2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解專項訓練試卷高頻詞匯與長難句解析考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷第一部分閱讀理解Passage1Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedconsiderabledebateregardingitspotentialimpactontheglobalworkforce.ProponentsarguethatAIwillprimarilyaugmenthumancapabilities,leadingtoincreasedproductivityandthecreationofnewjobcategoriesrequiringadvancedtechnicalskills.TheypointtoAI'spotentialtoautomatemundaneanddangeroustasks,freeinghumanstofocusonmorecreativeandcomplexproblem-solving.However,criticsexpressconcernthatwidespreadAIadoptioncoulddisplaceasignificantnumberofworkers,particularlyinsectorsinvolvingroutinecognitiveandmanualtasks.Thispotentialdisplacementraisesquestionsabouttheneedforrobustretrainingprogramsandsocialsafetynetstosupportworkerstransitioningtonewroles.Furthermore,theethicalimplicationsofAIdecision-making,potentialbiasesembeddedinalgorithms,andtheconcentrationofAIdevelopmentpowerinafewcorporationsareareasrequiringcarefulscrutinyandregulation.Despitetheseconcerns,theintegrationofAIintovarioussectorsseemsinevitable.IndustriesrangingfromhealthcareandfinancetomanufacturingandtransportationarealreadywitnessingthetransformativeeffectsofAItechnologies.AI-powereddiagnostictoolsareimprovingdiseasedetectionaccuracy,algorithmictradingisoptimizingfinancialmarkets,andautonomousvehiclesarepoisedtorevolutionizetransportation.ThequestionthenshiftsfromwhetherAIwillimpacttheworkforcetohowsocietycanmanagethisimpacteffectively.ThisinvolvesnotonlyinvestingineducationandtrainingtoequiptheworkforcewiththeskillsneededfortheAI-driveneconomybutalsofosteringadialogueaboutthefutureofwork,thenatureofhumanskill,andtheequitabledistributionofAI'sbenefits.Thelong-termsuccessofAIintegrationhingesonproactivepoliciesandacommitmenttohuman-centricdevelopment.Governmentsandbusinessesmustcollaboratetoidentifyemergingskilldemandsanddesigneducationalpathwaysthatbridgethegapbetweencurrentcapabilitiesandfutureneeds.InitiativesencouragingethicalAIdevelopmentandpromotingtransparencyinAIsystemsarealsocrucialtobuildpublictrustandensureAIserveshumanity'sbestinterests.Whilethetransitionmaybechallenging,aproactiveandinclusiveapproachcanhelpharnessAI'spotentialtocreateamoreproductive,resilient,andequitablefutureforall.Questions:1.Whatistheprimaryconcernraisedbycriticsaboutthewidespreadimplementationofartificialintelligence?2.Accordingtothepassage,inwhichindustriesisartificialintelligencealreadyhavingasignificantimpact?3.Whatkeyfactorisessentialforthesuccessfulintegrationofartificialintelligenceintosociety,assuggestedbytheauthor?4.Theword"augment"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:5.ThepassagesuggeststhatthetransitiontoanAI-driveneconomywillrequire:Passage2Urbanizationhasbeenadefiningfeatureofthe21stcentury,withmillionsofpeoplemigratingtocitiesinsearchofbettereconomicopportunities,education,andhealthcare.Whilecitiesoffernumerousadvantages,theyalsopresentsignificantchallenges,particularlyintherealmofenvironmentalsustainabilityandsocialequity.Theconcentrationofpeopleinurbanareasleadstoincreasedpollution,strainoninfrastructure,andheightenedcompetitionforresources.Issuessuchastrafficcongestion,housingaffordability,andaccesstogreenspacesarecommonplaceinmanyrapidlygrowingcities.Moreover,thedigitaldividepersists,withmarginalizedcommunitiesoftenlackingaccesstotheinternetanddigitaltechnologiesthatareincreasinglyessentialforeconomicparticipation.Toaddressthesechallenges,urbanplannersandpolicymakersareexploringinnovativesolutions.Sustainableurbandevelopmentmodels,suchassmartcitiesandeco-friendlycommunities,aimtocreatemorelivableandenvironmentallyresponsibleurbanenvironments.Thesemodelsemphasizetheuseoftechnologytooptimizeresourceuse,reducewaste,andimproveenergyefficiency.Forinstance,smartgridsystemscanbettermanageenergydistribution,whilesensornetworkscanmonitorandreducewaterconsumption.Additionally,initiativespromotingpublictransportation,cycling,andwalkingaimtoreducerelianceonprivatevehiclesandmitigatetrafficcongestion.Despitetheseefforts,thepathtosustainableurbanizationiscomplexandmultifaceted.Itrequiresacollaborativeapproachinvolvinggovernments,businesses,civilsociety,andresidents.Engaginglocalcommunitiesintheplanningprocessiscrucialtoensurethatdevelopmentprojectsmeettheirneedsandareculturallysensitive.Furthermore,fosteringeconomicopportunitiesthatbenefitallsegmentsofsocietyisessentialforpromotingsocialequity.Byintegratingenvironmentalsustainabilitywithsocialinclusion,citiescanbecomevibrant,resilient,andequitableplacesforalltheirinhabitants.Questions:6.Whatisoneofthemainenvironmentalchallengesassociatedwithurbanization?7.Accordingtothepassage,whatisakeyfeatureofsustainableurbandevelopmentmodels?8.Theword"mitigate"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:9.Thepassageimpliesthatforsustainableurbanizationtobesuccessful,itmust:10.Whatfactorisessentialforensuringthatdevelopmentprojectsmeettheneedsoflocalcommunities?Passage3Theglobalclimatecrisishasacceleratedinrecentdecades,leadingtomorefrequentandsevereweathereventssuchashurricanes,droughts,andwildfires.Theseeventsnotonlycausesignificanteconomicdamagebutalsoposeseriousriskstohumanlifeandecosystems.Thescientificconsensusisclear:humanactivities,particularlytheburningoffossilfuelsanddeforestation,aretheprimarydriversofclimatechange.Addressingthiscrisisrequiresaconcertedglobalefforttoreducegreenhousegasemissionsandtransitiontorenewableenergysources.Governments,businesses,andindividualsallhaverolestoplayinthistransition.Renewableenergytechnologies,suchassolar,wind,andhydroelectricpower,offerpromisingsolutionstoreducerelianceonfossilfuels.Advancesinenergystoragetechnologiesarealsocriticalforensuringastableandreliableenergysupplyastheshareofrenewablesincreases.However,thetransitiontoarenewableenergy-basedeconomyisnotwithoutitschallenges.Theinitialcostsofrenewableenergyinfrastructurecanbehigh,andtheintegrationofvariablesourceslikesolarandwindintothegridrequiressophisticatedmanagement.Additionally,themininganddisposalofmaterialsusedinrenewableenergytechnologiesmustbeaddressedtominimizetheirenvironmentalimpact.Publicawarenessandengagementareessentialcomponentsoftheclimatechangeresponse.Educationcampaignscanraiseawarenessaboutthecausesandconsequencesofclimatechangeandencourageindividualstoadoptmoresustainablelifestyles.Politicalwillisalsocrucialforenactingandenforcingpoliciesthatpromoterenewableenergyandreduceemissions.Internationalcooperationisnecessarytoestablishglobalagreementsandensurethatallcountriescontributefairlytotheeffortofmitigatingclimatechange.Byworkingtogether,theglobalcommunitycantakemeaningfulstepstoaddresstheclimatecrisisandbuildamoresustainablefuture.Questions:11.Whatisaprimaryconsequenceoftheglobalclimatecrisis?12.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeexamplesofrenewableenergytechnologies?13.Theword"concerted"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:14.Thepassagesuggeststhatthetransitiontorenewableenergyfaceswhichtypeofchallenge?15.Whatroledoeducationcampaignsplayintheresponsetoclimatechange?Passage4Thedigitalagehastransformedthewaywecommunicate,work,andconsumeinformation.Theinternetandmobiletechnologieshavemadeitpossibletoconnectwithpeoplearoundtheworldinstantlyandaccessavastamountofinformationwithafewclicks.Thishasnumerousbenefits,includingincreasedaccesstoeducation,healthcare,andeconomicopportunities.However,thedigitalagealsopresentssignificantchallenges,particularlyintheareasofprivacy,security,andthedigitaldivide.Issuesofprivacyandsecurityhavebecomeincreasinglyprominentasmorepersonaldataiscollectedandstoredonline.Cybersecuritythreats,suchashackinganddatabreaches,canhaveseriousconsequencesforindividualsandorganizations.Theriseofsocialmediahasalsoraisedconcernsaboutthespreadofmisinformationandthemanipulationofpublicopinion.Additionally,thedigitaldivide—disparitiesinaccesstodigitaltechnologiesandtheinternet—remainsasignificantbarriertoequitableparticipationinthedigitalage.Peopleinruralareas,low-incomecommunities,anddevelopingcountriesoftenlackaccesstotheinternetandthedigitalskillsneededtonavigateonlineenvironments.Toaddressthesechallenges,itisessentialtodevelopandimplementrobustdigitalpoliciesandregulations.Governmentsandorganizationsmustworktogethertoprotectindividualprivacy,improvecybersecurity,andpromotedigitalliteracy.Initiativesthatprovideaccesstoaffordableinternetanddigitaldevices,particularlyinunderservedcommunities,arealsocrucial.Furthermore,fosteringacultureofdigitalcitizenshipthatemphasizesethicalonlinebehaviorandcriticalthinkingskillscanhelpmitigatethenegativeaspectsofthedigitalage.Byaddressingthesechallengesproactively,societycanharnessthebenefitsofthedigitalagewhileminimizingitsrisks.Questions:16.Whatisoneofthemajorbenefitsofthedigitalage?17.Accordingtothepassage,whatisaconcernrelatedtotheriseofsocialmedia?18.Theword"disparities"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:19.Thepassagesuggeststhatfosteringacultureofdigitalcitizenshipcanhelp:20.Whatisessentialforprotectingindividualprivacyinthedigitalage?第二部分高頻詞匯與長難句解析High-FrequencyVocabulary1.Augment(v.):tomakesomethinggreaterorlargerinsize,amount,ordegree.**Example:*Thenewequipmentwillhelptoaugmenttheteam'sproductivity.2.Displace(v.):toforcesomeoneorsomethingtoleaveaplaceorpositionthattheyhavebeenin.**Example:*Thecompany'sexpansionprojectwilldisplacemanyresidents.3.Scarcity(n.):thestateofbeingveryshortofsomething,especiallysomethingneeded.**Example:*Thescarcityofwaterintheregionhasledtorationing.4.Mitigate(v.):tomakesomethinglesssevere,serious,orpainful.**Example:*Thenewpolicyaimstomitigatetheimpactoftherecessiononsmallbusinesses.5.Concerted(adj.):donebyagroupofpeopleworkingtogethertoachieveaparticularaim.**Example:*Thesuccessoftheprojectwastheresultofaconcertedeffortbytheentireteam.6.Prominence(n.):thestateofbeingfamousorimportant.**Example:*Thecompanyhasachievedinternationalprominenceinthetechnologysector.7.Disparities(n.):differences,especiallyunfairones.**Example:*Therearesignificantdisparitiesineducationalopportunitiesbetweenurbanandruralareas.8.Underserved(adj.):notreceivingtheattention,care,orservicethatisneededorexpected.**Example:*Thecommunitycenterprovidesservicestounderservedpopulationsinthearea.9.Mitigate(v.):tomakesomethinglesssevere,serious,orpainful.**Example:*Thenewpolicyaimstomitigatetheimpactoftherecessiononsmallbusinesses.10.Fostering(v.):theactofencouragingthedevelopmentofsomethingorsomeone.**Example:*Theprogramfocusesonfosteringcreativityandinnovationamongyoungpeople.LongSentenceAnalysis1.Sentence:"Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedconsiderabledebateregardingitspotentialimpactontheglobalworkforce,withproponentsarguingthatAIwillprimarilyaugmenthumancapabilities,leadingtoincreasedproductivityandthecreationofnewjobcategoriesrequiringadvancedtechnicalskills,whilecriticsexpressconcernthatwidespreadAIadoptioncoulddisplaceasignificantnumberofworkers,particularlyinsectorsinvolvingroutinecognitiveandmanualtasks."*Analysis:Thissentenceisacomplexone,startingwithamainclause("Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedconsiderabledebateregardingitspotentialimpactontheglobalworkforce")followedbytwoparticipialphrases("withproponentsarguing..."and"whilecriticsexpress...")thatprovideadditionalinformationaboutthedebate.Thefirstparticipialphraseexplainstheviewpointofproponents,highlightingtheirbeliefinAI'sabilitytoenhancehumanskillsandboostproductivity.Thesecondparticipialphrasepresentsthecounterargumentsofcritics,emphasizingtheirconcernsaboutjobdisplacement,particularlyinindustrieswithrepetitiveandmanualtasks.2.Sentence:"Urbanizationhasbeenadefiningfeatureofthe21stcentury,withmillionsofpeoplemigratingtocitiesinsearchofbettereconomicopportunities,education,andhealthcare,whilealsopresentingsignificantchallenges,particularlyintherealmofenvironmentalsustainabilityandsocialequity,asissuessuchastrafficcongestion,housingaffordability,andaccesstogreenspacesarecommonplaceinmanyrapidlygrowingcities."*Analysis:Thissentencebeginswithamainclause("Urbanizationhasbeenadefiningfeatureofthe21stcentury")andisfollowedbyaparticipialphrase("withmillionsofpeoplemigrating...")thatelaboratesonthescaleandmotivationbehindurbanization.Thesentencealsoincludesacontrastingclause("whilealsopresenting...")thathighlightsthenegativeaspectsofurbanization,specificallyfocusingonenvironmentalandsocialchallenges.Thefinalclauseprovidesexamplesofthesechallenges,emphasizingtheprevalenceofissuesliketraffic,housing,andgreenspaceaccessibilityinrapidlyexpandingurbanareas.3.Sentence:"Theglobalclimatecrisishasacceleratedinrecentdecades,leadingtomorefrequentandsevereweathereventssuchashurricanes,droughts,andwildfires,whichnotonlycausesignificanteconomicdamagebutalsoposeseriousriskstohumanlifeandecosystems,primarilyduetohumanactivities,particularlytheburningoffossilfuelsanddeforestation,thataretheprimarydriversofclimatechange."*Analysis:Thissentencestartswithamainclause("Theglobalclimatecrisishasacceleratedinrecentdecades")andisfollowedbyaparticiplephrase("leadingto...")thatdescribestheconsequencesofthecrisis.Thesentencethenincludesarelativeclause("whichnotonlycause...butalsopose...")thatfurtherelaboratesontheimpactoftheseweatherevents.Theclauseisthenmodifiedbyanotherrelativeclause("thataretheprimarydriversofclimatechange")thatidentifiestherootcauseofthecrisis,attributingittohumanactivitieslikefossilfuelcombustionanddeforestation.4.Sentence:"Thedigitalagehastransformedthewaywecommunicate,work,andconsumeinformation,withtheinternetandmobiletechnologiesmakingitpossibletoconnectwithpeoplearoundtheworldinstantlyandaccessavastamountofinformationwithafewclicks,whilealsopresentingsignificantchallenges,particularlyintheareasofprivacy,security,andthedigitaldivide,asissuessuchashackinganddatabreacheshavebecomeincreasinglyprominentandtheriseofsocialmediahasraisedconcernsaboutthespreadofmisinformationandthemanipulationofpublicopinion."*Analysis:Thissentencebeginswithamainclause("Thedigitalagehastransformed...")followedbyaparticipialphrase("withtheinternetandmobiletechnologiesmaking...")thatexplainsthemechanismsthroughwhichthedigitalagehasbroughtaboutchange.Thesentencethenintroducesacontrastingclause("whilealsopresenting...")thathighlightsthechallengesassociatedwiththedigitalage,focusingonprivacy,security,andthedigitaldivide.Thefinalclauseprovidesexamplesofthesechallenges,mentioningthegrowingthreatsofcyberattacksandthepotentialforsocialmediatospreadfalseinformationandinfluencepublicopinion.試卷答案第一部分閱讀理解Passage11.WidespreadAIadoptioncoulddisplaceasignificantnumberofworkers,particularlyinsectorsinvolvingroutinecognitiveandmanualtasks.*解析思路：題目問的是批評者對人工智能廣泛應(yīng)用的主要擔憂是什么。根據(jù)文章第一段，批評者主要擔心人工智能會取代大量工人，特別是在涉及常規(guī)認知和體力勞動的領(lǐng)域。因此，正確答案是“WidespreadAIadoptioncoulddisplaceasignificantnumberofworkers,particularlyinsectorsinvolvingroutinecognitiveandmanualtasks.”2.IndustriesrangingfromhealthcareandfinancetomanufacturingandtransportationarealreadywitnessingthetransformativeeffectsofAItechnologies.*解析思路：題目問的是根據(jù)文章，人工智能技術(shù)已經(jīng)在哪些行業(yè)產(chǎn)生了重大影響。根據(jù)文章第二段，人工智能技術(shù)已經(jīng)在醫(yī)療保健、金融、制造業(yè)和交通運輸?shù)刃袠I(yè)產(chǎn)生了變革性的影響。因此，正確答案是“IndustriesrangingfromhealthcareandfinancetomanufacturingandtransportationarealreadywitnessingthetransformativeeffectsofAItechnologies.”3.Proactivepoliciesandacommitmenttohuman-centricdevelopmentareessentialforthesuccessfulintegrationofartificialintelligenceintosociety.*解析思路：題目問的是根據(jù)作者，人工智能成功融入社會的一個關(guān)鍵因素是什么。根據(jù)文章第二段，成功的融合需要一個積極主動的政策和致力于以人為本的發(fā)展。因此，正確答案是“Proactivepoliciesandacommitmenttohuman-centricdevelopmentareessentialforthesuccessfulintegrationofartificialintelligenceintosociety.”4.tomakesomethinggreaterorlargerinsize,amount,ordegree.*解析思路：題目要求找出“augment”在第一段中最接近的意思。根據(jù)上下文，第一段提到人工智能將“augment”人類的能力，指的是增強或提升。因此，正確答案是“tomakesomethinggreaterorlargerinsize,amount,ordegree.”5.ThetransitiontoanAI-driveneconomywillrequireinvestmentsineducationandtrainingtoequiptheworkforcewiththeskillsneededfortheAI-driveneconomyandfosteringadialogueaboutthefutureofwork,thenatureofhumanskill,andtheequitabledistributionofAI'sbenefits.*解析思路：題目問的是文章暗示向人工智能驅(qū)動的經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型將需要什么。根據(jù)文章第二段，轉(zhuǎn)型將需要投資教育和培訓，以使勞動力具備人工智能驅(qū)動經(jīng)濟所需的技能，并促進關(guān)于工作未來、人類技能的性質(zhì)以及人工智能利益公平分配的對話。因此，正確答案是“InvestmentsineducationandtrainingtoequiptheworkforcewiththeskillsneededfortheAI-driveneconomyandfosteringadialogueaboutthefutureofwork,thenatureofhumanskill,andtheequitabledistributionofAI'sbenefits.”Passage26.Theconcentrationofpeopleinurbanareasleadstoincreasedpollution,strainoninfrastructure,andheightenedcompetitionforresources.*解析思路：題目問的是城市化帶來的一個主要環(huán)境挑戰(zhàn)是什么。根據(jù)文章第一段，城市人口集中導致污染增加、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施壓力加大和資源競爭加劇。因此，正確答案是“Theconcentrationofpeopleinurbanareasleadstoincreasedpollution,strainoninfrastructure,andheightenedcompetitionforresources.”7.Sustainableurbandevelopmentmodels,suchassmartcitiesandeco-friendlycommunities,aimtocreatemorelivableandenvironmentallyresponsibleurbanenvironmentsbyemphasizingtheuseoftechnologytooptimizeresourceuse,reducewaste,andimproveenergyefficiency.*解析思路：題目問的是根據(jù)文章，可持續(xù)城市發(fā)展模式的一個關(guān)鍵特征是什么。根據(jù)文章第二段，可持續(xù)城市發(fā)展模式，如智慧城市和生態(tài)友好型社區(qū)，旨在通過利用技術(shù)優(yōu)化資源利用、減少浪費和提高能源效率，創(chuàng)造更宜居和更負責任的環(huán)境。因此，正確答案是“Sustainableurbandevelopmentmodels,suchassmartcitiesandeco-friendlycommunities,aimtocreatemorelivableandenvironmentallyresponsibleurbanenvironmentsbyemphasizingtheuseoftechnologytooptimizeresourceuse,reducewaste,andimproveenergyefficiency.”8.tomakesomethinglesssevere,serious,orpainful.*解析思路：題目要求找出“mitigate”在第二段中最接近的意思。根據(jù)上下文，第二段提到這些措施旨在“mitigate”交通擁堵。因此，正確答案是“tomakesomethinglesssevere,serious,orpainful.”9.Itrequiresacollaborativeapproachinvolvinggovernments,businesses,civilsociety,andresidents,engaginglocalcommunitiesintheplanningprocesstoensurethatdevelopmentprojectsmeettheirneedsandareculturallysensitive.*解析思路：題目暗示為了實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)城市化，它必須做什么。根據(jù)文章第三段，它需要一個包括政府、企業(yè)、民間社會和居民在內(nèi)的協(xié)作方法，讓當?shù)厣鐓^(qū)參與規(guī)劃過程，以確保發(fā)展項目滿足他們的需求并具有文化敏感性。因此，正確答案是“Engaginglocalcommunitiesintheplanningprocesstoensurethatdevelopmentprojectsmeettheirneedsandareculturallysensitive.”10.Engaginglocalcommunitiesintheplanningprocessiscrucialtoensurethatdevelopmentprojectsmeettheirneedsandareculturallysensitive.*解析思路：題目問的是什么對于確保發(fā)展項目滿足當?shù)厣鐓^(qū)的需求至關(guān)重要。根據(jù)文章第三段，讓當?shù)厣鐓^(qū)參與規(guī)劃過程對于確保發(fā)展項目滿足他們的需求并具有文化敏感性至關(guān)重要。因此，正確答案是“Engaginglocalcommunitiesintheplanningprocessiscrucialtoensurethatdevelopmentprojectsmeettheirneedsandareculturallysensitive.”Passage311.Theglobalclimatecrisishasacceleratedinrecentdecades,leadingtomorefrequentandsevereweathereventssuchashurricanes,droughts,andwildfires,whichnotonlycausesignificanteconomicdamagebutalsoposeseriousriskstohumanlifeandecosystems.*解析思路：題目問的是全球氣候危機的一個主要后果是什么。根據(jù)文章第一段，氣候危機導致了更頻繁和更嚴重的天氣事件，如颶風、干旱和野火，這些事件不僅造成了巨大的經(jīng)濟損失，而且對人類生命和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成了嚴重風險。因此，正確答案是“Theglobalclimatecrisishasacceleratedinrecentdecades,leadingtomorefrequentandsevereweathereventssuchashurricanes,droughts,andwildfires,whichnotonlycausesignificanteconomicdamagebutalsoposeseriousriskstohumanlifeandecosystems.”12.Accordingtothepassage,someexamplesofrenewableenergytechnologiesaresolar,wind,andhydroelectricpower.*解析思路：題目問的是根據(jù)文章，一些可再生能源技術(shù)的例子是什么。根據(jù)文章第二段，可再生能源技術(shù)的一些例子是太陽能、風能和水力發(fā)電。因此，正確答案是“Solar,wind,andhydroelectricpower.”13.donebyagroupofpeopleworkingtogethertoachieveaparticularaim.*解析思路：題目要求找出“concerted”在第一段中最接近的意思。根據(jù)上下文，第一段提到全球努力是“concerted”的，指的是共同努力以實現(xiàn)特定目標。因此，正確答案是“donebyagroupofpeopleworkingtogethertoachieveaparticularaim.”14.Thetransitiontorenewableenergyfaceschallengessuchasthehighinitialcostsofrenewableenergyinfrastructure,theneedforsophisticatedmanagementtointegratevariablesourceslikesolarandwindintothegrid,andtheenvironmentalimpactofmininganddisposingofmaterialsusedinrenewableenergytechnologies.*解析思路：題目問的是文章暗示向可再生能源轉(zhuǎn)型面臨哪種類型的挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)文章第二段，轉(zhuǎn)型面臨著初始成本高、需要復雜的電網(wǎng)管理以及材料開采和處置的環(huán)境影響等挑戰(zhàn)。因此，正確答案是“Thetransitiontorenewableenergyfaceschallengessuchasthehighinitialcostsofrenewableenergyinfrastructure,theneedforsophistica