Unit1HappyHolidaySectionAGrammar知識(shí)點(diǎn)精講精練重點(diǎn)詞匯解析EveryonesaysthesceneryaroundtheWestLakeissobeautiful.大家都說西湖周邊的景色太美了scenery詞義及用法詞義：表示“自然風(fēng)景、景色”，強(qiáng)調(diào)某一地區(qū)整體的自然景觀（如山水、植被、地形等），是不可數(shù)名詞。Thesceneryinthemountainvillageisbreathtaking.（這個(gè)山村的景色令人驚嘆。）搭配：常與描述自然景觀的形容詞搭配，如beautiful常與介詞"around","of","in"搭配，說明地點(diǎn)，如sceneryaroundthelake（湖邊的景色）、sceneryofthecountryside（鄉(xiāng)村景色）。即學(xué)即練：The________alongtheriverisperfectforawalk.Shetookmanyphotosofthebeautiful________inthenationalpark.Theguidetoldusthatthe________herechangesgreatlywiththeseasons.Youcan'tmissthe________whendrivingthroughthemountains.Wehadawonderfulexperience.我們有一次很棒的經(jīng)歷experience"詞義及用法作可數(shù)名詞（經(jīng)歷）常見搭配：awonderfulexperience（美妙的經(jīng)歷）、anunforgettableexperience（難忘的經(jīng)歷）、aterribleexperience（糟糕的經(jīng)歷）、haveanexperience（有一次經(jīng)歷）、shareanexperience（分享經(jīng)歷）、gothroughanexperience（經(jīng)歷某事）作不可數(shù)名詞（經(jīng)驗(yàn)）例句：HehasrichexperienceinteachingEnglish.（他在英語教學(xué)方面有豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。）Experienceismoreimportantthantheoryinthisjob.（這份工作中，經(jīng)驗(yàn)比理論更重要。）作動(dòng)詞（經(jīng)歷；體驗(yàn)）常見搭配：experiencehappiness（感受幸福）、experiencedifficulties（經(jīng)歷困難）、experienceachange（經(jīng)歷變化）experienced常用作形容詞，意為“有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的；熟練的”常見搭配：anexperienceddoctor（一位有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的醫(yī)生）、experiencedworkers（熟練工人）Sheisanexperiencedteacherinprimaryeducation.（她是一位在小學(xué)教育方面有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老師。）即學(xué)即練：Workingabroadgavehermanyvaluable________(經(jīng)歷).Doyouhaveany________(經(jīng)驗(yàn))indealingwithsuchproblems?We________(經(jīng)歷)aheavyrainonourwaytothemountainsyesterday.Itwasmyfirst________(經(jīng)歷)oflivingalone,andIlearnedalot.He________(體驗(yàn))thejoyofsuccessafteryearsofhardwork.________(經(jīng)驗(yàn)極豐富的)scientistswillbeinvitedtogivelectures.ItrainedheavilywhenIarrivedatthetown,soIcoulddonothingbutstayinthehotel.我到鎮(zhèn)子時(shí)雨下得很大，所以我無事可做只能待在酒店里。nothingbut詞義及用法基本含義：表示“除了……之外沒有別的；只有；僅僅”，用于強(qiáng)調(diào)“唯一的可能性或內(nèi)容”。結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)：后接名詞/代詞；強(qiáng)調(diào)“只有某物/某人，沒有其他”。例句：Theroomhadnothingbutabedandachair.（房間里只有一張床和一把椅子。）Iwantnothingbutyourtrust.（我只想要你的信任。）后接動(dòng)詞原形（主句含實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do）當(dāng)句子中出現(xiàn)"do"（do/does/did/done）時(shí)，"nothingbut"后的動(dòng)詞用原形，省略to。例句：HedidnothingbutwatchTVallday.（他一整天什么也沒做，只是看電視。）Theycoulddonothingbutwaitforhelp.（他們別無選擇，只能等待救援。）后接帶to的不定式（主句不含實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do）若句子中沒有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞"do"，"nothingbut"后的動(dòng)詞需加to。例句：Shewantednothingbuttogohome.（她只想著回家。）Thechildseemstocareaboutnothingbuttoplaygames.（這孩子好像只關(guān)心玩游戲。）即學(xué)即練：（用"nothingbut"及括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）Theoldmaneats________(vegetable)everyday.She________(do)nothingbut________(cry)whensheheardthebadnews.Theyseemtohave________(money)intheirpockets.Ican________(afford)nothingbut________(buy)thischeapshirt.Thelittlegirlwanted________(nothingbut/go)tothezoowithherdad.Someonehadleftabookinmyroom,andthatwasexactlywhatIneeded.有人在我房間里落下了一本書，而那正是我所需要的。hadleft的用法?“hadleft”是過去完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)（had+動(dòng)詞過去分詞），表示在過去某個(gè)動(dòng)作或時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，即“過去的過去”。?本句中，“someonehadleftabook”發(fā)生在“thatwasexactlywhatIneeded”之前?！皐as”是過去時(shí)，而“留下書”的動(dòng)作在“was”之前完成，因此用過去完成時(shí)“hadleft”。?例：WhenIarrived,thepartyhadalreadystarted.（我到的時(shí)候，派對(duì)已經(jīng)開始了。）（“開始”在“到達(dá)”之前發(fā)生）?2.whatIneeded的用法?此句中whatIneeded是跟在系動(dòng)詞was后，充當(dāng)表語成分的句子，是一個(gè)表語從句。例：Actually,thisisnotwhatI’minterestedin.實(shí)際上，這并不是我感興趣的。ThisiswhatIwant.（這就是我想要的東西。）?ThisiswhatIboughtforyouyesterday.（這就是我昨天給你買的東西。）?Thequestioniswhatweshoulddonext.（問題是我們接下來該做什么。）?Themostimportantthingiswhatyoulearnfromthemistake.（最重要的是你從錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)到的東西。）即學(xué)即練：（一）hadleft練習(xí)題（用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，注意使用過去完成時(shí)）?BythetimeIgothome,mymom______(cook)dinner.?Hesaidhe______(see)themovietwicebefore.?Therain______(stop)whenwewentoutside.?Shefoundthatsomeone______(take)herpen.?They______(finish)theirhomeworkby8o’clocklastnight.?（二）whatIneeded練習(xí)題（根據(jù)句意用“what+從句”補(bǔ)全句子）?Canyougiveme__________________?（我需要的東西）?Thisis__________________formybirthday.（我想要的禮物）?5.Thebedwasfortableandeverythingwasclean.這張床很舒適，而且所有東西都很干凈。fortable詞義及用法[詞匯拓展]fort(n.)舒適；(v.)安慰；fortably(adv.)舒服地；unfortable(adj.)不舒服的、unfortably(adv.)不舒服地作形容詞（fortable）描述“物體/環(huán)境讓人舒適”；描述“人感到自在、放松”：Thissofaisveryfortabletositon.（這沙發(fā)坐起來很舒服。）Shefeelsfortablewithstrangersnow.（她現(xiàn)在和陌生人相處也很自在。）I’mnotfortablespeakinginpublic.（我在公眾場合講話不太自在。）作副詞（fortably）修飾動(dòng)詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)“舒適地、自在地”。Sheleanedbackandsatfortablyinthearmchair.（她向后靠，舒服地坐在扶手椅上。）Thefamilycanlivefortablyonhissalary.（這個(gè)家庭靠他的工資能過得很寬裕。）作名詞（fort）表示“舒適、安逸”（不可數(shù)）Hevaluesfortmorethanstylewhenbuyingclothes.（他買衣服時(shí)看重舒適勝過款式。）Ahotdrinkisoneofthesmallfortsofwinter.（熱飲是冬天的小確幸之一。）作動(dòng)詞（fort）表示“安慰、使舒適”。Shefortedthecryingchildwithahug.（她用擁抱安慰哭泣的孩子。）即學(xué)即練：1.Doyoulikeseeingamovieonyourmobilephone?—No.Iseldomdothatbecauseitmakesme.2.Thegirlsatonthechairandsoonfellasleep.3.Thischairisvery________(舒適的).Ilikesittingonittoreadbooks.?4.Heslept________(舒適地)inhisnewbedlastnight.?5.Afteralongwalk,acupofhotteabringsmealotof________(舒適).?6.Areyou________(fortable)speakingEnglishinfrontofyourclassmates?Itwassummer.Everyonewasreadytofindsomewheretogo.那是夏天，所有人都準(zhǔn)備好找個(gè)地方去ready的詞義及用法詞性形容詞（adj.）：表示“準(zhǔn)備好的；樂意的；現(xiàn)成的”例：Themealisready.（飯菜準(zhǔn)備好了。）常用短語bereadyfor+名詞/代詞：為……做好準(zhǔn)備例：Areyoureadyfortheexam?（你準(zhǔn)備好考試了嗎？）bereadytodosth：準(zhǔn)備好做某事；樂意做某事例：Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers.（他總是樂于助人。）getready(forsth/todosth)：（使）準(zhǔn)備好例：Weneedtogetreadyforthetrip.（我們需要為旅行做準(zhǔn)備。）makeready(forsth)：準(zhǔn)備（正式用法）例：Theymadereadyfortheceremony.（他們?yōu)閮x式做好了準(zhǔn)備。）togo的詞義及用法此處"togo"是不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作定語，修飾前面的"somewhere"，表示“要去的（地方）”。不定式作定語時(shí)常放在被修飾詞之后，說明該名詞的用途或目的。Ineedapentowritewith.（我需要一支寫字的筆。）Shehasalotofhomeworktofinish.（她有很多作業(yè)要完成。）Wearelookingforaplacetolivein.（我們?cè)谡乙粋€(gè)住的地方。）Thereisnoreasontoworry.（沒有擔(dān)心的理由。）Shegavemeabooktoreadonthetrain.（她給了我一本書，讓我在火車上讀。）Weneedsomeonetohelpwiththeproject.（我們需要一個(gè)人來協(xié)助這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。）Hehasameetingtoattendthisafternoon.（他今天下午有個(gè)會(huì)要參加。）Ineedakeytoopenthedoor.（我需要一把開門的鑰匙。）Shemadealistofthingstobuyatthestore.（她列了一張要在商店買的東西的清單。）即學(xué)即練：用"bereadytodosth"填空Thelittlegirl__________________(準(zhǔn)備好)gotothezoowithherdad.______yourbrother____________(準(zhǔn)備好)cleanhisroom?We__________________(準(zhǔn)備好)haveapicnicwhenitrains.They______always____________(準(zhǔn)備好)helptheirclassmates.Mydad__________________(準(zhǔn)備好)teachmetorideabikelastSunday.用合適的不定式填空（to+動(dòng)詞原形）Shehasanewdress______(wear)totheparty.Weneedamap______(find)thewaytothemuseum.Tomislookingforaball______(play)withhisfriends.Therearemanynewwords______(learn)inthislesson.Doyouhaveacup______(drink)water?7."Lookatthesky,"saidanexcitedvoice.“看天上，”一個(gè)興奮的聲音說道。"anexcitedvoice"是“冠詞+形容詞+名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)，其中：excited是形容詞，修飾名詞voice，表示“（聲音）充滿興奮的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)聲音的發(fā)出者處于“興奮的狀態(tài)”。這類結(jié)構(gòu)常用于描述“具有某種情緒或特征的聲音”，在句子中通常作主語、賓語或狀語Aloudvoicecamefromtheclassroom.（一個(gè)響亮的聲音從教室里傳來。）Sheheardasoftvoicecallinghername.（她聽到一個(gè)輕柔的聲音在叫她的名字。）Anangryvoiceshouted,“Stopthat!”（一個(gè)憤怒的聲音大喊：“住手！”）Weheardahappyvoicesinginginthenextroom.（我們聽到隔壁房間有一個(gè)開心的聲音在唱歌。）Atiredvoiceansweredthephone.（一個(gè)疲憊的聲音接了電話。）即學(xué)即練：用“a/an+形容詞+voice”填空（選括號(hào)里的詞）（happy,angry,quiet,loud,tired）“Happybirthday!”__________________saidtome.“Don’truninthehall!”__________________shoutedtheteacher.Sheansweredin__________________,soIcouldn’thearher.Afterworkingallday,Dadspokein__________________.“Wewon!”__________________camefromtheplayground.（二）根據(jù)中文提示完成句子一個(gè)溫柔的聲音說：“別怕。”__________________said,“Don’tbeafraid.”他用響亮的聲音讀了這首詩。Hereadthepoemin__________________.媽媽用疲憊的聲音說她累了。Momsaidshewastiredin__________________.一個(gè)開心的聲音從房間里傳出來。__________________camefromtheroom.她用很小的聲音問了我一個(gè)問題。Sheaskedmeaquestionin__________________.8.IwassoboredthatIdecidedtofindsomewheretoread.so...that...”表示“如此……以至于……”，用來引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，強(qiáng)調(diào)前面的情況（形容詞或副詞所描述的程度）導(dǎo)致了后面的結(jié)果。本句“IwassoboredthatIdecidedtofindsomewheretoread.”中，“so”后接形容詞“bored”，“that”引導(dǎo)的從句“Idecidedtofindsomewheretoread”是“我感到非常無聊”導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果。?結(jié)構(gòu)：so+形容詞/副詞+that從句?例：ThemoviewassointerestingthatIwatchedittwice.（這部電影太有趣了，以至于我看了兩遍。）?注意：“so”后接形容詞還是副詞，取決于前面的謂語動(dòng)詞。如果是系動(dòng)詞（如be,feel,look等），接形容詞；如果是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，接副詞。?TheicecreamissocoldthatIcan’teatitquickly.（這個(gè)冰淇淋太涼了，我沒法吃得太快。）Hestudiessohardthathealwaysgetsgoodgrades.（他學(xué)習(xí)太努力了，以至于總能取得好成績。）?Theparkissobeautifulthatmanypeoplegothereonweekends.（這個(gè)公園太美了，很多人周末都去那里。）?Shesingssowellthateveryoneclapsforher.她唱得太好了，所有人都為她鼓掌。Itrainedsoheavilythatwehadtostayathome.（雨下得太大了，我們不得不待在家里。）即學(xué)即練：一）用“so...that...”填空（根據(jù)句意填入合適的形容詞/副詞和連詞）?Theboxis______heavy______Ican’tcarryit.?Sheran______fast______noonecouldcatchher.?Thestoryis______funny______allthechildrenlaughed.?Hewas______tired______hefellasleepimmediately.?Theroomis______dark______Ican’tseeanything.?（二）根據(jù)中文提示完成句子（用“so...that...”結(jié)構(gòu)）?這本書太簡單了，我一天就看完了。?Thebookwas__________________Ifinishedreadingitinaday.?他跑得太慢了，最后一名到達(dá)終點(diǎn)。?Heran__________________hearrivedattheendlast.?天氣太熱了，我們不想出去。?Theweatherwas__________________wedidn’twanttogoout.?這個(gè)小女孩太可愛了，每個(gè)人都喜歡她。?Thelittlegirlis__________________everyonelikesher.?他說話太大聲了，隔壁房間都能聽到。?Hespoke__________________peopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.?9.Istoodupandwalkedtowardsthewindow.towards表示“向；朝（某個(gè)方向或?qū)ο螅?強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作朝著具體的人、地點(diǎn)或物體的方向移動(dòng)，不涉及是否到達(dá)，僅體現(xiàn)方向指向。?Thedogbarkedandrantowardsthestranger.（那只狗叫著朝陌生人跑去。）?Sheheldoutherhandstowardsthewarmfire.（她伸出雙手朝溫暖的爐火伸去。）Wealllookedtowardstheteacherwhensheenteredtheroom.（老師走進(jìn)教室時(shí)，我們都朝她看去。）?Theriverflowstowardsthesea.（這條河朝著大海流去。）?Hethrewtheballtowardshislittlesister.（他把球朝他的小妹妹扔過去。）?towards表示“接近（時(shí)間、目標(biāo)等）”?用于指時(shí)間臨近某個(gè)點(diǎn)，或在抽象意義上“接近”某個(gè)目標(biāo)、階段等，不局限于物理方向。?Towardsevening,therainstopped.（臨近傍晚時(shí)，雨停了。）??Thedaysgetshortertowardswinter.（臨近冬天時(shí)，白天變得更短了。）??Towardstheendoftheclass,theteachertoldajoke.（快下課的時(shí)候，老師講了一個(gè)笑話。即學(xué)即練：1.Thelittleboyran______hisfatherwhenhesawhim.?2.Wewalked______theparkafterschool.?3.Shepointed______thepictureonthewallandsmiled.?4.Theca