汽車英語汽車商務(wù)英語Lesson2:AutomobileEngineIWarming-upPartone目錄TextParttwoWordsStudyPartThreeKnowledgeExtensionPartFourWarming-upPartone：sedanWarming-upPartone：convertibleLookthepicturesandthentellthetypeofeachengineWarming-upPartone：LookthepicturesandthentellthetypeofeachenginesedanconvertibleTextParttwo：Parttwo：AutomobileEngineTextTheenginegivesthepowertotheautomobile.Itcanturnfuelintotheenergyofauto-powers.Andwith-outtheengine,theautomobilewillnotmove,sotheengineisoftencalledthe“heart”oftheauto-mobile.Theenginecanbeclassifiedinthefollowingways:汽車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)給汽車動(dòng)力。它能把燃油變成汽車的能量。沒有發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，汽車將不能移動(dòng)，所以發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)通常被稱作是汽車的心臟。AutomobileEngineFueltypegasolineengine,dieselengine,gasengine汽車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)1.燃料類型：汽油機(jī)、柴油機(jī)、燃?xì)獍l(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。1Parttwo：TextAutomobileEngine汽車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)2Cylindernumber:2to12-cylinderParttwo：Text2.氣缸的數(shù)量：2缸至12缸。AutomobileEngine汽車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)34Cylinderarrangement:inline(3-5cylinders),Vtype(6,8,10.,12cylinders)；flat=horizontallyopposedParttwo：Text3.氣缸的排列：直列式（3-5缸）、v型（6-12缸、水平對(duì)置式。AutomobileEngine汽車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)44Cubiccapacity/pistondisplayment:1.5-5litresParttwo：Text4.容量或排量：1.5-5升。AutomobileEngineValvetrain/valvemechanism:OHV,OHC,SOHCandDOHC,Valvetrainconsistsofintakevalve,exhaust，valve,camshaft,sparkplug,valvelifter汽車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)5.氣門結(jié)構(gòu)：頂置閥、頂置凸輪軸、單頂置凸輪軸、雙頂置凸輪軸。5Parttwo：TextAutomobileEngine汽車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)6Numberofstrokespercycle:Two-strokeorFour-strokeParttwo：Text6.每一次循環(huán)沖程次數(shù)：2沖程、4沖程。AutomobileEngine汽車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)74Methodofignition:sparkorcompressionParttwo：Text7.點(diǎn)火方式：火花式、壓燃式。AutomobileEngine汽車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)84Coolingtype:air-cooled,liquid-cooledParttwo：Text8.冷卻方式：風(fēng)冷、水冷。AutomobileEngineTurbocharging：Someengineshaveaturbocharger.Turbochargingenablesmoreairtobeforcedintothecylinders,andthisincreasesengineperformance.汽車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)9.渦輪增壓：有些發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)帶有渦輪增壓機(jī)。它能使更多的空氣進(jìn)入氣缸，這就大大地增加了發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的性能。9Parttwo：TextWordsStudyPartThree：PartThree：powercylinderinlineV-tapevalvetrainOHVOHCintakeexhaustWordsStudy做功，動(dòng)力氣缸直列式V型配氣機(jī)構(gòu)頂置氣門頂置凸輪軸進(jìn)氣排氣valvecamshaftstrokecompressionpistonconnectingrodsparkplugcarankshaft氣門，閥連桿沖程壓縮活塞連桿火花塞曲軸PartThree：WordsStudyPISTONCONNECTINGRODCRANKSHAFT活塞曲軸連桿PartThree：WordsStudyCamshaftsprocketIgnitiondistributionCrankshaftsprocket凸輪軸齒形帶輪曲軸齒輪帶輪點(diǎn)火分電器Toothedtimingbelt齒形正時(shí)帶Cylinder氣缸Piston活塞Sparkplug火花塞Valve氣門Buckettappet挺柱Camshaft凸輪軸Fig.Structureofanengine(1)PartThree：WordsStudyINTAKEINTAKEVALVE進(jìn)氣PISTON壓縮做功排氣EXHAUSTVALVECOMPRESSIONPOWEREXHAUSTKnowledgeExtensionPartFour：PartFour：KnowledgeExtensionFig.2-2ThemaincomponentsofthecylinderPartFour：KnowledgeExtensionFig.2-3Componentsoftheengine汽車英語汽車商務(wù)英語Lesson3AutomobileEngineIIWarming-upPartone目錄TextParttwoWordsStudyPartThreeWarming-upPartone：Warming-upPartone：lubricationsystemignitionsystemLookatthepictures,whatarethesesystems?fuelsystem,lubricationsystem,startingsystem,ignitionsystem,coolingsystemcoolingsystemWarming-upPartone：startingsystemLookatthepictures,whatarethesesystems?fuelsystem,lubricationsystem,startingsystem,ignitionsystem,coolingsystemfuelsystemTextParttwo：Parttwo：fuelsystemTextTheengine'sfuelsystempumpsgasolinefromthegasolinetankandmixesitwithairsothattheproperair/fuelmixturecanflowintothecylinders.燃油系統(tǒng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的燃油系統(tǒng)可以把汽油從油箱里抽出來并使它與空氣混合，這樣適當(dāng)?shù)目諝夂推偷幕旌衔锞湍苓M(jìn)入氣缸。Parttwo：lubricationsystemTextThelubricationsystemmakessurethateverymovingpartintheenginegetsoilsothatitcanmoveeasily.Thetwomainpartsneedingoilarethepistonsandanybearingsthatallowthingslikethecrankshaftandcamshaftstorotatefreely.潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)要確保發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)中的每一個(gè)活動(dòng)部件都能獲得機(jī)油以使其能順暢地運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。需要加油的兩大主要部件是活塞和軸承，它們能讓曲軸和凸輪軸這類部件自如旋轉(zhuǎn)。Parttwo：coolingsystemTextThecoolingsysteminmostcarsconsistsoftheradiatorandwaterpump.Watercirculatesthroughpassagesaroundthecylindersandthentravelsthroughtheradiatortocoolitoff.冷卻系統(tǒng)大多數(shù)汽車上的冷卻系統(tǒng)是由散熱器和水泵組成的。水在氣缸周圍循環(huán)流動(dòng)，經(jīng)散熱器冷卻。Parttwo：ignitionsystemTextTheignitionsystemproducesahigh-voltageelectricalchargeandtransmitsittothesparkplugstoignitetheair-fuelmixtureinthecylinders,whichinitiatethepowerstroke.點(diǎn)火系統(tǒng)點(diǎn)火系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生高壓電荷，并將其傳輸?shù)交鸹ㄈ?，點(diǎn)燃?xì)飧字械目諝馊剂匣旌掀@就開始了做功沖程。Parttwo：startingsystemTextAstarterisanelectricmotorthatturnsovertheenginetostartit.起動(dòng)系統(tǒng)起動(dòng)機(jī)就是電動(dòng)馬達(dá)，它能讓發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)發(fā)動(dòng)起來。WordsStudyPartThree：voltagetransmitinitiatestartingsysteminjectoroilpumpbearingfan燃油系統(tǒng)泵汽油燃油箱混合物潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)冷卻系統(tǒng)散熱器點(diǎn)火系統(tǒng)PartThree：Wordandphase電壓傳輸發(fā)動(dòng)起動(dòng)系統(tǒng)噴油器機(jī)油泵軸承風(fēng)扇fuelsystempumpgasolinetankmixturelubricationsystemcoolingsystem