七年級英語專項練習(xí)題與句型訓(xùn)練一、前言七年級是初中英語學(xué)習(xí)的奠基階段，核心目標(biāo)是掌握基礎(chǔ)詞匯、基本句型及核心語法（如一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在進行時、一般過去時）。本文圍繞七年級重點考點，設(shè)計了五大專項練習(xí)（詞匯運用、句型轉(zhuǎn)換、時態(tài)訓(xùn)練、介詞與連詞、日常交際用語），每部分均包含知識點梳理、句型訓(xùn)練、專項練習(xí)及詳細(xì)解析，旨在幫助學(xué)生系統(tǒng)鞏固基礎(chǔ)，提升語言運用能力。二、詞匯運用專項1.知識點梳理七年級詞匯重點聚焦“詞形變化”與“詞性用法”：名詞：單復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則（加\(s/es\)，如\(book→books\)；\(potato→potatoes\)）、不規(guī)則變化（如\(man→men\)；\(child→children\)）；代詞：人稱代詞（主格\(I/you/he\)；賓格\(me/you/him\)）、物主代詞（形容詞性\(my/your/his\)；名詞性\(mine/yours/his\)）；動詞：一般現(xiàn)在時第三人稱單數(shù)（加\(s/es\)，如\(like→likes\)；\(go→goes\)）、現(xiàn)在分詞（加\(ing\)，如\(play→playing\)；\(run→running\)）、一般過去時（加\(ed\)或不規(guī)則變化，如\(walk→walked\)；\(go→went\)）；形容詞/副詞：形容詞修飾名詞（\(a\red\apple\)）、副詞修飾動詞（\(run\fast\)）。2.句型訓(xùn)練（用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）(1)Thesearemy______(friend).(2)He______(have)anewbike.(3)Look!They______(play)football.(4)Mymother______(cook)dinneryesterday.(5)Thecatis______(quick)thanthedog.答案：(1)friends；(2)has；(3)areplaying；(4)cooked；(5)quicker。3.專項練習(xí)(1)Those______(boy)aremyclassmates.(2)—Isthis______(you)pen?—Yes,it's______(I).(3)Sheoften______(read)booksintheevening.(4)We______(visit)ourgrandparentslastweekend.(5)Theflowersare______(beautiful).(6)Look!Thebird______(fly)inthesky.(7)—What's______(she)name?—______(she)nameisLucy.(8)They______(notlike)vegetables.(9)Myfather______(go)toworkbycareveryday.(10)I______(buy)anewbagyesterday.4.答案解析(1)boys：\(those\)表示復(fù)數(shù)，\(boy\)變復(fù)數(shù)加\(s\)；(2)your；mine：形容詞性物主代詞\(your\)修飾名詞\(pen\)；名詞性物主代詞\(mine\)代替\(my\pen\)；(3)reads：\(often\)表示一般現(xiàn)在時，主語\(she\)是第三人稱單數(shù)，\(read\)加\(s\)；(4)visited：\(last\weekend\)表示一般過去時，\(visit\)變過去式加\(ed\)；(5)beautiful：形容詞作表語，描述花的特征；(6)isflying：\(look\)表示現(xiàn)在進行時，結(jié)構(gòu)為\(be+doing\)，主語\(the\bird\)是單數(shù)，\(be\)動詞用\(is\)；(7)her；Her：形容詞性物主代詞\(her\)修飾名詞\(name\)；句首首字母大寫；(8)don'tlike：一般現(xiàn)在時否定句，主語\(they\)是復(fù)數(shù)，用\(don't+動詞原形\)；(9)goes：\(every\day\)表示一般現(xiàn)在時，主語\(my\father\)是第三人稱單數(shù)，\(go\)加\(es\)；(10)bought：\(yesterday\)表示一般過去時，\(buy\)的過去式是不規(guī)則變化\(bought\)。三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換專項1.知識點梳理句型轉(zhuǎn)換是七年級核心考查題型，重點掌握以下規(guī)則：肯定句變否定句：一般現(xiàn)在時：第三人稱單數(shù)用\(doesn't+動詞原形\)，其他人稱用\(don't+動詞原形\)；現(xiàn)在進行時：在\(be\)動詞后加\(not\)；一般過去時：用\(didn't+動詞原形\)?？隙ň渥円话阋蓡柧洌阂话悻F(xiàn)在時：第三人稱單數(shù)用\(does+主語+動詞原形\)，其他人稱用\(do+主語+動詞原形\)；現(xiàn)在進行時：將\(be\)動詞提前；一般過去時：用\(did+主語+動詞原形\)。對劃線部分提問：選擇特殊疑問詞（\(what/where/when/who/how\)等），將句子變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧湔Z序（除主語外）。同義句轉(zhuǎn)換：用同義詞或同義短語替換（如\(It's\time\for...=It's\time\to...\)；\(I\want\to...=I'd\like\to...\)）。2.句型訓(xùn)練(1)肯定句：Helikesapples.否定句：______一般疑問句：______對“apples”提問：______(2)肯定句：Theyareplayingfootballnow.否定句：______一般疑問句：______對“playingfootball”提問：______(3)肯定句：Shewenttoschoolyesterday.否定句：______一般疑問句：______對“yesterday”提問：______答案：(1)Hedoesn'tlikeapples.；Doeshelikeapples?；Whatdoeshelike?(2)Theyaren'tplayingfootballnow.；Aretheyplayingfootballnow?；Whataretheydoingnow?(3)Shedidn'tgotoschoolyesterday.；Didshegotoschoolyesterday?；Whendidshegotoschool?3.專項練習(xí)(1)肯定句：Ihaveanewbike.否定句：______一般疑問句：______(2)肯定句：WearewatchingTV.否定句：______一般疑問句：______(3)肯定句：Tomatebreakfastat7:00.否定句：______一般疑問句：______(4)肯定句：Thebookisonthedesk.（對“onthedesk”提問）______(5)肯定句：Shegoestoschoolbybus.（對“bybus”提問）______(6)肯定句：TheyhaveEnglishclasseveryMonday.（對“everyMonday”提問）______(7)肯定句：It'stimeforlunch.（同義句）______(8)肯定句：Iwanttobuyanewpen.（同義句）______(9)肯定句：Thecatiswhite.（對“white”提問）______(10)肯定句：Heismybrother.（對“mybrother”提問）______4.答案解析(1)否定句：Idon'thaveanewbike.（一般現(xiàn)在時，主語\(I\)是第一人稱，用\(don't+動詞原形\)）；一般疑問句：Doyouhaveanewbike?（用\(do+主語\you+動詞原形\)）；(2)否定句：Wearen'twatchingTV.（現(xiàn)在進行時，\(be\)動詞后加\(not\)）；一般疑問句：AreyouwatchingTV?（將\(be\)動詞\(are\)提前）；(3)否定句：Tomdidn'teatbreakfastat7:00.（一般過去時，用\(didn't+動詞原形\)）；一般疑問句：DidTomeatbreakfastat7:00?（用\(did+主語\Tom+動詞原形\)）；(4)Whereisthebook?（劃線部分是地點，用\(where\)提問，將\(be\)動詞\(is\)提前）；(5)Howdoesshegotoschool?（劃線部分是方式，用\(how\)提問，一般現(xiàn)在時，主語\(she\)是第三人稱單數(shù)，用\(does+主語+動詞原形\)）；(6)WhendotheyhaveEnglishclass?（劃線部分是時間，用\(when\)提問，一般現(xiàn)在時，主語\(they\)是復(fù)數(shù)，用\(do+主語+動詞原形\)）；(7)It'stimetohavelunch.（\(It's\time\for+名詞=It's\time\to+動詞原形\)）；(8)I'dliketobuyanewpen.（\(want\to=would\like\to\)）；(9)Whatcoloristhecat?（劃線部分是顏色，用\(what\color\)提問）；(10)Whoishe?（劃線部分是人物，用\(who\)提問）。四、時態(tài)訓(xùn)練專項1.知識點梳理七年級核心時態(tài)及標(biāo)志詞：一般現(xiàn)在時：表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)，標(biāo)志詞：\(often,usually,every\day\)；結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+動詞原形（非第三人稱單數(shù)）/動詞第三人稱單數(shù)（第三人稱單數(shù)）?，F(xiàn)在進行時：表示正在進行的動作，標(biāo)志詞：\(now,look,listen\)；結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+\(be\)（\(am/is/are\)）+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞（\(doing\)）。一般過去時：表示過去發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)，標(biāo)志詞：\(yesterday,last\week,ago\)；結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+動詞過去式（\(ed\)/不規(guī)則變化）。2.句型訓(xùn)練（用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）(1)She______(play)thepianoeveryevening.（一般現(xiàn)在時）(2)Look!They______(swim)intheriver.（現(xiàn)在進行時）(3)We______(visit)themuseumlastSunday.（一般過去時）(4)He______(notlike)coffee.（一般現(xiàn)在時否定）(5)—What______you______(do)now?—I______(read)abook.（現(xiàn)在進行時）答案：(1)plays；(2)areswimming；(3)visited；(4)doesn'tlike；(5)are；doing；amreading。3.專項練習(xí)(1)I______(get)upat6:30everymorning.(2)Listen!Thebirds______(sing)inthetree.(3)They______(go)totheparkyesterday.(4)She______(noteat)breakfastthismorning.(5)—______he______(watch)TVnow?—Yes,he______.(6)Weoften______(play)footballafterschool.(7)Mymother______(cook)dinnernow.(8)He______(buy)anewshirtlastweek.(9)—What______you______(do)lastweekend?—I______(clean)myroom.(10)She______(like)Englishverymuch.4.答案解析(1)get：\(every\morning\)表示一般現(xiàn)在時，主語\(I\)是第一人稱，用動詞原形；(2)aresinging：\(listen\)表示現(xiàn)在進行時，主語\(the\birds\)是復(fù)數(shù)，\(be\)動詞用\(are\)，\(sing\)的現(xiàn)在分詞是\(singing\)；(3)went：\(yesterday\)表示一般過去時，\(go\)的過去式是不規(guī)則變化\(went\)；(4)didn'teat：\(this\morning\)表示過去的時間，一般過去時否定句用\(didn't+動詞原形\)；(5)Is；watching；is：\(now\)表示現(xiàn)在進行時，一般疑問句將\(be\)動詞\(is\)提前，主語\(he\)是單數(shù)，\(be\)動詞用\(is\)；肯定回答用\(Yes,he\is.\)；(6)play：\(often\)表示一般現(xiàn)在時，主語\(we\)是復(fù)數(shù)，用動詞原形；(7)iscooking：\(now\)表示現(xiàn)在進行時，主語\(my\mother\)是單數(shù)，\(be\)動詞用\(is\)，\(cook\)的現(xiàn)在分詞是\(cooking\)；(8)bought：\(last\week\)表示一般過去時，\(buy\)的過去式是不規(guī)則變化\(bought\)；(9)did；do；cleaned：\(last\weekend\)表示一般過去時，特殊疑問句用\(did+主語+動詞原形\)；回答用動詞過去式\(cleaned\)；(10)likes：表示經(jīng)常的狀態(tài)，一般現(xiàn)在時，主語\(she\)是第三人稱單數(shù)，\(like\)加\(s\)。五、介詞與連詞專項1.知識點梳理介詞：時間介詞：\(in+年/月/季節(jié)\)（\(in\2023\)；\(in\July\)）；\(on+具體某一天\)（\(on\Monday\)；\(on\June\1st\)）；\(at+時間點\)（\(at\8:00\)；\(at\noon\)）。地點介詞：\(under\)（在…下面）；\(behind\)（在…后面）；\(between...and...\)（在…之間）；\(in\)（在…里面）；\(on\)（在…上面）。方式介詞：\(with\)（用…工具，\(with\a\pen\)）；\(by\)（用…方式，\(by\bus\)）；\(for\)（為了…，\(for\you\)）。連詞：\(and\)（并列，和）：\(I\like\apples\and\bananas.\)；\(but\)（轉(zhuǎn)折，但是）：\(She\is\tired\but\she\still\works\hard.\)；\(or\)（選擇，或者）：\(Would\you\like\tea\or\coffee?\)；\(so\)（結(jié)果，所以）：\(It's\raining\so\I\stay\at\home.\)。2.句型訓(xùn)練（選擇正確的介詞或連詞填空）(1)Hegoestoschool______bus.（\(by/with\)）(2)Thebookis______thedesk.（\(on/under\)）(3)Igetup______7:00everymorning.（\(at/in\)）(4)Shelikesapples______shedoesn'tlikeoranges.（\(and/but\)）(5)WehaveEnglishclass______Monday.（\(on/in\)）答案：(1)by；(2)on/under（根據(jù)實際情況選擇）；(3)at；(4)but；(5)on。3.專項練習(xí)(1)Theyplayfootball______theafternoon.(2)Thecatis______thechair.(3)Igotobed______9:30everynight.(4)Shelikessinging______dancing.(5)Heislate______school.(6)Theparkis______thebankandthesupermarket.(7)Wouldyouliketogotothezoo______me?(8)It'scold______Iwearacoat.(9)Shewritesaletter______apen.(10)Wehaveaparty______Saturdayevening.4.答案解析(1)in：\(in\the\afternoon\)表示“在下午”，固定搭配；(2)under/on/behind：根據(jù)實際情況選擇地點介詞，如\(under\the\chair\)（在椅子下面）；(3)at：具體時間點前用\(at\)；(4)and：\(singing\)和\(dancing\)是并列關(guān)系，用\(and\)；(5)for：\(be\late\for\school\)表示“上學(xué)遲到”，固定搭配；(6)between：\(between...and...\)表示“在…和…之間”，固定搭配；(7)with：\(with\me\)表示“和我一起”，固定搭配；(8)so：“天氣冷”是原因，“穿外套”是結(jié)果，用\(so\)；(9)with：“用鋼筆寫信”，\(with\)表示“用…工具”；(10)on：具體某一天的晚上用\(on\)，如\(on\Saturday\evening\)（在周六晚上）。六、日常交際用語專項1.知識點梳理七年級常用日常交際用語：問候：\(Hello!/Hi!/Good\morning!/How\are\you?—I'm\fine,\thanks.\)；介紹：\(This\is\my\friend,\Tom./Nice\to\meet\you.—Nice\to\meet\you,\too.\)；告別：\(Goodbye!/Bye!/See\you\later!\)；道歉：\(I'm\sorry.—It's\okay./Never\mind.\)；請求：\(Can\you\help\me?—Sure./Of\course.\)；詢問信息：\(What's\your\name?—My\name\is.../Where\are\you\from?—I'm\from...\)。2.句型訓(xùn)練（補全對話）A:Hello!B:______!A:What'syourname?B:______nameisMike.A:Nicetomeetyou.B:______too.A:Whereareyoufrom?B:I'mfrom______.A:Howoldareyou?B:I'm______yearsold.答案：Hello/Hi；My；Nicetomeetyou；China（或其他國家/城市）；12（或其他年齡）。3.專項練習(xí)（選擇正確的回應(yīng)）(1)A:Goodmorning!B:______!A.Goodafternoon!B.Goodmorning!C.Goodevening!(2)A:Nicetomeetyou.B:______!(3)A:What'sthisinEnglish?B:______!A.It'sabook.B.I'mfine.C.Yes,itis.(4)A:Thankyouforyourhelp.B:______!A.I'msorry.B.That'sallright.C.Excuseme.(5)A:Canyoupassmethepen?B:______!A.Sure.Hereyouare.B.No,Ican't.C.Yes,Ido.(6)A:Wouldyouliketogotothemovieswithme?B:______!A.Yes,I'dloveto.B.No,Idon't.C.Thankyou.(7)A:I'msorryI'mlate.B:______!(8)A:Whereareyoufrom?B:______!A.I'm13.B.I'mfromBeijing.C.MynameisLucy.(9)A:Howo