2025年托?？荚囬喿x真題模擬模擬試卷：農(nóng)業(yè)科技可持續(xù)發(fā)展考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、選擇題（本大題共20小題，每小題2分，共40分。請仔細閱讀每篇passage，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。）1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTacharacteristicofsustainableagriculture?A.Itaimstominimizeenvironmentalimpact.B.Itprioritizestheuseofchemicalfertilizers.C.Itpromotesbiodiversity.D.Itfocusesonlong-termsoilhealth.2.Theword"diversification"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.simplificationB.specializationC.varietyD.reduction3.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutorganicfarming?A.Itisalwaysmoreexpensivethanconventionalfarming.B.Itrequireslesslaborthanconventionalfarming.C.Itcanleadtohigheryieldsinsomecases.D.Itisnotsupportedbyscientificresearch.4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisamajorchallengeofgeneticallymodifiedcrops?A.Theymayreducebiodiversity.B.Theyareexpensivetoproduce.C.Theyarenotacceptedbyconsumers.D.Theyrequiremorewaterthantraditionalcrops.5.Theword"subsidies"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.taxesB.grantsC.penaltiesD.fees6.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?A.Toargueagainsttheuseofchemicalfertilizers.B.Tocompareorganicandconventionalfarming.C.Toexplainthebenefitsofsustainableagriculture.D.Topromotetheuseofgeneticallymodifiedcrops.7.Accordingtothepassage,whatisakeybenefitofagroforestry?A.Itincreasessoilerosion.B.Itreduceswaterusage.C.Itprovideshabitatforwildlife.D.Itrequiresminimalmaintenance.8.Theword"sustainable"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.temporaryB.environmentallyfriendlyC.short-termD.costly9.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheuseofpesticides?A.Pesticidesarealwaysnecessaryforhighyields.B.Pesticidescanhavelong-termenvironmentalconsequences.C.Pesticidesareonlyeffectiveinorganicfarming.D.Pesticidesarebecomingobsoleteduetonewtechnologies.10.Accordingtothepassage,whatisamajoradvantageofverticalfarming?A.Itrequireslesslandthantraditionalfarming.B.Itisonlysuitableforgrowingleafygreens.C.Itdoesnotneedsunlight.D.Itismoreexpensivethantraditionalfarming.11.Theword"alleviate"inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.worsenB.reduceC.increaseD.ignore12.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofagriculture?A.Itwillbecomemoredependentonchemicalfertilizers.B.Itwillfocusmoreonsustainablepractices.C.Itwillinvolvelesstechnologicalinnovation.D.Itwillrequiremoremanuallabor.13.Accordingtothepassage,whatisachallengeofpermaculture?A.Itistoocomplextoimplement.B.Itrequiresalotofwater.C.Itdoesnotproduceenoughfood.D.Itisnotsuitableforlarge-scalefarming.14.Theword"mitigate"inthefifthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.causeB.reduceC.ignoreD.enhance15.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheuseofrenewableenergyinagriculture?A.Itisnotcost-effective.B.Itcansignificantlyreduceenergyconsumption.C.Itisonlysuitableforsmallfarms.D.Ithasnoenvironmentalbenefits.16.Accordingtothepassage,whatisakeybenefitofhydroponics?A.Itrequireslessspacethantraditionalfarming.B.Itisonlysuitableforgrowingcertaintypesofcrops.C.Itdoesnotneedsoil.D.Itismoreexpensivethantraditionalfarming.17.Theword"biodiversity"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.varietyB.uniformityC.scarcityD.extinction18.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheroleoftechnologyinsustainableagriculture?A.Technologyisnotnecessaryforsustainablefarming.B.Technologycanhelpsolvemanyenvironmentalproblems.C.Technologyistooexpensiveformostfarmers.D.Technologywillreplacetraditionalfarmingmethodscompletely.19.Accordingtothepassage,whatisamajorbenefitofconservationtillage?A.Itincreasessoilerosion.B.Itrequiresmorelabor.C.Itimprovessoilhealth.D.Itisonlysuitablefordryclimates.20.Theword"stakeholders"inthesixthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.competitorsB.supportersC.participantsD.critics二、填空題（本大題共10小題，每小題2分，共20分。請根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容填寫空格，每空限填一詞。）1.Sustainableagricultureaimsto__________environmentalimpactwhileensuringfoodsecurity.2.Organicfarmingavoidstheuseof__________andreliesonnaturalmethods.3.Geneticallymodifiedcropscan__________topestsanddiseases.4.__________aregovernmentgrantsgiventofarmerstosupportsustainablepractices.5.Agroforestryinvolvesthe__________oftreesandcrops.6.Verticalfarminguses__________togrowfoodinurbanareas.7.Pesticidescan__________biodiversityandharmnon-targetspecies.8.Renewableenergysourceslikesolarandwindcan__________energyconsumptioninagriculture.9.Hydroponicsisamethodofgrowingcropswithout__________.10.Conservationtillagehelpsto__________soilerosionandimprovesoilhealth.三、判斷題（本大題共10小題，每小題2分，共20分。請根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容判斷下列陳述的正誤。）1.Sustainableagriculturealwaysrequirestheuseofgeneticallymodifiedcrops.2.Organicfarmingismoreexpensivethanconventionalfarmingduetohigheryields.3.Agroforestrycanhelptoreducesoilerosionandimprovebiodiversity.4.Verticalfarmingisonlysuitableforlargecitiesduetohighcosts.5.Pesticidesarenecessaryformodernagricultureandhavenonegativeenvironmentalimpact.6.Renewableenergysourcescansignificantlyreduceenergyconsumptioninagriculture.7.Hydroponicsrequiresalotofwatercomparedtotraditionalfarmingmethods.8.Conservationtillageisonlyeffectiveindryclimateswithlimitedrainfall.9.Stakeholdersinagricultureincludefarmers,consumers,andenvironmentalorganizations.10.Sustainableagricultureissolelyfocusedonincreasingcropyields.四、簡答題（本大題共5小題，每小題4分，共20分。請根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容簡要回答下列問題。）1.Whatarethreemainbenefitsofsustainableagriculture?2.Howdoesorganicfarmingdifferfromconventionalfarmingintermsofmethodsandoutcomes?3.Whataretwochallengesofimplementinggeneticallymodifiedcropsinagriculture?4.Explainhowagroforestrycancontributetosustainablefarmingpractices.5.Describetwowaysinwhichtechnologycanhelpimprovesustainableagriculture.本次試卷答案如下一、選擇題答案及解析1.B解析：根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)的目標(biāo)是盡量減少對環(huán)境的影響，推廣生物多樣性，并注重長期土壤健康。而使用化學(xué)肥料并不是可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)的特點，反而可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)更傾向于減少化學(xué)肥料的使用，因此選項B“優(yōu)先使用化學(xué)肥料”是不正確的。2.C解析：“Diversification”在文章中的意思是多樣性。根據(jù)上下文，可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)強調(diào)的是種植多種作物，而不是單一作物，因此多樣性在這里指的是作物種類的多樣性。選項C“多樣性”與文章意思最接近。3.C解析：文章提到有機農(nóng)業(yè)雖然成本可能更高，但在某些情況下可以帶來更高的產(chǎn)量。因此選項C“在某些情況下可以帶來更高的產(chǎn)量”是正確的。4.A解析：文章指出轉(zhuǎn)基因作物的一個主要挑戰(zhàn)是它們可能會減少生物多樣性。因為轉(zhuǎn)基因作物可能與其他作物雜交，從而影響生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的平衡。因此選項A“它們可能會減少生物多樣性”是正確的。5.B解析：“Subsidies”在文章中的意思是補貼。根據(jù)上下文，政府通過補貼來支持農(nóng)民采用可持續(xù)的農(nóng)業(yè)實踐。因此選項B“補助”與文章意思最接近。6.C解析：文章的主要目的是解釋可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)的好處。文章從多個方面介紹了可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)的優(yōu)勢，如環(huán)境保護、資源利用效率等。因此選項C“解釋可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)的好處”是正確的。7.C解析：文章提到農(nóng)林業(yè)通過種植樹木和作物，可以為野生動物提供棲息地。因此選項C“它為野生動物提供棲息地”是正確的。8.B解析：“Sustainable”在文章中的意思是可持續(xù)的?？沙掷m(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)強調(diào)的是長期的環(huán)境友好和資源的可持續(xù)利用。因此選項B“環(huán)境友好的”與文章意思最接近。9.B解析：文章指出使用農(nóng)藥會對環(huán)境造成長期后果，比如污染土壤和水源，影響生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。因此選項B“農(nóng)藥會對環(huán)境造成長期后果”是正確的。10.A解析：文章提到垂直農(nóng)業(yè)的一個主要優(yōu)勢是它比傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)需要更少的土地。因為垂直農(nóng)業(yè)是在有限的空間內(nèi)層疊種植，所以可以節(jié)省土地資源。因此選項A“它比傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)需要更少的土地”是正確的。11.B解析：“Alleviate”在文章中的意思是減輕。根據(jù)上下文，可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)的實踐可以幫助減輕對環(huán)境的壓力。因此選項B“減輕”與文章意思最接近。12.B解析：文章提到未來農(nóng)業(yè)將更加注重可持續(xù)實踐，比如減少化學(xué)肥料的使用，提高資源利用效率等。因此選項B“它將更注重可持續(xù)實踐”是正確的。13.A解析：文章指出實行永續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)可能比較復(fù)雜，需要詳細的規(guī)劃和持續(xù)的維護。因此選項A“它太復(fù)雜了，難以實施”是正確的。14.B解析：“Mitigate”在文章中的意思是減輕。根據(jù)上下文，使用可再生能源可以幫助減輕農(nóng)業(yè)對化石燃料的依賴。因此選項B“減輕”與文章意思最接近。15.B解析：文章提到可再生能源，如太陽能和風(fēng)能，可以顯著減少農(nóng)業(yè)中的能源消耗。因此選項B“它可以顯著減少能源消耗”是正確的。16.C解析：文章提到水培是一種不需要土壤的種植方法。因此選項C“它不需要土壤”是正確的。17.A解析：“Biodiversity”在文章中的意思是生物多樣性。根據(jù)上下文，可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)強調(diào)的是提高生物多樣性，以維護生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的平衡