考向42任務(wù)型閱讀之閱讀還原

（2022?廣西柳州?中考真題）Doestalkinginfrontofpeoplemakeyoushy?Ifso,youarenotalone.

Manypeopleintheworldsufferfromshynessandwanttochangethissituation.]Herearesome

tipsforyou.

Findoutthecauseofyourshyness.Doyoubeeshyinfrontofnewlisteners?Pleasetrytofindoutthe

thoughtsthatgothroughyourheadbeforetheshynesscsout.You'reokaybeingaroundyourfamily,right?

Arctheydifferentfromthestrangersaroundyou?Ofcoursenot.2

Placeyourattentiononothers.Formostofus,whenwethinkwewillfeelnervousifwespeakupor

standout,webeeshy.3_Whenyoustoppayingattentionloyourself,youslopworryingaboutyour

performance（表現(xiàn)）.

4Youhavegotusedtohearingyourownvoice.Recordyourvoicepretending（假裝）lohave

conversationswithothers.Atthebeginningyou'llfeellikeanactor,butsoonitwillbeeahabit.Afterdoing

itforsonictime,youwillbeabletovoiceyouropinionsbravely.

Stopparingyourselftoothers.Themoreyoupareyourselftoothers,themoreyouwillfeelshy

becauseyoutnaythinkyouarenotgoodenough.5Everyoneelsemusthavehisownconfidence

problemstoo.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從下列七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

A.Listentoyourownvoice.

B.Practisespeakingloudlytoyourself.

C.That'swhyyoushouldnoticeothersinstead.

D.Trynottothinkaboutyourowndisadvantages.

E.However,ittakestimeandefforttosolvetheproblem.

F.Youjustknowthembetterandwhat'smore,theyknowyouaswell.

G.Theymayneverseeyouagain,sowhydoyoucarewhatothersthinkofyou?

任務(wù)型閱讀之閱讀還原

閱讀還原題難度有所增加。但是它是英語(yǔ)中考試卷中的一個(gè)重要題型。10分的分值。閱讀還原

題可分為正文和選項(xiàng)兩個(gè)部分，正文通常是200詞左右的短文，文中有5個(gè)句子被挖空，正文后給

出六個(gè)選項(xiàng)，要求考生根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)容，選出正確的句子，填入相應(yīng)的空白處。該題型主要考

查考生對(duì)文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。總的來(lái)說(shuō)，這樣題型難度要大

于傳統(tǒng)的閱讀理解題，對(duì)學(xué)生把握文章結(jié)構(gòu)脈絡(luò)、邏輯思維能力和語(yǔ)言綜合運(yùn)用能力，有更高的要

求。

一、題型特點(diǎn)：

考查體裁有說(shuō)明文、議論文、記敘文，其中以說(shuō)明文為主。因?yàn)檎f(shuō)明文結(jié)構(gòu)比較清晰，適合考

查標(biāo)題概括、主題句、過(guò)渡句等，從而考查學(xué)生對(duì)行文結(jié)構(gòu)、脈絡(luò)層次的綜合分析能力。題型選項(xiàng)

大致可分為主旨概括句（文章整體內(nèi)容），過(guò)渡性句子（文章結(jié)構(gòu)）和注釋性句子（上下文邏輯意

義）三類。

二、解題步驟：

要做好閱讀還原題，先要使用高效、快速的解題步驟。

（一）分析選項(xiàng)，串聯(lián)主題：

在開(kāi)始解題前，了解文章的主題、大意，會(huì)讓解題的方向更明確。如果文章有標(biāo)題，標(biāo)題往往

就點(diǎn)出了文章的主題。如果文章沒(méi)有給出標(biāo)題，就需要同學(xué)們快速分析出主題。但是正文中空缺了

五處，結(jié)構(gòu)和邏輯可能被打斷。而且閱讀文章要耗費(fèi)一定時(shí)間，考場(chǎng)上需要爭(zhēng)分奪秒，所以建議同

學(xué)們直接從選項(xiàng)著手，勾畫(huà)選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞，串聯(lián)出文章主題。關(guān)鍵詞包括：名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、數(shù)

伺、代詞等。因?yàn)檎耐ǔ６际钦f(shuō)明文，選項(xiàng)中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的高頻詞、詞組，通常就是文章的說(shuō)明對(duì)

象。如果6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中沒(méi)有同一高頻詞、詞組出現(xiàn)，就把各個(gè)選項(xiàng)的核心關(guān)鍵信息進(jìn)行疊加，也可以

總結(jié)出文章的主題。

（二）研究空格前后，對(duì)比選項(xiàng)，選擇答案：

了解了文章主題，馬上開(kāi)始第二步：解答題目。此時(shí)需要回到文中，重點(diǎn)閱讀空格附近的句子,

圈定線索詞，再和選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行比對(duì)，鎖定和線索相關(guān)的選項(xiàng)，從而確定答案。如果有題目拿不準(zhǔn)，不

要把寶貴的時(shí)間耗在一道題上，在一棵樹(shù)上吊死。先放過(guò)此題，繼續(xù)往下，把容易的題目做完，再

返回來(lái)攻克難題。此時(shí)可用的備選項(xiàng)已經(jīng)縮小范圍，選擇起來(lái)難度自然小了很多。

（三）復(fù)讀短文，核對(duì)答案：

做完了所有的題目，為了保證答案的正確性，一定要把答案代入原文，進(jìn)行核對(duì)檢查?？次恼?/p>

從內(nèi)容上、邏輯上是否通順連貫，直白地說(shuō)，就是檢查文章是否讀得通、讀得懂，符合邏輯。

三、解題技巧：

六選五題型最實(shí)用的技巧有三種：線索法、結(jié)構(gòu)法和邏輯關(guān)系法。

（一）線索法

解答一道題n,首先考慮線索法，這是最簡(jiǎn)單、最好用的方法。尤其是英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)差的同學(xué)，用

好線索法，在讀不懂句子的情況下，也很有可能做對(duì)題目。線索法，就是在空格前后圈定線索詞，

然后在選項(xiàng)中查找該線索詞的原詞或同反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。線索詞主要包括代詞、名詞（尤其是時(shí)間、地

點(diǎn)、名稱等專有名詞）、數(shù)詞、動(dòng)詞等。

1、代詞指代

當(dāng)選項(xiàng)，空格前后出現(xiàn)代詞，一定要重視，絕對(duì)是解題的超級(jí)線索。出現(xiàn)代詞，就說(shuō)明前文中有代

詞指代的具體人或事物。利用這一線索，解答題FI就相當(dāng)?shù)暮?jiǎn)單。

2、詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)：

詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)包括原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)和同反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，即正確選項(xiàng)和空格前后句子有相同的詞或同反義詞相

互呼應(yīng)。抓住這些復(fù)現(xiàn)線索，題目自然迎刃而解。需要指出的是，詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)法解題十分管用，但這

并不意味著凡與上下文有復(fù)現(xiàn)詞的選項(xiàng)就一定是正確選項(xiàng)，只是正確的可能性更大，在解題過(guò)程中

需重點(diǎn)考慮或優(yōu)選考慮而己。是否為正確答案，還得將選項(xiàng)代入原文，檢驗(yàn)選項(xiàng)與上下文能否自然

銜接，只有上下銜接緊密的才是正確選項(xiàng)。

（二）結(jié)構(gòu)法：

當(dāng)文中出現(xiàn)明顯的結(jié)構(gòu)詞、詞組，或空格句在一些特殊位置，如段首、段尾等，要考慮文章、

段落的行文結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)空格句在文中所起的作用，來(lái)考慮作答。文中出現(xiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)詞、詞組：當(dāng)文中有

first,second,next,then,finally等明顯的結(jié)構(gòu)詞，圈由這些結(jié)構(gòu)詞，理清文章或段落結(jié)構(gòu)，對(duì)解題有很

大的幫助。

1、空格句在段首

⑴段落主題句：閱讀后文的內(nèi)容，推斷出段落主題，選出正確選項(xiàng)。

（2）過(guò)渡句：在后文找不到解題線索時(shí)，就要想到空格句子可能起到承上啟下的作用，試著從上一段

的結(jié)尾處尋找線索。正確選項(xiàng)通常與上一段結(jié)尾能夠自然地銜接起來(lái)。

2、空格句在段尾

tilingsmayhappenamongfamilymembersattimes.]

Learntosaythanksandsorry.Wcarcusedtosayingthanksandsorrytoothers,butoftenwedon't

dothattoourfamilymembers.2Andsayingsorrymakesthemfeelunderstood.

municatewitheachotheroften,municationcanhappeninanyplaceatanytime.Wecantalkabout

ourexperiencesandfeelingswithourfamilymembersinthecar,at（hedinnertableoron（hewayback

home.3

Sharehousework.4Sinceweliveinonehouse,weshoulddoourpartinkeepingitclean

andtidy.It'seasytohelpdochoreslikemakingthebedordoingthedishes.Inthisway,wccanunderstand

theideaoffairness.

Spendmoretimetogether.Wearebusyaroundallday,butnothingismoreimportantthanspending

limewithfamilymembers.Eithereatingmealsortravelingtogetherisagoodchoice.5

A.Helpingaroundthehousebringsfamilymembersmuchcloser.

B.Sohowcanweachievefamilyhappiness?

C.Notonlywill（hisallowustoenjoythedeeplovebutitcanalsobringusmoresweetmemories.

D.Bytalking,wecanknowwearecaringabouteachother.

E.Sayingsorryisnotverynecessary.

F.Bysayingthanks,wecanmakeourfamilymembersfeelthey'reimportant.

G.Itencouragespeopletomakehandmadegiftsfortheirlovedfamilymembers.

（2023?山東濟(jì)南?山東大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)?？家荒＃└鶕?jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處

的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Wcallknowthatexerciseisgoodfbrus,don'twe?6Justthinkingabouthavingtorunor

swimalongwaycanbeenoughtomakesomepeoplewanttoliedownandgiveup!However,didyou

knowthatexerciseisnotallaboutdoingsport?

7Movingourbodiescausesourbrainstogiveoutsomespecialchemicalsthatcreateagood

feeling.Justtenminutesofworkingoutcanleaveusfeelinghappier.Moreover,regularexercisehelpsus

feelfresherandgettosleepmoreeasily.Finally,ifweconnectourexercisewithahealthydiet,wewill

lookhealthierandfeelmoreconfidentaboutourselves.Soundslikeagooddeal,doesn'tit?

8Ifexercisehasn'tbeenpartofyourlifeforalongtime,thereisnopointtrainingfora

marathon（馬拉松）：youwillsoongiveupandgobacktoyouroldways!Walkingandridingbikesaround

thelocalparkfortenminuteseverydayaregreatwaystodevelopafitnesshabit.Chooseanactivitythat

notonlyexercisesyourbody,butthatyoualsoenjoy.Somepeoplesimplygojoggingwhilelisteningto

theirfavouritemusic.Otherstakeupactivitiessuchasdancingorplayingbasketballwiththeirfriends.

Maketheexperiencemoreenjoyableasyouworkout.9

Itdoesn'tmatterhowmuchweexercise.Doingregularexerciseisivtjustaboutappearance.

10Whowouldn'twantthat?

A.Startsmall!

B.Thatway,you'llnevergiveitup!

C.It'saboutbeinghealthierandfeelinghappier.

D.Forastart,exerciseisnotjustaboutthebody.

E.Butwealsoknowthatnoteverybodylovesdoingit.

F.Ifyoudon'texercisefbralongtime,itwillbeuseless.

G.Keepingadietisanotherwaytokeepourbodyinagoodcondition.

（2023?江蘇宿遷?統(tǒng)考一模）閱讀短文，從短文后選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩

項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

cvctyonc.Whatfeet.It'snotalwayseasytogetalongwitheveryone.Whatshould\vcdowhen\vchurt

someone'sfeelings?11

Whyapologize（道歉）？

Sayingyou'resorryismorethanjustwords.You'realsosayingthatyoucareabouthisorherfeelings.

Afterapologizing,youwillfeelalittlebetter.Theotherpersonprobablywill,too.

Whatdoesanapologysoundlike?12Herearesomeexamples:

I'msorryIlostyourbook.

namcs.Irazy,butIshouldn'thavecalledyounames.I'msorry.

I'mreallysorryIpushedyou.Thatwaswrong.Iwon,tdoitanymore.

Whenshouldweapologize?

Herearesometimeswhenanapologycanmakethedifference:

Ifyouhurtsomeone,evenifyoudidn'tmeanit.

13

Ifyoudidn'tkeepapromiss.

14

Someiimesaheanfelt（誠(chéng)摯的）"I'msorry"fixeseverythingrightaway.Atothertimes,itmighttakea

longtimefbrsomeonetogetpastfeelingsad.15

A.Weshouldapologize.

B.Doesapologizingfixeverything?

C.Doyouoftenhurtothers?

D.Ifyoutoldalieorbrokearule.

E.Youmayneedtogivetheotherpersonsometime.

F.Therearemanywaysloapologize.

G.Canwerefusetoapologize?

提升練

（2022?云南曲靖?統(tǒng)考一模）Theweather'sgettingcooler:thetreesareturningbrown—it'sautumn!

Whydoleavesturnyellow?

Inautumn,leavesgofromgreentoorange,red,yellowandbrown.Achemicalcalledchlorophyll（葉

綠素）playsarole.16Thisfeedsthetreeandkeepstheleavesgreen.Butasautumnes,（he

chlorophyllbeesless.Thegreencolorgoesaway,andnowwecanseetheothercolorsintheleaves.

17

Inautumn,applesaregoodfbryouandtherearelotsofotheraniiinflammaiory（抗炎的）foodstotry

aswell,suchascabbage,cauliflower（花椰菜）,garlic,peas,gingerandallkindsoflettuce.

Isitautumnorfall?

18BothofthemwereborninBritain.Whatexactlyyoushouldcallthatseasondependson

whereintheworldyouareandwhomyouask.19ButifyoutravelacrosstheAtlanticandeto

theUS,you'llfindthatAmericanpeopleusebothfallandautumnwhenreferringtothistimeofyear.

Dosomeoutdooractivities!

Autumnisaperfectseason.withafortabletemperatureforpeopletodosomeoutdoorevents.Go

hikingupthemountainorbikingdowntheroadinthecountryside.20

A.Whatarethespecialfoodsinautumn?

B.Icansmellautumndancinginthebreeze.

C.Justgiveyourselfabreaktoenjoynature.

D.Chlorophyllhelpstreesmakesugarfromsunlight.

E.InGreatBritain,itusuallyhasonlyonename:autumn.

F.Manypeopleloveautumnforthechangingcolorsofleaves.

G.Thethirdseasonoftheyearhastwonames,autumnandfall.

（2022?江西南昌?南昌二中校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）請(qǐng)先閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容從

下面的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇五個(gè)還原到文中，使短文意思通順、結(jié)構(gòu)完整。一空一句。

Youknowyouhavetoread“betweenthelines"togetthemostoutofanything.Iwanttotellyou

somethingimportantduringyourreading.

Youshouldn'tmarkabookwhichisn'tyours.21Ifyouthinkitusefultomarkbooks,youwill

havetobuythem.

Therearctwowaysinwhichonecanownabook.Thefirst:stogettherightbypayingforit,justas

youpayforclothesandfurniture.Butfullownershipesonlywhenyouhavemadeitapartofyourself.

22

Therearethreekindsofbookowners.Thefirsthasall（hebestsellers—unreadanduntouched.The

secondhasagreatmanybooks.23Thethirdhasafewdogeared（翻折的）books,whicharcmarked

fromfronttoback.Whyismarkingabooknecessary?First,itkeepsyouawake.Inthesecondplace,

readingisthinking.24Themarkedbookisusuallythethoughtthroughbook.Finally,writinghelps

yourememberthethoughtsyouhad,orthethoughtsthewriterexpressed.

Ifreadingistolearnanythingmorethanpassingtime,itmustbeactive.Thebookyoureadfor

pleasurecanbereadinastateofrelaxation,andnothingislost.Butforagreatbook,richinideas,reading

mustbeactive.25

Youshouldeupwithanunderstandingofwhatyouhaveread.

A.It'smoreimportantthan“betweenthelines”.

B.Youcan'tletyoureyesmoveacrossthelines.

C.Areaderwillreceiveeverythingthebookpresents.

D.Peoplewholendyoubooksexpectyoutokeepthemclean.

E.Butmostofthemarcascleanasthedaytheywerebought.

F.Andthinkingcanexpressitselfinwords,spokenorwritten.

G.Thebestwaytomakeyourselfapartofitisbywritinginit.

（2022?重慶渝中?重慶巴蜀中學(xué)?？寄M預(yù)測(cè)）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選由可以填入空白

處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Earlierlastmonth,myparentsandIhadafreeday.Wedecidedtocooktogetherinthekitchen.For

ourweekendmenu,wedecidedtomakesmokedpork.Ifoundthisrecipeonline.26.sowedecided

tomakeitfordinneroneweekendtogether.

First,accordingtotherecipe,27.Theprocesswouldtakealongtime,somornstartedworking

onitearlythenightbefore.Momfirstthawed（解凍）theporkandthenspreadsalt,sugarandpepperonits

surface.Afterthat,28andrefrigerateditfortwodays.Twodayslater,theporkwasreadyforthe

nextsteps.Tomakesmokeddishesindoors,weneededtousealuminumfoil（鋁箔）.After（hat,29.

andmotherwasresponsibleforpreparingtheingredients.Iwasresponsibleforspreadingtheblackteaand

sugarontheslicesandaluminumfoilandthenalayerofbakingpaper.Finally,30.Aftermorethan

tenminutesofsmokingandafewminutesoffrying,thesmokedporkwasplctc.

Theporkwasveryjuicy.Withanapplevinegarsauce,themeatwasevenmoredelicious.

Afterworkingtogether,therelationshipbetweenourfamilymembershasbeemoreharmonious.Ifeel

happytohavecookedwithmyparents.Ihopewewillcookmoredeliciousmealstogetherinthefuture.

A.theporkneededtobesalted

B.shewrappedtheporkinaplasticbag

C.Itlookedinterestingandthestepsweresimple

D.theporkshouldbethawed

E.dadwasresponsibleformakingtheporkintoslices

F.Iputtheslicesofporkonthesmokingshelf

G.dadwasresponsibleforputtingtheporkonthealuminumfoil

真題練

（2022?湖北荊門(mén)?統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Happypeoplehavehappyhabits,which,inturn,makethemhappier.31

Developgoodselfcarepractices.

Exercise,cathealthilymoslofthetime,getenoughsleep,andbekindtoyourself.32Doone

today.

33

Expressyour（hankstothosewhohavemadeadifferenceinyourlife.Sendacard.Writealetter.Visit

mperson.

Payattentiontothegood.

34Takepictures.Keepscrapbooks（剪貼簿）.Thishelpsleadourbrainstothefacttha:things

areactuallygoingprettywell.RickHanson,theauthorofthehookHardwiringHappiness,haspopularized

thisphrase.

Livelikeyou'reonvacation.

Whatmakesthetimewespendonvacationbetterthanthetimewespendathome?

35things.A1thoughdiffercntthings.Althoughthereareplentyofthingsthatwillbefunathome,it's

alsoagoodideatoplanatimetobeatouristinyourowntown.

Liveameaningfullife.

Besure（oyourselfandliveinlinewithyourvalues.Askyourself:WhatdoIwantinlife?Whatsmall

stepscanI（aketomoveinthatdirection?

A.Weareopentonewexperiences.

B.Keepintouchwithothers.

C.Writedowngoodthingsthathappeneachday.

D.Here,salistofhabitsthatcanincreaseyourhappiness.

E.Shareyourthanksandlove.

F.Youshouldremembertotakecareofothers.

G.Therearealsomanyotherselfcareideas.

（2022?山東濟(jì)南?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Leadingyoungpeopleto（akeupphysicalexerciseisreally

important.36Butareportrecentlyshowsthatonlyhalfofgirlswhowerequestionedby

researchersenjoydoingsports.37Whatarethereasons?Becauseoftheirdislikeoftheclothes

theyareaskedtowearand（helack（缺乏）offacilities（設(shè)備）todotheirhairafterwards.Asmoregirlsthan

boysfailtotakepartinphysicalactivities,thisisseenasaproblemthatneedsdealingwith.

ManyofthegirlsquestionedsaidtheydislikedwearingtheskirtsthatareoftenpartofPCclothesand

thattheclothesshouldbemorefbrtabletowear.ThegirlswantedtohavethechancetosaywhatthePE

clothesshouldlooklike.Theysuggestedclothingshouldcovermoreoftheirbodies,suchasleggingsand

highneckedshirts.38

Anotherkeyproblemthegirlsreportedwasnothavingthefacilitiesavailabletodotheirhairafterthey

hadtakenpartinexercise.Thegirlsbeinginterviewedwantedprivatespacewheretheycouldgetchanged.

Theyfeltschoolsshouldsupplyhairdryerssothattheycouldstyletheirhair.39Theycoulduse

thistimetodotheirhairandmakesuretheylookedthesameastheydidbeforetheclass.

Theresearchersarguethatsincegirlsworryagreatdealabouthowtheylookduringtheirteenage

years,itisimportantthatschoolstaketheseproblemsseriously.4（）Someteachersfeelsports

shouldkeepyoungers,mindsoffhowtheylook.Itshouldhelpthemseethevalueofkeepingphysicallyfit,

enjoyingteamspiritandachievingiheirsuccessandnotworryingaboutwhat（heirhairlookslike.

A.GirlshadthefollowingproblemswithPEclasses.

B.Evenaquarterofthemactuallyavoidtakin