2025年人教版初中英語中考總復(fù)習(xí)講義-音標(biāo)和名詞（無答案）音標(biāo)

48個國際音標(biāo)

元音12個單元音長元音[a:][:][:][i:][u:][e][]

短元音[][][][][u]

8個雙元音[a][e][][][e][u][u][au]

輔音10對清輔音[p][t][k][f][s][θ][

][t][tr][ts]

濁輔音[b][d][g][v][z][][][d][dr][dz]

3個鼻音[m][n][]

3個似拼音[h][r][l]

2個半元音[w][j]

拼讀規(guī)則:以元音為中心劃分音節(jié)，按音節(jié)來拼讀

音節(jié)的劃分方法如下：

元音是構(gòu)成音節(jié)的主體，輔音是音節(jié)的分界線。

一個輔音后面跟，兩個輔音兩邊分，字母組合不拆分。

單音節(jié)詞只有一個音節(jié)，如“put"。/lɑd/

雙音節(jié)詞有兩個音節(jié)，如“chil-dren”。

多音節(jié)詞有兩個以上音節(jié)，如“in-ter-na-tion-al"

/knv'sefn//'rez(r)//ni:d//'n

(r)/

/m'stek//pst//sem//'streli/

/'hzbnd//k'tvti//'fni//'krs/

/tend//'nts//tek'nldi//lɑd/

/'mdk//'mju:zkl//g'zktli//'nstrment/

名詞

可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)變化

1.名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則變化

①book_________apple_________desk_________

_________②bus_________watch_________box_________brush_________

_________③city_________family_________story_________

_________④leaf_________life_________knife_________

_________⑤hero_________potato_________tomato_________photo_________

_________2.名詞復(fù)數(shù)不規(guī)則變化

①單復(fù)數(shù)同形

fish_________sheep_________deer_________

②改變單數(shù)名詞中的元音字母或者拼寫

man_________woman_________foot_________tooth_________mouse_________child_________

③國人：中日不變英法變，其他s加后面

Chinese_________

Japanese_________Englishman_________

Frenchman_________American_________Australian_________

④只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的：people,police,couple.

trousers,socks,clothes,pants,jeans,shorts,shoes,gloves,glasses,chopsticks,scissors等

Thepolice_________(be)lookingforthethief.

⑤復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式

A.通常只變_________的名詞

threebananatreestwoflowershops

B.有man和woman構(gòu)成的復(fù)合名詞，______

fivementeachers

twowomendoctors

C.sport做定語時，通常用復(fù)數(shù)

asportsmeetingtwosportsmeetings

⑥集合名詞可單可復(fù)：family,class,team

不可數(shù)名詞

1.常見的不可數(shù)名詞

water,meat,rice,bread,milk,tea,orange,fruit,air,snow,work,paper,time,music,grass,newsfood,fish,porridge,adviceinformationweather,fun

翻譯句子:

(1)這是多么有價值的建議啊!

What

______itis!

(2)RichardClayderman彈奏如此美妙的音樂以致于我們都沉浸其中。

RichardClaydermanplayssuch

______thatallofusarelostinit.

2.不可數(shù)名詞沒有單復(fù)數(shù)之分，不能用數(shù)詞修飾，但是可以用量詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞修飾

apieceofbreadtwopiecesofbread

Twopiecesofbread_________(be)onthedesk.

注意：謂語動詞根據(jù)量詞決定。

3.有些詞既可以是可數(shù)名詞，也可以是不可數(shù)名詞

chicken,fish,orange,room,salad,ice-cream,glass,paper,light,turkey,work,life,beauty等

名詞所有格

1.有生命的名詞通常加’s或’構(gòu)成

①一般在名詞后面加_________

e.g.mymother'sroom

②以s結(jié)尾的名詞復(fù)數(shù)后面加_________

e.g.myfriends’home

③復(fù)合名詞的所有格，只在_________名詞后面加_________

e.g.oneandahalf'stalk

④如果一樣?xùn)|西為幾個人所共有，則在_________一個名詞后加’s；如果不是共有，則在_________名詞后都加’s

e.g.ThisisTomandJack'sroom.

TheseareTom’sandJack'srooms.

2.表示時間，距離等所有格

twohours'ride=two-hourride

5months’holiday=______

3.無生命的所有格，通常由介詞of構(gòu)成

thelegofthedeskthedooroftheroom

4.雙重所有格

afriendofTom'sasisterofmine

名詞的修飾詞

只能修飾可數(shù)名詞只能修飾不可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)不可數(shù)都能修飾

many,few,afew,anumberofmuch,alittle,littlealotof,plentyof,tonsof,some,any

一．根據(jù)句意和提示寫出單詞的適當(dāng)形式

1.InChina,peopleliketovisit_________(親戚)andshareinterestingstorieswitheachotherintheSpring

Festival.

2.Birdsarethenatural_________(敵人)ofmanyinsects.

3.Mydaughterwantstokeepheroldthingsbecausetheybringbacksweet_________(記憶).

4.Iamnotsureiftheir_________(發(fā)音)isright.

5.NowIcanspeakEnglishandwrite_________(日記)inEnglish.

6.Ourteacheroftentellsusnottotalkto_________(陌生人)inthestreets.

7.Whenthepetsgetbetter,thereisthelookofjoyontheir____(主人)faces.

8.Whenteenagershaveproblems,it'sbesttoasktheirparentsorteachersbecausetheyhavemore____(經(jīng)驗(yàn)).

9.Thebabypandasseethekeepers,theyrantothemwith_________(激動).

10.Wewillhavea2-monthsummervacationfrom_________(七月)toAugust.

二．單項(xiàng)選擇

1.TheworldchampionChenMengisverypopular,andnowsheisthe______ofQingdao.

A.praiseB.proudC.prideD.price

2.---Oh,Mum,Ihaveabadtoothache!---Let'sgotoa_________forhelpatonce.

A.dentistB.cookC.actorD.pilot

3.---Sarah,Ihearyouwenttothe_________yesterday,

---Yes!Ihadfunplayingwithsandandswimming.

A.museum

B.beachC.cinemaD.store

4.Jennifertakesalotofexerciseeverydayandsheisalwaysfullof_________.

A.knowledge

B.energyC.change

D.courage

5.Thepeoplewhoaremoreconfidenthavemore_________tomakethemselvessuccessful.

A.education

B.chancesC.prideD.excuses

6.---What'syourfather'sfavorite_________---Animalworld.

A.subjectB.musicC.sportsD.program

7.---Billisill.Doyouknowwhat'swrongwithhim

---Poorboy.Hisillnessisthe_________ofeatingunhealthyfood.

A.reasonB.causeC.resultD.end

8.---Excuseme,whereareyougoing

---I'mgoingtothe_________tomailaletter.

A.supermarket

B.schoolC.museum

D.postoffice

9.Nowadayssome_________madeinChinaarebothgoodandcheap,suchasXiaomimobilephones,Haier

fridgesandLenovocomputers.

A.toolsB.products

C.materials

D.instruments

10.Whatagood_________Ms.Liuhasgivenus!

A.newsB.suggestion

C.information

D.advice

三．完形填空

Frightened.That'showIfeltthatMondaymorningwhenmystudentscameintoclassandbeganaskingoneoftheirclassmatestotellthemwhathadhappenedatthebeachyesterday.

Iwasfrozenin__l__.Beingislanderssurroundedbywater,Iteachmystudentsthattheoceanisnota___2___place,butcanbeverymerciless(無情的)tothosewhomakemistakes.Assuch,myfirstthoughtswerefortheirsafety.Ididaquickheadcount.Theywereallinclassin__3___,Ibecamelessafraidandmore__4____aboutwhathadhappened.ButIwasn'twhollypreparedforthestorytheydid.

Athree-year-oldboyplayinginthewaternearthebeachhadbeenleftnot__5___byhiseldersisterforamoment.Whensheturnedaroundtofindhim,hehaddrowned(溺亡).Worriedfamilymembersandbeachgoers___6___tohelp,butnoonewassurewhattodo.OneofmystudentswasatthebeachthatdayandhadtakenaCPRandfirstaid(急救)course,thatI'dtaughtasanafter-schoolprogramsevenmonthsearlier.Rememberingher___7___,andwiththehelpofaswimmer,shebeganprovidingfirstaidandaskedotherstocall911.Bythetimedoctorsarrived,thechildwas___8____andinhismother'sarms.

Wordsstillfailto__9___howitfeelstohavebeenpartofsuchanamazingevent.WhenIaskedher

howitfelttohavesavedsomeone'slife,“Prettycool,”shesaid.Iguessso.

Asteachers,weknowthatthroughourenergyandeffort,childrenlearnsomethinguseful.Theybecome

interestedandtrytoachievetheirdreams.Inthisway,wehavethe__10__tochangelives.

1.A.painB.angerC.fearD.fact

2.Adangerous

B.mysterious

C.peaceful

D.distant

3.A.wonder

B.placeC.silence

D.surprise

4.A.careful

B.curious

C.angryD.certain

5.A.cared

B.looked

C.dressed

D.guided

6.A.called

B.joinedC.rushedD.decided

7.A.warning

B.training

C.finding

D.reading

8.A.playing

B.dyingC.breathing

D.crying

9.A.express

B.excuse

C.explore

D.exchange

10.A.reason

B.patience

C.challenge

D.power

四．語法填空閱讀短文，從短文下面方框中的六個句子中選擇五個還原到短文中，使短文通順完整、銜接自然。

Ahobbycanbealmostanythingthatapersonlikestodoinhissparetime.Hobbyistsraisepets,watchbirds,paintpictures,playthepianoandgrowflowers.___1___Theycollecteverythingfrombookstobutterfliesandfromboxestostamps.

Peopletakeuphobbiesbecausetheseactivitiesofferenjoyment,friendshipandrelaxation.Hobbieshelppeoplerelaxafteralongtimeofhardwork,andprovideabalance(平衡)betweenworkandplay.Hobbiesofferinterestingactivitiesfortheold.Somehobbiescanmakeachildgrowasapersondevelophisinterestandhelphimlearnnewskills.___2___Doctorshavefoundthathobbiesareusefulinhelpingpatientsrecover(恢復(fù))fromillness.Hobbiesgivepatientswhocan'tmovearoundsomethingtodo,andprovideintereststhatkeepthemfromthinkingaboutthemselves.Manyhospitalstreatpatientsbyhavingthemtakeupinterestinghobbies.___3____

Inearlytimes,mostpeopleweretoobusymakingalivingtohavemanyhobbies.Butsomepersonswhohadsparetimedidenjoyhobbies.____4___Peopletodayhavemoretimethaneverbeforeforhobbies.Machineshavenowreducedmuchtimethatpeoplemustspendontheirjobs.___5___Thosewhohavedevelopedhobbiesneverneedtoworryaboutwhattodowiththeirnewly-foundfreetimehours.

SirWilliamOsler,afamousCanadiandoctorexpressedthevalueofhobbiesbysaying,“Nomanisreallyhappyorsafewithoutahobby."

A.Morepeopleretire(退休)atanearlieragethanbefore.B.Hobbiescanalsohelpapatienttokeephealthy.C.Everyoneshouldhaveahobby.D.TheancientEgyptiansplayedgameswithballsmadeofwood.E.Theyalsogotoconcerts,climbmountains,gofishing,skateandswim.F.Anyone,oldoryoung,sickorwell,richorpoor,canfollowagoodhobby,inspiteofhisage,healthormoney.

閱讀表達(dá)

A

Knownasthebirthplace(發(fā)源地)ofkites.WeifanginShandongProvincehasalonghistoryofmakingkites.MadefrombambooanddecoratedwithtraditionalChinesepaintings,Weifangkite-makingwasincludedinthenational-levelintangibleculturalheritage(國家級非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn))listsin2006.TheInternationalKite

FestivalhasbeenheldinWeifangeveryyearsince1984.

YangHongwei,56,isaninheritor(傳承人)ofWeifangkite-makingskill.Shewasborninakite-makingfamily.Yangoftensawkiteswithbrightcolorsanddifferentshapesinhergrandfather'sworkshop.

Havingaspecialconnectionwithkites,Yanglearnedtheskillfromhergrandfatherattheageof16.Afterpractisingtheskillfor10years,shestartedherownshopin1992.

Inherfreetime,shealsotravelstodifferentcountriesincludingGermany,Australia,theUSandNewZealandtotellpeopleaboutChinesestoriesseenonkitesandthetraditionalwaysofmakingkites."I’maninheritoroftheculture.ItisalsoanimportantjobofminetospreadtheChineseculturearoundtheworld.”shesaid.

1.Whereisthebirthplaceofkites

_____________

2.WhenwastheInternationalKiteFestivalfirstheldinWeifang

_____________

3.WhatdidYangHongweioftenseeinhergrandfather'sworkshop

_____________

4.HowoldwasYangHongweiwhensheopenedherownshop

_____________

5.AccordingtoYangHongwei,whatisanimportantjobofhers

_____________

B

Intoday'sfastworld,everyoneofusmayhavetoomuchstress(壓力).Itisimportantthatyouunderstandanddowithitinarightway.TheUSDepartmentofHealthandHumanServicesoffersthefoll