第08講閱讀理解C篇及長難句分析

目錄

01考情解碼?命題預警2

02體系構建?思維可視4

03核心突破?靶向攻堅5

重

知識點1帶有較多成分的簡單句5

知識點2含有多個從句的復合句6

知識點3含有插入成份的句子6

知識點4含有省略成份的句子6

知識點5含有從句及非謂語成份的句子6

知識點6含有感嘆句、倒裝句、強調句等特殊句子6

考向1帶有較多成分的簡單句7

考向2含有多個從句的復合句8

考向3含有插入成份的句子9

考向4含有省略成份的句子10

考向5含有從句及非謂語成份的句子11

考向6含有感嘆句、倒裝句、強調句等特殊句型12

【思維建模】長難句分析除障礙一結構分析法

難

知識點1找謂語，定主語

知識點2提主干，去枝葉

知識點3尋關聯(lián)，辨邏輯

知識點4看搭配，防隔離

知識點5關鍵詞，抓線索19

【思維建?！块L難句瓶頸突破——四大策略

04真題溯源?考向感知24

01

考情解碼-命題預警

近年來，高考英語閱讀理解長難句出現(xiàn)頻率較高，且難度呈上升趨勢。文章長度增加，復雜句式和生

詞量增多，對綜合閱讀能力要求明顯提高。

題材與體裁關聯(lián)：高考英語閱讀理解選材以國外原版期刊和網站文章為主，覆蓋科技前沿、社會熱點、

文化對比等題材。體裁上說明文占比超50%以上，這些體裁往往需要運用長難句來準確表達復雜的信息和

邏輯關系，對考生的長句分析能力要求較高。

設題特點：一篇閱讀理解中通常會有5到6個長難句，且命題者常在此設題，部分長難句可能是題

眼所在，答案往往通過對長難句的同義替換得出，考查考生對句子結構、語義的理解以及對關鍵信息的提

取能力。

語料外刊化：高考閱讀文章均選自外刊，“原汁原味”，尤其上海高考英語閱讀C篇除了生詞量大、篇

幅長、信息量大以外.就是文中句子結構較為復雜，攙雜了大量的長難句子，對長難句的理解會直接影響

我們的閱讀水平。那么如何破解閱讀理解中的長難句？？？

no

-看搭配，防隔離

「關鍵詞，抓線索

03

Fi

核心突破-靶向攻堅

考點一、高考閱讀理解中長難句式主要特征

知識點1：帶有較多成分的簡單句

知識點2：含有多個從句的復合句

知識點3：含有插入成份的句子

知識點4：含有省略成份的句子

知識點5：含有從句及非謂語成份的句子

知識點6：含有感嘆句、倒裝句、強調句等特殊句型

同帶有較多成分的簡單句

例句1：

Thescientist,havingdedicateddecadestoresearchingclimatechangeandpublishednumeruspapersin

internationaljournals,deliveredacompellingspeechattheconference,emphasizingtheurgentneedfor

globalactionandprovidingdetailedsolutionstomitigateenvironmentaldegradation.

分析：

中文翻譯：

例句2：

Thestudents,carryingheavybooksandexcitedlydiscussingtheupcomingdebatecompetition,enteredthe

classroom,wheretheyfundtheteacheralreadypreparedwithvisualaidsandalistofcontroversialtopics

forthemtoanalyze.

分析：

中文翻譯：

例句3：

Theold.man,sittinginaweatheredbenchintheparkandgentlystrumminghisguitar,attractedacrowdof

passersby,wholistenedintentlyatthesoft,melancholytunesthatseemedtonarratealifetimeofstoriesand

experiences.

分析：

中文翻譯：

團含有多個從句的復合句

【例1】

Itturnedoutthatwhatthevillagershadthoughtwasmerelyanoldwellwas,asarchaeologistslaterproved,

acompletebutforgottenwatersystemthathadsuppliedthewholetownduringtheMingDynasty.

分析：

中文翻譯：

【例2】

Althoughscientistsadmitthattheystillcannotexplainwhysomefrogssurvivewhileothersvanishwhen

theirhabitatsbecomeslightlywarmer,theyinsistthatthetrenditselfiswarningenoughforurgentaction.

分析：

中文翻譯：

[例3]

Thereport,whichwasreleasedafterresearchershadspentthreeyearsanalyzingdatacollectedfrom5,000

high-schoolstudents,concludesthatunlessschoolsreduceweeklyhomeworkload,theverygroupthat

educationaimstohelpmaysufferfromlong-termburnout.

分析：

中文翻譯：

<e>含有插入成份的句子

例句1:

Thenewpolicy,inthepointofmanyexperts,aimstoaddresssocialinequalitybyprovidingfreeeducation

andhealthcaretunderprivilegedcommunities,whichhavelongsufferedfromsystemicdiscriminating.

分析：

中文翻譯：

例句2：

Thefilm,despiteitscontroversialthemesandexperimentalnarrativestyle,waswidelypraisedbycritics,

whohighlighteditsstunningcinematographyandtheleadactor'spotentiallyOscar-winningperformance.

分析：

中文翻譯：

這部電影盡管主題有爭議且敘事風格實驗性強，但仍受到評論家的廣泛贊譽，他們特別強調了其驚艷的攝

影技術和主演有望獲得奧斯卡獎的表演。

例句3：

Theresearchfindings,aspublishedinthelatestissueofNature,suggestthatclimatechangewillhave

far-reachingimpactsonglobalecosystems,affectingeverythingfrommarinelifetagriculturalproductivity.

分析：

中文翻譯：

同含有省略成份的句子

例句1:

While(theywere)travelingacrossEurope,thegroupofstudentsnotonlyexploredhistoriclandmarksbut

alsoimmersedthemselvesinlocalcultures,learninglanguagesandparticipatingintraditionalfestivals.

分析：

中文翻譯：

例句2：

Thecompany,if(itis)unabletosecureadditionalfundingbytheendoftheyear,maybeforcedtolayoff

employeesandevenshutdowncertainproductlines,whichwouldbeadisasterforthelocaleconomy.

分析：

中文翻譯：

例句3：

Theathlete,though(hewas)exhaustedafterthemarathon,managedtofinishtheracewithasmile,

inspiringthecrowdanddemonstratingthetruespiritofperseverance.

分析：

中文翻譯：

同含有從句及非謂語成份的句子

【例1】

Readingthroughthethickpileofdocumentsdeliveredtoherofficeyesterday,theyounglawyer,whohad

justreturnedfromatwo-weekbusinesstrip,discoveredasingleclausehiddeninthefootnotesthatcould

completelychangetheoutcomeoftheongoingcase.

分析：

中文翻譯：

【例2】

InspiredbythespeechgivenbytheastronautwhohadspentsixmonthsorbitingEarth,thestudentsdecided

tosetupaclubaimedatdesigningsmallsatellitestobelaunchedbyalocaluniversity.

分析：

中文翻譯：

【例3】

Thedatacollected,whencomparedwithresultspublishedbyotherteamsworkinginsimilarconditions,

showsaworryingtrendrisingfasterthanpredicted.

分析：

中文翻譯：

回含有感嘆句、倒裝句、強調句等特殊句型

【例1】

Notuntilthelastpageofthefiledidtheinspectornoticethetinysignaturethatprovedthereporthadbeen

altered.

分析：

中文翻譯：

【例2】

Itwasbecausethevillageteacherspokethelocaldialectfluentlythatshegainedthetrustoftheelders,

whichlatermadethehealthcampaignasuccess.

分析：

中文翻譯：

【例3】

Whatanunexpectedgiftitwastofind,amongthedustysecond-handbooks,acopysignedbytheauthor

whohadinspiredmywholechildhood!

分析：

中文翻譯：

考向1-

【考彳列】：Intheheartofthebustlingcity,wheretheskyscrapersloomoverthenarrowstreets,standsaquaintold

bookstore,filledwiththescentofagedpaperandthequiethumofknowledgeseekers.

分析：

中文翻譯：

【變式演練】

01

Thesuddencollapse,aftermonthsofsteadygrowth,oftheonce-promisingbiotechfirm,blamedon

mismanagementratherthanmarketforces,sentshockwavesthrougheverymajorstockexchangeinAsia.

分析：

中文翻譯：

02

Underthenewlyrevisedenvironmentalcode,effectivenationwidefromnextJanuary,anyindustrialplantemitting

morethanthelegallysetlimitoffineparticlesmustinstall,withineighteenmonths,state-certifiedfiltrationdevices

orfacedailypenalties.

分析：

中文翻譯：

03

DeeplyinfluencedbytheRenaissanceidealofuniversalman,Leonardo,despitehischronicprocrastinationand

countlessunfinishedsketches,managedtoproduce,inhisMilanworkshop,masterpiecesthatstilldefineWestern

aesthetics.

分析：

中文翻譯：

考向2兩個句子成分之間被插入語等分隔

【考例】DelightedasIwasbythetomatoesinsight,myhappinessdeepenedwhenIlearnedthatBrownsGrove

FarmisoneofthesuppliersforJackDusty,anewlyopenedrestaurantattheSarasotaRitzCarlton,

where-luckilyforme-Iwasplanningtohavedinnerthatverynight.

分析：

中文翻譯：

【變式演練】

[Oil

Thesmalltown,oncefamousonlyforitspeaches,has,injustfiveshortyears,become——believeitornot-the

country'sleadingcentrefordronedesignandtraining.

分析：

中文翻譯：

[02]

Moststudents,ifaskedtochoosebetweenextraclassesandfreereading,would,accordingtoarecentsurveyof

10,000candidates,pickthelatter-ananswerthatsurprisedeventheresearchers.

分析：

中文翻譯：

[03]

Themuseum,builtin1903andclosedduringthewar,reopenedlastweek,offering,forthefirsttimeinacentury,a

completeexhibitionofpaintingsthattheartisthimselfhadrefusedtodisplay.

分析：

中文翻譯：

考向3從句套從句，環(huán)環(huán)相扣

[彳列]Itwascalculatedthatwhenitspopulationreacheditshighestpoint,thereweremorethan3billion

passengerpigeons-anumberequalto24to40percentofthetotalbirdpopulationintheUnitedStates,makingit

perhapsthemostabundantbirdintheworld.

分析：

中文翻譯：

【變式演練】

[01]Whatmakesthisbookparticularlyfascinatingisthatitnotonlyprovidesanin-depthanalysisof

historicaleventsbutalsointroducesreaderstotheperspectivesofmarginalizedgroups,whichareoftenoverlooked

intraditionalhistorytexts.

分析

中文翻譯

[02]Althoughthecompanyfacedseverefinancialchallengeslastyear,itmanagedtolaunchaninnovative

productlinethatquicklygainedmarketshare,whichnotonlysavedthebusinessbutalsoreinforceditsreputation

asanindustryleader.

分析

中文翻譯

[03]Theteacherexplainedthatunlessstudentsdevelopcritical-thinkingskillsandactivelyengagewiththe

material,theywillstruggletoapplytheknowledgetheyhavelearnedinreal-worldsituations,whichisessentialfor

theiracademicandprofessionalsuccess.

分析

中文翻譯

考向4某些特殊句式或特殊語法現(xiàn)象

【考例】Todayallthreegenerationsregardthemoveasasuccess,givingthemacloserrelationshipthanthey

wouldhavehadinseparatecities.

分析：

中文翻譯:

【變式演練】

Itisthecommitmentandpassingoftheteam,ratherthanfinancialresources,thathaveenabledthemtoachieve

remarkableresultsinthefieldofcancerresearch,bringinghopetopatientsaroundtheworld.

分析:

中文翻譯:

思維建模長難句分析除障礙一結構分析法

(-)抓住主干，鎖定謂語。

何為句子主干？

01.主語(subject)

1)Itiskindofyoutogivemesomuchhelp.

2)Inthiseconomy,savingmoneyhasbecomeamainconcerninmosthouseholds.

02.謂語(predicate)(分析長難句的核心所在?。?！)

謂語有簡單謂語和復合謂語兩種。簡單謂語是由一個行為動詞構成，更容易識別。復合謂語包括情態(tài)動詞+

動詞原形、動詞短語及被動語態(tài)be+done、進行時態(tài)bedoing、完成時態(tài)has/havedone＞將來時態(tài)willdo/

begoingtodo等。如：

1)Youcanmakeadifferenceifyouareconfident.2)Hewasfollowedbythefans.

提醒：找到謂語動詞尤為關鍵。一個簡單句的名詞往往有多個，但是謂語動詞就一套。如：

Withtherisingpricesoffuelandothervehicle-relatedexpenses,doingthepubliccommute(通勤)towork

andschoolcertainlysavesmoney.

句子很長，名詞也很多，但是找到謂語動詞saves后，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)這只是一個簡單句。(doingsthsavesmoney)

(二)找連詞，切分句子

并列連詞連接并列句，常見的并列連詞有and,but,yet,or,so,for,notonly...butalso...

從屬連詞連接復合句。常見的從屬連詞引導狀語從句的有when,after,before,till,until,since,though,

although,because等，引導定語從句的有that,who,whom,which,where,when等，引導名詞性從句的有

what,that等。

(三)確定中心名詞，識別定語

尤其注意后置定語,通常以不定式、分詞、介詞短語、定語從句等形式體現(xiàn)。

(1)1gotachance(togiveaspeech)atthemeeting.

(2)Theman(withabookinhishandwhohelpedyou)ismyboss.

(3)Accordingtoresearch{donebytheAmericanPublicTransportationAssociation),individualscansaveupto

$9,515usuallybyparkingtheircarsathomeandusingpublictransportationinstead.

(四)熟悉非謂語動詞的用法非謂語動詞主要包括動詞不定式(todo)、動名詞(doing)和分詞(現(xiàn)在分詞doing

或過去分詞done)三類。

注意不能獨立作謂語，而是充當句子的其他成分。另外，由非謂語動詞開頭的、表示一個獨立、完整的含

義的結構叫做非謂語動詞短語。

①Jackwalkedintothehall,(waving)totheaudience.

②(ToimprovemyEnglish),IoftenlistentotheEnglishradio.

(五)識別同位語由兩個或兩個以上同一層次的語言單位組成的結構，后項是前項的同位語。

(1)Tony,oneofthemostcleverboysinourschool,isplanningtoattendtheuniversity.

(2)Theywereworriedoverthefactthatyoucouldnottakepartinthesportsmeeting.

(六)標記介詞短語把介詞短語看成一個整體，括號圈起。例如：

AfterchattingwithLauraonthismatterfortwohoursfrom2:00to4:00intheafternoon,Ireturnedtomyoffice.

這個句子中含有大量的“介詞短語”這種修飾成分。我們給這個句子中的全部介詞短語加上括號，該句就會變

成：(Afterchatting)(withLaura)(onthismatter)(fortwohours)(from2:00)(to4:00)(intheafternoon),Ireturned

(tomyoffice).

此時大家便可發(fā)現(xiàn)，這個句子雖然很長，但是真正的主干，只有【returned兩個單詞?？梢姡樵~短語正是

讓英語句子變得又長又難的原因之一。

考點二、高考閱讀理解長難句子破解方法

01.找謂語，定主語

02提主干，去枝葉

03尋關聯(lián)，辨邏輯

04看搭配，防隔離

04關鍵詞，抓線索

01找謂語，定主語

一般情況下，一個謂語形式的動詞對應其動作的發(fā)出者（主語），我們可以根據謂語動詞的意義來確

定其主語。而且，如果一個句子中出現(xiàn)兩個或兩個以上的謂語形式的動詞，則該句可以是并列句或復合句

（并列謂語動詞的情況除外）。如

[01]Peoplefearedthatweakeninga21-year-oldbanonthesaleofivorywouldencourageillegalhunting

andhurtelephantpopulations.

【句意】

【分析】

[02]Declaringthathewasopposedtousingthisunusualanimalhusbandrytechniquetoclonehumans,he

orderedthatfederalfundsnotbeusedforsuchanexperiment--althoughnoonehadproposedtodosoandasked

anindependentpanelofexpertschairedbyPrincetonPresidentHaroldShapirotoreportbacktotheWhiteHouse

in90dayswithrecommendationsforanationalpolicyonhumancloning.

【句意】

【分析】

[03]Despitetheheavyrain,themarathonrunnerscontinuedtheirrace,demonstratinganadmirablelevelof

perseverance.

【句意】

【分析】

02提主干，去枝葉（從句等）

一般情況下，一個句子中的主句所表達的信息為主要信息，從句所表達的信息為次要信息。若句子的

主干提煉不出來，就不能完全把握句子的核心意義，從而導致思維混亂，主次不分。如：

[01]EconomistsfromtheUniversityofSussexanalysedfindingsfromtheNationalLongitudinalStudyof

AdolescentHealth,a15-yearresearchprojectchartingthefortunesofagroupofthousandsofteenagerswho

attendedhighschoolsintheUSinthemid-1990s.

【句意】

【分析】

[02]FirstputforwardbytheFrenchmathematicianPierredeFormatinthe17thcentury,the

theoremhadbaffledandbeatenthefinestmathematicalminds,includingaFrenchwomanscientistwhomadea

majoradvanceinworkingouttheproblem,andwhohadtodresslikeamaninordertobeabletostudyatthe

Eco-labPolytechnique.

【句意】

【分析】

[03]Althoughshewasinitiallyhesitant,aftermuchconsideration,shefinallydecidedtoacceptthe

challengingjoboffer.

【句意】

【分析】

03尋關聯(lián)，辨邏輯

一些長句其實是由若干分句組成的并列句或復合句。而這些并列句或復合句之間需要一些關聯(lián)詞來連

接。如果我們找準這些關聯(lián)詞，就能夠分辨出句與句之間的邏輯關系，分別弄清主句的意義和從句的意義，

則長句就容易對付得多了。要掌握此方法必須對英語中的常見的關聯(lián)詞諳熟于心。

[01]Whetheryougetalongwellwithyourprofessorsornothasahugeeffectonyourselfgrowthasitisa

measureofhowwellyoucanrespectauthorityandobeyrequirements.

【句意】

【分析】

[02]Whereasawoman'sclosestfemalefriendmightbethefirsttotellhertoleaveafailingmarriage,itwasn't

unusualtohearamansayhedidn'tknowhisfriend'smarriagewasinserioustroubleuntilheappearedonenight

askingifhecouldsleeponthesofa.

【句意】

【分析】

[03]Whilesomepeopleprefertostayindoorsonweekends,othersenjoygoingouttoexplorenewplaces.

【句意】

【分析】

04看搭配，防隔離

有時一個長句或難句是由一個或多個搭配構成，而且這些搭配中常常出現(xiàn)分隔現(xiàn)象。讀者若受分隔現(xiàn)

象的干擾而看不清句子的本來面目，則對句意的理解就會發(fā)生偏差。如：

[01]Thefactthatmembersofoneculturedonotexpresstheiremotionsasopenlyasdomembersofanother

doesnotmeanthattheydonotexperienceemotions.

【句意】

【分析】

[02]Somecompanieshavemadethemanufacturingofcleanandsafeproducts,tosomedegree,theirmain

sellingpointsandemphasizeitintheiradvertising.

【句意】

【分析】

[03]Toachievesuccess,onemustworkhard,whichisaprinciplethatmanysuccessfulpeoplefollow.

【句意】

【分析】

04關鍵詞，抓線索

有時某些句子句意模糊，讀者理不清頭緒，這時讀者只能依靠關鍵詞來抓，從而在大體上搞清楚句意。

總之，在碰到長句和難句時，要根據實際情況靈活運用上述方法，在平時閱讀過程中要加強對長句和難句

的句法分析訓練。有時要幾種方法綜合使用才能正確理解句意。如：

[01]Weevenhavedifferentwordsforsomefood,meatinparticular,dependingonwhetheritisstilloutin

thefieldsorathomereadytobecooked,whichshowsthefactthattheSaxonpeasantsweredoingthefarming,

whiletheupperclassNormansweredoingmostoftheeating.

【句意】

【分析】

[02]Atthispoint,itisnotclearwhydogsseemtobeequippedwiththeabilitytorecognizedifferentfacial

expressionsinhumans.Instead,ourresultssuggestthatthesuccessfuldogsrealizedthatasmilingmouthmeansthe

samethingassmilingeyes,andthesameruleappliestoanangrymouthhavingthesamemeaningasangryeyes.

【句意】

【分析】

[03]Itwascalculatedthatwhenitspopulationreacheditshighestpoint,thereweremorethan3billion

passengerpigeons-anumberequalto24to40percentofthetotalbirdpopulationintheUnitedStates,makingit

perhapsthemostabundantbirdsintheworld.

【句意】

【分析】

思維建模長難句瓶頸突破四大策略

通過語法分析，迅速弄清句子的結構，把握句子的基本框架的基本步驟是：首先，判斷該句是簡單句、

并列句還是復合句；然后，找出句子的核心成分，分清主語和謂語，再分清句子的附屬成分。

方法一：較復雜單句的處理方法——找主謂語，即找主干成分

較復雜單句在高考試卷中經常出現(xiàn)，所以應引起同學們的足夠重視。

Akeyskillsetforsuccessispersistence,acharacteristicthatresearcherssayisheavilyinfluencedbyfathers.

分析主語是Akeyskill,謂語是is,表語是persistence,acharacteristic是同位語，解釋說明persistenceo

that引導同位語從句，解釋名詞characteristic。

方法二：并列復合句的處理方法——找并列連詞

Therewasabitofmethatdidn'twanttolovethiswheneveryoneelseontheplanetdid,butthehorrorstoryis

brilliant.

分析句中的but是并列連詞，連接兩個并列單句。

方法三：主從復合句的處理方法——找從屬連詞

Akeyfindingisthatovertime,childrenraisedbyanauthoritativefatherweresignificantlymorelikelyto

developpersistence,whichleadstobetteroutcomesinschool.

分析該句主語是Akeyfinding,that引導表語從句，從句中含有which引導的非限制性定語從句，修

飾名詞persistence。

方法四：并列和主從復合句并存的處理方法——先讀懂并列復合句，再看主從復合句

"It'llbeawhilebeforewecanstatisticallyshowthatthechangesarehappeningbecauseofclimatechange，"

Dutkiewiczsaid,“butthechangeinthecoloroftheoceanwillbeoneoftheearlywarningsignalsthatwereally

havechangedourplanet.”

分析but引導兩個并列的主從復合句，but前的主從復合句中是before引導的時間狀語從句，該從句

中show后是that引導的賓語從句；but后的主從復合句中，主語是thechange,謂語是willbe,that引導的

同位語從句，解釋說明名詞signals的內容。

04

真題溯源?考向感知

01

（2022年7月上海高考試題C篇長難句式分析）

Businessinnovationisanorganization'sprocessforintroducingnewideas,workflowsmethodologies,services

orproducts.LikeITinnovation,whichcallsforusingtechnologynewwaystocreateamoreefficientandagile

organization,businessinnovationshouldenabletheachievementofgoalsacrosstheentireorganization,withsights

setonaccomplishingcorebusinessaimsandinitiatives.Innovationoftenbeginswithideageneration,whereas

ideasarenarroweddownduringbrainstormingsessions,afterwhichleadersconsiderthebusinessviability,

feasibilityanddesirabilityofeachidea.existingproducts,servicesorprocesses;oritshouldsolveaproblem;orit

shouldreachnewcustomers.RecentexamplesofbusinessinnovationincludetheintroductionoftheDyson

vacuumcleaner,whosecreatorandnamesakeJamesDysondeclaredinadvertisementsthathesetouttobuilda

betterproductbyapplyingindustrialcyclonetechnologiestothehouseholdappliance.

Thepurposeofthebusinessinnovationprocessistocreatevaluefortheorganization.Thatvaluecancome

fromcreatingnewrevenueopportunitiesordrivingmorerevenuethroughexistingchannels:fromcreating

efficienciesthatsavetime,moneyorboth;orfromimprovementstoproductivityorperformance.Inshort,

innovationshouldleadtohigherprofitsAdditionally,theresultsofanorganization'sinnovationprocessshould

yieldacompetitiveadvantage;itshouldhelptheorganizationtogrowandreach-or,betterstill,exceed-strategic

objectives.

Innovationandinventionarecloselylinked,butthetwotermsarenotinterchangeable.Aninventiontsan

entirelynewcreation.Theprocessofbusinessinnovationcanproduceaninvention,butthetermisbroaderin

scopeandincludestheapplicationofanexistingconceptorpracticeinanewway.orapplyingnewtechnologyto

anexistingproductorprocesstoimproveuponit.Tobetterunderstandthedifference,considerthis:Thetelephone

isaninvention,butthesmartphoneisaninnovation.

Businessinnovationcanalsobeclassifiedaseitherrevolutionaryorevolutionary.Revolutionarybusiness

innovationyieldsadrasticchangeinaproduct,service,process,etc.whichoftendestroysorsupplantsanexisting

businessmodelThisisalsoknownasradicalinnovation.Evolutionaryorincrementalinnovationinvolvessmaller,

morecontinuousimprovementsthat,whileimportant,arenotdrasticenoughtoshiftacompanyormarketintoa

newparadigm.Disruptiveinnovationisacategorythatemphasizesthedestructiveaspectofrevolutionary

innovation:thistermappliestobusinessinnovationthatlendstothecreationofanewmarketthatdisplacesan

existingoneor.similarly,asignificantupheavalinacategoryofproductsorservices.

Businessinnovation,likemostbusinessinitiatives,hitsbothbenefitsandrisks.Organizationsshould

recognizeonthenegativetidethatthebushinessinnovationprocesscanbeacostlyundertakingthandoesnot

alwaysproducearectumoninvestment(ROI);thatideasconsideredlikelytosucceedcouldstillfail;andthat

stakeholderscouldfightthechangesrequiredtobesuccessful.Ontheotherhand,organizationsneedtoweigh

thoserisksagainstthebenefitsofbusinessinnovation.

63.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinthefirstparagraphmean?

A.PersuasibilityB.ScarcityC.GeneralityD.Practicability

64.Whatisthepurposeofbusinessinnovation?

A.Createvaluebenefitsfortheenterprise.

B.Reformthemanagementstructureofenterprises.

C.Encouragestafftomakemoreinventions.

D.Upgradetheproductperformance.

65Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutinnovationandinvention?

A.Theyareessentiallythesameconcept.

B.Theycanreplaceeachotherinthecontext.

C.Theycanbringhugecommercialbenefits.

D.Theyarecloselyrelatedbuthavedifferentconceptualscopes.

66.Whatisthemaincontentofthispassage?

A.Theprecautionsforbrainstormingmeetings.

B.Theconsiderationsforbusinessinnovation.

C.Thedifferencebetweeninnovationandinvention.

D.Therevolutionarychangeinbusinessinnovation.

重點長難句式分析:

1.**長難句**:Businessinnovationisanorganization'sprocessforintroducingnewideas,workflows

methodologies,servicesorproducts.

**結構分析**:-

**中文翻譯**:

2.**長難句Innovationoftenbeginswithideageneration,whereasideasarenarroweddownduring

brainstormingsessions,afterwhichleadersconsiderthebusinessviability,feasibilityanddesirabilityofeach

idea.

-**結構分析**:

-**中文翻譯**:

3.**長難句**:Thepurposeofthebusinessinnovationprocessistocreatevaluefortheorganization,which

cancomefromcreatingnewrevenueopportunitiesordrivingmorerevenuethroughexistingchannels,from

creatingefficienciesthatsavetime,moneyorboth,orfromimprovementstoproductivityorperformance.

-**結構分析**:

-**中文翻譯**:

4.**長難句**:Aninventionisanentirelynewcreation,theprocessofbusinessinnovationcanproducean

invention,butthetermisbroaderinscopeandincludestheapplicationofanexistingconceptorpracticein

anewway,orapplyingnewtechnologytoanexistingproductorprocesstoimproveuponit.

-**結構分析**:

-**中文翻譯**:

5.**長難句**:Disruptiveinnovationisacategorythatemphasizesthedestructiveaspectofrevolutionary

innovation,thistermappliestobusinessinnovationthatleadstothecreationofanewmarketthatdisplaces

anexistingoneor,similarly,asignificantupheavalinacategoryofproductsorservices.

-**結構分析**:

-**中文翻譯**:

02（2025年高考全國I卷長難句分析）

C篇

長難句1及分析

原句：Whilesafetyimprovementsmighthavebeenmadetoourstreetsinrecentyears,transportstudiesalsoshow

declinesinpedestrian（彳亍人）mobility,especiallyamongyoungchildren.

中文翻譯：_________________________________________________________________________

句子結構分析：

主句：（主謂賓結構，賓語為""declinesinpedestrianmobility^^）

修飾成分：

讓步狀語從句：（由while引導，說明“安全改善”與“流動

性下降的轉折關系）。

介詞短語作狀語：（修飾從句中的謂語“havebeenmade”）。

介詞短語作定語：inpedestrianmobility（修飾"declines"）。

副詞短語作狀語：especiallyamongyoungchildren（補充說明“declines”的具體群體）。

長難句2及分析

原句：Mostfamously,aCanadianjournalistwhohadmovedherfamilytoManhattanintheearly1950sleda

campaigntostopthedestructionofherlocalpark.

中文翻譯：_________________________________________________________________________

句子結構分析：

主句：（主謂賓結構）

修飾成分：

副詞作狀語：Mostfamously（修飾整個句子，表程度）。

：whohadmovedherfamilytoManhattan...（who引導，修飾"journalist”,時態(tài)為過去完成時,

說明搬家動作先于"ledacampaign”）。

介詞短語作定語：intheearly1950s（修飾從句中的謂語“hadmoved"）。

不定式短語作目的狀語：（說明“campaign”的目的）。

長難句3及分析

原句：Althoughthesecampaignswerewidespread,therealityisthatthemajorityofthewesterncitieswere

completelyredesignedaroundtheneedsofthemotorcar.

中文翻譯：_________________________________________________________________________

句子結構分析：

主句：（主系表結構，表語為that引導的從句）。

修飾成分：

：Althoughthesecampaignswerewidespread（由although弓I導，與主句形成轉折）。

表語從句：（說明"reality"的具體內容），其中：

：themajorityofthewesterncities

：werecompletelyredesigned（被動語態(tài)）

介詞短語作狀語：aroundtheneedsofthemotorcar（說明"redesigned”的依據）。

D篇

長難句1及分析

原句：MicroplasticshavebecomeacommonsourceofpollutionacrosstheEarth-theyhavesettledinthedeep

seaandontheHimalayas,stuckinsidevolcanicrocks,filledthestomachsofseabirdsandevenfalleninfresh

Antarcticsnow.

中文翻譯：_________________________________________________________________________

句子結構分析：

主句：（主謂賓結構，acrosstheEarth作地點狀語）。

破折號解釋部分：由四個并列的謂語結構組成，說明微塑料的分布位置：

theyhavesettledinthedeepseaandontheHimalayas

（theyhave）stuckinsidevolcanicrocks

（theyhave）filledthestomachsofseabirds

（theyhave）evenfalleninfreshAntarcticsnow

長難句2及分析

原句：InastudypublishedWednesdayinEnvironmentalScience&TechnologyLetters,researchersfromChina

foundthatboilingtapwaterforjustfiveminutes——thenfilteringitafteritcools——couldremoveatleast