新課標(biāo)高中英語(yǔ)必修2Unit3puter全單元教案M2Unit

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puterPeriod1:Warmin/gup(WHOAMI?)WarmingupThissectionisanintroductiontothetopic．Itistogetthestudentsthinkingaboutthedifferentwaysputerscanbemade．Dothispartofthelessoninpairsandasaspeakingactivity．WarmingupbytalkingaboutputerLookatthepicturesonpage17.Whatarethey?Whatdotheyhaveinmon?Yes,theyareputers.Thenwhatisaputer?Aputerisamachinewhichstoresknowledgeinitsmemoryanddoescalculationsonthatknowledge.Thisknowledgeisstoredinsymbols;itiscalleddata.Aputerusuallyhasamonitortoshowresults.However,someputerscanspeak;theseputerscanbeusedforvoicemail.DrawontheblackboardadiagramtoillustratetheinfluenceoftheputerandtheInternetovertheschooleducation．Belowisadiagramyoumayliketouse．Askstudentstolookatthediagramandconsider,”WhatchangeshaveputersandtheInternetbroughttoschools?Whatchangeswilltheybringtoschoolsinthefuture?”AsktheSstoworkingroupsandtomakealistofthepossiblechangestheycanthinkof．Whenmostofthegroupshavetheirlistsready,theteachercanholdaclassdiscussion．Writedownthemajorchangesthestudentsthinkofunder/besidethediagram．Theteachercanaddoneortwochangesthatmayaffecttheirownteaching．Forexample,“putersandtheInternetcanhelpbusyparentscontactteachersbyemail．”Theteachercanendthetaskwithabriefsummary,orholdafurtherdiscussiontofindoutstudents'personalopinionsaboutthechanges．Forexample,askthem,“Doyoulikeallthesechanges?Whyandwhynot?Whatchangesdoyoulike/dislike?”Someinformation:計(jì)算機(jī)室Aputerfrequentlyrequiresabootdevice.Thebootdevicecontainstheputer’soperatingsystemanddata.puterprogramscanbeinstalledontoaputer.SomepeoplethinkthatputersarelessusefuliftheydonothaveaccesstotheInternet.TheythinkthisbecausetheInternetallowstheputerstosendandreceivedataandemailacrosstheworld.曙光3000巨型計(jì)算機(jī)Aputerisnowalmostalwaysanelectronicdevice.Itusuallycontainsmaterialswhicharetoxic;thesematerialswillbeetoxicwastewhendisposedof.Whenanewputerispurchasedinsomeplaces,lawsrequirethatthecostofitswastemanagementmustalsobepaidfor.Thisiscalledproductstewardship.Insomecountriesoldputersarerecycled(melteddown)togetgoldandothermetals.Thisisdangerous,becausethisprocedurereleasesthetoxicwasteintothewaterandsoil.putersbeeobsoletequickly.Veryoftentheyaregivenawayandnewonesreplacethemwithintwoorthreeyears.Thismakestheproblemworse.puterrecyclingisthusmon.Manyprojectstrytosendworkingputerstodevelopingnationssotheycanbereusedandwillnotbeewasteasquickly.puterjargon計(jì)算機(jī)行話puterjargonmeanswordstodowithputersandsurroundingtopics.Knowingwhatthesewordsmeancanhelpyouknowmoreaboutputers.Somepeopleusethesewordstoimpressotherpeople(Alsoknownasbuzzwords).Examplesofjargon:BitThesmallestdataunit,caneitherbea“0.”ora“1.”.Byteunitofdata.SeealsoKilobyte,Megabyte,GigabyteandNibbleCPU–CentralProcessingUnit,AnothernameforprocessorDataInformationstoredonaputerDiskAplacetostoredata.EmailElectronicmail.GHzGigahertz.Usedoftenincorrectlytodescribethespeedofaprocessor.Butwithsome2.4GHzprocessorsfasterthan3.6GHzones,itisclearthatitisjustasalesmantrick.LoadGetdatafromadiskNibbleHalfaByteSavePutdataonadiskRAM–randomaccessmemory(隨機(jī)存取存儲(chǔ)器),themorethebetter.USBUniversalSerialBus（通用串行總線，一種簡(jiǎn)化了插接多種附件的薄型插座）WorldWideWeb,partoftheInternetPeriod23Prereading&ReadingPrereadingThiscanbeacontinuationoftheWarmingUp．LetthestudentsdiscussthequestionssetoutintheStudent'sBook．1.QuestioningandansweringWhatdoyouknowaboutputer?●Electronicmachinecapableofperformingcalculationsandothermanipulationsofvarioustypesofdata,underthecontrolofastoredsetofinstructions.Themachineitselfisthehardware;theinstructionsaretheprogramorsoftware.Dependinguponsize,putersarecalledmainframes,miniputers,andmicroputers.Microputersincludedesktopandportablepersonalputers.●Amultifunctionelectronicdevicethatcanexecuteinstructionstoperformatask.●Adevicethatacceptsinformation,processesit,andsuppliesanoutput.Aputerusuallycontainsmemory,acontrolunit,arithmeticandlogicalunits,andameansforinputandoutput.●aprogrammablehardwareponentthatiscontrolledbyinternallystoredprogramsandthatcanperformsubstantialputations(includingarithmeticandlogicoperations)withouthumanintervention.Aputertypicallyconsistsofoneormoreprocessingunits,memoryunits,andassociatedperipheralinputandoutputdevices.●Relatedtoautomationandelectronicdataprocessing.TheLibraryofCongressmonlyclassesmostputerrelatedbooksinHF5548,QA7576,Z52,T385,andsomeTKranges.●amachineforperformingcalculationsautomaticallycalculator:anexpertatcalculation(oratoperatingcalculatingmachines)●Aputerisadeviceormachineformakingcalculationsorcontrollingoperationsthatareexpressibleinnumericalorlogicalterms.putersareconstructedfromponentsthatperformsimplewelldefinedfunctions.Theplexinteractionsoftheseponentsendowputerswiththeabilitytoprocessinformation.Ifcorrectlyconfigured(usuallyby,programming)aputercanbemadetorepresentsomeaspectofaproblemorpartofasystem.Ifaputerconfiguredinthiswayisgive2.DiscussingandsharingHowhaveputerschangedourlives?Somedaysoon,ifyouhaven’talready,you’relikelytoplugintotheputernetworknationgrowinginourmidst.puterterminals,orsmallputersconnectedviamodem(amodulator/demodulatorcircuitforencoding/decodingputerchatter)toordinarytelephonelines,shouldbeasubiquitousasthetelephoneitself.They’reamuchmoreusefulandhumanetoolthanthephone,andwithcorporateAmericabehindthemthenetworkswillbeeverywherechangingourlivesmorethananytechnologysincetheautomobile.Joiningaputernetworkisthesameasjoiningamunity.Smallsystemsarelikevillages,wherenewmembersareformallyweled.Thelargernetworks,theSourceandpuServe,forexample,arecitiesanonymous,fulloflifeandevents,butdifficulttofitinto.II.ReadingThisisthepurposeofthereadingandsoitisimportantthatthestudentslearntouseallthecluesinthetexttohelpthemunderstandthegistofwhattheyarereading．Soencouragethemtolookatthepicturesandtheheadingandguesswhatthetextmightbeabout．Thenasktheclasstoreadthepassagesilently．Makesurethestudentshavethechronologyofthedevelopmentofputersintheirminds．Askthem:1.ListeningandreadingtotherecordingofthetextWHOAMI?Turntopage18andlistenandreadtotherecordingofthetext.Payattentiontothepauses,pronunciationandintonationofthenativereader.2.ReadingaloudandunderliningexpressionsNowwearetoreadthetextonceagainandunderlinealltheexpressionsinthetext.Putthemdownintoyournotebookafterclassashomework.CollocationsfromWHOAMI?beginas…,acalculatingmachine,bebuiltas…,followinstructionsfrom…,soundsimple,atthetime,atechnologicalrevolution,writeabook,make…work,solveproblems,beehuge,hadartificialintelligence,gobackto…,thesizeof…,goby,changesize,beesmallandthin,getquick,standtherebyoneself,beconnectedby…,shareinformationby…,talkto…,bring…into…,dealwith…,municatewith…,servethehumanrace3.Reading,identifyingandsettlingAttention,please!Itistimetoskimthetextonemoretimeandidentifythedifficultsentences.Tryanalyzingthestructuresofthedifficultsentencesanddiscussthemamongyourgroupmembers.Youmayalsoputyourquestionstomeforhelp.Chat（online）（在線）聊天Tochatistotalkaboutordinarythingsthatarenotveryimportant.Youcanchattoonepersonortomanypeople.PeoplealsousethiswordnowforpartsoftheInternetwherewecantalkwithmanydifferentpeopleatthesametime.Usually,youchatontheinternetinachatroomormessagingservicelikeAOL(AmericanOnLine)InstantMessenger(AIM),YahooMessenger,orMSNMessenger.IV.ClosingdownbydoingprehendingexercisesTurntopage18andinpairsdotheprehendingexercisesNo.1and2.ReadingandtransferringScanthetextforinformationtopletethetablebelow,describingthedevelopmentofputer.In1642

In1822

In1936

In1960sIn1970sAnswerkey:1642:Theputerbeganasacalculatingmachine．1822:TheAnalyticalMachinewas

madebyCharlesBabbage．1936:AlanTuringwroteabooktodescribehowputerscouldbemadetowork．1960s:putershadnewtransistorsandbecamesmaller．1960s:Thefirstfamilyofputersconnectedtoeachother．1970s:puterswerebroughtintopeople'shomes．Now:putersconnectpeopleallovertheworldtogetherV.Explanation1．inmon:fororbyallofagroup共同的；共有的；共用的。inmon常常同have連用，如：havenothinginmon無(wú)共同之處havelittleinmon幾乎無(wú)共同之處havesomethinginmon有一些共同之處havealotinmon有許多共同之處（1）Youknow,Dorothy,youandIhaveonethinginmon．（2）WejusthadnothinginmonandIcouldn'tmunicatewithhisdullbusinessfriends．（3）Isuddenlyfeltwehadalotinmon．2．simpleminded:showingverylittleintelligence頭腦簡(jiǎn)單的；笨的。Richardissmartbuthehasalotofsimplemindedfriends．simpleminded是一個(gè)復(fù)合形容詞，與它結(jié)構(gòu)相同的復(fù)合形容詞還有：absentminded心不在焉的openminded虛心的，沒(méi)有偏見(jiàn)的narrowminded心胸狹窄的sin