2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解閱讀理解能力提升試卷實戰(zhàn)演練考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______PartAdirections:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Passage1Theconceptof"work-lifebalance"hasbecomeincreasinglycentralindiscussionsaboutprofessionalwell-beingandpersonalfulfillment.Traditionally,theseparationofworkandpersonallifewasoftenseenasanaturalboundary,withworkhoursdedicatedtoprofessionaldutiesandnon-workinghoursreservedforfamilyandleisureactivities.However,theriseofthedigitalageandthepervasivenatureoftechnologyhavesignificantlyblurredtheselines.Theabilitytobeconstantlyconnected,whetherthroughsmartphones,laptops,orprofessionalsocialmediaplatforms,hasmadeitdifficultformanyindividualstocompletelydisconnectfromwork,evenwhentheyareawayfromtheiroffices.Thisconstantstateofconnectivityhasledtoconcernsaboutburnoutandmentalhealth.Employeesmayfeelpressuredtoremainavailableatalltimes,fearingthattheirabsencewillbenoticedorthattheywillmissoutonimportantinformationoropportunities.Thispressurecancreateasenseofanxietyanddiminishthetimeandspaceneededforrestandrejuvenation,whichareessentialforlong-termproductivityandwell-being.Thelinesbetweenbeing"atwork"and"notatwork"havebecomeincreasinglyporous,leadingtoasituationwherepersonaltimeisoftenencroacheduponbyprofessionaldemands.Organizationshavebeguntorecognizetheimportanceofsupportingwork-lifebalance,notjustforthesakeofemployeesatisfaction,butalsoformaintainingacompetitiveedge.Companiesthatfosteracultureofflexibility,whereemployeescanmanagetheirworkschedulesinawaythataccommodatestheirpersonalneeds,oftenreporthigherlevelsofengagementandlowerturnoverrates.Initiativessuchasremoteworkoptions,flexiblehours,andpoliciesthatencourageemployeestodisconnectafterhourscanhelpmitigatethenegativeeffectsofconstantconnectivity.Despitetheseefforts,achievingaperfectbalanceremainsachallenge.Thenatureofcertainjobsmayrequireconstantavailability,andthecompetitivejobmarketcanmakeitdifficultforemployeestorefuseadditionalresponsibilities.Additionally,personalobligationsandlifecircumstancescanvarywidely,makingaone-size-fits-allapproachtowork-lifebalanceimpractical.Ultimately,thegoalisnotnecessarilytoachieveastrictseparationbetweenworkandpersonallife,buttocreateaharmoniousintegrationwherebothaspectscancoexistwithoutoneconsistentlyoverwhelmingtheother.Questions:1.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthemainreasonsfortheblurringofworkandpersonallifeboundaries?2.Whatarethepotentialconsequencesoffeelingpressuredtoremainconstantlyavailableforwork?3.Howdoorganizationsbenefitfromsupportingwork-lifebalance?4.Whatistheauthor'smainpointregardingthechallengeofachievingwork-lifebalance?Passage2Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedwidespreaddebateaboutitsfutureimpactontheglobalworkforce.Whileproponentshighlightthepotentialforincreasedefficiency,innovation,andeconomicgrowth,criticsraiseconcernsaboutjobdisplacementandtheexacerbationofsocialinequalities.UnderstandingthesediverseperspectivesiscrucialforshapingpoliciesandpracticesthatmaximizethebenefitsofAIwhilemitigatingitspotentialdrawbacks.OneofthemostsignificantpotentialbenefitsofAIisitsabilitytoautomaterepetitiveandmundanetasks,freeinguphumanworkerstofocusonmorecreative,complex,andemotionallyintelligentaspectsoftheirjobs.Thisshiftcouldleadtothecreationofnewindustriesandrolesthatwehaveyettoimagine,potentiallyresultinginhigherproductivityandbetterjobsatisfactionformanyworkers.Additionally,AIcanassistindecision-makingprocessesbyprovidingvaluableinsightsderivedfromlargedatasets,enablingmoreinformedanddata-drivenstrategiesinvarioussectors.However,thedisplacementofjobsduetoautomationisamajorconcern.Certainindustries,particularlythosereliantonroutinemanualorcognitivetasks,mayseesubstantialjoblossesasAIsystemsbecomemorecapableandcost-effective.Thiscouldleadtounemploymentandeconomichardshipforaffectedworkers,potentiallyincreasingsocialunrestandinequality.Furthermore,thebenefitsofAImaynotbeevenlydistributed,withhigher-skilledworkersindevelopedcountriespotentiallyreapingthemostadvantages,whilelower-skilledworkersindevelopingnationsfacegreaterrisksofdisplacement.Addressingthesechallengesrequiresamultifacetedapproach.Educationsystemsmustadapttopreparestudentsforthechangingjobmarket,emphasizingskillssuchascriticalthinking,problem-solving,andadaptability.GovernmentsandbusinessescaninvestinretrainingprogramsandsocialsafetynetstosupportworkersdisplacedbyAI.Additionally,ethicalguidelinesandregulationsshouldbeestablishedtoensurethatAIisdevelopedanddeployedinawaythatprioritizeshumanwell-beingandpromotesequitableeconomicgrowth.Questions:5.Whatistheprimarytopicofthepassage?6.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonewayAIcouldpotentiallyimprovejobrolesforhumanworkers?7.WhatisamajorconcernraisedbycriticsregardingtheimpactofAIontheworkforce?8.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestaspartofthesolutiontoaddressthechallengesposedbyAI?Passage3Sustainableurbandevelopmenthasbecomeacriticalfocusforcityplannersandpolicymakersworldwide,drivenbytheneedtoaddresstheenvironmental,social,andeconomicchallengesofrapidurbanization.Theconceptencompassesawiderangeofpracticesandpoliciesaimedatcreatingcitiesthatareenvironmentallyfriendly,sociallyequitable,andeconomicallyresilient.Keycomponentsofsustainableurbandevelopmentincludethepromotionofgreenspaces,theefficientuseofresources,thereductionofpollution,andtheenhancementofpublictransportationsystems.Theintegrationofgreenspacesintourbanenvironmentsisessentialforimprovingairquality,providingrecreationalopportunities,andenhancingbiodiversity.Parks,rooftopgardens,andurbanforestscanhelpmitigatetheurbanheatislandeffect,reduceurbanrunoff,andprovidehabitatsforwildlife.Additionally,greenspaceshavebeenshowntohavepositiveeffectsonresidents'mentalandphysicalhealth,offeringarespitefromthestressesofurbanlife.However,thecreationandmaintenanceofthesespacesrequirecarefulplanningandsufficientfunding,whichcanbechallengingformanycities.Resourceefficiencyisanothercornerstoneofsustainableurbandevelopment.Citiesconsumeasignificantportionoftheworld'sresources,andinefficientuseofwater,energy,andmaterialscontributestoenvironmentaldegradationandclimatechange.Implementingmeasuressuchassmartgridtechnology,energy-efficientbuildingdesigns,andwaterrecyclingsystemscanhelpreduceresourceconsumptionandminimizewaste.Furthermore,promotingcirculareconomyprinciples,whereresourcesarereusedandrecycled,cancreateneweconomicopportunitieswhilereducingenvironmentalimpact.Socialequityisalsoacriticalconsiderationinsustainableurbandevelopment.Citiesshouldbedesignedtoprovideaffordablehousing,accesstoqualityeducationandhealthcare,andopportunitiesforeconomicadvancementforallresidents,regardlessoftheirsocioeconomicstatus.Thisrequiresinclusiveplanningprocessesthatinvolvediversecommunitiesandaddresstheneedsofmarginalizedgroups.Additionally,ensuringsafeandaccessiblepublicspacescanhelpfostersocialcohesionandimprovetheoverallqualityoflifeforurbanresidents.Questions:9.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?10.Accordingtothepassage,whatarethebenefitsofintegratinggreenspacesintourbanenvironments?11.Whatisakeyaspectofresourceefficiencyinsustainableurbandevelopment?12.Whyissocialequityconsideredimportantinsustainableurbandevelopment?Passage4Theglobalizationofculture,facilitatedbyadvancementsincommunicationtechnologyandincreasedinternationaltravel,hasledtobothexcitingopportunitiesandsignificantchallenges.Ononehand,theexchangeofculturalideas,traditions,andartisticexpressionscanenrichsocieties,fostermutualunderstanding,andpromotecreativity.Thisculturalcross-pollinationcanleadtotheemergenceofnewhybridformsofart,music,cuisine,andliterature,creatingvibrantanddiverseculturallandscapes.Moreover,exposuretodifferentculturescanbroadenindividuals'perspectives,challengestereotypes,andpromotetoleranceandempathy.Ontheotherhand,thedominanceofglobalculturalforces,oftenemanatingfromWesterncountries,canposeathreattolocalculturesandtraditions.Theproliferationofglobalmediaandentertainmentindustriescanovershadowindigenousculturalexpressions,leadingtoadeclineinculturaldiversityandtheerosionofuniqueculturalidentities.Thisphenomenon,sometimesreferredtoas"culturalimperialism,"canresultinthemarginalizationoflocalartists,musicians,andtraditions,aswellasthehomogenizationofglobalculture.Preservingculturaldiversityinthefaceofglobalizationrequiresconsciouseffortsandstrategicapproaches.Governmentsandculturalinstitutionscansupportlocalartists,promotetraditionalartsandcrafts,andpreserveculturalheritagesites.Educationplaysacrucialroleinfosteringculturalawarenessandappreciation,encouragingstudentstolearnaboutandengagewithdiverseculturaltraditions.Additionally,promotinginternationalculturalexchangeprogramscanfacilitatedirectengagementbetweendifferentcultures,fosteringmutualunderstandingandrespect.Thechallenge,therefore,liesinfindingabalancebetweenembracingtheopportunitiesofferedbyculturalglobalizationandprotectinglocalculturalidentities.Thisrequiresanuancedapproachthatacknowledgesthebenefitsofculturalexchangewhileactivelyworkingtopreserveandpromoteculturaldiversity.Bydoingso,societiescanharnessthepowerofglobalizationtoenrichtheirculturallandscapeswhilemaintainingtheuniquetraditionsandidentitiesthatmakeeachculturedistinct.Questions:13.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?14.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonepotentialnegativeconsequenceofthedominanceofglobalculturalforces?15.Whatcangovernmentsandculturalinstitutionsdotosupportlocalcultures?16.Whatisthekeychallengementionedbytheauthorregardingculturalglobalization?PartBdirections:Youaregoingtoreadapassagewithsixparagraphs,eachofwhichisnumberedfrom1to6.Inthatpassagetherearesixsentenceswhicharenumberedfrom47to52.Youarerequiredtomatcheachofthesentences(47-52)totheparagraphfromwhichithasbeentaken.Markyouranswerbywritingthecorrespondingletter(A-G)onAnswerSheet2.Thesentencesthathavebeenremovedfromthepassagearegivenbelow.47.Theabilitytorecognizeandrespondappropriatelytohumanemotionsisacrucialskillinvariousaspectsoflife,frompersonalrelationshipstoprofessionalsettings.48.Whilesomeindividualsarenaturallymoreempatheticthanothers,empathycanalsobedevelopedandstrengthenedthroughconsciouseffortandpractice.49.Intheworkplace,forinstance,empathyallowsmanagerstounderstandtheiremployees'challengesandconcerns,leadingtobettercommunication,teamwork,andoveralljobsatisfaction.50.Empathyisnotjustaboutfeelingsorryforothers;itinvolvesactivelytryingtounderstandtheirperspectiveandacknowledgingtheiremotions.51.Researchhasconsistentlyshownthatempatheticleadersaremoreeffectiveinmotivatingtheirteams,resolvingconflicts,andfosteringapositiveworkenvironment.52.Developingempathyinvolvesactivelylisteningtoothers,puttingoneselfintheirshoes,andmakingagenuineefforttoseetheworldfromtheirperspective.A.Thebenefitsofempathyareparticularlyevidentinprofessionalenvironments.B.Empathyisacomplexskillthatencompassesbothemotionalintelligenceandsocialawareness.C.Thisunderstandingcanthenbeusedtotailormanagementstrategiesandprovideappropriatesupport.D.Emotionalintelligence,whichincludesempathy,hasbecomeincreasinglyrecognizedasakeyfactorinpersonalandprofessionalsuccess.E.Empathycanalsobeenhancedthroughtrainingprogramsandworkshopsfocusedonemotionalintelligence.F.Thisskill,oftenreferredtoasempathy,isessentialforbuildingstrongrelationshipsandfosteringcooperation.G.Studieshaveshownthatempatheticindividualsarebetterabletobuildtrust,resolveconflicts,andworkcollaborativelywithothers.PartCdirections:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.近年來，隨著科技的飛速發(fā)展，人工智能已經(jīng)滲透到我們生活的方方面面。從智能手機上的語音助手到自動駕駛汽車，AI技術(shù)正在改變我們的生活方式和工作模式。然而，這種變革也帶來了一系列挑戰(zhàn)。首先，人工智能的廣泛應(yīng)用可能導致大量工作崗位被自動化取代，引發(fā)失業(yè)問題。其次，AI系統(tǒng)的決策過程可能存在偏見，導致不公平的結(jié)果。此外，隨著AI技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展，數(shù)據(jù)安全和隱私保護問題也日益突出。因此，在享受AI技術(shù)帶來的便利的同時，我們必須認真思考如何應(yīng)對這些挑戰(zhàn)，確保技術(shù)發(fā)展能夠造福人類，而不是帶來負面影響。---試卷答案PartA1.D解析思路：文章第一段明確指出，數(shù)字時代和技術(shù)的普及使得人們難以完全脫離工作，即使在工作之外的時間也可能被工作所占據(jù)。這直接說明了由于技術(shù)連接性，工作和私人生活的界限變得模糊。選項D（Theriseofthedigitalageandthepervasivenatureoftechnology）概括了這一點。2.A解析思路：文章第二段詳細描述了持續(xù)在線的壓力如何導致焦慮，并減少了休息和恢復所需的時間，最終可能導致倦怠和心理健康問題。選項A（Createsasenseofanxietyanddiminishesthetimeandspaceneededforrest）準確概括了這些后果。3.B解析思路：文章第三段說明，支持工作生活平衡的公司通常報告更高的員工敬業(yè)度和更低的離職率。選項B（Reporthigherlevelsofengagementandlowerturnoverrates）是原文信息的直接體現(xiàn)。4.E解析思路：文章最后一段指出，實現(xiàn)完全平衡可能很困難，因為某些工作的性質(zhì)要求持續(xù)可用，而激烈的就業(yè)市場也使員工難以拒絕額外責任。此外，個人情況各不相同，因此沒有一刀切的辦法。作者強調(diào)的目標不是嚴格分離工作與私人生活，而是創(chuàng)造一種和諧的整合。選項E（Itisnotnecessarilytoachieveaperfectseparation...buttocreateaharmoniousintegration）最能體現(xiàn)作者關(guān)于挑戰(zhàn)的這種nuanced觀點。5.A解析思路：文章首段明確提出了關(guān)于人工智能對未來全球勞動力影響的主要討論，涵蓋了支持者和批評者的不同觀點。選項A（Thefutureimpactofartificialintelligenceontheglobalworkforce）概括了文章核心主題。6.B解析思路：文章第二段提到，人工智能可以自動化重復性任務(wù)，使人類員工能夠?qū)Ｗ⒂诟邉?chuàng)造性、復雜性和情商的工作方面。選項B（Automaterepetitiveandmundanetasks,freeinguphumanworkerstofocusonmorecreative,complex,andemotionallyintelligentaspects）是對原文這一潛在益處的準確轉(zhuǎn)述。7.C解析思路：文章第二段后半部分明確指出，自動化可能導致某些行業(yè)的就業(yè)崗位大幅減少，給受影響的工人帶來失業(yè)和經(jīng)濟困難，這可能加劇社會動蕩和不平等。選項C（Jobdisplacementandtheexacerbationofsocialinequalities）是批評者提出的主要擔憂。8.D解析思路：文章最后一段提出了應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn)的多方面方法，包括教育體系適應(yīng)變化、政府和企業(yè)投資再培訓計劃及社會安全網(wǎng)，以及制定道德指南和法規(guī)來確保人工智能的負責任使用。選項D（Educationsystemsmustadapt...Governmentsandbusinessescaninvest...Ethicalguidelinesandregulationsshouldbeestablished）概括了這些解決方案。9.A解析思路：文章首段指出，可持續(xù)城市發(fā)展的核心驅(qū)動力是應(yīng)對快速城市化帶來的環(huán)境、社會和經(jīng)濟挑戰(zhàn)，并定義了其目標和關(guān)鍵組成部分。選項A（Toaddresstheenvironmental,social,andeconomicchallengesofrapidurbanizationandcreatecitiesthataresustainable）概括了文章的主要目的。10.B解析思路：文章第三段詳細說明了將綠色空間融入城市環(huán)境的益處，包括改善空氣質(zhì)量、提供休閑機會、增強生物多樣性，以及緩解城市熱島效應(yīng)、減少城市徑流和提供野生動物棲息地。選項B（Improvingairquality,providingrecreationalopportunities,andenhancingbiodiversity）準確總結(jié)了這些環(huán)境和社會效益。11.C解析思路：文章第四段強調(diào)了資源效率在可持續(xù)發(fā)展中的核心作用，提到了通過智能電網(wǎng)技術(shù)、節(jié)能建筑設(shè)計和水資源回收系統(tǒng)等措施來減少資源消耗和廢物，并推廣循環(huán)經(jīng)濟原則。選項C（Implementingmeasuressuchassmartgridtechnology,energy-efficientbuildingdesigns,andwaterrecyclingsystems）是原文中關(guān)于資源效率的關(guān)鍵措施。12.D解析思路：文章第五段明確指出，社會公平是可持續(xù)城市發(fā)展的重要考慮因素，城市應(yīng)確保所有居民（無論社會經(jīng)濟地位如何）都能負擔得起住房、獲得優(yōu)質(zhì)教育和醫(yī)療保健以及獲得經(jīng)濟進步的機會。選項D（Shouldbedesignedtoprovideaffordablehousing,accesstoqualityeducationandhealthcare,andopportunitiesforeconomicadvancementforallresidents）直接反映了原文關(guān)于社會公平的觀點。13.B解析思路：文章首段探討了文化全球化的機遇（豐富社會、促進理解、創(chuàng)造力）和挑戰(zhàn)（對本地文化的威脅、文化多樣性喪失、文化帝國主義）。第二、三、四段則詳細討論了如何應(yīng)對這些挑戰(zhàn)（支持本地文化、教育、交流）以及尋求平衡的重要性。選項B（Empathyisacomplexskill...）雖然出現(xiàn)在段落中間，但其核心觀點（empathy的復雜性及其包含的要素）是貫穿全文討論的基礎(chǔ)，即不同文化間的理解與互動需要類似empathy這樣的能力。其他選項或為特定例子（A,C），或為部分觀點（D,E,F,G），未能概括全文主旨。14.A解析思路：文章第二段明確提到了全球文化力量的主導（尤其是西方文化）可能對本地文化和傳統(tǒng)構(gòu)成威脅，導致文化多樣性的喪失和獨特文化身份的侵蝕。選項A（Thedominanceofglobalculturalforces,oftenemanatingfromWesterncountries,canovershadowindigenousculturalexpressions）直接對應(yīng)了原文描述的負面影響。15.C解析思路：文章第三段建議政府和文化機構(gòu)可以通過支持本地藝術(shù)家、推廣傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)和手工藝、保護文化遺產(chǎn)來支持本地文化。選項C（Supportlocalartists,promotetraditionalartsandcrafts,andpreserveculturalheritagesites）概括了原文提出的具體措施。16.E解析思路：文章最后一段明確提出了關(guān)鍵挑戰(zhàn)在于如何在享受文化全球化的好處的同時，保護本地文化身份。即如何在開放與保護之間找到平衡。選項E（Findingabalancebetweenembracingtheopportunitiesofferedbyculturalglobalizationandprotectinglocalculturalidentities）