（英語）英語專題匯編閱讀理解(教育文化)(一)含解析一、高中英語閱讀理解教育文化類1．閱讀理解

Thearts,especiallymusic,shouldbepartofeveryschool'slessonsateverygradelevel.Studentswouldbemuchsmarteriftheyhadsomemusicalexperience.Theycouldimprovetheirclassroomskills,likepayingattentionandfollowingdirections.Peopledevelopalltheseskillswhentheylearnmusic.Makingmusicalsoletschildrenusetheirimagination.Itprovidesstudentswithachancetotryouttheirownideas.

Musicnotonlymakeschildrenbetterstudents,butalsogivesthemsomethingpositivetodo.Inamusicprogram,childrencanbepartofabandinsteadofjoiningagang(團伙).Parentscanenjoylisteningtotheirchildren'smusicinsteadofseeingthemgluedtoacomputerorTVscreen.Inaschoolband,studentsgettobepartofateam.Theycangetalongwellwitholdfriendsandmakenewfriendsthroughmusic.

Musicbuildsself-confidence,too.Itgiveschildrenasenseofachievementandsuccess.Makingmusicissomethingforthemtobeproudof,anditletskidspracticeperforminginfrontofanaudience.Musicgiveschildrenanopportunityforself-expression,andthathelpsdeveloptheirself-confidence.

Onceagain,musicisimportantbecauseitcanmakechildrenbetterstudents,givethemsomethingpositivetodo,andbuildtheircharacter.Thatiswhymusicshouldbeofferedineverysinglegradeineveryschool.（1）Accordingtothepassage,musiccouldmakestudentssmarterby_______________.A.improvingtheirclassroomskillsandpayingattentionB.improvingtheirclassroomskillsandimaginationC.improvingtheirattention,directionandimaginationD.learningmusic,makingmusicandtryingouttheirownideas（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"gluedto"inthesecondparagraphmean?A.unwillingtoturnonB.alwayslookingC.unwillingtoleaveD.alwaysplaying（3）Thethirdparagraphmainlytellsusthatmusiccould_______________.A.givechildrenself-expressionandself-confidenceB.bringtochildrenachievementandsuccessC.givechildrensomethingtobeproudofD.developchildren'sself-confidence（4）What'sthebesttitleofthispassage?A.Musicisamustasacourseatschool.B.Musicbuildschildren'sself-confidence.C.Musicmakesstudentsmuchsmarter.D.Learningmusicandmakingmusic.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文介紹了音樂在學(xué)生的成長過程中不容忽視的作用，應(yīng)該被列為學(xué)校里的一門必修課程．音樂不但能夠提高學(xué)生們的注意力和服從指揮的能力，而且也能讓學(xué)生發(fā)揮想象力，培養(yǎng)他們的創(chuàng)造能力。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Theycouldimprovetheirclassroomskills”和“Makingmusicalsoletschildrenusetheirimagination”可知，音樂通過提高學(xué)生的課堂技能和發(fā)揮他們的想象力，使其更加聰明。故選B。（2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第二段中的“Parentscanenjoylisteningtotheirchildren'smusicinsteadofseeingthemgluedtoacomputerorTVscreen.”家長們能享受孩子們的音樂，而不是看他們不愿離開電腦或電視。glue的原意“似膠般固著于”，這里引申為“不愿離開”。故選C。（3）考查段落大意。根據(jù)第三段中的“Musicbuildsself-confidence,too.”音樂也建立自信可知,故選D。（4）考查主旨大意。第一段中的“Thearts,especiallymusic,shouldbepartofeveryschool'slessonsateverygradelevel.”即本篇文章的主題句。根據(jù)概括標題需遵循“征對性、概括性、醒目性”的原則可知A為最佳答案，故選A?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，詞義猜測，段落大意和主旨大意四個題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解

Mychallengeforyouisthis:toreadabookfor15minuteseverysingledayforamonth.

Letmeexplainabit

bytellingyouwherethechallengecamefrom.Ihavemanythingsincommonwithmydad,likemusictasteandsenseofhumor,butsadlyreadingisn'toneofthem.Icanhappilyspendawholedaywithabook,butmydadcan'treadabookforlongerthanabout5minutes.Hereadsemails,websitesandpapersforwork,butnotbooks.He'sbusy,soIthinksittingdowntoreadforjust15minutesadayisagoodwaytorelaxandtointroducehimtoreading.

Mydadisnottheonlypersonwhoavoidsbooks.IknowlotsofpeoplewouldratherrelaxontheircomputersorinfrontoftheTV.Everyoneisdifferentandhastheirowninterests,butIthinktherearelotsofbenefitstoreading,whichscreen﹣basedactivitiesdon'thave.

Firstly,it'sbetterforyoureyes.Lookingatscreenscanbeverystressfulforyoureyemuscles,andclearlyyoushouldavoidlookingatscreensforanhourbeforebed,togetagoodnight'ssleep.

OnethingIpersonallylovereading,isbeingtransportedtoanotherworld﹣Ioftenforgetthetimeorthingsaroundme!Readingisagreatwaytoswitchoffbeforeyougotobed,becauseyouthinkmoreabouttheworldofthebook,ratherthantherealworld,soyoucantrulyrelax.IknowyoucanbetransportedtoadifferentworldinafilmoraTVshow,butIthinkbooksdoitbetter.

Ialsoenjoyhearingwhatpeoplearedoingandfindingoutwhattheythink.Readinggivesmethechancetogettoknowhundredsofnewpeople!Italsoteachesyoutoseethingsfromotherpeople'spointofview,andunderstandotherpeople'sdecisionsoropinions.Withabook,youcanheareverythingacharacteristhinkingorfeeling﹣youreallycanbeinsidesomeoneelse'shead!

Sogiveitago!Take15minuteswhenyouarewakingup,goingtobed,eatinglunch,orhavingacoffee.Ifyoureadalot,whynottry15minutesofanEnglishbook,orpassthechallengeontosomeoneelse?Goodluck,andhappyreading!（1）Theauthormentionshisfatherinthetexttoshow

.A.

hisfatherisbusy

B.

readingisimportantC.

hisfatherlikesreading

D.

manypeoplehavenohabitofreading（2）Theauthorwritesthetextmainlybasingon

.A.

hispersonalexperience

B.

somescientificexperimentsC.

hisfather'spersonaladvice

D.

knowledgefrombooks（3）Theunderlinedword"it"inParagraph5refersto

.A.

helpingreaderssleepwell

B.

makingreadersfeelrelaxedC.

transportingreaderstoadifferentworld

D.

remindingreadersoftherealworld（4）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetoreading?A.Negative.B.Uncertain.C.Supportive.D.Doubtful.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）C（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，講述了我給你的挑戰(zhàn)：一個月每天讀15分鐘的書。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Mydadisbynomeanstheonlypersonwhoavoidsbooks.

IknowlotsofpeoplewouldratherrelaxontheircomputersorinfrontoftheTV.”可知，我父親絕不是唯一一個不看書的人。我知道有很多人寧愿在電腦或電視機前放松，故選D。（2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段中的“OnethingIpersonallylovereading,isbeingtransportedtoanotherworld﹣Iwouldoftenforgetthetimeorthingsaroundme!”可知，就我個人喜歡讀書這件事來說，讀書可以轉(zhuǎn)換到另一個世界，我將忘記時間或周圍的事情，可知這篇文章的基礎(chǔ)是"作者的親身經(jīng)歷"。故選A。（3）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)句意可知，我知道你可以在電影或電視節(jié)目中被帶到一個不同的世界，但我認為書可以做得更好。所以此處是指讀者被帶到另一個世界。故選C。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，作者建議大家要每天讀書，可見作者是支持大家閱讀的。故選C?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解

ItishardtosaythefirstdayofschoolintheUnitedStatesbecausewhenthefirstdayofschoolisandwhathappensonthefirstdayofschoolusuallyaredifferentbydistricts(地區(qū)).

ThefirstdayofschoolformanyschooldistrictsindifferentstatesisonthedayafterthefirstMondayinSeptember.Insomeotherschooldistricts,schoolbeginsinmid-to-lateAugust.Forexample,theDenver,Coloradoschoolsgobackinmid-AugustandschoolsinCleveland,OhiostartbackusuallyoneweekbeforethefirstMondayinSeptember.TheBoston,Chicago,NewYorkCityandSanDiegoschoolsstartbackontheTuesdayorWednesdayafterthefirstMondayinSeptember.

SchoolsinCleveland,OhiousedtostarttheschoolyearonthedayafterthefirstMondayinSeptember,butinthe1976-1977and1977-1978academicyears,theschoolyearwasaffectedbyseveralbadsnowstorms,extremecold.Inthe1978-1979schoolyear,theOhioDepartmentofEducationmovedthestartoftheyeartolateAugust,oneweekbeforethefirstMondayinSeptember.Thiswentintoeffectinthe1980-1981schoolyear.

InmostschooldistrictsinUtah,theschoolyearstartsbetweenAugust25andAugust30,andgoesuntilthelastweekofMayorthefirstweekinJunenextyear.

InAmericanhighschools,thefreshmenclassusuallygoesbackoneortwodaysbeforetherestoftheschoolbodyforanorientation(迎新)period.Anorientationperiodhelpsthefreshmengetfamiliarwiththeirnewschool,itsrules,andsurroundings.

Insomeschools,thefreshmenclasseshavetheirphotographstakenforidentificationpurposes.Somehighschoolshavetriedtomakethefirstweekofschoolfunforincomingfreshmen.（1）Accordingtothepassage,whichschoolsstarttheirschoolyeartheearliest?A.

SchoolsinDenver.

B.

SchoolsinCleveland.C.

SchoolsinNewYorkCity.

D.

SchoolsinBoston.（2）WhydidtheOhioDepartmentofEducationchangethestartoftheschoolyear?A.

Becauseofsomepoliticalevents.

B.

Becauseoftheentranceexaminations.C.

Becauseoftheincreasingnumberofstudents.

D.

Becauseoftheextremeweather.（3）HowmanymonthsdoestheschoolyearlastinschoolsinUtah?A.

Aboutsevenmonths.

B.

Abouteightmonths.C.

Aboutninemonths.

D.

Abouttenmonths.（4）Thearticleisprobablytakenfrom________.A.

abookaboutone'slifestory

B.

anofficialwebsiteofeducationC.

anadvertisementinanewspaper

D.

asportsmagazine【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，美國開學(xué)第一天的日期沒有明文規(guī)定，因地區(qū)而異。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的”Forexample,theDenver,Coloradoschoolsgobackinmid-AugustandschoolsinCleveland,…MondayinSeptember.“可知，丹佛的學(xué)校在八月中旬開學(xué),克里夫蘭的學(xué)校通常在9月的第一個星期一之前開始。波士頓，芝加哥，紐約和圣地亞哥的學(xué)校在9月的第一個星期一之后的周二或周三開始。綜上所述，丹佛的學(xué)校開學(xué)最早。故選A。（2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"butinthe1976-1977and1977-1978academicyears，theschoolyearwasaffectedbyseveralbadsnowstorms，extremecold"可知俄亥俄州的學(xué)校受到暴風(fēng)雪的影響，因而開學(xué)日發(fā)生了變化。故選D。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的”InmostschooldistrictsinUtah,theschoolyearstarts…nextyear.“可知猶太州學(xué)年從8月25日到8月30日開始，一直持續(xù)到5月的最后一周或明年6月的第一周，持續(xù)時間為九個月左右，故選C。（4）考查推理判斷。縱觀全文可知，本文介紹了美國學(xué)校開學(xué)第一天的日期的內(nèi)容，應(yīng)屬教育類，故選B?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解

Whenitcomestolearningaforeignlanguage,manypeoplewonderiftheywillbeabletomemorizeenoughvocabulary.Butthisquestionneverhappensabouttheirmothertongue,andyet,itwasaforeignlanguageonce.However,amongallthequestionsthatnewparentsask,nodoctorhaseverheard:"Willmybabybeabletolearnmylanguage?"Behonest,doyouknowallthewordsofyourmothertongue?Theansweris:"no".

Newwords,andnewwaysofusingoldwords,appeareveryday.Twentyyearsago,whocouldhavebeenabletounderstandasentencelikethis:"Clickheretodownloadyourdigitalbook."?Nobody.Youneverstoplearningnewvocabularyandyouneverknowhowlongyouwillneedit.

Sometimes,youhavethewordonthetipofyourtongue...anditsticksthere!Butyoudoknowthisphenomenon(現(xiàn)象)anddon'tthinkthatitisbecauseofabadmemory.Youshouldnotgivethisphenomenonmoreimportanceinthelanguageyouarelearningthaninyourmothertongue.

Youneedtolearnonly2000orsobasicwordstobeabletocreateanyphraseyouneed.Youcan'tavoidsomeworkinordertolearnthesenecessarywordsandallthemoreifyouwanttolearnquickly.Andbeforeyouconsiderbuyingintoanymethod,besureitisrightforyou.Itisnotwisetodependonanymethodbaseduponmnemonics(記憶群).Thefirstfewwordsseemveryeasytolearn,soyoubuythecourse,butthenyoudiscoverquickly,thoughtoolate,thatadozenwordslater,itisallthemoredifficulttolearnanewwordwhenyouhavealsotolearnthetricktomemorizeit.（1）Fromthefirstparagraph,wecaninferthat______.A.

thereisnoneedtoknowallthewordsofaforeignlanguageB.

itishonesttoanswer"no"toaquestionyoudon'tknowC.

ababycanknowallthenewwordsofitsmothertongueD.

peoplefindithardtomemorizevocabularyoftheirlanguage（2）Tolearnaforeignlanguage,theauthoradvisesyou______.A.toremembernewwordsappearingeverydayB.tokeepupwithnewwaysofusingoldwordsC.tolearnatleast2,000necessarywordsD.topaymoreattentiontoyourbadmemory（3）Theauthor'sattitudetomnemonicsis________.A.supportiveB.neutralC.opponentD.indifferent（4）Thepassageismainlyabout______.A.usingoldwordsinanewwayB.learningnewwordsfromthecontextC.findingamethodtomemorizevocabularyD.learningvocabularyofaforeignlanguage【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，很多學(xué)習(xí)外語的人都有一個困惑是否要記憶足夠多的單詞，作者的回答是"不"，文章告訴人們應(yīng)該掌握多少個基本單詞，且不能為了學(xué)習(xí)這些必要的單詞而逃避一些工作，以及依靠任何基于助記法的方法都是不明智的。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Tobehonest，doyouknowallthewordsofyourmothertongue？Theansweris‘No’．“說實話，你知道你母語的所有單詞嗎?"答案是:"不"?？芍粋€人既然連自己的母語的詞匯都不可能全部認識，那么在學(xué)習(xí)外語時，也就沒有必要記住所有的詞匯。故選A。（2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Youneedtolearnonly2，000orsobasicwordstobeabletocreateanyphraseyouneed.”你只需要學(xué)習(xí)2000個左右的基本單詞就能創(chuàng)造出任何你需要的短語?？芍獮榱藢W(xué)習(xí)一門外語，作者建議你至少學(xué)習(xí)2000個必要的單詞。故選C。（3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Itisnotwisetodependonanymethodbaseduponmnemonics.”依靠任何基于記憶術(shù)的方法都是不明智的。可知作者對記憶術(shù)的態(tài)度是反對的。故選C。（4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“Whenitcomestolearningaforeignlanguage,manypeoplewonderiftheywillbeabletomemorizeenoughvocabulary.”當談到學(xué)習(xí)一門外語時，許多人想知道他們是否能記住足夠的詞匯。以及文章主要內(nèi)容圍繞學(xué)習(xí)外語時的詞匯量問題，所以短文主要是關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)一門外語的詞匯量。故選D。【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，概括歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解

Youprobablyknowthebasicsofhowcomparatives(比較級)andsuperlatives(最高級)workintheEnglishlanguage.Whencomparingsomething,youoftenaddan"-er"totheendofthecomparativeadjective.Thegeneralruleisthatone-syllable(音節(jié))wordsgetthesuffix(后綴),andpolysyllabicwordsget"more"or"most."Thatis,unlessthetwo-syllablewordendsina"y";ifthat'sthecase,youwilladdthesuffixesandchangethe"y"toan"i".

Butwhatabouttheword"fun"?Thissimpleadjectiveonlyhasonesyllable,soyou'dthinkyou'daddsuffixesonittocreatesuperlatives.Butifyouweretosay"IthinkMagicKingdomisafunnerparkthanEpcot."or"DisneyWorldwasthefunnestvacationever!"youmightgetsomestrangelooks.Itdoesn'tsoundquiteright.But…why?"Fun"isonesyllable,sowhydowechoose"morefun"asthecomparative—especiallyconsideringthatthesimilarword"funny,"whichhasmoresyllablesthan"fun,"usesthesuffixeswithnoproblem?

Well,theproblemcomesfromthefactthattheword"fun"wasnotoriginallyanadjective.Untiltheearly19thcentury,itwasmostlyjustanoun,anditgaineditsmeaningas"amusement"inthe18thcentury.Butasearlyasthe1800s,peoplebeganusingitasanadjective,thewaywe'ddescribe"afuntime"or"afunplace"today.

Basically,languageisstilldeveloping.Grammarianshavemostlycomearoundtotheuseof"fun"asanadjective(thoughsomedictionariesstillcallitinformal).Therewas(andremains)anagreementof"Fine,youcanuse‘fun'asanadjective…but,like,it'snotreallyone,soitcan'tfollowtherulesofrealadjectives."Sotheyalsoagreethattheanswerto"isfunneraword?"isyes.Ifyouwanttoconsider"fun,"asanadjective,then"funner"isindeedaword,asis"funnest".Butthisdoesn'tmeanthat"morefun"and"mostfun"areincorrect,though;infact,informalwriting,you'llprobablystillwanttousethoseinsteadof"funner"and"funnest."

TheEnglishlanguageischock-fullofuncertaingrammarrules;there'snoneedtoinsistthatawordbreaksthecommonrulesoflanguagejustbecausewedidn'tusedtouseitinawaywedonow.（1）HowdocomparativesandsuperlativesworkintheEnglishlanguage?A.

Put"more"or"most"beforeone-syllableadjectives.B.

Add"-er"or"-est"tomostpolysyllabicadjectives.C.

Put"more"or"most"beforepolysyllabicadjectives.D.

Add"-er"or"-est"straighttotwo-syllablewordsendingina"y".（2）Peopledidn'tusedtouse"funner"or"funnest"partlybecause______________.A.

itsoundedstrangetogrammarians

B.

theEnglishlanguagechangedalittleC.

thewordwasoriginallyusedasanoun

D.

somedictionariesconsidereditincorrect（3）Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.

Is"funner"aword?B.

AgeneralruleofEnglishgrammar.C.

ThedevelopmentofEnglishlanguage.D.

Thecomparativesandsuperlativesofadjectives.【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了英語形容詞比較級和最高級中，單詞fun的比較級和最高級變化規(guī)則而展開。告訴了我們單詞fun詞性的歷史演變，英語充滿了不確定的語法規(guī)則;沒有必要僅僅因為我們過去不像現(xiàn)在這樣使用一個詞就認為它違反了語言的一般規(guī)則。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Thegeneralruleisthatone-syllablewordsgetthesuffix,andpolysyllabicwordsget'more'or'most.'"一般規(guī)則是單音節(jié)單詞詞尾添加后綴，多音節(jié)單詞則需要添加"more"或"most"?？芍谟⒄Z比較級和最高級中，在多音節(jié)形容詞前加"more"或"most"。故選C。（2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的”Untiltheearly19thcentury,itwasmostlyjustanoun,anditgaineditsmeaningas"amusement"inthe18thcentury.Butasearlyasthe1800s,peoplebeganusingitasanadjective,thewaywe'ddescribe"afuntime"or‘a(chǎn)funplace“today.”直到19世紀早期，它還只是一個名詞，到了18世紀才有了"娛樂"的含義。但早在19世紀，人們就開始把它用作形容詞，我們今天用它來形容"有趣的時間"或"有趣的地方"?？芍^去的人們不習(xí)慣使用"funner"或"funnest"，部分原因是這個詞最初用作名詞。故選C。（3）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第二段中的“Butwhatabouttheword"fun"?Thissimpleadjectiveonlyhasonesyllable,soyou'dthinkyou'daddsuffixesonittocreatesuperlatives.”但是"樂趣"這個詞呢?這個簡單的形容詞只有一個音節(jié)，所以你會認為你應(yīng)該在它上面加上后綴來創(chuàng)造最高級。以及倒數(shù)第二段中的“Sotheyalsoagreethattheanswerto"isfunneraword?"isyes.”所以他們對"funner是一個詞嗎?"的說法是肯定的。本文主要內(nèi)容都是圍繞著fun的比較級和最高級變化規(guī)則展開論述，故A選項"funner是一個詞嗎？"符合文章主旨。故選A?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個題型的考查，是一篇文化知識類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解

Aswereflectontheevolutionoffitnessoverthecenturies,andtheemergenceofawell-organizedandgrowing"fitness"marketandindustry,itiswelltoaskourselves:whathavewelost,andwhathavewegained?

Obviously,muchgoodhascomeoutoftheserecentdevelopments:there'swidespreadawarenessoftheimportanceofregularexercise,nearlyeverycommunityhasagymorfitnessclubwherepeoplecangoorpaytoworkout,andweunderstandmoreabouthowthehumanbodyworks.Yetdespitethemanyhealthandfitnessmethods,programs,andresources,thegeneralpopulationhasneverbeensophysicallysedentary(久坐的)andout-of-shape.ArecentWorldHealthOrganizationreportindicatesthatlifeexpectancy(壽命)intheU.S.droppedforthefirsttimesince1993.Thehealthofmodempeopleisdeclining,despitehighlyadvancedmedicaltechnologiesandtheboominghealthandfitnessindustry.

Howcouldthatbe?Alargepartofitismotivation.Peoplearesimplynotasmotivatedtomovetheirbodyandgethealthyastheywereinthepast.Weliveinasocietywheretheinabilitytooperateone'sbodyinapracticalandeffectivemannerisnolongeranembarrassingcondition.Thefitnessindustrynomatterhowgoodeachnewprogramclaimstobe,hasfailedtogetthemajorityofpeopletovalue,practice,andenjoyphysicalexercise.

So,shouldweexpecttheanswertothisdilemmatocomefromevenmorevaried,ormoretechnologicallyadvancedprogramsandequipment?Orwillthesolutioncomefromadifferentmindset,asimplerapproachandpractice,andoverallanewculture?（1）Whatdoestheauthortellusaboutfitnessindustryinparagraph2?A.Itprovidesbettertechnology.B.Itissupportedbymostpeople.C.Itbringsaboutpositiveeffects.D.Itcostspeopletoomuchmoney.（2）Whatisthemainreasonwhypeoplefailtodophysicalexercise?A.Notenoughequipment.B.Lackofinnerdrive.C.Misguidedinstructions.D.Embarrassinglivingconditions.（3）Whatdoestheauthorseemtoagreewith?A.Changeattitudestofitness.B.Relyonstandardpractice.C.Seekmorepotentialcustomers.D.Turntomoreadvancedprograms.（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.LostinfitnessB.MisunderstandingaboutfitnessC.EvolutionoffitnessD.Importanceoffitness【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，分析了健身市場的發(fā)展帶來的好處，盡管醫(yī)療技術(shù)高度發(fā)達，健康健身產(chǎn)業(yè)蓬勃發(fā)展，但現(xiàn)代人的健康水平卻在下降。問題產(chǎn)生很大一部分原因是人們?nèi)狈?nèi)在動機。作者建議應(yīng)當改變對健康的態(tài)度。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Obviously,muchgoodhascomeoutoftheserecentdevelopments:there'swidespreadawarenessoftheimportanceofregularexercise,nearlyeverycommunityhasagymorfitnessclubwherepeoplecangoorpaytoworkout,andweunderstandmoreabouthowthehumanbodyworks.”顯然，這些最新的發(fā)展帶來了很多好處:人們普遍意識到定期鍛煉的重要性，幾乎每個社區(qū)都有一個健身房或健身俱樂部，人們可以去那里或花錢去那里鍛煉，我們對人體如何工作了解得更多，可知健身產(chǎn)業(yè)帶來了積極的影響。故選C。（2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Alargepartofitismotivation.”其中很大一部分是動機，可知人們不鍛煉身體的主要原因是缺乏動機或內(nèi)在驅(qū)動力。故選B。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Orwillthesolutioncomefromadifferentmindset,asimplerapproachandpractice,andoverallanewculture?”或者，解決方案將來自一個不同的心態(tài)，一個更簡單的方法和實踐，以及一個全新的文化?可推知作者似乎同意改變對健康的態(tài)度。故選A。（4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段“Aswereflectontheevolutionoffitnessoverthecenturies,andtheemergenceofawell-organizedandgrowing‘fitness’marketandindustry,itiswelltoaskourselves:whathavewelost,andwhathavewegained?”當我們回顧幾個世紀以來健身運動的演變，以及一個組織良好、不斷發(fā)展的“健身”市場和行業(yè)的出現(xiàn)，我們有必要捫心自問:我們失去了什么，又得到了什么?以及文章主要內(nèi)容為分析健身市場的發(fā)展帶來的好處，以及其中存在的問題和問題產(chǎn)生的原因。故選A?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇健康類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解

Astudyof3,884studentsfromprimaryschoolstocollegesfoundthatexaminationsmade83.1percentofprimarystudentsanxious,andmorethan40percentofhighschoolchildrenwereoutofsorts(身體不適)becauseofstressandanxiety.

Moreover,75percentofthehighschoolrespondentsadmittedthattheyhadproblemstalkingtotheirparentsandmorethan55percentofthemfoundithardtoassociatewithotherpeople,accordingtothestudy.

Itisnotdifficulttoconcludethatourchildrenarenothappy.

Today'skidsarecominghomefromschoolweigheddownwithbackpacksfullofbooksandworksheets.Theyarespendinghoursatdeskatnight,seldomgoingoutsidetoplayandgettingtobedlate.

Howcanthisbeagoodthing?

Homeworkiseatingawaychildren'stimetoplayfreelywithneighborhoodkids-andmoreimportantly,theirtimetosleep.

Homeworkcanenrichtheeducationprocess.Butlikeallthings,toomuchofitmaydampen(減少）astudent'senthusiasmforlearning.Toraisecheerful,contentedandwell-manneredchildren,parentsneedtoputinalotoftimeandeffort.Theireyesshouldgobeyondtheirchildren'spreparationsfortests.Childrenneedabreaktoo.Soletthembeincontrolofpartsoftheday.（1）Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Highschoolstudentssuffermorethanprimaryschoolstudents.B.Mostofthestudentshavenoproblemtalkingtotheirparents.C.Theteenagerssufferfromheavyworkload.D.Thestudentsarenothappyathome.（2）Accordingtothetext,whatdothechildrenhavetodowithtoomuchhomework?A.Theyhavetotaketheirbackpacks.B.Theyhavetostayuplate.C.Theyhavetoeatmore.D.Theyhavemoretimetoplayoutdoors.（3）Whatdoestheauthorsuggesttheparentsdo?A.Theyshouldspendmoretimewiththeirchildren.B.Theyneedtoasktheirchildrentoworkhard.C.Theyshouldnotcareabouttheirchildren'stestresults.D.Theyneedtogivechildrenmorefreetime.（4）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardgivingchildrentoomuchhomework?A.Negative.B.Supportive.C.Unconcerned.D.Uncertain【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了小學(xué)生和高中生的壓力很大，產(chǎn)生的原因在于青少年的學(xué)習(xí)負擔過于繁重，由此作者向家長們提出呼吁，請給學(xué)生們一些自由的時間去放松一下。（1）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的數(shù)據(jù)83.1%、40%、75%、55%可知，小學(xué)生和高中生的壓力很大；以及第四段中的“Today'skidsarecominghomefromschoolweigheddownwithbackpacksfullofbooksandworksheets.Theyarespendinghoursatdeskatnight,seldomgoingoutsidetoplayandgettingtobedlate.”可知，孩子們放學(xué)回家，書包里裝滿書和資料。晚上在書桌前學(xué)習(xí)幾個小時，很少出門玩耍并且上床睡覺很晚。這是由現(xiàn)象分析原因，看得出小學(xué)生和高中生的壓力很大的原因在于青少年的學(xué)習(xí)負擔過于繁重，因此文章的主要內(nèi)容是青少年的學(xué)習(xí)負擔過于繁重。故選C。（2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中“Theyarespendinghoursatdeskatnight,seldomgoingoutsidetoplayandgettingtobedlate.”孩子們晚上在書桌前學(xué)習(xí)幾個小時，很少出門玩耍并且上床睡覺很晚，可知，孩子們必須熬夜做過多的家庭作業(yè)。故選B。（3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Theireyesshouldgobeyondtheirchildren'spreparationsfortests.Childrenneedabreaktoo.Soletthembeincontrolofpartsoftheday.”父母的眼睛不要總是關(guān)注孩子為考試做的準備。孩子們也需要休息，因此要讓他們自由控制一天中的某些時間，可知，作者建議父母需要給孩子更多的空閑時間以使他們得到放松。故選D。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的“Howcanthisbeagoodthing?”這怎么可能是一件好事？和“toomuchofitmaydampen（減少）astudent'senthusiasmforlearning”太多作業(yè)可能會削弱學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)熱情，可知，作者對于給孩子太多家庭作業(yè)去做這件事持否定態(tài)度。故選A?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解

Whatdopeopleintheoutsideworlddowhentheywanttolearnsomething?Theygotosomebodywhoknowsaboutit,andaskhim.Theydonotgotosomebodywhoissupposedtoknowabouteverything—except,whentheyareveryyoung,totheirparents:andtheyspeedilybecomedissatisfiedwiththatvarietyofknowledge.Theygotosomebodywhomightreasonablyexpectedtoknowabouttheparticularthingtheyareinterestedin.Whenamanbuysamotor-car,hedoesnotsaytohimself:"WherecanIfindsomebodywhocanteachmehowtorunamotorcar?"HedoesnotlookinthetelephonedirectoryunderT.Hejustgetsanexperienceddrivertoteachhim.Hejustpaysattentionandasksquestionsandtriestodothethinghimself,untilhelearns.

Butthiscase,ofcourse,assumesaninterestofthepupilinthesubject,awillingnessandevenadesiretolearnaboutit,afeelingthatthematterisofsomeimportancetohimself.Andcometothinkofit,thesemotivesaregenerallypresentinthelearningthatgoesonintheoutsideworld.Itisonlyinschoolthatthepupilisexpectedtobeunwillingtolearn.

Whenyouwereachild,andpassedthedoorofthevillageblacksmith(鐵匠)shop,andlookedin,dayafterday,youadmiredhisskill,andstoodinaweofhisstrength;andifhehadofferedtoletyoublowthebellowsforhimandshownyouhowtomakeared-hotpenny,thatwouldhavebeenaproudmoment.Itwouldalsohavebeenaneducationalone.Butsupposetherehadbeenanewshopsetupinthetown,andwhenyoulookedinattheopendooryousawamanatworkpaintingapicture;andsupposeabellrangjustthen,andthemanstoppedpaintingrightinthemiddleofabrush-stroke,andstartedtoreadaloud“HowTheyBroughttheGoodNewsfromGhenttoAix";andsupposewhenhewashalfwaythrough,thebellrangagain,andhesaid,"Wewillgoonwiththattomorrow,"andstartedtochiselthesurfaceofapieceofmarble;andthen,afteralittle,somewhatexhaustedly,startedintoplay"TheRockofAges"onaflute,interruptingthetunetoorderyoutostandupstraightandnotwhispertothelittleboybesideyou.There'snodoubtwhatyouwouldthinkofhim;youwouldknowperfectlywellthathewascrazy;peopl