2025年高考真題PAGEPAGE1絕密★本科目考試啟用前2025年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試(北京卷)英語共100分。考試時(shí)長90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答,在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),30分)第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分)閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。At15,Iexcelledacademicallyyetfeltovershadowedandunnoticed.The____1____tostandoutconsumedme,pushingmetowardsaregrettabledecision.Oneday,duringaclassintheITlabwithmyclassmates,ourteachermentionedmissingcomputerparts.____2____looksexchanged,everyonewonderedhowitcouldhappenina(n)____3____lab.“It’spossibletoopenthatlockwithanotherkey,”Isaid.Instantly,eyesturnedtomewithnewfoundinterestandcuriosity.ItwasarushIhadneverexperiencedbefore.Enjoyingalltheeyesonme,I____4____howtoopenthelock.LittledidIrealizethatsinglemomentwouldruineverything.Thefollowingday,calledtotheheadmaster’soffice,Ifoundmyselfaccusedofstealingthemissingparts.“Ididn’tdoit,sir,”Iargued,butsuspicion____5____hiseyes.Hisrepeated____6____intensified,pushingmetotheedgeoffearandtears.Inadesperateattempttoescapethemountingpressure,I____7____confessed(承認(rèn)).Theheadmasteraskedmyfathertocometoschool,whoseshakyfaithinmebroughtamixofreliefand____8____.MyfathergentlyaskedmeifIunderstoodthegravityofmyactions.____9____,Iconfessedmymisguidedlongingforrecognition.Intheheadmaster’soffice,myfatherlistenedattentively,andthenspokewithquietauthority:“Itrustmyson.Heisnotathief.”Withmyfather’ssupport,Ilearnedavaluablelesson:____10____cannotbeforced;truerecognitioncomesfromhonourableacts.1.A.promise B.competition C.desire D.hesitation2.A.Curious B.Hopeful C.Distant D.Envious3.A.expensive B.locked C.modern D.abandoned4A.discovered B.recommended C.demonstrated D.imagined5.A.caught B.clouded C.hurt D.brightened6.A.questioning B.reminding C.complaining D.requesting7.A.warmly B.readily C.randomly D.falsely8.A.pride B.patience C.shame D.surprise9.A.Generously B.Tearfully C.Carelessly D.Strangely10.A.tolerance B.gratitude C.sympathy D.attention【答案】1.C2.A3.B4.C5.B6.A7.D8.C9.B10.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了15歲的作者為了引起關(guān)注分享開鎖方法，卻被懷疑偷電腦零件，在校長逼問下作者被迫承認(rèn)，最后父親表示相信作者，作者也明白了真正的認(rèn)可來自高尚行為的道理?！?題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：引起注意的欲望吞噬著我，促使我做出了一個(gè)令人遺憾的決定。A.promise承諾；B.competition競爭；C.desire欲望；D.hesitation猶豫。根據(jù)前文“At15,Iexcelledacademicallyyetfeltovershadowedandunnoticed.”可知，作者學(xué)業(yè)優(yōu)秀卻感覺不被關(guān)注，所以有引起注意的欲望。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：大家交換著好奇的眼神，都想知道在一個(gè)鎖著的實(shí)驗(yàn)室里怎么會(huì)發(fā)生這種事。A.Curious好奇的；B.Hopeful有希望的；C.Distant遙遠(yuǎn)的；D.Envious嫉妒的。根據(jù)后文“everyonewonderedhowitcouldhappen”可知，大家對(duì)電腦零件丟失這件事感到好奇。故選A項(xiàng)。【3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：大家交換著好奇的眼神，都想知道在一個(gè)鎖著的實(shí)驗(yàn)室里怎么會(huì)發(fā)生這種事。A.expensive昂貴的；B.locked鎖著的；C.modern現(xiàn)代的；D.abandoned廢棄的。根據(jù)后文“It’spossibletoopenthatlockwithanotherkey”可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)室是鎖著的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：享受著所有人的目光，我演示了如何開鎖。A.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.recommended推薦；C.demonstrated演示；D.imagined想象。根據(jù)前文作者的話“It’spossibletoopenthatlockwithanotherkey”和“Instantly,eyesturnedtomewithnewfoundinterestandcuriosity.”可知，作者知道如何用其它鑰匙開鎖，為了享受大家的關(guān)注，所以演示了開鎖方法。故選C項(xiàng)。【5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我沒做，先生，”我爭辯道，但他的眼中充滿了懷疑。A.caught抓住；B.clouded使模糊，籠罩，顯得陰沉（或恐懼、憤怒等）；C.hurt傷害；D.brightened使明亮。根據(jù)前文“Ifoundmyselfaccusedofstealingthemissingparts.”可知，校長懷疑作者，懷疑的神色籠罩在他眼中，眼中顯示出懷疑的神色。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他反復(fù)的詢問加劇了，把我逼到了恐懼和流淚的邊緣。A.questioning詢問；B.reminding提醒；C.complaining抱怨；D.requesting請(qǐng)求。根據(jù)前文“Hisrepeated”和后文“pushingmetotheedgeoffearandtears”可知，校長反復(fù)詢問作者，讓作者感到害怕。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：為了擺脫不斷增加的壓力，我謊稱自己有罪。A.warmly熱情地；B.readily樂意地；C.randomly隨機(jī)地；D.falsely錯(cuò)誤地，不實(shí)地。根據(jù)前文“Ididn’tdoit,sir”可知，作者沒偷東西，結(jié)合“Inadesperateattempttoescapethemountingpressure”可知，作者為了擺脫壓力，所以虛假地承認(rèn)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：校長請(qǐng)父親來學(xué)校一趟，他對(duì)我不太堅(jiān)定的信任讓我既感到一絲寬慰，又覺得羞愧難當(dāng)。A.pride驕傲；B.patience耐心；C.shame羞愧；D.surprise驚訝。根據(jù)前文“Inadesperateattempttoescapethemountingpressure,I___7____confessed(承認(rèn)).”和“Theheadmasteraskedmyfathertocometoschool”可知，作者被迫承認(rèn)偷了東西，現(xiàn)在校長請(qǐng)來了父親。結(jié)合常識(shí)，父親的到來會(huì)帶給處于困境中的作者一絲寬慰，但同時(shí)，作者也會(huì)因自己為了引起關(guān)注而犯下的錯(cuò)誤感到羞愧。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我淚流滿面地承認(rèn)了自己對(duì)認(rèn)可的錯(cuò)誤渴望。A.Generously慷慨地；B.Tearfully含淚地；C.Carelessly粗心地；D.Strangely奇怪地。根據(jù)前文“pushingmetotheedgeoffearandtears”和“Inadesperateattempttoescapethemountingpressure,I___7___confessed(承認(rèn)).”可知，作者因?yàn)楹ε潞臀鳒I了，并被迫承認(rèn)偷了東西。父親來時(shí)，作者是含淚承認(rèn)自己為了引起關(guān)注而犯下的錯(cuò)誤。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有了父親的支持，我學(xué)到了寶貴的一課：關(guān)注不能強(qiáng)求；真正的認(rèn)可來自高尚的行為。A.tolerance容忍；B.gratitude感激；C.sympathy同情；D.attention關(guān)注。根據(jù)前文“At15,Iexcelledacademicallyyetfeltovershadowedandunnoticed.”可知，作者一直渴望得到關(guān)注，所以這里說關(guān)注不能強(qiáng)求。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分)A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。Mostdaysafterschool,IlovewalkingintheforestwithmydogNick.It’s____11____(peace),especiallyaroundsunset.Nickhasafuntimesmellingtheleavesandrunningafterrabbits.WhenNickrunsahead,Ihearhimbarkingexcitedly.Isometimescallhimback,worriedthathemighthavesomeone____12____(scare).Thetruth,though,is____13____couldbeguessed—there’sneveranyoneelsehere.Justme,Nick,andthequietforest.【答案】11.peaceful12.scared13.what【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者大多數(shù)放學(xué)后和狗Nick在森林散步的時(shí)光。【11題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：這里很寧靜，尤其是在日落時(shí)分。“is”后接形容詞作表語，“peace”的形容詞形式是“peaceful”，意為“寧靜的”。故填peaceful?！?2題詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：我有時(shí)會(huì)把他叫回來，擔(dān)心他可能會(huì)嚇到別人?！癶avesb.done”表示“使某人被……”，“someone”與“scare”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，即某人被嚇到，用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。故填scared?！?3題詳析】考查表語從句引導(dǎo)詞。句意：不過，真相正如所料——這里從來沒有其他人?！癷s”后接表語從句，從句中缺少主語，指物，用what引導(dǎo)，what在從句中作主語，意為“……的事情”。故填what。B閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。Whenwasthelasttimeyoutookonatoughchoice?Maybethismorningyoudebatedwhethertogetuporstayinbedslightly____14____(long).Makingchoicesispartoflife.Bythetimeyoubrushedyourteeth,you____15____(make)severaldecisionsevenwithoutnoticing.Somechoicesarequick,whileotherstakemorethought.Usually,betteroutcomes____16____(achieve)throughathoroughunderstandingofstrategieslikerisktolerance.【答案】14.longer15.hadmade16.areachieved【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了做選擇是生活的一部分及如何做出更好的選擇?！?4題詳析】考查比較級(jí)。句意：也許今天早上你還在糾結(jié)是起床還是多睡一會(huì)兒。此處表示“多睡一會(huì)兒”，應(yīng)用比較級(jí)longer，表示“更久”。故填longer。【15題詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)你刷牙的時(shí)候，你甚至在不知不覺中已經(jīng)做了好幾個(gè)決定。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“Bythetimeyoubrushedyourteeth”可知，此處表示在過去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)，謂語用hadmade。故填hadmade?！?6題詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：通常，通過充分了解風(fēng)險(xiǎn)承受能力等策略，可以取得更好的結(jié)果。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“Usually”可知，此處表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語betteroutcomes和動(dòng)詞achieve“實(shí)現(xiàn)”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)；主語betteroutcomes是復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用are。故填areachieved。C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。When____17____(travel),weengagewithculturesandexperiences.However,accordingtoareportbytheWorldWildlifeFund,tourists____18____(leave)over1.3billiontonsoffoodwastelastyear,____19____accountedforabout8%ofthetotalglobalgasreleasein2024.Toreduceourimpact,wecantakesimplesteps:emptythefridgebeforeheadingout,andchoosesustainablediningoptions.Theseeffortshelpustravelmoreresponsibly.Afterall,exploringtheworldshouldn’tcome____20____theplanet’sexpense.【答案】17.traveling18.left19.which20.at【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章指出旅行時(shí)人們會(huì)接觸不同文化和經(jīng)歷，但據(jù)世界野生動(dòng)物基金會(huì)報(bào)告，去年游客產(chǎn)生大量食物垃圾，對(duì)全球氣體排放有影響。為減少影響，人們可采取如出發(fā)前清空冰箱、選擇可持續(xù)餐飲等簡單措施，強(qiáng)調(diào)探索世界不應(yīng)以犧牲地球?yàn)榇鷥r(jià)?！?7題詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：旅行時(shí)，我們接觸不同文化和體驗(yàn)不同經(jīng)歷。句子主語“we”與“travel”之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞，構(gòu)成“when+現(xiàn)在分詞”的狀語從句省略結(jié)構(gòu)。故填traveling?！?8題詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：然而，根據(jù)世界野生動(dòng)物基金會(huì)的一份報(bào)告，去年游客產(chǎn)生了超過13億噸的食物垃圾，這約占2024年全球氣體排放總量的8%。根據(jù)“l(fā)astyear”可知，描述過去發(fā)生的事情，用一般過去時(shí)，“l(fā)eave”的過去式是“l(fā)eft”。故填left?！?9題詳析】考查定語從句關(guān)系代詞。句意：然而，根據(jù)世界野生動(dòng)物基金會(huì)的一份報(bào)告，去年游客留下了超過13億噸的食物垃圾，約占2024年全球氣體排放總量的8%。此句為非限制性定語從句，先行詞是“1.3billiontonsoffoodwaste”，指物，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，用which引導(dǎo)。故填which?！?0題詳析】考查固定搭配。句意：畢竟，探索世界不應(yīng)以犧牲地球?yàn)榇鷥r(jià)。atone’sexpense“以……為代價(jià)”是固定搭配。故填at。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分,共28分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AJoinusforTransForm,theinteractivesummercampthathelpsyouteensfindyourpassionbyparticipatinginvariousactivitiesandconnectingwithothers.ExperienceTransFormTransFormallowsyoutogettofocusonyourchosentrackthroughsubjectmattertalks,hands-onworkshops,andoff-siteexperiences.However,ifyouareunsurewhattrackyouwant,youstillgettoexploreanyworkshopyouwantaspartofourExploreWorkshops.Besides,yourparentswillalsobeabletoparticipateinworkshopsselectedjustforthemtolearnaboutcutting-edgescience.ScheduleofProgramming17JulyTimeActivities14:00-15:00LeadtoChangeKick-off15:00-16:30ProgrammeShowcase16:30-18:00TrackWorkshops18JulyTimeActivities9:30-11:00CareerFiresideChats13:00-14:15YouthPanel14:15-16:20TrackKeynotes19JulyTimeActivities8:00-12:00Off-siteExperiences13:00-15:00GalleryViewing15:15-16:45AdultWorkshops20JulyTimeActivities9:00-11:15ExploreWorkshops13:30-16:00KeynoteSpeech16:15-17:00CelebrationProgrammingTracks·AgriculturalScience:Introducingyoutoareassuchasbiology,urbanfarming,andenvironmentalsciencesothatyoucanexplorethefieldofagriculture·CommunityBooster:Guidingyoutodevelopinnovativesolutionsforreal-worldchallengesandcreatetransformativeprogresstobenefitallcommunities·HealthyLiving:Empoweringyoutomakehealthydecisionsinsuchareasasnutritionandemotionalwell-beingandleadhealthylifestyles·ScienceLab:Leadingyoutoexploretheskillsyouneedtosucceedinlifeinkeyareaslikecomputerscience,robotics,andphysics21.TransFormallowstheteensto____________.A.selectworkshopsfortheirparents B.preparetracktopicsforthecampC.designprogrammeactivities D.attendhands-onsessions22.Accordingtotheschedule,whichactivitycantheteensparticipatein?A.KeynoteSpeechon17July. B.YouthPanelon18July.C.Celebrationon19July. D.ProgrammeShowcaseon20July.23.WhatcantheteensdointheProgrammingTracks?A.Buildurbancommunities. B.Serveasguidesonafarm.C.Learnabouthealthyliving. D.Volunteerinasciencelab.【答案】21.D22.B23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了青少年互動(dòng)夏令營TransForm的相關(guān)信息，包括活動(dòng)體驗(yàn)、日程安排以及課程方向等內(nèi)容?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ExperienceTransForm”部分“TransFormallowsyoutogettofocusonyourchosentrackthroughsubjectmattertalks,hands-onworkshops,andoff-siteexperiences.(TransForm讓你通過主題演講、實(shí)踐工作坊和實(shí)地體驗(yàn)，專注于你選擇的方向)”可知，TransForm允許青少年參加實(shí)踐課程。故選D?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ScheduleofProgramming”中的安排，18July的活動(dòng)安排里有“13:00-14:15YouthPanel(13:00-14:15青少年小組討論)”，所以青少年可以在18日參加青少年小組討論活動(dòng)。故選B?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ProgrammingTracks”部分“HealthyLiving:Empoweringyoutomakehealthydecisionsinsuchareasasnutritionandemotionalwell-being,andleadhealthylifestyles(健康生活：讓你在營養(yǎng)和心理健康等方面做出健康的決定，并引領(lǐng)健康的生活方式)”可知，青少年在ProgrammingTracks中可以學(xué)習(xí)關(guān)于健康生活的知識(shí)。故選C。BThroughoutourJunioryear,myclassmatesandIhavebeenworriedaboutwhatcollegeswillseewhentheylookatourwholelifestoryreducedtoasingle200-wordessay.Willthegoldenword“success”formintheirmindswhentheyreviewourachievements?Orwilltheyseethebigword“fail”inred?Theshadowofthismysterious(神秘的)institutionstealsawaywhatsuccessmeanstous.Myfirststepofredefiningsuccessbeganwithcourseregistrations.Itisawell-knownfact,especiallyinmyschool,thatJunioryearisthetimeofpackingmanyAPclassesintotheschedule.WhenaskedwhytheychosesomanyAPclasses,myfriendsresponded:“Idon’tknow.”Theythemselvesdon’tknowwhytheyarefollowingthecrowdandlongingforthepressuresofacademicdifficulty.Therefore,theydonotfeelthesatisfactionofbeingacademicallychallenged.CompletingmanycoursesnolongerbringsoutthefeelingofsuccessbecausemorethanfourAPclassesperyearisanormsetbytopuniversities.Determinedtofollowmyinstincts(本能)onwhatIfeltsuccessmeans,IonlychosetwoclassesthatIknewIwouldenjoy.ThefeelingofsuccesswasnolongerattachedtowhatgradeIreceivedbuttothepurejoyoflearning.Evenmyfailuresareattachedtoafeelingofsuccess;afterItakeastepbackandlookatthebigpicture,Iseethemasalaunchingpad(平臺(tái))formynextbigachievement.Intheninthgrade,Iwentinformyfirstgroupinterviewforaleadershippositionasashygirl.Notstandingachanceagainstcompetitiveapplicants,Icameoutoftheinterviewwithanupsetlook.Nevertheless,thisinterviewwasn’tawastedopportunity.Italkedtooneoftheseniorapplicantswhoansweredquestionsinawaythatreflectedthefaithshehadinherself.Thisyear,withanopenmindandnewknowledgeinmind,IwalkedintoanothergroupinterviewwhiletellingmyselfIwasthatcoolsenior.Imanagedtosecurealeadershipposition.Ultimately,successcamelittlebylittle.24.ThroughouttheJunioryear,whatwastheauthor’smajorconcern?A.PressurefromchoosingAPclasses. B.Performanceingroupinterviews.C.Competitionwithseniors. D.Recognitionbycolleges.25.TheauthorchosefewerAPclassesbecauseof_______.A.herownunderstandingofsuccess B.herdesireforacademicchallengesC.herstrongurgetofollowthecrowd D.herdreamofenteringatopuniversity26.Whichwouldbestdescribetheauthor’sfirstgroupinterview?A.Dignifying. B.Rewarding. C.Engaging. D.Relaxing.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Everyoneisthemakeroftheirownsuccess.B.Successfavoursthosewithagoldenheart.C.Successknocksatyourdooronlyonce.D.Acollegeholdsthekeytosuccess.【答案】24.D25.A26.B27.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講述了作者在高三時(shí)對(duì)大學(xué)申請(qǐng)和成功定義的反思，不再盲目追隨他人選擇大量AP課程，而是基于個(gè)人興趣選課，并從失敗的小組面試中學(xué)習(xí)，通過自我調(diào)整最終獲得領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職位。【24題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“ThroughoutourJunioryear,myclassmatesandIhavebeenworriedaboutwhatcollegeswillseewhentheylookatourwholelifestoryreducedtoasingle200-wordessay.Willthegoldenword“success”formintheirmindswhentheyreviewourachievements?Orwilltheyseethebigword“fail”inred?(在整個(gè)高三期間，我和我的同學(xué)們一直擔(dān)心，當(dāng)大學(xué)將我們的整個(gè)人生故事濃縮成一篇200字的短文時(shí)，他們會(huì)看到什么。當(dāng)他們回顧我們的成就時(shí)，腦海中會(huì)浮現(xiàn)出‘成功’這個(gè)金燦燦的詞匯嗎？還是會(huì)看到用紅色標(biāo)注的‘失敗’這個(gè)醒目的大字？)”可知，作者在高三年級(jí)主要擔(dān)心的是大學(xué)對(duì)他們的認(rèn)可。故選D。【25題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Determinedtofollowmyinstincts(本能)onwhatIfeltsuccessmeans,IonlychosetwoclassesthatIknewIwouldenjoy.(我決心追隨自己對(duì)成功的直覺理解，只選擇了兩門我確信自己會(huì)喜歡的課程。)”可知，作者選擇較少的AP課程是因?yàn)樗约簩?duì)成功的理解。故選A?！?6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Nevertheless,thisinterviewwasn’tawastedopportunity.Italkedtooneoftheseniorapplicantswhoansweredquestionsinawaythatreflectedthefaithshehadinherself.(然而，這次面試并不是一次浪費(fèi)的機(jī)會(huì)。我和一位高年級(jí)的申請(qǐng)者交談，她回答問題的方式反映了她對(duì)自己的信心。)”以及最后一段中“Thisyear,withanopenmindandnewknowledgeinmind,IwalkedintoanothergroupinterviewwhiletellingmyselfIwasthatcoolsenior.Imanagedtosecurealeadershipposition.Ultimately,successcamelittlebylittle.(今年，我?guī)е_放的心態(tài)和新的知識(shí)，再次走進(jìn)集體面試的現(xiàn)場，告訴自己我就是那位自信滿滿的高年級(jí)學(xué)生。最終，我成功獲得了一個(gè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職位。成功，就這樣一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)地向我走來。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為第一次面試是有收獲的，因?yàn)樗屪髡邚闹袑W(xué)到了東西，并影響了她后來的面試表現(xiàn)。故選B?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第三段中“Determinedtofollowmyinstincts(本能)onwhatIfeltsuccessmeans,IonlychosetwoclassesthatIknewIwouldenjoy.(我決心追隨自己對(duì)成功的直覺理解，只選擇了兩門我確信自己會(huì)喜歡的課程。)”以及最后一段中“Thisyear,withanopenmindandnewknowledgeinmind,IwalkedintoanothergroupinterviewwhiletellingmyselfIwasthatcoolsenior.Imanagedtosecurealeadershipposition.Ultimately,successcamelittlebylittle.(今年，我?guī)е_放的心態(tài)和新的知識(shí)，再次走進(jìn)集體面試的現(xiàn)場，告訴自己我就是那位自信滿滿的高年級(jí)學(xué)生。最終，我成功獲得了一個(gè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職位。成功，就這樣一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)地向我走來。)”可知，作者通過自己的經(jīng)歷表明，成功并非由大學(xué)或外界標(biāo)準(zhǔn)定義，而是源于自我認(rèn)知與努力?！癊veryoneisthemakeroftheirownsuccess.(每個(gè)人都是自己成功的創(chuàng)造者。)”符合題意。故選A。CNottoolongago,onacoldwinternight,therewasateenagerwhowantedmorescreentimeandaparentwhosaidno.Theteenagerwasadvocatingforherrighttoscroll(翻屏)foranextra30minutes.Theparentarguedthatnoneofherfriends’parentsletthemhavescreensafter9o’clock.“Ithought,inthisfamily,wedon’tcompareourselveswithotherpeople,Dad?”theteenagerreplied.Theparent—whowasme,bytheway—justgotserved.Sincetheywereyoung,Ihavetoldmykidsnottocomparethemselveswithotherpeople.Ihavearguedcountlesstimesthatcomparisonsarethe“thiefofjoy”.Althoughmydaughterdidn’twin,shedidhelpexposeoneoftheworstpiecesofadviceIhaveevergiven.Inmydefence,Ididwhatwe’vealldonebefore,whichistorepeatreceivedwisdomwithoutexploringthenuances.Butnowisthetimetosettherecordstraight,whichstartswithquestioningtheideathatallsocialcomparisonisunhealthy.Socialcomparisonsdo,ofcourse,oftengetusintoemotionaltrouble.Buttheycanbeharnessed(利用)forourbettermentifweunderstandhowtheywork.Thesocialcomparisonswemake—onesthatleadustofeelgoodorbadaboutourselves—arevitaltoourabilitytothrive(成長).Scienceprovidesaguidewecanusetoharnessthewayweperformthesecomparisonstoreducetheirnegativeemotionalimpacts.Comparingyourselfwithsomeonewhoisoutperformingyoucouldresultinfeelingsofenvyifyoufocusonthethingstheyhaveandyoudon’t,oritcanbeenergizingandinspiringifyouusethesecomparisonsasasourceofmotivation,forexample,“Iftheycanachievethat,socanI.”Comparingyourselfwithsomeonewhoisdoingworsethanyoucouldresultinfearandworryifyouthinkabouthowyoucouldfallintosimilarcircumstances,oritcandrawoutfeelingsofgratitudeandappreciationifyouusethatcomparisontobroadenyourviews—forexample,“Wow,thingscouldbemuchworse;I’mdoinggreat.”WhatIwishItaughtmydaughterearlierarethesenuances.Howwefeelaboutourselvesrestsnotjustonwhomwecompareourselveswithbutalsoonhowwethinkaboutthatcomparison.That’ssomethingweallhavecontrolover.28.Howdidtheauthorfeelabouthisdaughter’sargument?A.Excited. B.Inspired. C.Energized. D.Relieved.29.Whatdoestheword“nuances”underlinedinParagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Majorachievements. B.Complexfeelings.C.Significantimpacts. D.Finedifferences.30.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ComparingOurselveswithOthersCanBecomeaHealthyHabitB.ComparingOurselveswithOthersCanStrengthenFamilyTiesC.SocialComparisonsCanGetUsintoEmotionalTroubleD.SocialComparisonsCanBeControlledbyScience【答案】28.B29.D30.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過講述自己和女兒關(guān)于能否延長看屏幕時(shí)間的爭論，引出對(duì)社會(huì)比較這一觀念的思考，指出并非所有社會(huì)比較都不健康，若理解其原理，可加以利用促進(jìn)自我提升。【28題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Althoughmydaughterdidn’twin,shedidhelpexposeoneoftheworstpiecesofadviceIhaveevergiven.(雖然我女兒沒有贏，但她確實(shí)幫助揭露了我曾經(jīng)給出的最糟糕的建議之一。)”以及后文作者對(duì)社會(huì)比較的重新思考可知，作者從女兒的爭論中得到了啟發(fā)。故選B?！?9題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“

Inmydefence,Ididwhatwe’vealldonebefore,whichisrepeatreceivedwisdomwithoutexploringthe

nuances.Butnowisthetimetosettherecordstraight,whichstartswithquestioningtheideathatallsocialcomparisonisunhealthy.(為自己辯護(hù)一下，我做了我們所有人都做過的事，就是重復(fù)那些大家都認(rèn)可的觀點(diǎn)，卻沒有探究其中的____。但現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候糾正這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)了，首先要質(zhì)疑所有社會(huì)比較都是不健康的這一想法。)”可知，作者之前只是重復(fù)普遍觀點(diǎn)，沒有深入探究不同情況，現(xiàn)在要重新審視，所以“nuances”意思可能是“細(xì)微差別”。故選D?！?0題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Socialcomparisonsdo,ofcourse,oftengetusintoemotionaltrouble.Buttheycanbeharnessed(利用)forourbettermentifweunderstandhowtheywork.(當(dāng)然，社會(huì)比較常常會(huì)給我們帶來情感困擾。但如果我們了解其運(yùn)作原理，就可以利用它們來提升自我。)”，以及第四段“Comparingyourselfwithsomeonewhoisoutperformingyoucouldresultinfeelingsofenvyifyoufocusonthethingstheyhaveandyoudon’t,oritcanbeenergizingandinspiringifyouusethesecomparisonsasasourceofmotivation(如果你關(guān)注那些比你表現(xiàn)出色的人所擁有而你沒有的東西，與他們比較可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致嫉妒之情；但如果你將這些比較作為動(dòng)力來源，它也可以讓你充滿活力并受到鼓舞)”等內(nèi)容，表明了社會(huì)比較并非全然有害，若運(yùn)用得當(dāng)可成為健康習(xí)慣，助力個(gè)人發(fā)展。所以選項(xiàng)A“與他人比較可以成為一種健康的習(xí)慣”為最佳標(biāo)題，故選A。DThecallto“knowyourself”hasbeentheresinceancienttimes,butoursenseofselfdoesn’talwaysmatchwhatothersperceive.Consideringthestorieswetellaboutourselvescanhelpustochangeourmindsforbetter.Formanyyears,psychologistssawidentityasacombinationofsomeone’svalues,beliefs,goalsandsocialroles.Then,inthe1980s,BobJohnsoncreatedthelifestorymodelofidentity,inwhichheproposesthat,aswegothroughlife,thesecorefeaturesarebuiltinwithourmemoriestocreateapersonalstorythroughwhichweunderstandourlives.Ourlifestoryissomethingthatstartscomingtogetherinourteenageyears,whenwebegintoorganiseourlivesintochaptersaroundkeyeventsorlifechanges,andbegintoseeourselvesasboththecentralcharacterand,toavaryingextent,thestory’sauthor.Peoplewithmoreconsistentstoriestendtohaveastrongersenseofidentity,andtheyfeeltheirlifehasmoremeaning,directionandsenseofpurpose.Suchpeopleshowgreateroveralllifesatisfaction,too.Johnsonhasalsoinvestigatedthelinkbetweenwell-beingandcertainstorythemes.Hediscoveredthatwhethersomeonedescribeshavinghadsomecontrolovereventsintheirpastisanimportantpredictorofaperson’smentalhealth.Anotherkeythemeinvolvesfindingsomekindofpositivemeaningafterstressfulevents.“Peoplecouldtalkaboutgainingknowledgeorpersonalgrowth,”saysJohnson.Hisresearchshowsthatthisisoftenmissingforpeoplewithmentalhealthconditions.Thegoodnewsisthatthereisevidencewecanlearntochangeourownstory.LisaGreen,anotherresearcher,soundsafewnotesofcaution(謹(jǐn)慎).Forinstance,hearingaboutthepowerofredemptive(拯救性的)stories,manypeoplemayfeelforcedtofindapositiveangleonhorribleevents.ShesaysthatWesternculturealreadypushespeopletolookforthesilverliningbehindeverycloud.Ifyouwanttoturnoveranewleaf,though,onetoptipisthatithelpstochooseasignificantdatethatsignalsthestartofanew“chapter”.Contrarytopopulardoubt,resolutionsmadeonIJanuaryaremoreeffectiveforthisreason.So,whetheryourgoalissavingmoneyorgettingfit,thereisnobettertimetobecometheauthorofourowndestiny(命運(yùn)).31.Whatcanbeinferredaboutpersonalstories?A.Theyareunrelatedtohealth. B.Consistentonesleadtostress.C.Theyarerelevanttohappiness. D.Thematiconesholdbackchange.32.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Talkingaboutgainsfromfailureisnegative. B.NewYearresolutionsarewellreceived.C.TheWesttendstoovervalueoptimism. D.Socialrolesfailtobehighlighted.33.Whatdoestheauthormainlydointhispassage?A.Clarifyagoal. B.Analyseanevent.C.Makeacomparison. D.Illustrateanapproach.34.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?AHowself-identityworks. B.Howstory-tellersaremade.C.Howpersonalstoriesraisedoubts. D.Howtimingaffectspersonalidentity.【答案】31.C32.C33.D34.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了個(gè)人故事與自我認(rèn)同、幸福感之間的關(guān)系及如何改變個(gè)人故事。【31題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Peoplewithmoreconsistentstoriestendtohaveastrongersenseofidentity,andtheyfeeltheirlifehasmoremeaning,directionandsenseofpurpose.Suchpeopleshowgreateroveralllifesatisfaction,too.(擁有更一致故事的人往往有更強(qiáng)的身份認(rèn)同感，他們覺得自己的生活更有意義、更有方向、更有目標(biāo)感。這樣的人總體上對(duì)生活的滿意度也更高。)”可知，個(gè)人故事與幸福感相關(guān)。故選C?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“ShesaysthatWesternculturealreadypushespeopletolookforthesilverliningbehindeverycloud.(她說，西方文化已經(jīng)促使人們?cè)诿恳黄瑸踉票澈髮ふ乙痪€希望。)”可推知，西方傾向于過度重視樂觀主義。故選C。【33題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段“Thecallto“knowyourself”hasbeentheresinceancienttimes,butoursenseofselfdoesn’talwaysmatchwhatothersperceive.Consideringthestorieswetellaboutourselvescanhelpustochangeourmindsforbetter.(“認(rèn)識(shí)你自己”這一呼吁自古便有，但我們對(duì)自己的認(rèn)知并不總是與他人對(duì)我們的看法相吻合。思考我們講述的關(guān)于自己的故事，能幫助我們以更好的方式改變自己的想法。)”和第二段中“Then,inthe1980s,BobJohnsoncreatedthelifestorymodelofidentity,inwhichheproposesthat,aswegothroughlife,thesecorefeaturesarebuiltinwithourmemoriestocreateapersonalstorythroughwhichweunderstandourlives.(然后，在20世紀(jì)80年代，鮑勃·約翰遜創(chuàng)造了身份的生活故事模型，他提出，在我們的一生中，這些核心特征與我們的記憶一起構(gòu)建了一個(gè)個(gè)人故事，我們通過這個(gè)故事來理解我們的生活。)”以及第四段中“Johnsonhasalsoinvestigatedthelinkbetweenwell-beingandcertainstorythemes.(約翰遜還研究了幸福感與某些故事主題之間的聯(lián)系。)”可推知，文章主要闡述了個(gè)人故事與自我認(rèn)同、幸福感之間的關(guān)系，并舉例說明了如何通過改變個(gè)人故事來影響自我認(rèn)同和幸福感，因此作者主要是在闡述一種方法。故選D?！?4題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Thecallto“knowyourself”hasbeentheresinceancienttimes,butoursenseofselfdoesn’talwaysmatchwhatothersperceive.Consideringthestorieswetellaboutourselvescanhelpustochangeourmindsforbetter.(“認(rèn)識(shí)你自己”這一呼吁自古便有，但我們對(duì)自己的認(rèn)知并不總是與他人對(duì)我們的看法相吻合。思考我們講述的關(guān)于自己的故事，能幫助我們以更好的方式改變自己的想法。)”和第二段中“Then,inthe1980s,BobJohnsoncreatedthelifestorymodelofidentity,inwhichheproposesthat,aswegothroughlife,thesecorefeaturesarebuiltinwithourmemoriestocreateapersonalstorythroughwhichweunderstandourlives.(然后，在20世紀(jì)80年代，鮑勃·約翰遜創(chuàng)造了身份的生活故事模型，他提出，在我們的一生中，這些核心特征與我們的記憶一起構(gòu)建了一個(gè)個(gè)人故事，我們通過這個(gè)故事來理解我們的生活。)”以及第四段中“Johnsonhasalsoinvestigatedthelinkbetweenwell-beingandcertainstorythemes.(約翰遜還研究了幸福感與某些故事主題之間的聯(lián)系。)”可推知，全文圍繞“個(gè)人生活故事如何構(gòu)建自我認(rèn)知并影響幸福感”展開，分析了其形成、作用及相關(guān)研究?！癏owself-identityworks.(自我認(rèn)同是如何運(yùn)作的。)”符合文意。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whatisadulthood?Societiesallovertheworldviewtheconceptofanadultasself-supportingandself-directed,becauseitidentifiesapointinthelifecycle.AsAliceBlackpointsout,today’sparents’fearoflettingkidsdomorehouseworkhasaddedtotheirinabilitytofeelcompetentand,thus,confidentinthemselves.PsychologistRobertTurnerwroteaboutthisinhisbook,TheLifeCycle,mentioningastagewhenkidslearnself-directionandmastery.____35____ButTurner’sothercyclesarejustasimportant.____36____Iftheselifecyclesaredelayed,interrupted,ordenied,youfeelincapableofaccessingyourstatesofself,controllingunpleasantfeelings,andmanipulating(操控)theenergythatputstogetherthefabricofyourinnerworld.Turnerwiselysaidthat“doingwell”psychologicallyisbeingabletorollwiththeflowofemotions,managethem,communicateclearlyandwellwithothers,andmastervariousskills.Thisrequiresaninternallocus(核心)ofcontrol,whichimpliesself-controlofyourthoughts,feelings,andactions.____37____You’reself-directedandnotreliantontheworldtotellyouwhoyouare.Andyouknowwhoyouarewithinallthis.So,beinganadultisn’tjustholdingajob.Beinganadultisabouthavingarootedsenseofselfwhilebeingcapableofidentifyingandmanagingyouremotionsandactions.____38____Weareasocialspecies,sothisisimportant.Whileraisinganadultisaparent’sjob,it’salsoourresponsibilityasasocietytoensurethatwesupportschoolsthatnurture(培養(yǎng))emotionalandidentitydevelopment.____39____A.It’salsoourjobtosupportadultswhoneedhelprepairingincompletelife