UNIT1SCIENCEANDSCIENTISTSReadingAndThinking分層作業(yè)基礎(chǔ)鞏固Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.Therearemany(證據(jù))thattheathletewillwinthegoldmedalinthecompetition.

2.Officialssaythatfewcitizensare(傳染)withthevirusowingtoeffectivepreventionnow.

3.Expertshavepointedoutthattheabsenceof(/s??v??(r)/)punishmentplaysamajorroleinthegrowingfoodsafetyproblems.

4.Cheerup!Youneedn’tfeelfatyourfailureintheexam.

5.Driversaretaughthowtohemergenciesbeforetheyreceivetheirdrivinglicenses.

Ⅱ.選詞填空onceandforall;subscribeto;thanksto;attendto;givebirth1.yourtimelyhelp,wefinishedthetaskintime.

2.IfyouChinaDaily,it’llbedeliveredtoyourdooreveryday.

3.Inthevideo,wecanseethenursesinHuoshenshanHospitalarebusythepatients.

4.Hiswifetotheirbabyoneyearaftertheygotmarried,whichseemedtohavebroughtouthissenseofresponsibility.

5.Wehavetotakemeasurestosettleplasticpollution,whichisharmfultoourenvironmentandourownhealth.

Ⅲ.單句語法填空1.MycomputerhasbeenlinkedtheInternetinouroffice.

2.Itisawordwith(multiply)meanings.

3.Thatgirldidtherightthing,soweshouldn’tblametheaccidenther.

4.Thenumberofpeopleridingmotorcycleswithouthelmetsisthedecrease.

5.Origin-tracingofthevirusisa(pure)scientificmatterandshouldbeleftinthehandsofscientists.

6.Suspectingthetravelercarryingdrugs,thecustomsofficialstoppedhimandwentthroughhissuitcase.

7.“MadeinChina2025”aimstotransformChinafromaproduct-makingfactoryaproduct-makingpower,onedrivenbyinnovationandemphasizingqualityoverquantity.

Ⅳ.完成句子1.我們還沒決定去哪兒過暑假。(疑問詞+不定式)Wehaven’tdecidedforoursummerholiday.

2.學(xué)生們應(yīng)該積極參加社區(qū)活動以便他們能夠獲得成長經(jīng)驗。(sothat)Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivitiesactivelyexperienceofgrowth.

3.那個男孩從自行車上摔下來弄斷了腿,這讓他的父母非常難過。(havesth.done)Theboyfelloffthebicycleand,whichmadehisparentsverysad.Ⅰ.課文語法填空Cholera,as1typeofdeadlydiseaseofitsday,threatenedordinarypeople.JohnSnowwas2(determine)tosolvethisproblem.Heknewthatonlyifhefounditscausewoulditbecontrolled.

Thereweretwotheoriesthat3(possible)explainedhowpeoplegotinfected.JohnSnow4(subscribe)tothetheorythatcholerawascausedbyaninfectionfromgermsinfoodorwater.

In1854,anotheroutbreakofcholerahitLondon.Snowdecidedtohavean5(investigate).Hemarkedtheplacesonamap,6gavehimavaluableclueaboutthecauseofthedisease.HefoundmanyofthedeathswerenearthewaterpumpinBroadStreet.Somehouseholdshadnodeaths7thesepeopledrankfreebeer.Itseemedthatthewaterpumpwas8(blame).Hemadefurtherresearchandconcludedthatpollutedwaterled9thedisease.Finally“KingCholera”10(defeat).

1.2.3.4.5.

6.7.8.9.10.

能力提升Ⅱ.閱讀理解A(2021河北正定中學(xué)期末)InJune,2007,agroupofstudentsfromeighthigh-schoolsinWinnipeg,thecapitalofCanada’sManitobaProvince,willbegintest-launching(試發(fā)射)asatellitethesizeofaRubik’scube.Theone-kilogramWin-Cubesatellite,namedforitshomecityanditsshape,willbeputintoloworbit.Onceinspace,itcanperformforafewmonthsoruptoseveralyears,communicatinginformationthatcouldhelpfindthesignsofearthquakes.Thereare80similarsatelliteprojectsworldwide,butthisisthefirsthigh-school-basedprogramofitskindinCanada.30Manitoba’shighschoolstudentsarehavingahandindesigningandbuildingthesatellite,incooperationwithaerospaceexpertsand10studentsfromtheUniversityofManitoba,andwithsupportfromtwootherorganizations.TheWin-Cubeprojectisnotsomethingthatgoesonapieceofpaper;itisreal-worldengineering,allowinghighschoolstudentstohaveanopportunitytolearnmoreabouttheexcitingworldofengineeringthroughtheirparticipationinthischallengingprogram.ItisalsotakenasawonderfulexampleoftheuniquepartnershipswithinManitoba.Designing,buildingandlaunchingasatellitewithhigh-schoolparticipationwillbringthisworld-classeducationalprojectintorealityandManitobaclosertospace.“TheseManitoba’shighschoolstudentsdeservecongratulationsfortheirbrilliance,innovation(創(chuàng)新),andastronglovefordiscovery,”saidEducation,CitizenshipandYouthMinisterPeterBjomson.“Wewanttomakesciencemorerelevant,vividandattractivetohighschoolstudentsbyshowingthemhowclassroomstudiescanrelatetopracticalexperienceintheworkplaceor,inthiscase,inspace,”Bjomsonadded.TheWin-Cubeprogramismainlyaimedatinspiringastrongdesirefordiscoveryonthepartofthestudents.ItalsoshowsManitoba’sdevotiontoresearchandinnovationandthedevelopmentofaskilledworkforce—allimportantdriversofknowledge-basedeconomicgrowth.1.Accordingtothepassage,whatcanweknowabouttheWin-Cubesatellite?A.ItisnamedafterManitobaanditsshape.B.Itisintendedforinternationalcommunication.C.ItisdesignedlikeaRubik’scubeinsize.D.Itischallengedbyuniversitystudentsaroundtheworld.2.WhatcanwelearnfromMr.Bjomson?A.ThoseManitoba’shighschoolstudentsareworthpraising.B.Thestudyofspacecanbepracticallymadeinclassrooms.C.Manitoba’shighschoolsarefamousforthestudyofspace.D.Scientificresearchistoofarawayfromhighschoolstudents.3.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Manitoba’sSchoolsB.TheWin-CubeProgramC.SpaceCooperationD.SatelliteLaunchingB(2021山東師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)月考)Whatifwehadthepowertocontroltime,insteadofmovingfromthepasttothepresenttothefuture?Whatifwecouldjump,loopandtravelthroughtimeinamachine?Whatifwecouldgowhereverandwheneverwepleased?Thisabilitywouldallowustowitnesshistoricwonders,changedecisionsandseepeoplefromthepast.Wecouldrightwrongsandstopwarsbreakingoutonceandforall.Themysteriouspuzzleoftimehaskeptpeopledebatingitsnatureforhundredsofyears.Sciencefictionwritershaveturneditintoimaginativestories.Somescientistshaveevenattemptedtoexplainitusingmath.Thismathtriestomakethedreamoftimetravelcometrue.ThegiftedscientistAlbertEinsteinsaidthattimeandspaceareonething.Hecalledit“spacetime”.Einsteinsaidthattherearethreedimensionsinspace:height,widthanddepth.AmathematiciannamedHermannMinkowskiaddedtimeasafourthdimension.Einsteinintroducedtwoideasthathaveledtotheoriesaboutthepossibilityoftimetravel.Thefirstisrelativity.Theideaofrelativityisthattheforceofgravitycausesspacetobend,whichcausestimetotwist.Thesecondideafocusesonspecialrelativity.Theideaisthatatravelermovingsuperfastthroughflatspacetimewillenterthefuture.Einsteinconsideredtime“relative”becauseitismeasuredbasedonwhereweareonEarthorinspace.StephenHawkingisafamousscientist.Hebelievedthatatimemachinewouldneverbebuilt.Ifitwerepossible,hethought,wewouldalreadyknow.Ifatimemachinecouldbebuilt,howcomenoonefromthefuturehasinvadedus?ThefirstsciencefictionstoryaboutthisthemeisTheClockThatWentBackwardbyEdwardP.Mitchell,whichwaspublishedin1881.Sincethen,thousandsofbooks,filmsandtelevisionshowslinkedtothisthemehaveexploredtheideaoftimetravel,inwhichsometoolssuchasphones,watches,photographsandoldbookstaketravelersbackwardandforward.Willtimetraveleverhappen?Whoknows?Themostimportantthingistokeepyoureyesopenandhaveasenseofwonder.4.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Toshowtimeandspaceareconnected.B.Toshowpeople’sinterestintimetravel.C.Todrawreaders’attentiontotimetravel.D.Tomakepeoplebelievetimetravelispossible.5.WhichofthefollowingstatementscouldEinsteinagreewith?A.Timetravelispossibleinthefuture.B.Peoplecan’tmovefasterthanlight.C.Timetravelisagainstscientificrules.D.Spacetimeisnotarealthingintheory.6.Whatisthelastbutoneparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thefirstsciencefictionstory.B.Sometoolsusedintimetravel.C.EdwardP.Mitchell,thepioneer.D.Differentworksabouttimetravel.7.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardtimetravel?A.Cautious.B.Approving.C.Doubtful.D.Hopeful.Ⅲ.七選五(2022江蘇阜寧中學(xué)月考)Maybeyou’reayoungoutstandingscientistwantingtohaveaninfluenceontheworld,oramoreseasonedveteranofscientificstudywhoiscuriousabouthowtogetbetteratyourjob.Eitherway,thereareseveralkeystepstodevelopyourabilitytomakepositivecontributionstotheworld.Experimentwithnewideas.Animportantpartofscientificdiscoveryistheresultofhardworkandluck.Luckhasfrequentlyplayedalargeroleinscientificdiscovery.1Youneverknowwhenexperimentationandluckwillcollide(碰撞)tocreateanimportantdiscovery.

Beopentofailure.Youmaythinkascientistshouldbesmart,gifted,skilledinmathematics,andprecise.2Beingascientistis90%failureand10%success.

Takechargeofyourideas.Challengeyourselftocomeupwithoneidearelatedtoyourprojectaday.3Asascientistinacompetitivefield,youneedtocreateyourownopportunitiesbyowningyourideasandworkinghardtodevelopthemfurther.

Practiceyourwritingskills.4Trytodoalittlewritingeveryday,andputyourideasorthinkingdownonthepagesoyoucangetintothehabitofrecordingyourideas,whichcouldlaterendupinapublishedpaperorinalectureaboutyourlatestscientifictheory.

5Thoughhardworkisnecessarytobeagoodscientist,it’simportanttostrikeabalancebetweenprofessionalworkandpersonaldowntime.Don’tletyourselfgetburntout.

A.Keepabalancebetweenhardworkandrest.B.So,don’tbeafraidtoplayaroundwithnewideas.C.Youwilldobetterworkifyouworkwithsomeoneelse.D.Createawritingprocessthatworksforyouandsticktoit.E.Youshouldbeopentothesolutionsmadebyothersinthefield.F.Thoughsomeofthemwillbebad,manycouldleadtoanewexperimentortheory.G.However,animportantqualityagoodscientistshouldhaveisawillingnesstofail.1.2.3.4.5.

答案解析Ⅰ.1.proofs2.infected3.severe4.frustrated5.handleⅡ.1.Thanksto2.subscribeto3.attendingto4.gavebirth5.onceandforallⅢ.1.to/with考查介詞。belinkedto/with...意為“連接到……”。故填to或with。2.multiple考查形容詞。設(shè)空處作定語修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞meanings,故用形容詞multiple,意為“多種多樣的”。3.on考查介詞。blamesth.onsb./sth.意為“把某事歸咎于某人/某物”,故用介詞on。易錯歸因本題容易誤填for,注意blamesb./sth.forsth.“把某事歸咎于某人/某物”與上面說的blamesth.onsb./sth.的區(qū)別,for后接的是所說的事故,on后接的是要責(zé)怪的人或物。4.on考查介詞。onthedecrease意為“在減少”,故填on。5.purely考查副詞。根據(jù)空后的形容詞scientific可知,空格處應(yīng)用副詞修飾形容詞,故填purely。6.of考查介詞。suspectsb.ofdoingsth.意為“懷疑某人做某事”。故填o考查介詞。transform...(from...)into...意為“把……(從……)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤薄９侍頸nto。此處指將中國從一個產(chǎn)品制造工廠轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐粋€以創(chuàng)新為動力、強調(diào)質(zhì)量高于數(shù)量的產(chǎn)品制造大國。Ⅳ.1.wheretogo2.sothattheycangain3.hadhislegbrokenⅠ.1.a考查冠詞。此處指霍亂作為當(dāng)時一種致命的疾病,威脅著普通人的生命。這里表示一種致命的疾病,應(yīng)用不定冠詞表泛指,type以輔音音素開頭,應(yīng)用不定冠詞a。2.determined考查形容詞。bedeterminedtodo...意為“下定決心做……”,故填determined。3.possibly考查副詞。設(shè)空處作狀語修飾動詞explained,應(yīng)填副詞possibly,意為“可能地”。4.subscribed考查動詞的時態(tài)。所述的事情發(fā)生在過去,此處應(yīng)用一般過去時。故填subscribed。5.investigation考查名詞。設(shè)空處作have的賓語且由設(shè)空處前的不定冠詞an可知應(yīng)用名詞investigation。6.which考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。設(shè)空處前是一個完整的句子,且前面有逗號隔開,設(shè)空處所在的句子缺少主語,由此推斷設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,先行詞為整個主句的內(nèi)容,設(shè)空處在從句中作主語,故填which。7.because考查從屬連詞。此處指一些家庭沒有死亡病例,因為這些人喝免費的啤酒。故填because。8.toblame考查固定搭配。betoblame意為“負(fù)有責(zé)任”,故填toblame。9.to考查介詞。leadto導(dǎo)致。故填to。10.wasdefeated考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。敘述過去發(fā)生的事,用一般過去時;“霍亂王”與“打敗”之間為被動關(guān)系,用被動語態(tài);由主語為“KingCholera”可知謂語動詞用單數(shù)。故填wasdefeated。Ⅱ.A本文是一篇新聞報道,主要報道了一個旨在激發(fā)學(xué)生強烈探索欲望的項目——“Win-Cube”。1.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“willbegintest-launchingasatellitethesizeofaRubik’scube”可知,Win-Cube衛(wèi)星在大小上設(shè)計得像魔方。故選C。2.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“TheseManitoba’shighschoolstudentsdeservecongratulationsfortheirbrilliance,innovation,andastronglovefordiscovery”可知,Mr.Bjomson認(rèn)為這些馬尼托巴省的高中生因他們的才華、創(chuàng)新和對發(fā)現(xiàn)的強烈熱愛而值得被祝賀,所以這些馬尼托巴省的高中生值得表揚。故選A。3.B主旨大意題。本文第一段引出“Win-Cube”項目,下面幾段詳細(xì)說明了它的名字及用途、它的參與人員、對它的評價以及它的目的,所以本文的最佳標(biāo)題為:“Win-Cube”項目。故選B?！靖哳l詞匯】1.incooperationwith...與……合作2.participationn.參加;參與3.challengingadj.挑戰(zhàn)性的4.deservev.值得;應(yīng)得;應(yīng)受5.relateto...與……相關(guān)6.devotionn.熱愛;奉獻【熟詞生義】1.handn.角色;作用;影響2.drivern.驅(qū)動因素長難句分析該句中的分號連接兩個句子。在分號前面的句子中,that引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾先行詞something;在分號后面的句子中,allowinghighschoolstudents...為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語,其中tolearnmoreabouttheexcitingworldofengineering為不定式短語作后置定語,修飾opportunity,throughtheirparticipationinthischallengingprogram為介詞短語作方式狀語。譯文“Win-Cube”項目不是在一張紙上進行的東西;它是存在于現(xiàn)實世界的工程,讓高中生有機會通過參與這個具有挑戰(zhàn)性的項目來更多地了解令人興奮的工程世界。B本文是一篇說明文。文章主要分析了時間旅行是否能夠成為可能,并且引出了科學(xué)家阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦和斯蒂芬·霍金對時間旅行的看法,同時也介紹了關(guān)于時間旅行的不同作品。4.C推理判斷題。在第一段作者提出了幾個假設(shè)“如果我們有能力控制時間,而不是從過去到現(xiàn)在再到未來,會怎樣?如果我們能在一臺機器里跳躍、循環(huán)和穿越時間會怎樣?如果我們可以想去哪兒就去哪兒,想什么時候去就什么時候去會怎樣?”然后開始介紹時間旅行這一話題,故推斷作者寫第一段的目的是吸引讀者對時間旅行的注意。故選C。5.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段首句可知,愛因斯坦提出了兩種觀點,這兩種觀點引出了關(guān)于時間旅行的可能性的理論。由此可推知,愛因斯坦會同意A項“時間旅行在未來是可能的”的說法。6.D主旨大意題。倒數(shù)第二段介紹了第一個以時間旅行為主題的科幻故事,此后,出現(xiàn)了成千上萬的探討時間旅行的書籍、電影和電視節(jié)目。由此可知,倒數(shù)第二段的主要內(nèi)容是介紹關(guān)于時間旅行的不同作品。故選D。易錯歸因A、B、C項都犯了“以偏概全”的錯誤,它們都分別是本段內(nèi)容的一個方面。7.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Themostimportantthingistokeepyoureyesopenandhaveasenseofwonder.”可知,作者認(rèn)為最重要的事情是睜大眼睛并保持一種好奇感,故推斷作者對時間旅行是抱有希望的,故選D?！靖哳l詞匯】1.witnessv.見證;目擊2.wondern.奇跡;奇觀;驚奇3.mysteriousadj.神秘的4.imaginativeadj.富于想象力的5.attemptv.試