高三英語閱讀理解(人生百味)解題技巧及練習(xí)題(含答案)含解析一、高中英語閱讀理解人生百味類1．閱讀理解

WhenIwas12yearsold,Ialreadyknewthatmyteenyearsweregoingtobetheworstyearsofmylife.Iwasatotaloutsider,bullied(欺凌)atschool.Ifeltcompletelyaloneinmysmalltown.

ButbystartingtodovolunteerworkwhenIwas14,Iturnedmyproblemintoapassionforhelpingothers.Theopportunitytopracticekindnessmademefeellikemylifehadagreaterpurpose.ThemorepositiveenergyIshared,themorekindnessandappreciationIreceived.Irealizedthatmypurposeinlifewouldbetoreachouttopeople,specificallyteenagers,andhelpthemfeellessalone.

Booksweremytruefriendsbackthen.Iwassothankfulthattheauthorswrotethosebooks.Thekindnesstheyofferedmewiththeirbookssavedmylife.OneofmybiggestdreamswastobecomeanauthorsoIcouldwritebooksthatwouldhelpotherteenagersthewaythosebookshelpedme.

Aftersurvivingterribleexperiencesatschoolandathome,Imadeachoicetotaketheoptimistic,positiveroadinthenextstepsofmyjourney.Mydreamcareer,oneIthoughtwasonlypossiblefortheauthorsIloved,iswhatIamdoingnow.Ihavebeenafull-timeauthorofteennovelssince2007andamgratefulforthisamazingopportunitytoreachouttoreaderseverysingleday.

KindnesssavedmewhenIneededhelpthemost.Evensmallactsofkindnesscanchangesomeone'slife.Youneverknowwhatsomeoneelseisgoingthrough.Butbypracticingdailykindness,youbecomeanarchitectofpositivechange.（1）Whatwastheauthor'slifelikewhenhewas12?A.Boring.B.Peaceful.C.Unhappy.D.Meaningful.（2）Howdidthevolunteerworkbenefittheauthor?A.Itmadehimpopularinhistown.B.Ithelpedhimfindthemeaningoflife.C.Ithelpedhimunderstandothers'livesbetter.D.Ithelpedtoshapehisdreamcareer.（3）Whydidtheauthorchoosewritingashisjob?A.Hewasinspiredbyhisteacher.B.Hecouldpasspositiveenergytoreaders.C.Hewantedtosharehisschoolexperiences.D.Hefoundhehadatalentforwriting.（4）Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdointhelastparagraph?A.Say'no'tobulliesbravely.B.Makepositivechangesintheirlives.C.Treatotherswithkindnessindailylife.D.Learntocaremoreaboutothers'feelings.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，作者講述了自己參加志愿活動的經(jīng)歷，告訴人們：一次小善舉也可能改變一個人的一生。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“WhenIwas12yearsold,Ialreadyknewthatmyteenyearsweregoingtobetheworstyearsofmylife.”可知，十二歲時，“我”就意識到青少年時期是“我”一生中最糟糕的階段；以及“Iwasatotaloutsider,bulliedatschool”，“我”覺得自己是局外人，說明此時的生活是不如意的。故選C。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“ButbystartingtodovolunteerworkwhenIwas14,Iturnedmyproblemintoapassionforhelpingothers.Theopportunitytopracticekindnessinthefaceofsomuchangermademefeellikemylifehadagreaterpurpose.”可知，但是在我14歲的時候開始做志愿者工作，我把我的問題變成了幫助別人的熱情。面對如此多的憤怒，我有機會實踐仁慈，這讓我覺得我的生活有一個更大的目標(biāo)。因此推斷參加志愿活動給“我”提供了表達善意的機會，讓“我”感覺到生活有更大的意義。故選B。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thekindnesstheyofferedmewiththeirbookssavedmylife.OneofmybiggestdreamswastobecomeanauthorsoIcouldwritebooksthatwouldhelpotherteenagersthewaythosebookshelpedme.”可知，書中作者的善意拯救了“我”的生活，“我”最大的夢想就是成為一名作家，可以寫書去幫助其他的青少年，把善意傳遞給他們。故選B。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Evensmallactsofkindnesscanchangesomeone'slife.Youneverknowwhatsomeoneelseisgoingthrough.Butbypracticingdailykindness,youbecomeanarchitectofpositivechange.”可知，作者在提醒我們注意善意的力量，一次小善舉也可能改變一個人的一生，平時以善意待人，會讓人們成為積極改變的締造者。故選C?！军c評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解

Wealllongforfriendship,buthowtomakeafriend?"Thebesttimetomakeafriendisbeforeyouneedone."JoyStevensaid.Thefollowingaresometipsforyou.

Peopleequalfriends

Friendsusuallybeginwithstrangers.Gettingintouchwithotherpeopleisthefirststeptomakeafriend.Friendscan'tbemadeinemptyair.Bestfriendstaketimetomake.

Friendsunderstandfriends

Friendsunderstandeachotherwhentalking.Manyunpleasantpersonalquarrelscanbeavoidedifyouwilltakethetimetounderstandothers'feelingsandpointsofview.

Friendstouchfriends

Touchingisawarmfromofcommunicationbetweenfriends.Whenyouseebestfriendscommunicating,youwillnoticethemstandclosetogether,toucheachothercomfortablyandlistentoeachother.Sometimesafriendlytouchismorepowerfulthanwords.

Friendspraisefriends

Praiseisapowerfultooltomakeafriend.Honestpraisecanaffect(影響)yourfriends'lives.Sotrytopraiseyourfriends,includingyourgeneralones.

Friendscanloyal(忠誠的)andtrustworthy

Trustandloyaltygohandinhandforfriends.Friendscansharesecretswithyou,becausegoodfriendsneverbreakconfidence(信心)andareloyalforever.（1）FromJoySteven'swords,wecanconcludethat________A.

afriendinneedisafriendindeed

B.

itislatetomakeafriendwhenyouneedoneC.

itisnevertoolatetomakeafriend

D.

everyoneneedsafriendinhislife（2）Tomakeandkeepmanyfriends,youneedtodothefollowingEXCEPT___________.A.

getintouchwithpeople

B.

understandyourfriendsC.

praiseyourfriends

D.

quarrelwithyourfriends（3）Thepassagemainlytellsus______________.A.

howtocommunicatewithafriend

B.

whentomakeafriendC.

howtodevelopfriendship

D.

howtopraiseafriend【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）C【解析】【分析】短文大意：我們都渴望友誼，本文就如何交朋友和發(fā)展友誼給出了一些建議。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中Thebesttimetomakeafriendisbeforeyouneedone.可知交朋友的最好時機是你需要一個朋友之前，故選C。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Manyunpleasantpersonalquarrelscanbeavoidedifyouwilltakethetimetounderstandothers’feelingsandpointsofview可知我們壓迫避免和朋友爭吵，故選D。（3）主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段和下面的小標(biāo)題可知，文章是在告訴我們怎樣交朋友和發(fā)展友誼，故選C?！军c評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題和主旨大意題，細(xì)節(jié)理解題要注意從文中尋找答案；主旨大意題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。3．閱讀理解

Wecanachieveknowledgeeitheractivelyorpassively.Weachieveitactivelybydirectexperience,bytestingandprovinganidea,orbyreasoning.

Weachieveknowledgepassivelybybeingtoldbysomeoneelse.MostofthelearningthattakesplaceintheclassroomandthekindthathappenswhenwewatchTVorreadnewspapersormagazinesispassive.Weareusedtopassivelearning,andit'snotsurprisingthatwedependonitinoureverydaycommunicationwithfriendsandco-workers.Unfortunately,passivelearninghasaseriousproblem.Itmakesustendtoacceptwhatwearetoldevenwhenitislittlemorethanhearsayandrumor.

DidyoueverplaythegameRumor?Itbeginswhenonepersonwritesdownamessagebutdoesn'tshowittoanyone.Thenthepersonwhispersit,wordforword,toanotherperson.Thatperson,inturn,whispersittostillanother,andsoon,throughallthepeopleplayingthegame.Thelastpersonwritesdownthemessagewordforwordasheorshehearsit.Thenthetwowrittenstatementsarecompared.Typically,theoriginalmessagehaschanged.

That'swhathappensindailylife.Thesimplefactthatpeoplerepeatastoryintheirownwordschangesthestory.Then,too,mostpeoplelistentoimproveonit,stamping(打上標(biāo)記)itwiththeirownpersonalstyle.Yetthosewhohearitthinktheyknow.

Thisprocessisalsofoundamongscholarsandauthors:Astatementofopinionbyonewritermaybere-statedasfactbyanother,whomayinturnbequotedbyyetanother;andthisprocessmaycontinue,unlessitoccurstosomeonetoquestionthefactsonwhichtheoriginalwriterbasedhisopinionortochallengetheinterpretationheplaceduponthosefacts.（1）Accordingtothepassage,whatsituationmaypassivelearningoccurin?A.

Doingamedicalexperiment

B.

SolvingamathproblemC.

Visitinganexhibition

D.

Doingscientificreasoning（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph2refersto?A.

Activelearning

B.

Knowledge

C.

Communication

D.

Passivelearning（3）WhydoestheauthormentionsthegameRumor?A.

Toshowthatamessagemaybechangedwhenbeingpassedon.B.

Toshowthatamessageshouldbedeliveredindifferentways.C.

Toshowthatpeoplemayhaveproblemswiththeirsenseofhearing.D.

Toshowthatpeopletendnottobelieveinwhattheyknowasrumor.（4）Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.

Activelearningislessimportant.

B.

Passivelearningmaynotbereliable.C.

Activelearningoccursmorefrequently.

D.

Passivelearningisnotfoundamongscholars.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要主要介紹了被動獲得知識所存在的一個嚴(yán)重的問題——被告知的可能是謠言。并用現(xiàn)實生活中簡單的事說明。（1）推理判斷題。由文章第二段weachieveknowledgepassivelybybeingtoldbysomeelse.MostofthelearningthattakesplaceintheclassroomandthekindthathappenswhenwewatchTVofreadnewspaperormagazinesispassive可知被動學(xué)習(xí)是通過別人告訴獲取知識，而A做實驗；B解決數(shù)學(xué)問題；D做科學(xué)推理都是主動學(xué)習(xí)，故選C。（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)it所在句Weareusedtopassivelearning,andit'snotsurprisingthatwedependonitinoureverydaycommunicationwithfriendsandco-workers可知這我們依賴的是前句所提的被動學(xué)習(xí)，故選D。（3）推理判斷題。通過第三段最后一句Typically,theoriginalmessagehaschanged.可知人們傳遞信息到最后時，信息原始的意思已經(jīng)改變了。和第二段最后一句話

Itmakesustendtoacceptwhatwearetoldevenwhenitislittlemorethanhearsayandrumor.它讓我們更傾向于接受我們被告知的事物，有時候甚至是傳聞或者謠言?？芍恼孪胍嬖V我們信息在傳遞的過程中發(fā)生了變化。故選A。（4）推理判斷題。A、C兩個選項說的是主動學(xué)習(xí)，文中沒有提到，D選項說被動學(xué)習(xí)在學(xué)者中不會出現(xiàn)，這和最后一段第一句

Thisprocessisalsofoundamongscholarsandauthors不符合，而根據(jù)第二段和第三段可知人們傳遞信息到最后時，信息的原始意思已經(jīng)改變了，故得出被動學(xué)習(xí)不可靠，故選B。【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及推理判斷題，需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出所需要的信息，也可以利用排除法，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，排除錯誤選項。4．閱讀理解

WhenIwasaboytherewerenosmartphones.ComputersweresomethingyousawonSTARTREK(星際航行),andourtelevisiononlygotonechannelclearly.Still,Iwasneverbored.Thefields,hills,andwoodlandsaroundmyhousewerethenatureready-madeplaygrounds.

Icanrememberoncehikingtoanearbylakeandslowlywalkingaroundit.AtthebacksideofitIwasamazedtofindanold,one-lane,dirtroadthatIhadneverseenbefore.Iimmediatelysetouttotravelit.Itwasfullofholesandmuddytracksanddeepwoodsbordereditonbothsides,butexploringitstillseemedlikeafineadventure.

Iwalkedonandonforwhatseemedlikehours.IwassuremyguardianangelwaswhisperinginmyeartoturnaroundandheadbackhomebutIwasstubbornandevenabitstupid,soIwalkedon.

Thedirtroadgivewaytoarockoneandthenapavedone,yettherewasstillneitheracarnorahouseinsight.Mylegsweregettingtired.InoticedthatthesunwasstartingtogodownandIgrewscared.Ididn'twanttoenduptrappedonthisroadinthedarkofnight,butIwassureitwouldbedarkbeforeIcouldmakemywaybacktothelakeagain.

IwasalmostintearswhenIturnedonelastcurve(彎曲處)andsawsomethinginthedistance.ItwasahousethatIrecognized.Myheartleaptup!Ijumpedupanddownandlaughedoutloud.Iknewthewayhome!ItwasstilloveramileawaybutmylegsfeltlikefeathersandIhurriedbacktomyhouseinnotime.Iwalkedinwithabigsmileonmyfacejustintimefordinner.

IrememberedthisrecentlywhenIsawasignthatsaid,“AllroadsleadHome.”Thisistrue.Inthislifeallroadsnomatterwhattheirtwists(彎曲)andturnsarecanleadushomeagain.TheycanleadustoourhomeshereonEarth.Theycanleadustoourhomesinourheart,ifwecaninsist.（1）Whywastheauthorneverboredwhenhewasaboy?A.BecausetherewasstillaTV.B.Becausehelikedhikingalone.C.Becausethereweresomanyplaygroundsbuiltforhim.D.Becausehehadsomanyplacesaroundhishousetoplay.（2）Whatmadetheauthordecidetotaketheoldroad?A.Seeingitbefore.B.Thatitwasamuddyroad.C.Tryinganewandspecialexperience.D.Thatithaddeepwoodsonbothsides.（3）Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenhesawaknownhouseinthedistance?A.Excited.B.Frightened.C.Touched.D.Desperate.（4）Whydidtheauthormentionthesign?A.Toshareafamoussayingwithreaders.B.Tointroducewhathewantedtosay.C.Toexplainthefunctionofthesign.D.Toprovethesignificanceofthesign.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。文章通過自己的親身經(jīng)歷，說明了所有的路，最終都是回家的路。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案定位在第一段Still,Iwasneverbored.Thefields,hills,andwoodlandsaroundmyhousewerethenatureready-madeplaygrounds.可知作者小時候從不覺得無聊是因為他的房子周圍有很多地方可以玩，故選D。（2）推理判斷題。答案定位在第二段Itwasfullofholesandmuddytracksanddeepwoodsbordereditonbothsides,butexploringitstillseemedlikeafineadventure.（它到處都是洞和泥濘的小路，兩邊都是茂密的樹林，但探索它仍然像是一場美妙的冒險。）由此可見嘗試一種新的和特殊的體驗使作者決定走這條老路，故選C。（3）推理判斷題。答案定位在倒數(shù)第二段ItwasahousethatIrecognized.Myheartleaptup!Ijumpedupanddownandlaughedoutloud.（那是一所我認(rèn)得的房子。我的心跳了起來!我跳上跳下，放聲大笑。）由此推斷出作者看到遠(yuǎn)處有一所熟悉的房子時感覺非常激動，故選A。（4）推理判斷題。最后一段IrememberedthisrecentlywhenIsawasignthatsaid,“AllroadsleadHome.”Thisistrue.Inthislifeallroadsnomatterwhattheirtwists(彎曲)andturnsarecanleadushomeagain.TheycanleadustoourhomeshereonEarth.Theycanleadustoourhomesinourheart,ifwecaninsist.（我記得最近見過的一則標(biāo)語是這樣說的：“所有的路都是回家的路?！贝搜圆惶摚@輩子所有的路不管怎樣迂回曲折，最終都會引導(dǎo)著我們回家，有的是回到這里，回到我們物質(zhì)層面的家，有的是回到我們心靈的家園。）由此推斷出作者提到這則標(biāo)語是為了介紹他想說的話，故選B?！军c評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇夾敘夾議的文章，閱讀時在首段可以確定文章的主題句，答題時通過題干中的關(guān)鍵詞在文章中定位，然后分析相關(guān)信息，從而確定與題干相符的選項。5．閱讀理解

Debatesoverthebenefitsofrecyclingstartedin1996whenawritercalledJohnTierneysaid"recyclingisgarbage".Accordingtohim,"Recyclingprogramsoffermainlyshort-termbenefitstoafewrelatedgroupswhiledivertingmoneyfromrealsocialandenvironmentalproblems.Itdoublesenergyconsumptionandpollutionwhilecostingtaxpayersmoremoneythandealingwitholdgarbage.RecyclingmaybethemostwastefulactivityinmodernAmerica."

EnvironmentalgroupswerequicktorespondtoTierneybyissuingreportsdetailingthebenefitsofrecyclingandshowinghowmunicipal(市政的)recyclingprogramsreducepollutionandtheuseofresourceswhiledecreasingtheamountofgarbageandtheneedforlandfillspace—allforless,notmore,thanthecostofregulargarbagecollectionanddisposal(處置).

Butin2002,NewYorkCity,anearlymunicipalrecyclingpioneer,foundthatitsmuch-praisedrecyclingprogramwaslosingmoney,soiteliminatedglassandplasticrecycling.AccordingtotheMayor,thebenefitsofrecyclingplasticandglasswereoutweighedbytheprice—-recyclingcosttwiceasmuchasdisposal.Meanwhile,lowdemandforthematerialsmeantthatmuchofitwasendingupinlandfillsanyway.NYCcloseditslastlandfillandbroughtinamoreefficientsystem,withmorefamousserviceprovidersthanithadusedpreviously.

ThelessonslearnedbyNewYorkareapplicableeverywhere.Someearlyrecyclingprogramswasteresourcesandleadtonewtrash.Butthesituationhasimprovedascitieshavegainedexperience.Ifmanagedcorrectly,recyclingprogramsshouldcostcitiesandtaxpayerslessthangarbagedisposalforanygivenamountofmaterial.Eventhoughthebenefitsofrecyclingoverdisposalarevarious,individualsshouldkeepinmindthatitbetterservestheenvironmenttoreduceandreusematerialsbeforerecyclingevenbecomesanoption.（1）JohnTierneythoughtthatrecycling___________.A.isawasteofmoneyB.leadstoalackofemployersC.isbeneficialtotheenvironmentD.willbecomepopularinthefuture（2）What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword"eliminated"inParagraph3?A.Required.B.Forgot.C.Encouraged.D.Cancelled.（3）Whatdoesthelastparagraphimply?A.Weshouldmakerecyclinganoption.B.Publicrecyclingprogramsareinabadsituation.C.Weshoulddeveloptheawarenessofresourcesaving.D.Cost-savingshouldbeconsideredfirstinrecyclingwork.（4）Whatcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.TheharmofrecyclingB.Isrecyclingreallybeneficial?C.TherecyclingworkinNewYorkCityD.Isenvironmentalprotectionmakingprogress?【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，自從1996年作家JohnTierney說“回收是垃圾”時，關(guān)于垃圾回收的好處的討論就沒有停止過。有人認(rèn)為回收是現(xiàn)代美國最浪費的活動，而一些環(huán)境小組還詳細(xì)列出了回收的好處，但是一些早期的回收項目也漸漸暴露出了問題。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“RecyclingmaybethemostwastefulactivityinmodernAmerica.”回收可能是現(xiàn)代美國最浪費的一項活動，可知，他認(rèn)為回收是浪費錢的。故選A。（2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的“AccordingtotheMayor,thebenefitsofrecyclingplasticandglasswereoutweighedbytheprice—-recyclingcosttwiceasmuchasdisposal.”根據(jù)市長所言，回收塑料和玻璃在價格方面超標(biāo)了---回收的費用是處理費用的兩倍，可推知，紐約取消了回收塑料和玻璃。所以根據(jù)上下文的語境可以判斷出，劃線詞的意思為“取消”。故選D。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Eventhoughthebenefitsofrecyclingoverdisposalarevarious,individualsshouldkeepinmindthatitbetterservestheenvironmenttoreduceandreusematerialsbeforerecyclingevenbecomesanoption.”盡管回收比處理的好處有很多，大家應(yīng)該記住，在回收成為一個選擇之前，減少垃圾和反復(fù)利用物品對環(huán)境是更有利的。，可推知，作者是想提醒大家要有資源節(jié)約的意識。故選C。（4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“Debatesoverthebenefitsofrecyclingstartedin1996whenawritercalledJohnTierneysaid‘recyclingisgarbage’.”自從1996年作家JohnTierney說“回收是垃圾”時，關(guān)于垃圾回收的好處的討論就開始了。可知，故選B?！军c評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測，推理判斷和主旨大意四個題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解

WhenAndrewKaplanrecalls,hisstoriesleavetheimpressionthathehasmanagedtopackmultiplelivesintoasingleexistence:Awarreporterinhis20s.anarmymember,asuccessfulbusinessmanand-later.theauthorofnumerousspynovelsandHollywoodscripts.

Nowthesilverhaired78-yearoldhasrealizedhewouldlikehislovedonestohaveaccesstothosestories,evenwhenheisnolongeralivetosharethem.Kaplanhasagreedtobecome"AndyBot"---avirtualpersonwhowillbe:immortalized(TF5)inthecloudforhundreds,perhapsthousandsofyears

Ifallgoesaccordingtoplanfuturegenerationswillbeabletointeractwithhimusingvoicecomputingplatformsofmobiledevices,askinghimquestions,lettinghimtellstoriesanddrawinguponalifetime'sworthofadvicelongafterhisphysicalbodyisgone.

Someday,Kaplan,whoplayfullyreferstohimselfasapig,mayberememberedasoneoftheworld'sfirstdigitalhumans.

Fordecades,SiliconValleyfuturistshavesoughttofreehumanityfromthelifecycle.Today,anewgenerationofcompaniesissellingsomeapproximation(近似)ofvirtualimmortality,whichgivespeopletheopportunitytopreserveone'slegacy(遺產(chǎn))onlineforever.

Kaplaniseagertobecomeoneoftheworld'sfirstvirtualresidents,partlybecauseheconsiderstheeffortawaytoextendclosedfamilybondsovermultiplegenerations.

Iftechnologysucceedsincreatingemotionallyintelligentdigitalhumans,expertssay,itmayforeverchangethewaylivingpeoplecooperatewithcomputersandexperienceloss."AndyBot"maybecomeoneoftheworld'sfirst:meaningfulexamples,raisingcomplexphilosophicalquestionsaboutthenatureofimmortalityandthepurposeofexistenceitself.（1）Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.TohighlightKaplan'sachievements.B.Tointroducethetopic--AndyBot.C.ToarousereadersinterestinKaplan.D.TointroduceKaplan'slife.（2）WhydidAndrewKaplanagreetobecomeAndyBot?A.Hewantedtosharehislifeexperienceaslongaspossible.B.Hewantedtomakehislovedonerememberhim.C.Hebelievedthisactionwillhelpwithhisnovels.D.Hecouldliveinthecloudtocontinuehislife.（3）WhatmighttheAndyBotdoforfuturegenerations?A.Hemayusevoicecomputingplatforms.B.Hemayuseanewbodytogoonliving.C.Hemayoffersomeguidance.D.Hemayaskthemquestions.（4）Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Philosophicalproblemscanbeworkedoutbymodernscience.B.Peoplecantalkwiththeirlatefamilymembersfreely.C.Scientistshavemadegreatprogressincomputerscience.D.Thereisstillalongwayfordigitalhumanstogo.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了科技新動態(tài)----數(shù)字人。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段可知，當(dāng)安德魯·卡普蘭回憶往昔的時候，他的故事讓人感覺他活出了各種各樣的人生：20多歲的時候是戰(zhàn)地記者，還是一名軍人，一位成功的商人，隨后又是很多間諜小說和好萊塢劇本的作者。主要介紹安德魯·卡普蘭豐富多彩的人生；在根據(jù)第二段中的“Nowthesilverhaired78-yearoldhasrealizedhewouldlikehislovedonestohaveaccesstothosestories,evenwhenheisnolongeralivetosharethem.Kaplanhasagreedtobecome“AndyBot”---avirtualpersonwhowillbe”現(xiàn)在這位花白頭發(fā)的78歲的老人想要他愛的人知道這些故事，甚至當(dāng)他去世之后還可以分享這些故事。Kaplan同意變成數(shù)字人，可知，第一段的內(nèi)容主要是引出下文中文章的話題數(shù)字人。故選B。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Nowthesilverhaired78-yearoldhasrealizedhewouldlikehislovedonestohaveaccesstothosestories,evenwhenheisnolongeralivetosharethem.Kaplanhasagreedtobecome‘AndyBot’...avirtualpersonwhowillbe”現(xiàn)在這位花白頭發(fā)的78歲的老人想要他愛的人知道這些故事，甚至當(dāng)他去世之后還可以分享這些故事。Kaplan同意變成數(shù)字人，可知，卡普蘭同意變成數(shù)字人是為了能更長時間的分享自己的這些故事。故選A。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Ifallgoesaccordingtoplan.futuregenerationswillbeabletointeractwithhimusingvoicecomputingplatformsofmobiledevices,askinghimquestions,lettinghimtellstoriesanddrawinguponalifetime'sworthofadvicelongafterhisphysicalbodyisgone.”如果一切按計劃進行，后代可以通過移動端的語音平臺和他交流，即使他的肉體不存在后，還可以問他問題，讓他講故事以及咨詢他一生經(jīng)驗的寶貴建議?？芍ㄆ仗m成為“數(shù)字人”后，他的后代仍能得到他一生經(jīng)驗的寶貴建議。故選C。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Iftechnologysucceedsincreatingemotionallyintelligentdigitalhumans,expertssay,itmayforeverchangethewaylivingpeoplecooperatewithcomputersandexperienceloss.”可知，專家們說，如果科技成功地創(chuàng)造出高情商的數(shù)字人類，它可能會永遠(yuǎn)改變?nèi)祟惻c電腦交互的方式，以及處理失去親人創(chuàng)傷的方式，即目前的數(shù)字人類還無法擁有高情商，還是不夠完美的，因此數(shù)字人技術(shù)還有很長的路要走。故選D?！军c評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解

TheUnitedStatesishometo562recognizedAmericanIndianNationseachwithitsownlanguage.

Yetthenumberofnative.Americanswiththeabilitytospeaktheirtribe'slanguagehasdecreasedoverthepastcentury.

Now,IndianNationsaretryingdifferentwaystoexpandthenumberofnativespeakers,andincreaseinterestintheircommunitiestolearntriballanguages.

Sincethelate1800smanyAmericanIndianchildrenhaveattendedboardingschools.Atthattime,Indianchildrenwererequiredtoattendschoolsbylaw,andthegovernmentforcedIndianfamiliestosendtheirchildrentosuchschools.

Thechildrenwereseparatedfromtheirfamilies.andgivenEnglishnameTheteachersoftentaughtnativeAmericanstudentsinEnglish,insteadofthelanguageoftheirparents.TheyweretoldtheyneededtolearnEnglishinordertogetajob,earnmoneyandbuyahouseornicethings.

However,fearingalossofhistoryandculture,theIndianNationsareexperimentingwithnewwaystoincreasethelanguageabilityoftribalmembers.

Atleastoneorganizationisturningtomoderntechnology---TheSealaskaHeritageInstitute,anonprofitgroup,hasdevelopedtwoappsforspeakersoftheTlingitlanguage.

The"LearningTlingit"appservesasareferenceforimportantlanguagetopicssuchasconversationphrases,number,andletters.

TheTlingittribehasabout10,000members.TheylivemainlyinsoutheasternAlaska.Butasof2013,thetribehadonly125nativespeakersleft.inaddition,veryfewyoungpeopleareabletospeakTlingit.

Currentlytherearetwoapps,called"LearningTlingit"and"TlingitLanguageGames".The"LearningTlingit"appservesasalanguageguide.ItprovidesTlingitwordsandexpressions,thetribalalphabet,aswellasabasiclistofthewordsincluded.Withthe"TlingitLanguageGames"app,usersaregivenachoiceofdifferentplacesofenvironments,likeahouse,forestorocean.（1）WhatistheproblemthenativeAmericansarefacingnow?A.ThenumberofnativeAmericanshasbeenincreasing.B.FewerandfewernativeAmericansspeaktheirownlanguage.C.Theirnativelanguagehasbeenextinct.D.It'shardtoincreasetheinterestofhearingnativelanguages.（2）WhatwillbetheresultifmoreandmorenativeAmericansonlyspeakEnglish?A.Theywillgetbetterjobsandhigherpay.B.TheywillteachtheirownchildrentospeakEnglish.C.Theywilllosetheirhistoryandculture.D.Theywillgetalongwellwiththegovernment.（3）WhatcanweknowaboutTlingit?A.Itcanhelpthenativepeopleknowsomelanguagetopics.B.Itcanhelpthe:nativepeopleearnmoneyandbuya.houseornicethingsC.ItisaverypopularappamongthenativespeakersD.Itisanativelanguagespokenbyfewerthan200people.（4）Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.AmericanIndiantribes'effortstoincreasenativespeakers.B.ReasonsforthedisappearanceofsomeAmericanIndianlanguages.C.Waystohelpthenativetribesleadatraditionallife.D.Thepopularityofthelanguagelearningapps.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，美國的印第安人正在使用新的方法來增加本族語言的使用，否則，他們的本族語言將面臨嚴(yán)重的危機。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Yetthenumberofnative.Americanswiththeabilitytospeaktheirtribe'slanguagehasdecreasedoverthepastcentury.”但是能說他們本族語言的本地美國人的數(shù)量在過去的一個世紀(jì)中已將減少?？芍?，會說本族語的美國土著的人數(shù)在過去的一個多世紀(jì)中已經(jīng)減少了，故選B。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第六段中的“However,fearingalossofhistoryandculture,theIndianNationsareexperimentingwithnewwaystoincreasethelanguageabilityoftribalmembers.”然而，害怕失去自己的

歷史和文化，許多印第安部落嘗試新的方法來提升族人的本族語使用能力?？芍绻絹碓蕉嗟淖迦酥徽f英語，他們將會失去自己的歷史和文化。故選C。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第九段中的“TheTlingittribehasabout10,000members.TheylivemainlyinsoutheasternAlaska.Butasof2013,thetribehadonly125nativespeakersleft.”特林吉特部落有大約一萬人。他們主要居住在阿拉斯加?xùn)|南部。但是就2013年的統(tǒng)計，這個部落只有125人可以說自己民族的語言，可知，現(xiàn)在僅僅有不到兩百人可以說這種語言了，故選D。（4）考查主旨大意。本文前六段描述了美國印第安人在民族語言方面面臨的處境以及這一處境引起的擔(dān)憂，最后四段提出了針對這一問題的解決方案：美國的印第安人正在使用新的方法（app）來增加本族語使用人數(shù)。選項A中efforts能凸顯人們這一問題的擔(dān)心及在努力尋求解決方案方面所做的努力。故選A。【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解OurMuseums,Galleries,andZoo19world-classmuseums,galleries,andazoo

TheSmithsonianofferselevenmuseumsandgalleriesontheNationalMallandsixothermuseumsandtheNationalZoointhegreaterNationalCapitalArea.InNewYorkCity,weinviteyoutotourtwomuseumsinhistoricsettings.

NotnearaSmithsonianmuseum?Lookforexhibitionsandmuseumsinyourcommunity.Herewehavelistedsomeplacestovisit:

Tips&Guidelines:

StopatanySmithsonianmuseuminformationdeskwherefriendlyandknowledgeablestaffandvolunteerscanassistyouinplanningyourvisit.

ServiceanimalsarewelcomeatthemuseumsandtheNationalZoo.Petsarenotpermitted.

Lunchesshouldbeproperlyclosedorstoredinlockersduringyourvisit.（1）heSmithsonianoffersalltheseEXCEPT

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galleries

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concerts

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museums

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zoos（2）Ifyouareinterestedinanimals,youcan

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goto1661PennsylvaniaAvenue,NWWashington,DCB.

goto8thandFStreets,NWWashington,DCC.

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