2025年英語考研閱讀理解真題解析詳解經(jīng)典題型與答題技巧考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷PartOneReadingComprehensionDirections:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneTheadventofartificialintelligence(AI)hasprecipitatedawaveofanxietiesaboutjobdisplacement.ProjectionssuggestthatAIcouldautomateasignificantportionoftaskscurrentlyperformedbyhumans,potentiallyleadingtowidespreadunemployment.However,beneaththissurface-levelconcernliesamorenuancedreality.WhileAIwillundoubtedlytransformthelabormarket,itsimpactisunlikelytobesolelydestructive.Instead,itpromisesaparadigmshiftinwork,necessitatingadaptationratherthanoutrightreplacementinmanysectors.OneofthekeyeffectsofAIonemploymentwillbetheaugmentationofhumancapabilitiesratherthanoutrightsubstitution.AIsystemsexcelathandlingrepetitive,data-intensivetasksatspeedsandscalesunattainablebyhumans.BydelegatingtheseresponsibilitiestoAI,workerscanfocusontasksrequiringcreativity,criticalthinking,emotionalintelligence,andcomplexproblem-solving—skillsthatremaininherentlyhuman.Forinstance,inhealthcare,AIcanassistdoctorswithdiagnosisbyanalyzingmedicalimages,allowingclinicianstoconcentrateonpatientinteractionandtreatmentplanning.Similarly,infinance,AIcanprocessvastamountsofmarketdata,enablinganalyststomakemoreinformedstrategicdecisions.TheriseofAIalsofostersthecreationofnewjobcategoriesandindustries.Thedevelopment,deployment,andmaintenanceofAIsystemsrequireaburgeoningworkforceskilledinareassuchasdatascience,machinelearningengineering,AIethics,andAIgovernance.Furthermore,AIactsasacatalystforinnovation,spurringthegrowthofentirelynewmarketsandbusinessmodelsthatwehaveyettofullycomprehend.AsAIintegratesintovariousfacetsofsociety,itcreatesdemandforrolesthatdonotexisttoday,suchasAItrainers,AIsystemauditors,andprofessionalsspecializinginhuman-AIinteractiondesign.Despitethesepotentialbenefits,thetransitiontowardsanAI-integratedworkforcenecessitatesproactivemeasurestoensureasmoothandequitabletransition.Educationalsystemsmustevolvetocultivatetheskillsdemandedbythefuturejobmarket,emphasizingadaptability,digitalliteracy,andinterdisciplinarythinking.Governmentsandcorporationsbeartheresponsibilityofimplementingpoliciesthatsupportworkersaffectedbyautomation,suchasreskillingprograms,careertransitionassistance,andpotentiallyuniversalbasicincomeschemes.FosteringaculturethatembraceslifelonglearningandcollaborationbetweenhumansandAIwillbeparamountinharnessingthetransformativepotentialofthistechnologicalrevolutionwhilemitigatingitsdisruptiveconsequences.Questions:1.WhatistheprimaryconcernassociatedwiththeincreasingimplementationofAIintheworkplace?2.Accordingtothepassage,howwillAIprimarilyaffecthumanemploymentratherthansimplyreplacingit?3.Theword"precipitated"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaccuratelyreflectstheauthor'sviewonthefutureofworkinanAI-driveneconomy?5.WhatmeasuresaresuggestedinthepassagetoaddressthechallengesposedbyAItothecurrentlabormarket?PassageTwoUrbanization,themigrationofpopulationsfromruralareastocities,hasbeenadefiningfeatureofthe21stcentury.Drivenbythepromiseofbetterjobopportunities,improvedaccesstoeducationandhealthcare,andamorevibrantsociallife,millionscontinuetoflocktourbancentersglobally.Whilecitiesoffernumerousadvantages,thisrelentlessurbangrowthalsostrainsinfrastructure,exacerbatesenvironmentalchallenges,andcreatessocialinequalitiesthatdemandurgentattention.Thepressureonurbaninfrastructureisperhapsmostevidentintherealmofhousing.Asdemandforcitylivingsurges,housingpricesoftenescalate,makingaccommodationunaffordableforasignificantportionofthepopulation.Thisphenomenongivesrisetotheproliferationofinformalsettlementsorslums,whereresidentslackaccesstobasicservicessuchascleanwater,sanitation,andreliableelectricity.Theresultingovercrowdingnotonlyposeshealthrisksbutalsohamperseconomicproductivityandsocialcohesion.Environmentaldegradationisanothercriticalconsequenceofrapidurbanization.Theexpansionofurbanareasoftenleadstodeforestation,lossofbiodiversity,andincreasedpollution.Theconcentrationofvehiclesandindustrialactivitiesincitiesgenerateshighlevelsofairpollution,contributingtorespiratoryillnessesandotherhealthproblemsamongresidents.Furthermore,theproliferationofimpervioussurfaceslikeconcreteandasphaltreducesrainfallabsorption,leadingtomoreseverefloodingeventsandwaterscarcity.Socialinequalitiesaredeeplyintertwinedwithurbanizationpatterns.Whilecitiesofferdiverseopportunities,thebenefitsareoftenunevenlydistributed.Gapsinincome,education,andaccesstoservicescanleadtothesegregationofpopulationsbasedonsocioeconomicstatus,creatingisolatedenclavesofpovertyamidstwealth.Thissegregationcanfostersocialtensionsandlimitsocialmobility,underminingthepotentialforinclusiveurbandevelopment.Addressingthesedisparitiesrequiresthoughtfulurbanplanningandpoliciesthatprioritizeequitableaccesstoresourcesandopportunitiesforallresidents.Questions:6.Whatarethemainfactorsattractingpeopletourbanareasaccordingtothepassage?7.Theword"proliferation"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:8.Accordingtothepassage,whichenvironmentalissueisdirectlylinkedtotheexpansionofurbanareas?9.Whatsocialproblemisassociatedwiththeunevendistributionofopportunitiesinurbanenvironments?10.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestasanecessarycomponentformitigatingthenegativesocialimpactsofurbanization?PassageThreeTheconceptof"culturalheritage"encompassesthetangibleandintangibleaspectsofasociety'spastthatarevaluedandpasseddowntofuturegenerations.Thisincludeshistoricalmonuments,artifacts,traditions,languages,performingarts,andknowledgesystems.Recognizingtheimmenseimportanceofculturalheritage,UNESCO'sConventionfortheProtectionoftheWorldCulturalandNaturalHeritage,adoptedin1972,establishedaframeworkforinternationalcooperationinsafeguardingsitesofoutstandinguniversalvalue.Thepreservationofculturalheritageiscrucialnotonlyforhistoricalreasonsbutalsoforcontemporarysocietalbenefits.Heritagesitesoftenserveaspowerfulsymbolsofidentityandcontinuity,fosteringasenseofbelongingandnationalprideamongcommunities.Theyalsoplayasignificantroleintourism,attractingvisitorsworldwideandcontributingeconomicallytolocalregions.Moreover,manyheritagesitesofferinvaluableopportunitiesforeducationandresearch,providinginsightsintopastcivilizations,technologies,andwaysoflife.However,theconservationofculturalheritagefacesnumerouschallengesinthemodernworld.Naturaldisasterssuchasearthquakes,floods,andclimatechange-relatedeventsposesignificantthreatstothephysicalintegrityofheritagesites.Furthermore,humanactivities,includingwar,illicittraffickingofculturalobjects,pollution,andunsustainabledevelopmentpractices,posesevereriskstothepreservationofheritage.Theincreasingglobalizationandassociatedculturalhomogenizationalsothreatenthediversityofintangibleculturaltraditions.Effortstoprotectculturalheritagerequireamultifacetedapproachinvolvinggovernments,localcommunities,internationalorganizations,andtheprivatesector.Investmentinconservationtechnologiesandskilledpersonnelisessentialforthephysicalrestorationandmaintenanceofheritagesites.Raisingawarenessamongthepublicaboutthevalueofculturalheritageandthethreatsitfacesisequallyimportant.Communityparticipationinconservationeffortsensuresthesustainabilityofheritagepracticesandthetransmissionofintangibleculturaltraditions.Internationalcollaboration,asfacilitatedbyUNESCO,playsavitalroleinsharingbestpractices,providingtechnicalassistance,andcoordinatingresponsestoemergenciesaffectingheritagesitesworldwide.Questions:11.WhatistheprimarypurposeofUNESCO's1972Conventionmentionedinthepassage?12.Accordingtothepassage,whyisthepreservationofculturalheritageimportantinthepresentday?13.Theword"illicit"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:14.Whichofthefollowinggroupsisidentifiedasplayingacrucialroleintheconservationofculturalheritage?15.Whataspectofculturalheritageisparticularlythreatenedbyglobalizationaccordingtothepassage?PassageFourThephenomenonofsocialmediahasfundamentallyalteredthewayhumanscommunicate,shareinformation,andconstructtheiridentities.PlatformssuchasFacebook,Twitter,Instagram,andTikTokhavebecomeintegraltomodernlife,withbillionsofusersworldwideengagingdaily.Whilesocialmediaoffersnumerousbenefits,includingtheabilitytoconnectwithothersacrossvastdistancesandaccessawealthofinformation,italsopresentssignificantchallengesrelatedtomentalhealth,privacy,andtheintegrityofinformation.Oneofthemostsignificantimpactsofsocialmediaonmentalhealthisitspotentialtofosterfeelingsofinadequacyandanxiety.Thecuratedandoftenidealizedrepresentationsoflivespresentedontheseplatformscanleaduserstoengageinsocialcomparison,resultingindiminishedself-esteemandbodyimageissues.Theconstantpressuretopresentaperfectimageandthefearofmissingout(FOMO)cancontributetoheightenedstressandanxietylevels.Furthermore,thephenomenonofonlinebullyingandcyberharassmenthascreatedahostileenvironmentformanyusers,particularlyyoungpeople.Privacyconcernsareanothermajorissueassociatedwithsocialmedia.Thevastamountofpersonaldatasharedontheseplatformsraisesquestionsaboutdatasecurityandthepotentialformisusebycorporationsorgovernments.Algorithmsdesignedtomaximizeuserengagementoftenprioritizeprofitoveruserwell-being,leadingtoconcernsaboutmanipulationandthecreationofechochamberswhereusersareonlyexposedtoinformationthatreinforcestheirexistingbeliefs.Theeasewithwhichpersonalinformationcanbeaccessedandsharedalsoposesrisksforindividuals,includingidentitytheftandreputationaldamage.Thespreadofmisinformationanddisinformationonsocialmediaplatformsrepresentsasignificantchallengetotheintegrityofinformation.Thelowbarriertoentryandthespeedatwhichinformationcanspreadonlinehavemadetheseplatformsfertilegroundforfalsenarratives,conspiracytheories,andpropaganda.Thiscanhaveseriousreal-worldconsequences,influencingpublicopinion,underminingdemocraticprocesses,andincitingsocialunrest.Combatingthespreadofmisinformationrequiresamultifacetedapproach,includingmedialiteracyeducation,algorithmictransparency,andthedevelopmentoftoolstoidentifyandflagfalsecontent.Despitethesechallenges,socialmediacontinuestoevolve,offeringnewopportunitiesandposingnewquestionsforsociety.Theriseofplatformsfocusedonshort-formvideocontent,forinstance,hastransformedhowinformationisconsumedandshared.Associalmediabecomesincreasinglyintegratedintovariousaspectsoflife,ongoingdiscussionsabouthowtoharnessitsbenefitswhilemitigatingitsriskswillbecrucialforfosteringahealthyandequitabledigitalfuture.Questions:16.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthenegativepsychologicaleffectsofsocialmedia?17.Theword"fertile"inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:18.Whatisapotentialconsequenceofthespreadofmisinformationonsocialmedia?19.Accordingtothepassage,whatcontinuestoevolveassocialmediadevelops?20.Whatisthemainconcernregardingthealgorithmsusedbysocialmediaplatforms?---試卷答案PartOneReadingComprehension1.D2.A3.B4.E5.C6.A7.C8.D9.B10.F11.C12.B13.A14.D15.E16.A17.D18.E19.A20.B解析思路PassageOne1.答案：D解析思路：文章首段明確指出，“Theadventofartificialintelligence(AI)hasprecipitatedawaveofanxietiesaboutjobdisplacement.”（人工智能的興起引發(fā)了對(duì)工作流失的浪潮式焦慮。）該句直接點(diǎn)明了人們對(duì)于AI的主要擔(dān)憂是失業(yè)。選項(xiàng)D（Jobdisplacement）與原文核心信息一致。2.答案：A解析思路：文章第二段強(qiáng)調(diào)，“AIwillundoubtedlytransformthelabormarket,itsimpactisunlikelytobesolelydestructive.Instead,itpromisesaparadigmshiftinwork,necessitatingadaptationratherthanoutrightreplacementinmanysectors.”（AI將不可避免地改變勞動(dòng)力市場，其影響不太可能僅僅是破壞性的。相反，它預(yù)示著工作范式的轉(zhuǎn)變，需要在許多領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行適應(yīng)，而不是完全取代。）該段明確指出AI將增強(qiáng)人類的能力（augmentationofhumancapabilities），而非完全取代（outrightsubstitution）。選項(xiàng)A（Augmentinghumancapabilities）符合原文觀點(diǎn)。3.答案：B解析思路：“Precipitated”意為“引起，導(dǎo)致，促成”。文章第一句“Theadventofartificialintelligence(AI)hasprecipitatedawaveofanxietiesaboutjobdisplacement.”意為“人工智能的興起引發(fā)了對(duì)工作流失的浪潮式焦慮?！边@里的語境是指AI的出現(xiàn)導(dǎo)致了焦慮情緒的產(chǎn)生。選項(xiàng)B（Caused）與“precipitated”在此處的含義最接近。4.答案：E解析思路：綜合全文，作者認(rèn)為AI對(duì)就業(yè)市場的影響是復(fù)雜的，既有挑戰(zhàn)也有機(jī)遇。AI將改變工作性質(zhì)，人類需要適應(yīng)，同時(shí)AI也能增強(qiáng)人類能力并創(chuàng)造新工作。作者并非完全樂觀（排除A），也并非完全悲觀（排除D），而是強(qiáng)調(diào)需要適應(yīng)和轉(zhuǎn)變（選項(xiàng)EAdaptationandtransformationarerequired，與原文“necessitatingadaptation”和“paradigmshift”相符）。5.答案：C解析思路：文章最后一段明確提出了應(yīng)對(duì)AI挑戰(zhàn)的措施，包括“Educationalsystemsmustevolve...”,“Governmentsandcorporationsbeartheresponsibilityofimplementingpolicies...”,“Fosteringaculturethatembraceslifelonglearning...”。這些措施的核心是“教育體系的演變”（選項(xiàng)CEducationalevolution），如培養(yǎng)未來所需的技能、終身學(xué)習(xí)文化等，是應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)的關(guān)鍵。6.答案：A解析思路：文章第一段指出，“Drivenbythepromiseofbetterjobopportunities,improvedaccesstoeducationandhealthcare,andamorevibrantsociallife,millionscontinuetoflocktourbancentersglobally.”（由于對(duì)更好的工作機(jī)會(huì)、更好的教育和醫(yī)療保健以及更豐富多彩的社交生活的承諾，數(shù)百萬continuestoflocktourbancentersglobally.不斷涌入全球城市中心。）其中“betterjobopportunities,improvedaccesstoeducationandhealthcare”直接對(duì)應(yīng)了選項(xiàng)A（Betterjobopportunities,improvedaccesstoeducationandhealthcare）。7.答案：C解析思路：“Proliferation”意為“迅速增加，激增，擴(kuò)散”。文章第三段提到，“Theexpansionofurbanareasoftenleadstodeforestation,lossofbiodiversity,andincreasedpollution.Theconcentrationofvehiclesandindustrialactivitiesincitiesgenerateshighlevelsofairpollution...”（城市區(qū)域的擴(kuò)張往往導(dǎo)致森林砍伐、生物多樣性喪失和污染增加。城市中車輛和工業(yè)活動(dòng)的集中會(huì)產(chǎn)生高水平的空氣污染...）這里的語境是指城市擴(kuò)張導(dǎo)致各種問題（如污染）的迅速增加和擴(kuò)散。選項(xiàng)C（Spread/increaserapidly）符合原文含義。8.答案：D解析思路：文章第三段明確指出，“Theconcentrationofvehiclesandindustrialactivitiesincitiesgenerateshighlevelsofairpollution...”（城市中車輛和工業(yè)活動(dòng)的集中會(huì)產(chǎn)生高水平的空氣污染...）并且提到，“Furthermore,theproliferationofimpervioussurfaceslikeconcreteandasphaltreducesrainfallabsorption,leadingtomoreseverefloodingeventsandwaterscarcity.”（此外，像混凝土和瀝青這樣的不透水表面的激增減少了雨水吸收，導(dǎo)致更嚴(yán)重的洪水事件和水資源短缺。）其中，空氣污染直接由車輛和工業(yè)活動(dòng)引起，與城市擴(kuò)張密切相關(guān)。選項(xiàng)D（Airpollution）是文中明確提到的與城市擴(kuò)張直接相關(guān)的環(huán)境問題。9.答案：B解析思路：文章第四段提到，“Gapsinincome,education,andaccesstoservicescanleadtothesegregationofpopulationsbasedonsocioeconomicstatus,creatingisolatedenclavesofpovertyamidstwealth.”（收入、教育和獲取服務(wù)的差距可能導(dǎo)致基于社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)地位的群體隔離，在財(cái)富之中創(chuàng)造出貧困的孤立飛地。）這里的語境是指由于社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)地位差距（選項(xiàng)BSocialandeconomicinequality）導(dǎo)致貧困人口與富裕人口隔離。10.答案：F解析思路：文章最后一段指出，解決社會(huì)不平等問題需要“thoughtfulurbanplanningandpoliciesthatprioritizeequitableaccesstoresourcesandopportunitiesforallresidents.”（周到城市規(guī)劃和政策，優(yōu)先考慮為所有居民提供公平的資源和服務(wù)機(jī)會(huì)。）其中，“thoughtfulurbanplanningandpolicies”（周到的城市規(guī)劃和政策）是促進(jìn)公平所必需的組成部分。選項(xiàng)FThoughtfulurbanplanningandpolicies與原文信息一致。11.答案：C解析思路：文章第二段提到，“Recognizingtheimmenseimportanceofculturalheritage,UNESCO'sConventionfortheProtectionoftheWorldCulturalandNaturalHeritage,adoptedin1972,establishedaframeworkforinternationalcooperationinsafeguardingsitesofoutstandinguniversalvalue.”（認(rèn)識(shí)到文化遺產(chǎn)的巨大重要性，1972年通過的聯(lián)合國教科文組織《保護(hù)世界文化和自然遺產(chǎn)公約》為保護(hù)具有突出普遍價(jià)值的遺產(chǎn)的國際合作建立了框架。）該句明確說明公約旨在建立國際合作的框架來保護(hù)具有突出普遍價(jià)值的遺產(chǎn)。選項(xiàng)C（Establishedaframeworkforinternationalcooperation）與原文信息一致。12.答案：B解析思路：文章第二段指出，“Heritagesitesoftenserveaspowerfulsymbolsofidentityandcontinuity,fosteringasenseofbelongingandnationalprideamongcommunities.Theyalsoplayasignificantroleintourism,attractingvisitorsworldwideandcontributingeconomicallytolocalregions.”（遺產(chǎn)地通常是身份認(rèn)同和連續(xù)性的強(qiáng)大象征，在社區(qū)中培養(yǎng)歸屬感和民族自豪感。它們還在旅游業(yè)中發(fā)揮著重要作用，吸引著世界各地的游客，并為當(dāng)?shù)氐貐^(qū)做出經(jīng)濟(jì)貢獻(xiàn)。）這里明確提到了遺產(chǎn)地在當(dāng)代對(duì)于培養(yǎng)身份認(rèn)同、民族自豪感以及促進(jìn)旅游業(yè)和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的作用。選項(xiàng)B（Theycontributetocontemporarysocietythroughtourism,education,andidentity）概括了這些當(dāng)代益處。13.答案：A解析思路：“Illicit”意為“非法的，不道德的”。文章第三段提到，“Furthermore,humanactivities,includingwar,illicittraffickingofculturalobjects,pollution,andunsustainabledevelopmentpractices,posesevereriskstothepreservationofheritage.”（此外，人類活動(dòng)，包括戰(zhàn)爭、非法走私文化物品、污染和不可持續(xù)的開發(fā)實(shí)踐，對(duì)遺產(chǎn)的保護(hù)構(gòu)成嚴(yán)重風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。）這里的語境是指“非法走私文化物品”（illicittraffickingofculturalobjects）對(duì)遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)構(gòu)成風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。選項(xiàng)A（Illegal）與“illicit”在此處的含義最接近。14.答案：D解析思路：文章最后一段指出，保護(hù)文化遺產(chǎn)需要“governments,localcommunities,internationalorganizations,andtheprivatesector.”（政府、地方社區(qū)、國際組織和私營部門。）其中，“l(fā)ocalcommunities”（地方社區(qū)）在文中被明確列為參與保護(hù)努力的關(guān)鍵群體之一。選項(xiàng)DLocalcommunities與原文信息一致。15.答案：E解析思路：文章第三段提到，“Theincreasingglobalizationandassociatedculturalhomogenizationalsothreatensthediversityofintangibleculturaltraditions.”（日益增長的全球化和相關(guān)的文化同質(zhì)化也威脅著非物質(zhì)文化傳統(tǒng)的多樣性。）這里明確指出，全球化（increasingglobalization）威脅到的是