2025年燒傷整形科專業(yè)英語期末考試答案及解析一、單項選題1.Themostcommoncauseofburnis（）A.FlameB.ScaldC.ElectricalinjuryD.Chemicalinjury2.Thedepthofburnisclassifiedinto（）A.First-degreeB.Second-degreeC.Third-degreeD.Alloftheabove3.Themaintreatmentprincipleofburnis（）A.AntibacterialtreatmentB.FluidreplacementC.WoundcareD.Alloftheabove4.Themostimportantcomplicationofburnis（）A.InfectionB.ShockC.RespiratoryfailureD.Renalfailure5.Themostsuitabletimeforskingraftingis（）A.1-2daysafterburnB.3-5daysafterburnC.1-2weeksafterburnD.2-3weeksafterburn6.Themostcommondonorsiteforskingraftingis（）A.ThighB.AbdomenC.BackD.Upperarm7.Themainfunctionofburndressingis（）A.ProtectthewoundB.PromotewoundhealingC.PreventinfectionD.Alloftheabove8.Themostimportantfactoraffectingtheprognosisofburnis（）A.BurnareaB.BurndepthC.Patient'sageD.Alloftheabove9.Themostcommontypeofburnscaris（）A.HypertrophicscarB.AtrophicscarC.KeloidD.Contracturescar10.Themaintreatmentmethodofburnscaris（）A.TopicaldrugtreatmentB.PhysicaltherapyC.SurgicaltreatmentD.Alloftheabove二、多項選題1.Thefollowingarethefactorsthataffecttheseverityofburn（）A.BurnareaB.BurndepthC.Patient'sageD.BurnsiteE.Presenceofinhalationinjury2.Thefollowingarethecomplicationsofburn（）A.ShockB.InfectionC.RespiratoryfailureD.RenalfailureE.Gastrointestinalbleeding3.Thefollowingarethemethodsoffluidreplacementforburn（）A.ParklandformulaB.BrookeformulaC.EvansformulaD.ModifiedBrookeformulaE.Noneoftheabove4.Thefollowingaretheindicationsforskingrafting（）A.Deepsecond-degreeburnB.Third-degreeburnC.BurnwoundwithpoorhealingD.BurnscarwithcontractureE.Alloftheabove5.Thefollowingarethemethodsoftreatingburnscar（）A.TopicaldrugtreatmentB.PhysicaltherapyC.SurgicaltreatmentD.LasertreatmentE.Alloftheabove三、填空題1.Theclassificationofburndepthincludes_____,_____,and_____.2.Themainsymptomsofburnshockare_____,_____,and_____.3.Thecommonmethodsofburnwoundtreatmentare_____,_____,and_____.4.Themaincomplicationsofskingraftingare_____,_____,and_____.5.Themainmethodsofpreventingburnscarare_____,_____,and_____.四、判斷題（√/×）1.Thedeepertheburndepth,themoreserioustheburn.（）2.Thelargertheburnarea,themoreseveretheburnshock.（）3.Antibioticsshouldbeusedroutinelyafterburn.（）4.Skingraftingisthebesttreatmentmethodforallburnwounds.（）5.Burnscarcanbecompletelyremovedbysurgery.（）6.Theearlierthetreatmentofburn,thebettertheprognosis.（）7.Themainpurposeoffluidreplacementinburnshockistocorrecthypovolemia.（）8.Themostimportantfactoraffectingthesurvivalrateofburnpatientsistheburnarea.（）9.Themainfunctionofburndressingistopreventinfection.（）10.Thetreatmentofburnscarshouldbeindividualized.（）五、簡答題1.Brieflydescribethemaintreatmentprinciplesofburn.六、案例分析1.A30-year-oldmalewasburnedbyboilingwaterontheleftupperlimbandchestfor2hours.Theburnareawasabout15%,andthedepthwassecond-degree.Physicalexamination:conscious,tachycardia,bloodpressure120/80mmHg.Laboratorytests:normalbloodroutineandelectrolytes.-Problem1:Whatisthefirststepinthetreatmentofthispatient?-Problem2:Whatarethemaintreatmentmeasuresforthispatient?試卷答案一、單項選題（答案）1.答案：B解析：Scaldisthemostcommoncauseofburn.2.答案：D解析：Burndepthisclassifiedintofirst-degree,second-degree,andthird-degree.3.答案：D解析：Themaintreatmentprinciplesofburnincludeantibacterialtreatment,fluidreplacement,andwoundcare.4.答案：A解析：Infectionisthemostimportantcomplicationofburn.5.答案：C解析：Themostsuitabletimeforskingraftingis1-2weeksafterburn.6.答案：A解析：Thethighisthemostcommondonorsiteforskingrafting.7.答案：D解析：Themainfunctionsofburndressingincludeprotectingthewound,promotingwoundhealing,andpreventinginfection.8.答案：D解析：Burnarea,burndepth,andpatient'sageallaffecttheprognosisofburn.9.答案：A解析：Hypertrophicscaristhemostcommontypeofburnscar.10.答案：D解析：Themaintreatmentmethodsofburnscarincludetopicaldrugtreatment,physicaltherapy,andsurgicaltreatment.二、多項選題（答案）1.答案：ABCDE解析：Alloftheabovefactorscanaffecttheseverityofburn.2.答案：ABCDE解析：Theseareallcommoncomplicationsofburn.3.答案：ABCD解析：Theseareallcommonmethodsoffluidreplacementforburn.4.答案：ABCDE解析：Alloftheaboveareindicationsforskingrafting.5.答案：ABCDE解析：Theseareallmethodsoftreatingburnscar.三、填空題（答案）1.答案：First-degree,second-degree,third-degree解析：Theclassificationofburndepth.2.答案：Hypotension,tachycardia,oliguria解析：Themainsymptomsofburnshock.3.答案：Debridement,dressingchange,skingrafting解析：Thecommonmethodsofburnwoundtreatment.4.答案：Infection,hematoma,graftfailure解析：Themaincomplicationsofskingrafting.5.答案：Earlyexcisionandgrafting,pressuretherapy,siliconegelapplication解析：Themainmethodsofpreventingburnscar.四、判斷題（答案）1.答案：√解析：Thedeepertheburndepth,themoreseriousthedamagetotheskinandunderlyingtissues.2.答案：√解析：Thelargertheburnarea,thegreaterthefluidlossandthemoreseveretheburnshock.3.答案：×解析：Antibioticsshouldbeusedselectivelyaccordingtothesituation,notroutinely.4.答案：×解析：Skingraftingisnotsuitableforallburnwounds,andothertreatmentmethodsmaybeneeded.5.答案：×解析：Burnscarcanbeimprovedbysurgery,butitisdifficulttocompletelyremove.6.答案：√解析：Earlytreatmentcanreducethedamageandimprovetheprognosisofburn.7.答案：√解析：Themainpurposeoffluidreplacementinburnshockistocorrecthypovolemiaandmaintainhemodynamicstability.8.答案：×解析：Themostimportantfactoraffectingthesurvivalrateofburnpatientsistheburnareaanddepth,aswellasthepatient'soverallcondition.9.答案：×解析：Themainfunctionofburndressingistoprotectthewound,promotewoundhealing,andpreventinfection.10.答案：√解析：Thetreatmentofburnscarshouldbeindividualizedaccordingtothetype,location,andseverityofthescar.五、簡答題（答案）1.答：Themaintreatmentprinciplesofburninclude:immediatecoolingoftheburnwoundtoreduceheatdamage;fluidreplacementtoc