportunities意為“機(jī)遇”，符合句意。obstacles意為“障礙”，limitations意為“限制”，complexities意為“復(fù)雜性”，都不符合句意。6.D.utilizing解析：句意是量子糾纏，一種現(xiàn)象，其中兩個(gè)或多個(gè)粒子變得相互關(guān)聯(lián)，一個(gè)粒子的狀態(tài)可以瞬間影響另一個(gè)粒子的狀態(tài)，是利用量子計(jì)算機(jī)的關(guān)鍵資源。utilizing意為“利用”，符合句意。building意為“建造”，understanding意為“理解”，controlling意為“控制”，都不符合句意。7.A.ensure解析：句意是當(dāng)前量子計(jì)算機(jī)的錯(cuò)誤率相對(duì)較高，需要先進(jìn)的錯(cuò)誤糾正技術(shù)來確保可靠的計(jì)算。ensure意為“確?！?，符合句意。reduce意為“減少”，improve意為“改進(jìn)”，eliminate意為“消除”，都不符合句意。8.A.marking解析：句意是量子優(yōu)越性指的是量子計(jì)算機(jī)能夠執(zhí)行某些對(duì)經(jīng)典計(jì)算機(jī)來說實(shí)際上不可能完成的任務(wù)，這是一個(gè)重要的里程碑。marking意為“標(biāo)記，表明”，符合句意。indicating意為“指示”，suggesting意為“建議”，proving意為“證明”，都不符合句意。9.A.develop解析：句意是量子計(jì)算領(lǐng)域是跨學(xué)科的，借鑒物理學(xué)、計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)的原則來發(fā)展新的計(jì)算范式。develop意為“發(fā)展”，符合句意。understand意為“理解”，apply意為“應(yīng)用”，analyze意為“分析”，都不符合句意。10.A.create解析：句意是量子密碼學(xué)旨在利用量子力學(xué)來創(chuàng)建理論上不可被竊聽者破解的安全通信渠道。create意為“創(chuàng)建”，符合句意。disrupt意為“破壞”，weaken意為“削弱”，modify意為“修改”，都不符合句意。二、閱讀理解1.B.Quantumcomputerscansolvecomplexproblemsmuchfaster.解析：根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，量子計(jì)算的主要優(yōu)勢(shì)在于能夠比經(jīng)典計(jì)算機(jī)更快地解決復(fù)雜問題。選項(xiàng)B與文章內(nèi)容一致。2.C.Theycanexistinmultiplestatessimultaneously.解析：文章提到量子比特（qubits）可以同時(shí)存在于多個(gè)狀態(tài)，這與經(jīng)典比特只能處于0或1的狀態(tài)不同。選項(xiàng)C與文章內(nèi)容一致。3.B.Thedifficultyinmaintainingquantumcoherence.解析：文章指出量子計(jì)算的一個(gè)主要挑戰(zhàn)是保持量子相干性，即量子狀態(tài)隨時(shí)間保持穩(wěn)定。選項(xiàng)B與文章內(nèi)容一致。4.B.Aphenomenonwhereparticlesbecomelinkedandinfluenceeachotherinstantly.解析：文章描述了量子糾纏是一種現(xiàn)象，其中兩個(gè)或多個(gè)粒子變得相互關(guān)聯(lián)，一個(gè)粒子的狀態(tài)可以瞬間影響另一個(gè)粒子的狀態(tài)。選項(xiàng)B與文章內(nèi)容一致。5.C.Quantumcomputingwillhavesignificantapplicationsinvariousfields.解析：文章提到量子計(jì)算與人工智能的集成有潛力推動(dòng)機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)算法和應(yīng)用上的突破，暗示量子計(jì)算將在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域有重要應(yīng)用。選項(xiàng)C與文章內(nèi)容一致。三、句子填空1.A.whereas解析：句意是量子計(jì)算利用量子力學(xué)的原理進(jìn)行計(jì)算，而經(jīng)典計(jì)算僅僅依賴于二進(jìn)制數(shù)字。whereas意為“而，然而”，符合句意。2.C.in解析：句意是量子比特（qubits）能夠同時(shí)存在于多個(gè)狀態(tài)，使得量子計(jì)算機(jī)能夠通過一次操作處理大量信息。in意為“在……中”，符合句意。3.B.without解析：句意是量子隱形傳態(tài)是一個(gè)過程，通過它可以將在一個(gè)地點(diǎn)的量子信息傳輸?shù)搅硪粋€(gè)地點(diǎn)，而不破壞量子狀態(tài)的整體性。without意為“沒有”，符合句意。4.C.unlike解析：句意是量子算法被設(shè)計(jì)用來利用量子現(xiàn)象，如糾纏和疊加，而經(jīng)典算法遵循確定性規(guī)則。unlike意為“不像”，符合句意。5.B.ensuring解析：句意是量子糾錯(cuò)碼的發(fā)展對(duì)于在噪聲存在的情況下保持量子計(jì)算的穩(wěn)定性至關(guān)重要。ensuring意為“確?！?，符合句意。6.B.prevent解析：句意是量子密碼學(xué)利用量子比特的性質(zhì)來阻止竊聽嘗試，因?yàn)閷?duì)量子系統(tǒng)的任何測(cè)量都會(huì)不可避免地干擾它。prevent意為“阻止”，符合句意。7.A.that解析：句意是量子優(yōu)越性指的是量子計(jì)算機(jī)能夠解決某些問題，這些問題經(jīng)典計(jì)算機(jī)需要花費(fèi)不切實(shí)際的時(shí)間才能解決。that引導(dǎo)定語從句，符合句意。8.B.drive解析：句意是量子退火是一種在量子計(jì)算中用來驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)到最低能量狀態(tài)的方法，有效地解決優(yōu)化問題。drive意為“驅(qū)動(dòng)”，符合句意。9.B.foster解析：句意是量子計(jì)算與人工智能的集成有潛力促進(jìn)機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)算法和應(yīng)用上的突破。foster意