高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河北省昌黎某中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AFourBookstoCelebrateHispanicCultureHispanicHeritageMonth,anannualcelebrationspanningfromSeptember15toOctober15,isatimetocommemorateandhonortherichcontributionsofHispanicAmericanstotheUnitedStates,whichprovidesanopportunitytodelveintothediversenarrativesandhistoriesthatmakeupHispanicculture.Inthisspirit,wepresentfourbooksthatnotonlyentertainandeducatebutalsoserveasatributetotheresilience,creativity,andspiritofHispaniccommunities.BennyRamírezandtheNearlyDepartedByJoséPabloIriarteBennyistheonlypersonwhocanseetheghostofhisgrandfather,whowasafamousmusician.HeteachesBennyhowtoplaythetrumpet,andtheresultswillhaveyoulaughingoutloud.Thisghoststoryismoreheartwarmingthanscary.Ages8-12.TheDaggersofIreByJ.C.CervantesTheauthorofthepopularStormRunnerserieshaswrittenanewfantasynovel.Esmeraldaisthedescendantofawitch,andshewantstofindaspellthatwillmakeherfatherlesssadabouthermother’sdeath.Butthenastormhitsthetownandallthemagicdisappears.It’suptoEsmereldatosavetheplacesheloves.Ages8-12.Do?aFela’sDreamByMonicaBrown,illustratedbyRosaIbarraFelisaRincóndeGautier(1897–1994)wasthefirstfemalemayorofSanJuan,thecapitalcityofPuertoRico,aCaribbeanislandthatisaUSterritory.ShewasaffectionatelyknownasDo?aFela.Thispicture-bookbiographyexploresherinspiringlife.Ages6andover.MavenTakestheLeadByYamileSaiedMéndezInthefirstinstallmentofanewGirlScoutsNovelseries,Mavenvolunteerstoleadherclassatherschool’sroboticscompetition.Someclassmatesdoubtherabilities,butsheintendstoprovethemwrong.ThisinspiringstoryislikelytoappealtofansofserieslikeTheBaby-SittersCluborTheQuestioneers.Ages8-12.1.WhatistheaimofHispanicHeritageMonth?A.ToexplorethediverseAmericanculture.B.TopromotethespiritofHispaniccommunity.C.Tocelebratethepublicationofthefourbooks.D.TopraisethecontributionsofHispanicAmericans.2.WhatdoesEsmereldainitiallywanttodobyseekingaspell?A.Findhermissingmother. B.Easeherfather’sdepression.C.Protecthertownfromthestorm. D.Restorethemagicofhertown.3.WhatmakesDo?aFela’sDreamdifferentfromtheotherthreeworks?A.Ittellsatruelifestory. B.Itfeaturesafemalecharacter.C.Itshowsaninspiringexperience. D.Itgainspopularityamongadults.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四本頌揚西班牙裔文化的書。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“HispanicHeritageMonth,anannualcelebrationspanningfromSeptember15toOctober15,isatimetocommemorateandhonortherichcontributionsofHispanicAmericanstotheUnitedStates,whichprovidesanopportunitytodelveintothediversenarrativesandhistoriesthatmakeupHispanicculture.(每年9月15日至10月15日舉行的“西班牙裔傳統(tǒng)月”是紀(jì)念和表彰西班牙裔美國人對美國作出的豐富貢獻(xiàn)的時間，這為深入研究構(gòu)成西班牙文化的各種故事和歷史提供了機(jī)會。)”可知，西班牙裔傳統(tǒng)月的目的是贊揚西班牙裔美國人的貢獻(xiàn)。故選D項。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheDaggersofIre部分中“Esmeraldaisthedescendantofawitch,andshewantstofindaspellthatwillmakeherfatherlesssadabouthermother’sdeath.(埃斯梅拉達(dá)是一個女巫的后代，她想找到一個咒語，讓她的父親不那么為她母親的死感到悲傷。)”可知，埃斯梅拉達(dá)最初想通過尋找咒語來緩解她父親的抑郁。故選B項。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通讀全文，根據(jù)Do?aFela’sDream部分中“FelisaRincóndeGautier(1897–1994)wasthefirstfemalemayorofSanJuan,thecapitalcityofPuertoRico,aCaribbeanislandthatisaUSterritory.ShewasaffectionatelyknownasDo?aFela.Thispicture-bookbiographyexploresherinspiringlife.(FelisaRincóndeGautier（1897-1994）是波多黎各的首都圣胡安的第一位女市長，波多黎各是一個加勒比海島嶼，是美國的領(lǐng)土。她被親切地稱為Do?aFela。這本繪本傳記探討了她鼓舞人心的一生。)”可知Do?aFela’sDream講述了一個真實的人生故事，其他三本書（《BennyRamírezandtheNearlyDeparted》《TheDaggersofIre》《MavenTakestheLead》）均為虛構(gòu)故事（如鬼故事、奇幻小說或現(xiàn)實主義小說）。故選A項。BMayaMerhigeismakinghermajorwavesinswimming.Sheisnowthethird-youngestpersontocompleteanathleticchallengeknownastheTripleCrown.Attheageof16,sheswam23milesacrosstheEnglishChannelintheUKwithatimeof11hours,39minutes.MerhigehadalreadycompletedtheothertwoTripleCrownswims.Atage14,withatimeof10hours,48minutes,shebecametheyoungestfemaletoswimthe20-mileCatalinaChannelinCalifornia.Thenextyear,shecompletedthe20BridgesswiminNewYorkCity,adistanceof28.5miles,in8hours,43minutes.Open-waterswimmingbecameherpassionatage9whenshegotinvolvedwithSwimAcrossAmerica,anonprofitorganizationthatfundscancerresearch.“I’vebeenfeelingasI’vegottenolderthatnearlyeveryoneistouchedbycancer,andit’sbecomemoreimportantformetoraisemoneyforthiscause,”Merhige,now17,toldTheWeekJunior.Sinceshestarted,shehasraisedmorethan$100,000.Oneofherfavoriteswimswascrossingthe28-mileKa’iwiChannelinHawaii.Sheswamitatage15,makinghertheyoungestpersontodoso.Ittookhermorethan27hourstocompleteit,andshefacedstrongwindsandjellyfish.Althoughthephysicalandmentalchallengesofhersportaredifficult,Merhigesayshergreatestfearisnotfinishingaswim.NowshesetshersightsoncompletingtheOceansSevenby2029,andwithherTripleCrownswims,shehasfourmoretogo.Assheconsidersthejourneyahead,Merhigesaidithelpsto“constantlyremindmyselftostayinthemoment.”4.WhatdoweknowabouttheTripleCrown?A.Itisforyoungathletes. B.Itisacharityevent.C.Itisaswimmingchallenge. D.Itisanindoorcompetition.5.HowdidMerhige’sinvolvementwithSwimAcrossAmericainfluenceher?A.Itmadeherpassionateaboutswimming.B.Ithelpedherovercomeherfearofjellyfish.C.Ittaughtherhowtoswimintheopenwaters.D.Itinspiredhertoraisefundsforcancerresearch.6.WhydoestheauthormentiontheOceansSeven?A.ToshowMerhige’sfollowingtarget. B.Toemphasizethegame’simportance.C.ToshowcaseMerhige’sachievements. D.Toadvertiseanimportantsportsevent.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMerhige?A.Determinedandkind. B.Ambitiousandclever.C.Professionalandbrave. D.Responsibleandskillful.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述了游泳運動員MayaMerhige在游泳方面取得的成就，以及她為癌癥研究籌集資金的善舉。她完成了被稱為“三冠王”的游泳挑戰(zhàn)，還計劃完成“七大洋”挑戰(zhàn)，同時她積極參與公益，為癌癥研究籌集了大量資金?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Sheisnowthethird-youngestpersontocompleteanathleticchallengeknownastheTripleCrown(她現(xiàn)在是完成被稱為“三冠王”的體育挑戰(zhàn)的第三年輕的人)”以及第二段中“MerhigehadalreadycompletedtheothertwoTripleCrownswims(Merhige已經(jīng)完成了另外兩次“三冠王”游泳挑戰(zhàn))”可知，“三冠王”是一個游泳挑戰(zhàn)。故選C項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Open-waterswimmingbecameherpassionatage9whenshegotinvolvedwithSwimAcrossAmerica,anonprofitorganizationthatfundscancerresearch.“I’vebeenfeelingasI’vegottenolderthatnearlyeveryoneistouchedbycancer,andit’sbecomemoreimportantformetoraisemoneyforthiscause,”Merhige,now17,toldTheWeekJunior.(9歲時，她參加了非營利組織“橫渡美國游泳”，該組織為癌癥研究提供資金，從此，公開水域游泳成了她的愛好?，F(xiàn)年17歲的Merhige告訴《少年周刊》：“隨著年齡的增長，我越來越覺得幾乎每個人都受到癌癥的影響，為這項事業(yè)籌集資金對我來說變得更加重要?！?”可知，Merhige參與“橫渡美國游泳”激發(fā)了她為癌癥研究籌集資金的熱情。故選D項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“NowshesetshersightsoncompletingtheOceansSevenby2029,andwithherTripleCrownswims,shehasfourmoretogo(現(xiàn)在，她的目標(biāo)是在2029年前完成“七大洋”挑戰(zhàn)，在完成了“三冠王”游泳挑戰(zhàn)后，她還有四次挑戰(zhàn)要完成)”可推知，作者提到“七大洋”挑戰(zhàn)是為了表明Merhige接下來的目標(biāo)。故選A項。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Althoughthephysicalandmentalchallengesofhersportaredifficult,Merhigesayshergreatestfearisnotfinishingaswim.NowshesetshersightsoncompletingtheOceansSevenby2029,andwithherTripleCrownswims,shehasfourmoretogo(盡管這項運動在身體和精神上都很有挑戰(zhàn)性，但Merhige說，她最大的恐懼是沒有完成游泳?，F(xiàn)在，她的目標(biāo)是在2029年前完成“七大洋”挑戰(zhàn)，在完成了“三冠王”游泳挑戰(zhàn)后，她還有四次挑戰(zhàn)要完成)”可知，盡管這項運動在身體和精神上都很有挑戰(zhàn)性，但Merhige說，她最大的恐懼是沒有完成游泳。現(xiàn)在，她的目標(biāo)是在2029年前完成“七大洋”挑戰(zhàn)，可推知，Merhige是個有決心的人；再結(jié)合第三段中““I’vebeenfeelingasI’vegottenolderthatnearlyeveryoneistouchedbycancer,andit’sbecomemoreimportantformetoraisemoneyforthiscause,”Merhige,now17,toldTheWeekJunior.Sinceshestarted,shehasraisedmorethan$100,000(現(xiàn)年17歲的Merhige告訴《少年周刊》：“隨著年齡的增長，我越來越覺得幾乎每個人都受到癌癥的影響，為這項事業(yè)籌集資金對我來說變得更加重要?！睆乃_始，她已經(jīng)籌集了超過10萬美元)”可知，為癌癥研究這項事業(yè)籌集資金對MayaMerhige來說變得更加重要，可推知，Merhige是個善良的人。故選A項。CArtificialintelligence(AI)iseverywherethesedays,evenintheareaoftheNobelPrizes.Thisyear’sprizeinphysicshonorsJohnHopfieldofPrincetonUniversityandGeoffreyHintonoftheUniversityofTorontofortheirworkonartificialneuralnetworks,themodelsofbrain-likesystemsthatcanlearntorecognizepatternsandthathavepoweredtheongoingAIrevolution.The$1millionprizecitestheoriginsofthatworkinstatisticalphysics.Theawardappearstohavetakenoneofthenewwinnersbysurprise.“I’mflabbergasted,”Hintonsaidduringtheannouncementthisweek.Butstatisticalphysicistsarepleasedtoseetheirabstractfieldgrabashareoftheattention.“Forus,it’ssuper-great,”saysAurélienDecelleoftheComplutenseUniversityofMadrid.“It’srecognitionatthebroaderlevelthatwhatwe’redoingmattersalot.”Yettheawardseemslikelytocausesomecriticismthatthecitedworkisnotphysics.“Notmorethan10minutesago,Iheardthesamecommentsinthecorridor,”Decellesays.Theprizecouldalsoraisehowlsfromcomputerscientistswhomightwantrecognitionforlater,moretechnologicallyrelevantwork.Whetherallofthiscountsasphysicsmaydependonwhomyouask.AustenLamacraft,astatisticalphysicistattheUniversityofCambridge,notesthatneuralnetworks“havelongbeenconsideredapartofstatisticalphysics.”HintonpredictstheAIrevolutionwilldoforintellectualworkwhattheIndustrialRevolutiondidforphysicallabor.Buthealsoworriesaboutthedownsidesforsociety.HeleftajobatGooglein2023becauseoffearsofunintendedconsequences,concernsheraisedagainthisweek.“Wealsohavetoworryaboutanumberofpossiblebadconsequences,particularlythethreatofthesethingsgettingoutofcontrol.”8.Whatisparagraph1mainlyabout?A.ThestrengthsoftheongoingAIrevolution.B.TheworkofthetwowinnersoftheNobelPrize.C.Thepopularityofartificialintelligencethesedays.D.Theintroductionofthisyear’sNobelPrizeinphysics.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“flabbergasted”meaninparagraph2?A.Confused. B.Disappointed. C.Astonished. D.Interested.10.Whatmightcomputerscientiststhinkoftheprize?A.Thewinnersarenotfromtheirfield. B.Theirworkisnotrecognizedenough.C.Theprizeisnotassociatedwithphysics. D.Theawardisnotsorelatedtotechnology.11.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.AIrevolutionwillbenefitphysicallabor.B.ThethreatsofAIwilloutweighitsbenefits.C.HintonadvocatesforstricterAIregulations.D.AIdevelopmentmaybringunintendedoutcomes.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹今年諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎授予兩位在人工神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)領(lǐng)域工作的科學(xué)家所引發(fā)的爭議以及關(guān)于AI發(fā)展的潛在風(fēng)險的討論?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Artificialintelligence(AI)iseverywherethesedays,evenintheareaoftheNobelPrizes.Thisyear’sprizeinphysicshonorsJohnHopfieldofPrincetonUniversityandGeoffreyHintonoftheUniversityofTorontofortheirworkonartificialneuralnetworks,themodelsofbrain-likesystemsthatcanlearntorecognizepatternsandthathavepoweredtheongoingAIrevolution.(如今，人工智能（AI）無處不在，甚至與諾貝爾獎領(lǐng)域產(chǎn)生了交集。今年的諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎授予了普林斯頓大學(xué)的約翰?霍普菲爾德和多倫多大學(xué)的杰弗里?辛頓，以表彰他們在人工神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)方面的研究成果——這種類腦系統(tǒng)模型能夠通過學(xué)習(xí)識別模式，也為當(dāng)下的人工智能革命提供了核心動力)”可知，第一段主要介紹了今年諾貝爾物理獎的獲得情況。故選D?！?題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theawardappearstohavetakenoneofthenewwinnersbysurprise.“I’m

flabbergasted,”Hintonsaidduringtheannouncementthisweek.

(這個獎項似乎讓一位新獲獎?wù)叽蟪砸惑@?！拔襢labbergasted,”Hinton在本周的宣布會上說)”可知，這個獎項讓其中一位獲獎?wù)叽蟪砸惑@，此處指在發(fā)布會上Hinton表達(dá)了自己的驚訝。由此猜測，劃線詞意為“吃驚的”，與astonished同義。故選C?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Theprizecouldalsoraisehowlsfromcomputerscientistswhomightwantrecognitionforlater,moretechnologicallyrelevantwork.(該獎項還有可能引發(fā)計算機(jī)科學(xué)家的不滿——他們或許希望自己后續(xù)那些與技術(shù)關(guān)聯(lián)更緊密的研究能獲得認(rèn)可)”可知，計算機(jī)科學(xué)家對該獎項表示不滿，希望自己那些與技術(shù)關(guān)聯(lián)更緊密的研究能獲得認(rèn)可。由此推知，他們認(rèn)為自己的工作沒有獲得足夠的認(rèn)可。故選B?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Buthealsoworriesaboutthedownsidesforsociety.HeleftajobatGooglein2023becauseoffearsofunintendedconsequences,concernsheraisedagainthisweek.“Wealsohavetoworryaboutanumberofpossiblebadconsequences,particularlythethreatofthesethingsgettingoutofcontrol.”(但他也擔(dān)心這會給社會帶來負(fù)面影響。2023年，由于擔(dān)心可能出現(xiàn)意外后果，他辭去了在谷歌的工作——這一擔(dān)憂在本周再次被他提及?！拔覀冞€必須警惕一系列潛在的不良后果，尤其是這些技術(shù)可能失控的風(fēng)險?！?”推知，本段暗示了人工智能的發(fā)展可能帶來非預(yù)期的后果。故選D。DAgrowingnumberoftheplanet’s“vitalsigns”thatreflectthestateoftheclimateandthewiderenvironmentareworryinglybad,accordingtoaseverereport.“Weareontheedgeofanirreversible(不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的)climatedisaster,”writesWilliamRippleatOregonStateUniversityandhiscolleagues.“Thisisaglobalemergencybeyondanydoubt.”TheirassessmentcomesinthefifthannualStateoftheClimatereportledbyRippleinanefforttopresentaclearwarningofwhattheresearcherssayisacrisisgiventheextremesmeasuredacrosskeyindicators(指標(biāo)),fromgreenhousegaslevelstotreecoverloss.“Theclimatecrisisisn’tadistantthreat,it’sahere-and-nowcrisis,”saysMichaelMannattheUniversityofPennsylvania,oneofseveralwell-knownco-authorsofthereport.Theresearchersassessed35“planetaryvitalsigns”,includingtheamountofheatintheoceansandthethicknessofglaciers.Ofthose35indicators,thereportfinds25ofthemhavereachedrecordlevelsthisyear,mostofthembreakingrecordssetin2023.Theimpactsofclimatechangehavealsoreachedrecordlevels.Thereismoreheatintheoceansandseawaterismoreacidic,whilesealevelcontinuestorise.Theproportionofemissionscoveredbycarbonpricingalsorosetorecordlevelsthisyear,andtherateofdeforestationinBrazilsawadecline.Someoftheindicatorssetrecordsintherightdirectionintermsofreducingclimatechange.Forinstance,solarandwindenergyconsumptionreachedrecordhighs,andintheworldoffinancetherewasarecordlevelofwithdrawalfromfossilfuels.Whilemanyeffortshavebeenmade,theyarefarfromsufficient.Actually,wearefailingtoavoidseriousimpacts,andwecannowonlyhopetolimittheextentofthedamage.12.WhatisthemainfocusofthereportledbyRipple?A.Themethodstosolvetheclimateproblem.B.Theachievementsinclimatechangeresearch.C.Anurgentwarningofthecurrentclimatecrisis.D.Theimpactsofclimatechangeonhumanhealth.13.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3?A.Theclimatehasbeenimprovinginrecentyears.B.Thesituationofclimatechangeisgettingworse.C.Thenumberof“planetaryvitalsigns”hasdecreased.D.Mostofthe“planetaryvitalsigns”arewithinsafelimits.14.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthecurrentclimatesituation?A.Optimistic. B.Concerned. C.Indifferent. D.Skeptical.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Earth’sVitalSignsSparkAlarm B.Earth’sClimateChangesGraduallyC.Earth’sIndicatorsReachManyRecords D.Earth’sVitalSignsAcceptsAssessment【答案】12.C13.B14.B15.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了由威廉·里普爾（WilliamRipple）主導(dǎo)的第五份年度《氣候狀況報告》，該報告指出反映氣候和更廣泛環(huán)境狀況的地球“生命體征”大多堪憂，發(fā)出了當(dāng)前氣候危機(jī)的緊急警告，同時提及雖在部分方面有進(jìn)展，但現(xiàn)狀仍不容樂觀?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“TheirassessmentcomesinthefifthannualStateoftheClimatereportledbyRippleinanefforttopresentaclearwarningofwhattheresearcherssayisacrisisgiventheextremesmeasuredacrosskeyindicators(指標(biāo)),fromgreenhousegaslevelstotreecoverloss.(他們的評估來自里普爾領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的第五份年度《氣候狀況報告》，鑒于從溫室氣體水平到樹木覆蓋損失等關(guān)鍵指標(biāo)的極端測量結(jié)果，該報告旨在對研究人員所說的危機(jī)發(fā)出明確警告)”可知，里普爾領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的報告主要焦點是對當(dāng)前氣候危機(jī)發(fā)出緊急警告。故選C項。【13題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Ofthose35indicators,thereportfinds25ofthemhavereachedrecordlevelsthisyear,mostofthembreakingrecordssetin2023.Theimpactsofclimatechangehavealsoreachedrecordlevels.Thereismoreheatintheoceansandseawaterismoreacidic,whilesealevelcontinuestorise.(在這35項指標(biāo)中，報告發(fā)現(xiàn)其中25項今年達(dá)到了創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄水平，其中大多數(shù)打破了2023年創(chuàng)下的紀(jì)錄。氣候變化的影響也達(dá)到了創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄水平。海洋中有更多熱量，海水酸性更強(qiáng)，而海平面繼續(xù)上升)”可知，大部分指標(biāo)創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄且氣候變化影響加劇，說明氣候變化的形勢正在惡化。故選B項。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whilemanyeffortshavebeenmade,theyarefarfromsufficient.Actually,wearefailingtoavoidseriousimpacts,andwecannowonlyhopetolimittheextentofthedamage.(雖然已經(jīng)做出了許多努力，但遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠。實際上，我們未能避免嚴(yán)重影響，現(xiàn)在我們只能希望限制損害的程度)”可知，作者認(rèn)為目前的努力不足以應(yīng)對氣候變化，只能盡量限制損害，表達(dá)出對當(dāng)前氣候狀況的擔(dān)憂。故選B項?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。主要介紹了由威廉·里普爾（WilliamRipple）主導(dǎo)的第五份年度《氣候狀況報告》，該報告指出反映氣候和更廣泛環(huán)境狀況的地球“生命體征”大多堪憂，發(fā)出了當(dāng)前氣候危機(jī)的緊急警告，同時提及雖在部分方面有進(jìn)展，但現(xiàn)狀仍不容樂觀。故A選項“地球的生命體征敲響警鐘”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選A項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。EffectiveWaystoImproveYourCommunicationSkillsHaveyoueverdealtwithasimplemisunderstandingthatcouldhavebeensolvedwithmorecommunication?____16____Someonewithstrongcommunicationskillscanbuildpositiveconnections,strengthentheirrelationships,andsolveconflicts.Thisguidecanteachyouthebasicssoyoucangetyourpointacrossquicklyandcalmly.Beforeyouspeak,it’sessentialtoorganizeyourthoughtsbyusingkeypoints.Agoodruleistochoosethreemainpointstocenteryourconversationaround.Thatway,ifyoustayawayfromthemainpoint,you’llbeabletoreturntooneormoreofyourpointswithoutfeelinganxious.Ifpossible,writeyourtalkingpointsdownonyourphone’sNotesapporanindexcardforreference.____17____Communication,however,isnotjustabouttalking.____18____Byactivelylistening,youcanmeasurehowmuchofyourmessageisgettingthroughyourlistener(s)andwhetherornotit’sbeingreceivedcorrectlyorneedstobeadjusted.Ifyouraudienceneedsclarification,askingforfeedbackusoftenhelpful.Moreover,maintainingeyecontactduringaconversationorpresentationcanbuildconnection,helpconvinceothersyou’retrustworthyandshowinterest.Duringaconversationorpresentation,maintaineyecontactforaslongasitfeelsnatural.Nevertheless,beawarethateyecontactisculturallydetermined.Insomecultures,itisconsideredtobeunsettlingorinappropriate.____19____Inadditiontoverbalandvisualcues,yourbodylanguagealsoplaysapivotalroleincommunication.Strivetoreflectpassionusingsoft,gentle,awarefacialexpressions.Avoidnegativefacialexpressions,suchasfrownsorraisedeyebrows.____20____Ifyouneedtolearntheculture,askquestionsaboutthecommunicationchallengesyoumightfacebeforeyoustarttospeakwithpeopleinanunfamiliarculturalcontext.A.Communicationisatwo-waystreet.B.Payattentiontonon-verbalcommunication.C.Askaboutthisinparticularordoresearchinadvance.D.Effectivecommunicationisaboutexpressingyourfeelingsclearly.E.Similarly,besuretoexpressclearlytoavoidanykindofmisunderstanding.F.Thiswillhelpyoustayontopicandbeabsolutelyclearaboutyourintention.G.Whatisorisn’tnegativedependsonthecontext,especiallytheculturalcontext.【答案】16.D17.F18.A19.C20.G【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了幾個提高溝通技巧的建議?！?6題詳析】上文“Haveyoueverdealtwithasimplemisunderstandingthatcouldhavebeensolvedwithmorecommunication?(你是否曾經(jīng)處理過一個簡單的誤解，而這個誤解本可以通過更多的溝通來解決？)”指出有時一個誤解可以用簡單的溝通來解決，下文“Someonewithstrongcommunicationskillscanbuildpositiveconnections,strengthentheirrelationships,andsolveconflicts.

(溝通能力強(qiáng)的人可以建立積極的聯(lián)系，加強(qiáng)他們的關(guān)系，解決沖突)”指出溝通能力強(qiáng)的人能解決沖突。由此可知，有效的交流是清楚地表達(dá)自己。D項“有效的溝通是關(guān)于清楚地表達(dá)你的感受?！狈险Z境，承上啟下。故選D?！?7題詳析】空處位于段末，應(yīng)承接上文。上文“Ifpossible,writeyourtalkingpointsdownonyourphone’sNotesapporanindexcardforreference.(如果可能的話，把你的談話要點寫在手機(jī)的Notes應(yīng)用程序或索引卡上以供參考)”建議可以把談話的要點寫在手機(jī)Notes應(yīng)用程序或索引卡上，由此推知，空處應(yīng)陳述這樣做的好處。F項“這能幫助你緊扣主題，并且對自己的意圖有絕對清晰的認(rèn)知。”符合語境，this指代上文建議的方法。故選F?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Communication,however,isnotjustabouttalking.(然而，溝通不僅僅是交談)”和下文“Byactivelylistening,youcanmeasurehowmuchofyourmessageisgettingthroughyourlistener(s)andwhetherornotit’sbeingreceivedcorrectlyorneedstobeadjusted.(通過積極傾聽，你能夠判斷自己傳遞的信息有多少被聽者接收到了，以及這些信息是否被正確理解，或者是否需要進(jìn)行調(diào)整)”可知，溝通不僅僅包括交談還包括傾聽，因此溝通是雙向的。A項“溝通是雙向的?！狈险Z境，承上啟下。故選A。【19題詳析】空處位于段末，應(yīng)承接上文。根據(jù)上文“Duringaconversationorpresentation,maintaineyecontactforaslongasitfeelsnatural.Nevertheless,beawarethateyecontactisculturallydetermined.Insomecultures,itisconsideredtobeunsettlingorinappropriate.(在交談或演講時，保持自然舒適的眼神交流即可。不過需要注意的是，眼神交流的方式因文化而異——在某些文化中，這樣的眼神接觸會被視為令人不安或不合時宜的行為)”可知，交談時要保持自然的眼神交流，但在某些文化中，眼神接觸為被認(rèn)為是令人不安的或不合時宜的。由此可知，在交流前可以詢問或調(diào)查眼神交流問題。C項“特別詢問這個問題，或者提前做研究?！狈险Z境。故選C?！?0題詳析】上文“Inadditiontoverbalandvisualcues,yourbodylanguagealsoplaysapivotalroleincommunication.Strivetoreflectpassionusingsoft,gentle,awarefacialexpressions.Avoidnegativefacialexpressions,suchasfrownsorraisedeyebrows.(除了語言信號和視覺信號，你的肢體語言在交流中也扮演著關(guān)鍵角色。要努力通過柔和、溫和且專注的面部表情傳遞熱情，同時避免負(fù)面的面部表情，比如皺眉或挑眉)”指出要用積極的肢體語言，同時避免負(fù)面的表情，結(jié)合下文“Ifyouneedtolearntheculture,askquestionsaboutthecommunicationchallengesyoumightfacebeforeyoustarttospeakwithpeopleinanunfamiliarculturalcontext.

(如果你需要了解相關(guān)文化，在與陌生文化背景的人交流之前，先問問對方你可能會遇到哪些溝通方面的問題)”可知，關(guān)于什么是積極什么是消極取決于文化背景。G項“某事是否帶有負(fù)面意味，取決于具體語境，尤其是文化語境?！狈险Z境，承上啟下，culturecontext是關(guān)鍵詞。故選G。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15分；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。ItrainedmyselftoloveRambobyreasoningthathewasjustaneight-leggedcat.Rambowasaninfant,atarantula(狼蛛)whowasexpectedtoliveaboutsevenyears.Atfirst,ourrelationshipconsistedofme____21____himcautiouslyinhisbox,checkingthathecouldn’tescape.Astheweekspassed,I____22____upthecouragetostrokeandeventuallyholdhim.Itookgreat____23____inhisdelicatefeetandwasfascinatedbytheinvisiblehooks(鉤子)that____24____themselvestomypalmwhenIswunghimupsidedown.OurfavoriteactivitywastowatchDexter,theserialkillerdrama,onmylaptop.RambosatonmykneeasIstrokedhisplumplittlerump.Itis____25____thattarantulastendtobitepeoplebutItrustedhimcompletely.____26____,poorRambostillterrifiedeveryoneelseinhalls.My____27____thathewasn’tyetfullygrown—andcouldn’topenfiredoors—fellondeafears,andIwasinformedbytheapartmentmanagerthathewouldhaveto____28____,andshewouldsearchmyroomafterward.AlthoughI____29____hercommitment,IpackedRambooffonholidaytoafriend’splacetobesafe.Rambowasthereformewhenmybelovedboyfriend____30____meandIwasdiagnosedwithborderlinepersonalitydisorder,aconditionthatiswidely____31____andoverstated.Irealizedthereasonwhywebecamefriendswasthatitwashardforbothofustoget____32____.AdecadehaspassedsinceRambodiedbutI’mstillchasingthe____33____Ihadwithhim.Hemightnothavebeena(n)____34____furrycompanion,buthiscapacityforfriendshipwasevengreaterthanhiscapacityto____35____.21.A.hitting B.eyeing C.smelling D.touching22.A.brought B.hung C.gathered D.set23.A.interest B.pride C.comfort D.part24.A.exposed B.glued C.compared D.devoted25.A.assumed B.forecast C.recommended D.known26.A.Obviously B.Naturally C.Unfortunately D.Ultimately27.A.puzzle B.order C.insistence D.advice28.A.stay B.leave C.hide D.change29.A.admired B.believed C.feared D.doubted30.A.brokeupwith B.stoodupfor C.putupwith D.coveredupfor31.A.confirmed B.accepted C.misunderstood D.ignored32.A.help B.love C.chance D.success33.A.promise B.encounter C.conflict D.bond34.A.natural B.voluntary C.unusual D.ordinary35.A.frighten B.comfort C.entertain D.protect【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.B25.D26.C27.C28.B29.D30.A31.C32.B33.D34.D35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者與一只名為Rambo的狼蛛之間建立起的特殊友誼，以及Rambo在作者生活中的重要意義?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：起初，我們的關(guān)系只是我小心翼翼地看著盒子里的他，確認(rèn)他不會逃掉。A.hitting擊打；B.eyeing注視，盯著看；C.smelling聞；D.touching觸摸。根據(jù)下文“cautiouslyinhisbox,checkingthathecouldn’tescape”可知，作者一開始只是小心地“盯著”Rambo看，確保它不會逃跑。故選B項。【22題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：幾周后，我鼓起勇氣撫摸他，最后甚至抱起了他。A.brought帶來；B.hung懸掛；C.gathered聚集；D.set設(shè)置。根據(jù)下文“thecouragetostrokeandeventuallyholdhim”可知，作者“鼓起”勇氣撫摸并抱起了Rambo，gatherupthecourage為固定短語，意為“鼓起勇氣”。故選C項?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我對他纖細(xì)的腳很感興趣，并且當(dāng)我把他倒過來時，那些看不見的鉤子粘在我手掌上的樣子讓我著迷。A.interest興趣；B.pride驕傲；C.comfort舒適；D.part部分。根下文“wasfascinatedby”可知，作者對Rambo的腳非?！案信d趣”，takeinterestin為固定短語，意為“對……感興趣”。故選A項?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.exposed暴露；B.glued粘住，粘牢；C.compared比較；D.devoted奉獻(xiàn)。根上文“theinvisiblehooks”和下文“whenIswunghimupsidedown”可知，當(dāng)作者把Rambo倒過來時，他腳上的鉤子會“牢牢粘在”作者的手掌上，描述鉤子的吸附特性。故選B項。【25題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：眾所周知，狼蛛往往會咬人，但我完全信任他。A.assumed假設(shè)；B.forecast預(yù)測；C.recommended推薦；D.known知道。根下文“tarantulastendtobitepeople”可知，狼蛛會咬人是“眾所周知”的事情，Itisknownthat...為固定句型，意為“眾所周知……”。故選D項?！?6題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：遺憾的是，可憐的Rambo仍然嚇壞了公寓里的其他人。A.Obviously顯然，顯而易見地；B.Naturally自然地；C.Unfortunately遺憾地，不幸地；D.Ultimately最終。根據(jù)下文“poorRambostillterrifiedeveryoneelseinhalls”以及“IpackedRambooffonholidaytoafriend’splacetobesafe.”可知，Rambo嚇壞了公寓里的其他人，這對作者來說是件“遺憾”的事情，因為這意味著狼蛛很有可能得離開公寓。故選C項?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我堅持說他還沒有完全長大，也打不開防火門，但我的話沒人聽，公寓管理員告訴我他必須離開，之后她會搜查我的房間。A.puzzle謎題；B.order命令；C.insistence堅持，堅決要求；D.advice建議。根據(jù)下文“thathewasn’tyetfullygrown—andcouldn’topenfiredoors—fellondeafears”可知，作者一直堅持說狼蛛還沒長大，也打不開防火門，但是無人理會。insistence“堅持”符合語境，故選C項。【28題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.stay停留；B.leave離開；C.hide隱藏；D.change改變。根據(jù)下文“shewouldsearchmyroomafterward”以及“ IpackedRambooffonholidaytoafriend’splacetobesafe.”可知，公寓管理員告訴作者Rambo必須“離開”，之后她會搜查作者的房間。故選B項?！?9題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我懷疑她的決心，但為了安全起見，我還是把Rambo送到一個朋友家度假去了。A.admired欽佩；B.believed相信；C.feared害怕；D.doubted懷疑。根據(jù)上文“Although”和下文“IpackedRambooffonholidaytoafriend’splacetobesafe.”可知，雖然作者對宿舍管理員的決心持“懷疑”態(tài)度，但還是采取了措施。故選D項?！?0題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：當(dāng)我心愛的男朋友和我分手，我被診斷出患有邊緣型人格障礙——一種被廣泛誤解和夸大的疾病時，Rambo一直在我身邊。A.brokeupwith與……分手，（同某人）絕交；B.stoodupfor支持，維護(hù)；C.putupwith忍受；D.coveredupfor為……掩蓋。根據(jù)上文“mybelovedboyfriend”和下文“Iwasdiagnosedwithborderlinepersonalitydisorder”可知，作者被診斷出患有邊緣型人格障礙，所以他應(yīng)該是經(jīng)歷了和男友“分手”的打擊。故選A項?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.confirmed確認(rèn)；B.accepted接受；C.misunderstood誤解；D.ignored忽視。根下文“andoverstated”可知，邊緣型人格障礙是一種被廣泛“誤解”和夸大的疾病。故選C項?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我意識到我們成為朋友的原因是我們倆都很難得到愛。A.help幫助；B.love愛，關(guān)愛；C.chance機(jī)會；D.success成功。根據(jù)上文“webecamefriends”以及作者和狼蛛的經(jīng)歷可知，狼蛛被要求離開公寓，作者和心愛的男友分手，她們都很難得到“愛”，也正是因為這一點，她們成為了朋友。故選B項?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Rambo已經(jīng)去世十年了，但我仍在追尋我們之間的那種親密關(guān)系。A.promise承諾；B.encounter遭遇；C.conflict沖突；D.bond親密關(guān)系，紐帶。根據(jù)上文“thereasonwhywebecamefriends”和“AdecadehaspassedsinceRambodiedbutI’mstillchasing”可知，作者和狼蛛建立了特殊的友誼“紐帶”，因此在狼蛛去世十年后，作者仍對和Rambo之間的那種“親密關(guān)系，紐帶”念念不忘。故選D項?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他可能不是一個普通的毛茸茸的伙伴，但他交友的能力甚至超過了他嚇唬人的能力。A.natural自然的；B.voluntary自愿的；C.unusual不尋常的；D.ordinary普通的。