Unit4詞匯精講精煉目錄TOC\o"13"\h\z\u連詞成段 1精講精煉 2surround 2charge 3amount 4approach 5eager 6breakaway(fromsb/sth) 6belongto 7aswellas 8defence 8announce 9crowd 10puzzle 10achievement 11battle 12重點單詞 12重點短語 13單詞派生 13連詞成段LegaciesAcrossTime:GuardingHistoryandTraditionsInthe

announcement

ofculturalheritageprotection,weoften

approach

thepastthroughtangiblesymbols.Taketheancientcitywalls,which

surround

historicalquarterslikesilentguardians.Thesewalls,builtwithstonescarryingthe

charge

oftime,notonlyrepresentarchitecturalwisdombutalsothe

defence

spiritofancestors.The

amount

oflaborandwisdomcondensedinthemisaremarkable

achievement

ofhumancivilization.Localfestivals,

aswellas

architecturalrelics,

belongto

thesouloftradition.DuringtheLunarNewYear,streetsare

crowded

withpeopleeagerto

breakawayfrom

modernfastpacedlife,embracingritualspasseddownforcenturies.Folkdancesandhandicrafts,once

puzzling

tooutsiders,nowrevealtheiruniquecharms—eachstitchandmelodya

battle

topreserveidentityagainstthetideofglobalization.Westandatthecrossroadsofhistoryandtoday,

eager

toguardtheselegacies.Theyarenotstaticmemoriesbutlivingstories,remindingusthateverybrickinthewallsandeverynoteinthesongscarriestheweightofthosewhocamebefore.Inhonoringthem,wehonorthecontinuousthreadthatconnectsgenerations.譯文：在文化遺產(chǎn)保護的宣言中，我們常常通過具象的符號探尋往昔。以古城墻為例，它們?nèi)绯聊氖刈o者般環(huán)繞著歷史街區(qū)。這些由承載時光印記的石塊砌成的城墻，不僅是建筑智慧的結(jié)晶，更彰顯著先民的防御精神。凝聚其中的無數(shù)心血與智慧，堪稱人類文明的非凡成就。除卻建筑遺跡，地方節(jié)慶同樣屬于傳統(tǒng)的靈魂。農(nóng)歷新年期間，街巷里擠滿了渴望掙脫現(xiàn)代快節(jié)奏生活的人們，他們沉浸于傳承數(shù)百年的儀式之中。曾令外人感到困惑的民間舞蹈與手工藝品，如今正綻放獨特魅力——每一針刺繡、每一段旋律，都是抵御全球化浪潮、守護文化根脈的抗爭。我們佇立在歷史與當下的交匯點，熱忱守護著這些遺產(chǎn)。它們并非凝固的記憶，而是鮮活的敘事，時刻提醒著我們：城墻上的每一塊磚石、歌謠中的每一個音符，都承載著先人的期許。致敬這些遺產(chǎn)，便是致敬連接世代的精神紐帶。精講精煉surroundvt.包圍；圍繞派生：surroundingadj.周圍的；附近的→surroundingsn．環(huán)境搭配：surround...with...用……包圍……besurroundedby/with被……包圍例句：Thesmalltownissurroundedbylushgreenhillsandclearrivers,whichmakesitapopulartouristattraction.這個小鎮(zhèn)被蔥郁的青山和清澈的河流環(huán)繞，使其成為熱門旅游景點。即學即練1.Thesurrounding(surround)fascinatinglandscapenearlytookmybreathaway.2.Wouldyoupleaseoffermesomebeneficialadviceonhowtoadapttotheunfamiliarsurroundings(surround)?3.Surroundedby/withgreentrees,thefarmislocatedatthefootofthehillnearourschool.4.Surrounded(surround)byfamiliarcolleagues,hefeltastrongsenseofbelonging.5.Theancientcity,surrounded(surround)bywallsbuiltintheMingDynasty,attractsmillionsofvisitorseveryyear.6.Thevillageissurrounded(surround)bytheforest,andlooksverybeautiful.7.Theysurroundedthehousewithahighfencetokeepoutintruders.8.Thenoisefromthesurrounding(surround)buildingsdisturbedhissleep.chargevt.收費；控告；充電；(向……)沖n.收費；指控；主管搭配：v.chargesbwith(doing)sth＝accusesbof(doing)sth指控某人犯……罪chargesbmoneyforsth因某事/物收某人錢chargeat向……發(fā)起沖鋒，撲向bechargedwithsth.被賦予……任務(wù)n.freeofcharge＝forfree免費inchargeof掌管(表狀態(tài))takechargeof掌管(表動作)inthechargeof被……掌管；由……負責區(qū)分：inchargeof和inthechargeof：①inchargeof：主語是“負責人”②inthechargeof：主語是“被負責的對象”例句：LastweekwehadaheateddebateaboutwhethercitizenscanaccesstheScienceMuseumfreeofcharge.上周我們就市民是否可以免費使用科學博物館展開了熱烈的討論。即學即練1.Wehaveenoughevidenceandconfidencetochargeyouwithabuseofpower.2.Thegenerousownerofthepubchargedusonlyasmallamountofmoneyforwineandbeer.3.Openingitsbloodymouth,thefiercehungrywolfsprangtoitsfeetsuddenly,chargedatmeandwasabouttoeatmeupinonegulp.4.IwillbeinchargeofathemeclassmeetingdesignedtointroducetraditionalChineseculturestoforeigners.5.Chargedwithcopyingothers’articles,thebloggerwasfined.6.1.JudyandIhadourcarparkedinanundergroundcarparknearTrafalgarSquare,wherewecouldgetourcarbatterycharged(charge).7.一詞多義①Theyoungmanwaschargedwithabusingdrugs.控告②Myfathertookchargeofthepanyfiveyearsago.掌管③Haveyougotyourphonecharged？Itwaspoweredoffjustnow.充電④Luckily,thewolfdidn’tchargeagainafterIusedwolfspray.進攻⑤Theoldmanchargedme10dollarsforabottleofhoney.收費amountn.金額；數(shù)量v.總計，共計；相當于，等于搭配：of...mountof...……的數(shù)量拓展“大量/少量的”表達：alarge/smallamountof＋n.[U]＋v.(單數(shù))large/smallamountsof＋n.[U]＋v.(復數(shù))amountto共計，總計；等于，相當于拓展：agreatdealof；alargeamountof；much（修飾不可數(shù)名詞短語）例句：Afterwhatseemedlikeasafeamountoftime,Ireadthepoemagainandwasconfused.過了一段似乎安全的時間后，我又讀了一遍這首詩，感到很困惑。即學即練1.Yesterdaylargeamountsofhoneyandbutterwere(be)usedtomakethiskindofsnack.2.Alargeamountofmoneywas(be)spentontheconstructionoftheschoollastyear.3.ThemoneyIearnedduringthesummerholidayamountedto300dollars,whichcouldhelpsupportmyfamily.4.Largeamountsofmoneywerespent(spend)onthebridgelastyear.5.Alargeamountofmoneywasspent(spend)onthebridgelastyear.6.Theamountofwaterinthebottleis(be)notenoughforalongjourney.7.It'sestimatedthatthecostamountsto10,000dollars.approachn.接近；方法；途徑vt.接近；接洽；著手處理vi.靠近搭配：n.anapproachto(doing)sth(做某事的)方法/途徑；接近，靠近attheapproachof在快到……的時候v.with...approaching在……快到的時候approachsth/sb接近某物/某人拓展：①跟to搭配的常見名詞answer,key,solution,visit,way,path,contribution,entrance,exit,access等②表示處理的詞還有：dealwith,handle,address區(qū)分：approach、method、way和Means①approach：approachtosth./doingsth.強調(diào)“解決問題的思路或途徑” ②method：methodofsth./doingsth.強調(diào)“系統(tǒng)的方法”③way：waytodosth./ofdoingsth.最通用，可指具體或抽象方法 ④means：meansofsth./doingsth.強調(diào)“借助的工具或手段”例句：Asweapproachedthevillage,wesawsmokerisingfromthechimneys.當我們接近村莊時，看到煙囪里升起炊煙。即學即練1.WiththeSpringFestivalapproaching(approach),wecouldhardlycontainourinnerexcitement.＝AttheapproachoftheSpringFestival,wecouldhardlycontainourinnerexcitement.2.ThepersonIrespectmostismyheadteacherwhoalwaysoffersusdifferentapproachestohandling(handle)ourdifficulties.3.Withthebusapproaching(approach)Brunswick，Vingoshookallover，feelinglikesittingonpinsandneedles.4.Janegottoherfeetshakily,approached(approach)herhusbandandthrewherselfintohisarms,sobbinguncontrollablyonhisshoulder.5.Yesterdayweheldameetingandmadeanapproachtothelow-carbonlifestyle.6.一詞多義①Thestudentsapproachtheirteacherforadvice.v.與……商量②Shedecidedtoadoptadifferentapproachtotheproblem.n.方法；途徑③Asthesummerbreakisapproaching,Iwillbefreeforalmostthreemonths.v.靠近；臨近④What’sthebestwaytoapproachthisproblem？v.處理eageradj.渴望的；熱切的派生：eagerlyadv.熱心地；急切地→eagernessn．熱切；渴望搭配：beeagertodosth渴望做某事beeagerforsth渴望得到某物witheagerness熱切地；急切地hideone’seagerness掩飾某人的渴望拓展：表示“渴望”的短語longto/for；bedyingto/for；bethirstyto/for；haveastrongdesiretodo例句：WhenIwenttoseniormiddleschool,IwaseagertocontinuestudyingEnglish;however,myexperienceinseniorschoolwasverydifferentfrombefore.到了高中后，我渴望繼續(xù)學習英語，然而高中時的經(jīng)歷與以前大不相同。即學即練1.Ilookedatthepoetstraightintheeyesandlongedtoknowthetruthwitheagerness(eager)．2.Iameagertokeep(keep)myselfupdatedwiththelatestnewsbysurfingtheInternet.3.Nothavingenoughcookingexperience,weareeagerforyourtimelyhelp.4.Whenaskedwhetherhewantedagiftforhisbirthday，theboycouldn’thidehiseagerness(eager).5.Thefanswaitedeagerly(eager)outsidetheconcerthallfortheirfavoritesinger.6.Theathletesareeagerforthechampionshipandtheyhavebeentraininghard.7.Hearingthatyouareeagertoe(e)toChinaforcollegeeducation,Ican'twaittoshowmywarmweletoyou.breakaway(fromsb/sth)突然離開；脫離；背叛；逃脫拓展：①與break相關(guān)的短語breakup打碎；分裂，解體；結(jié)束；(關(guān)系等)破裂breakdown垮掉；分解；出故障breakinto破門而入breakin破門而入；打斷；插話breakout(戰(zhàn)爭、洪水、火災(zāi)等)爆發(fā)breakoff斷開；停頓；中斷②“動詞＋away”構(gòu)成的動詞短語：breakaway脫離；背叛；逃脫takeaway消除，解除；帶走，拿走giveaway泄露，贈送例句：Shefinallybrokeawayfromthetraditionalwayofthinkingandcameupwithaninnovativesolutioninthephysicspetition,whichsurprisedeveryone.她最終擺脫了傳統(tǒng)思維方式，在物理競賽中想出了一個創(chuàng)新的解決方案，這讓所有人都感到驚訝。即學即練1.Mydogsuddenlybrokeawayfromme,chargedatthedoorandbegantobarkfiercely.2.Fredhasgivenmenogoodreasonforbeingeagertobreakupourmarriage.3.Finally,Ibrokedown,sheddingtearswithmyfacecoveredinmyhands.4.WhenIgothome,Ifoundmyhousebrokenintoandsomemoneystolen.5.Hewascharginghismobilephonewhenthefirebrokeout.6.Thepolicefoundthatsomeonehadbrokeninwhiletheywereawayonholiday.7.Thelittlegirlbrokeintotearswhenshecouldn'tfindhermother.8.Sheistryingtobreakawayfromthebadhabit,whichmakesherparentshappy.9.Twofriendshadanargument,whichbrokeuptheirfriendshipforever.belongto屬于；是……的成員；是……的組成部分派生：belongvi.應(yīng)在(某處)；適應(yīng)，合得來→belongingn.歸屬；[pl.]所有物；財產(chǎn)搭配：belongto屬于；是……的成員；應(yīng)歸入asenseofbelonging歸屬感注意：belongto沒有被動語態(tài)和進行時態(tài)，用作非謂語時要使用doing形式。例句：TheForbiddenCity,whichbelongstotheMingandQingdynasties,isasymbolofancientChinesearchitecture.故宮屬于明清兩代，是中國古代建筑的象征。即學即練1.Atigerisalargefierceanimalwhichbelongstothecatfamily.2.Havingsoldmostofhisbelongings(belong),thepoetalmosthadnothingleftinthehouse.3.Icanensurethatallyourbelongings(belong)willbecarefullywatchedoverduringyourstayinEngland.4.Thepubbelonging(belong)tomewasburnttotheground，whichmademecrashintothelimitlessabyss.5.Itisbecauseofmygenerousandkindheartedclassmates’assistancethatIfeelasenseofbelonging(belong).6.Theidentitycarddoesn’tbelongtome,thoughthepicturelooksparticularlysimilartome.aswellas同(一樣也)；和；還一詞多義：①與……一樣好e.g.Fewguitaristscansingaswellastheycanplay;Eddie,however,isanexception.②和；也；除……之外e.g.Asanewpresident,unfortunatelyforhim,histitlebroughtobligationsaswellasprivileges.用法：①aswellas常用來連接兩個并列的成分，如名詞、形容詞、動詞、介詞，通常不位于句首。作“也，還”解，連接并列主語時，謂語動詞的數(shù)與aswellas前面的主語保持一致(就遠原則)。②用作介詞時，aswellas相當于besides，inadditionto，意思為“除……之外”，后面通常接名詞或動名詞，尤其是位于句首時。區(qū)分：aswellas和aswell①aswellas 介詞短語，連接并列成分，后接賓語②aswell副詞短語，意為“也”，相當于“too”例句：Theexhibitiontellsushowwecanliveinharmonywithnatureaswellaswaystoprotecttheenvironment.這個展覽告訴我們?nèi)绾闻c自然和諧共處，以及保護環(huán)境的方法。即學即練1.Thestudentsaswellastheteacherare(be)goingtothepark.2.Yourwifeaswellasyouis(be)friendlyandgenerous,forwhichIamverygrateful.3.Aswellastelling(tell)interestingstories,theauthorgavesometipstoprotectourprivacy.4.English,aswellasChineseandmaths,is(be)ofgreatimportance.5.Ourheadteacheraswellasfivestudentrepresentativeswas(be)invitedtodeliveraspeechatyesterday’singofageceremony.defencen.防御；防護派生：defensiveadj.防御的；保護的；保衛(wèi)的；戒備的→defendvt.保護；保衛(wèi)搭配：defend...from/against...=protectsb.from/againststh.保護/保衛(wèi)……免受……一詞多義：①n.防御；保衛(wèi)；防護：e.g.TheneedsofbothcouldbestrengthenedifEuropeinvestedmoreindefence.②n.防務(wù)；防御物；防御能力：e.g.Thebodyhasnaturaldefencemechanismstoprotectitfromdisease.③n.辯護；辯解：indefenceof...為了保護/保衛(wèi)(……)為……辯護e.g.Ihavetosayinherdefencethatsheknewnothingaboutitbeforehand.④n.(體育運動中的)后衛(wèi)；防守隊員例句：Thegovernmenthasallocatedmorefundstothenationaldefencethisyeartoenhancethecountry'smilitarycapabilities.政府今年為國防撥出了更多資金，以增強國家的軍事能力。即學即練1.Thecity’sdefenceagainstfloodsincludesdamsanddrainagesystems.2.Shewroteanarticleindefenceofherresearchmethods.3.Sunglasseshelpdefendyoureyesfromthesun’sharmfulrays.4.Hedefended(defence)hisdecisionbysayingitwasnecessaryfortheteam’ssuccess.5.Thepany’sdefensive(defence)measuresagainstcyberattackswerepraised.announcev.宣布；宣告；通知；預(yù)示派生：announcementn.宣布，聲稱→announcern.宣告者；播音員；報幕員；解說員搭配：It'sannouncedthat...據(jù)宣布……makeanannouncement發(fā)布宣告或通知announcesth.tosb.向某人宣布某事(announce的賓語只能是sth.或that從句，不能加雙賓語，“向某人宣布或通知某人”應(yīng)用announcetosb.)例句：Itisannouncedthattheschoolsportsmeetingwillbepostponedduetobadweather.通知：由于天氣惡劣，校運動會將延期舉行。即學即練1.Whenthehostannouncedthatshewontheprize,herheartwasthumpingwithexcitement.2.PleaseannouncetostudentsthattheholidayswillbeginnextMonday.3.Onedaywithabasketofvegetables,heannouncedtousthathewasgoingtocookadish.4.Oneofthechiefleadersismakinganimportantannouncement(announce)atthemoment.5.ItwasannouncedthatTuYouyouwasthefirstChinesetowintheNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicine.6.Theteacherannouncedtotheclassthattherewouldbenohomeworktoday.crowdn.人群；群眾v.聚集；擠滿派生：crowdedadj.擁擠的；塞滿的搭配：n.人群；民眾acrowdof一群……vt.擠滿；擁擠crowdin/on（想法、問題等）涌上心頭；涌入腦海crowdinto涌入；擠入crowdintoone'smind涌入某人的腦海becrowdedwith擠滿；充滿例句：Justbecauseofonemoreglanceatyouinthecrowd,Ican’tforgetyourfacefromthatmomenton.只是因為在人群中多看了你一眼，再也沒能忘掉你容顏。即學即練1.Afterseeingthereport,problemsaboutthepanycrowdedintomymind.2.Theroomwascrowded(crowd)withhisfriends3.Acrowdofchildrenare(be)passingmyhouse,singingandlaughing.4.Thoughtsoffailurecrowdedinonhimashefacedthedifficultexamquestions.5.Thesmallroomwassocrowded(crowd)thattherewashardlyanyspacetomove.6.Thebookstoreisalwayscrowdedwithpeoplelookingfortheirfavoritebooks.7.Heledmethroughthecrowded(crowd)shopandtoabenchwithalargeboxonit.puzzlen.謎題；智力游戲v.（使）困惑；（使）迷惑派生：puzzledadj.困惑的；迷惑的→puzzlingadj.令人困惑的，令人迷惑的→puzzlementn.困惑，苦思搭配：n．謎；智力游戲；疑問beapuzzletosb.對某人來說是個謎workoutapuzzle解謎vt.迷惑；使困惑puzzle(oneself/sb.)about/over苦苦思索，絞盡腦汁puzzleout仔細考慮解決（難題等）例句：Whatpuzzlesthescientistsishowthisrareplantcansurviveinsuchaharshenvironmentwithoutanyspecialprotectionmechanisms.讓科學家們感到困惑的是，這種珍稀植物在沒有任何特殊保護機制的情況下，如何能在如此惡劣的環(huán)境中生存。即學即練1.Studentsoftenpuzzleabout/overthemeaningofsomearchaicwordsinclassicliterature.2.Thedetectivewastryingtopuzzleoutthesequenceofeventsthatledtothemysteriouscrime.3.WhatpuzzlesyouisactuallyapuzzletomanyparentsinChina.4.Toexplainthepuzzling(puzzle)findings,heofferstwotheories.5.Thepuzzledlookonherfacesuggestedshewaspuzzledoverthepuzzlingmathsproblem.6.HowlifebeganonEarthisoneofthebiggestpuzzles(puzzle)thatscientistsfindhardtosolve.7.Everybodywaspuzzled(puzzle)andaskedwhy.Jennyagainwasspeechless.achievementn.成就；成績；實現(xiàn)派生：achievev.取得，獲得→achievableadj可達到的；可獲得的搭配：n.達成；完成asenseofachievement成就感n.成就；功績；成績makeachievementsin在……取得成就achievesuccess/progress取得成功、進步achieveagoal/anaim實現(xiàn)目標例句：YuanLongping'sgreatestachievementwasdevelopinghybridrice,whichhasgreatlyimprovedglobalfoodsecurity.袁隆平最偉大的成就在于研發(fā)雜交水稻，這極大地改善了全球糧食安全。即學即練1.Hewasdelightedtoreceivesuchimpressiverecognitionforhisachievements(achievement).2.We'vehadagoodstart,butnext,moreworkneedstobedonetoachieve(achieve)ourfinalsuccess.3.Shehasmadegreatachievementsinherworkandhaswonrespectfromherstudents.4.Theteamachieved(achievement)greatsuccessinthepetition.5.Hardworkanddeterminationarethekeystoachieving(achieve)greatachievements.6.Herachievementinwinning(win)theinternationalpianopetitionattheageof15amazedeveryone.battlev.&n.戰(zhàn)斗；斗爭派生：n.戰(zhàn)役；戰(zhàn)斗；斗爭；較量win/loseabattle打贏/輸?shù)粢粓鰬?zhàn)役battlefield戰(zhàn)場battlecry吶喊；戰(zhàn)斗口號vt&vi(與……)斗爭；(與……)戰(zhàn)斗：battlewith/against...同……作斗爭batterfor...為了……而斗爭battletodosth.力爭做某事battlethroughsth.掙扎著度過（困難時期）例句：TheBattleofChangshawasacrucialbattleinChinesehistory,demonstratingthesoldiers’courageandperseverance.長沙會戰(zhàn)是中國歷史上一場關(guān)鍵戰(zhàn)役，展現(xiàn)了士兵的勇氣與堅韌。即學即練1.Inthebattleagainsttheinvadingforces,thelocalpeopleunitedtodefendtheirhomeland.2.Shewonthebattleforthefirstplaceinthedebatepetitionthroughthoroughresearchandexcellentspeakingskills.3.Scientistsareengagedinafiercebattletofindacureforthenewvirus.4.Endangeredspeciesarebattlingtosurvive(survive)inaworldaffectedbyclimatechangeandhabitatloss.5.Shebattledthroughmonthsofhardworkandfinallyachievedhergoalofgettingintoakeyuniversity.重點單詞單詞含義單詞含義individualadj.單獨的；個別的n．個人buttern．黃油