機(jī)械專業(yè)英語(yǔ)試題及答案1.Inthecontextofmechanicalengineering,whatdoestheterm"tolerance"specifically

refertowhenusedintechnicaldrawingsandspecifications?(Answer:C)

Themaximumallowabledeviationfromaspecifieddimension

Theminimumsizeapartcanbebeforeitisconsidereddefective

Thepermissiblevariationinadimensionorphysicalpropertyofapart

TheexactsizeapartmustbemanufacturedtoThedifferencebetweentheupperandlowerspecificationlimits2.Whendiscussinggearmechanisms,whatistheprimaryfunctionofabevelgearina

mechanicalsystem?(Answer:A)Totransmitmotionbetweenintersectingshaftsatanangle

Toincreasethespeedofrotationwhilereducingtorque

ToconvertlinearmotionintorotationalmotionToprovideasmooth,quietoperationinhigh-speedapplications

Toactasaclutch,engaginganddisengagingpowertransmission3.Inthefieldoffluidmechanics,whatisthetermforthepressureexertedbyafluidatrestduetotheweightofthefluidaboveit?(Answer:B)

DynamicpressureHydrostaticpressureAtmosphericpressureGaugepressureAbsolutepressure4.Regardingmaterialscience,whichpropertyofamaterialdescribesitsabilitytoabsorbenergyandplasticallydeformwithoutfracturing?(Answer:D)Hardness

Brittleness

Elasticity

Toughness

Stiffness5.Whenanalyzingthestressdistributioninabeamunderbending,whatisthetermforthemaximumstressoccurringattheoutermostfibersofthebeam?(Answer:E)ShearstressAxialstressBearingstress

Thermalstress

Bendingstress6.Inthecontextofmachinedesign,whatistheprimarypurposeofakeywayinashaft-

hubconnection?(Answer:A)Topreventrelativerotationbetweentheshaftandthehub

Toincreasethefrictionbetweentheshaftandthehub

TodistributetheloadevenlyacrosstheshaftToactasalubricationchannelToprovideadecorativefinishtotheshaft7.Whatisthetermusedinthermodynamicstodescribetheprocessofagasexpandingintoavacuumwithoutdoingexternalwork?(Answer:C)

IsothermalexpansionAdiabaticexpansionFreeexpansionIsobaricexpansionIsochoricprocess8.RegardingCNC(ComputerNumericalControl)machining,whatistheprimary

advantageofusingamulti-axisCNCmachineoveratraditional3-axismachine?

(Answer:B)LowercostofoperationAbilitytomachinecomplexgeometriesinasinglesetup

HighercuttingspeedsReducedtoolwearSimplerprogrammingrequirements9.Inthefieldofvibrationanalysis,whatisthetermforthefrequencyatwhichasystemnaturallyvibrateswhendisturbed?(Answer:D)

ForcedfrequencyResonantfrequencyCriticalfrequencyNaturalfrequencyDampingfrequency10.Whendiscussinglubricationsystems,whatistheprimaryfunctionofalubricantina

mechanicalbearing?(Answer:A)Toreducefrictionandwearbetweenmovingparts

ToincreasethetemperatureofthebearingToactasasealantpreventingcontaminantsfromentering

ToprovideelectricalinsulationToenhancetheaestheticappearanceofthebearing11.Inthecontextoffiniteelementanalysis(FEA),whatistheprimarypurposeof

meshingamodelbeforeperformingsimulations?(Answer:C)

Toreducethecomputationaltimerequiredforthesimulation

Toincreasetheaccuracyofthesimulationbyusinglargerelements

Todividethemodelintosmaller,manageableelementsforanalysis

TosimplifythegeometryofthemodelToaddmaterialpropertiestothemodel12.Regardinghydraulicsystems,whatisthetermfortheratiooftheoutputforcetotheinputforceinahydraulicpress?(Answer:E)

EfficiencyFlowratePressuredropVelocityratioMechanicaladvantage13.Inthefieldofkinematics,whatisthetermforthenumberofindependentcoordinatesrequiredtospecifythepositionofarigidbodyinspace?(Answer:B)Degreesofconstraint

Degreesoffreedom

Numberoflinks

Numberofjoints

Mobilityfactor14.Whendiscussingweldingprocesses,whatistheprimaryadvantageofusingTIG

(TungstenInertGas)weldingoverMIG(MetalInertGas)weldingforcertain

applications?(Answer:D)HigherdepositionrateLowercostofequipmentEasiertolearnandoperateBettercontrolovertheweldpoolandheatinput

Fasterweldingspeeds15.Inthecontextofmechanicalvibrations,whatisthetermforthephenomenonwheretheamplitudeofvibrationincreasessignificantlyataparticularfrequencyduetoresonance?(Answer:A)

AmplificationDampingAttenuationModulationFrequencyshift16.Regardinggeartrains,whatisthetermfortheratiooftheoutputspeedtotheinputspeedinagearsystem?(Answer:C)

EfficiencyTorqueratioSpeedratioPowerratioGearfactor17.Inthefieldofmaterialsengineering,whatisthetermfortheprocessofheatingametaltoaspecifictemperatureandthencoolingitslowlytoreducehardnessandincreaseductility?(Answer:B)

QuenchingAnnealingTemperingNormalizingCasehardening18.Whendiscussingfluidpowersystems,whatistheprimaryfunctionofapressure

reliefvalveinahydrauliccircuit?(Answer:A)Toprotectthesystemfromoverpressurebydivertingexcessfluid

ToregulatetheflowrateofthefluidToconverthydraulicenergyintomechanicalenergy

TostorehydraulicfluidunderpressureTofiltercontaminantsfromthehydraulicfluid19.Inthecontextofmachinetooldesign,whatisthetermforthedistancebetweenthecenterlinesoftwoadjacentspindleaxesinamulti-spindlemachine?(Answer:D)SpindlepitchSpindlediameter

Spindlelength

Spindlespacing

Spindleheight20.Regardingthermalanalysis,whatisthetermfortherateofheattransferthroughaunitareaofamaterialperunittemperaturedifference?(Answer:E)Specificheatcapacity

Thermalexpansioncoefficient

LatentheatEnthalpyThermalconductivity21.Inthefieldofrobotics,whatisthetermforthecoordinatesystemthatisfixedrelativetothebaseofaroboticarm?(Answer:A)

BaseframeEnd-effectorframe

ToolframeWorldframeLocalframe22.Whendiscussingbeltdrives,whatistheprimaryadvantageofusingatoothedbelt(timingbelt)overaflatbeltincertainapplications?(Answer:C)LowercostHigherflexibilityPositivedrivewithnoslippage

QuieteroperationEasiermaintenance23.Inthecontextofmechanicaldesign,whatisthetermfortheprocessofoptimizingtheshapeandsizeofacomponenttominimizematerialusagewhilemaintainingstructuralintegrity?(Answer:B)

Topologyoptimization

Shapeoptimization

SizeoptimizationMaterialoptimization

Processoptimization24.Regardingvibrationisolation,whatisthetermforthedeviceusedtoreducethetransmissionofvibrationsfromavibratingsourcetoitssurroundings?(Answer:D)Vibrationabsorber

Vibrationdamper

Vibrationsensor

Vibrationisolator

Vibrationgenerator25.Inthefieldoffluidmechanics,whatisthetermforthepressuredropacrossarestrictioninapipe,suchasavalveororifice?(Answer:E)Staticpressure

Dynamicpressure

Totalpressure

Piezometricpressure

Headloss26.Whendiscussingmetalcuttingprocesses,whatisthetermforthematerialthatisremovedfromaworkpieceduringmachining?(Answer:A)Chip

Swarf

Fines

Dust

Slag27.Inthecontextofmechanicalpowertransmission,whatisthetermforthedevicethatconnectstwoshaftstogethertotransmittorque,allowingforsomemisalignment?(Answer:C)

ClutchBrakeCoupling

Gearbox

Beltdrive28.Regardingheatexchangers,whatisthetermforthefluidthatisbeingheatedorcooledasitflowsthroughtheheatexchanger?(Answer:B)Primaryfluid

Secondaryfluid

Coolingfluid

Heatingfluid

Processfluid29.Inthefieldofkinematics,whatisthetermforthetypeofmotionwhereallpointsonarigidbodymoveinparallelpaths?(Answer:D)

RotationalmotionCurvilinearmotionGeneralplanemotionTranslatorymotionOscillatorymotion30.Whendiscussinglubrication,whatisthetermforthelayeroflubricantthatadherestothesurfaceofamovingpart,reducingdirectmetal-to-metalcontact?(Answer:A)BoundarylayerHydrodynamiclayer

Elastohydrodynamiclayer

MixedlayerDrylayer31.Inthecontextofmechanicaltesting,whatisthetermforthetestthatmeasurestheresistanceofamaterialtoindentationbyastandardizedindenter?(Answer:C)TensiletestCompressiontest

Hardnesstest

ImpacttestFatiguetest32.Regardinggeardesign,whatisthetermfortheanglebetweenthelineofaction(thepathalongwhichtheforceistransmittedbetweenteeth)andthetangenttothebasecircleofagear?(Answer:E)

PressureangleHelixangleLeadangleBacklashangle

Profileangle33.Inthefieldoffluidpower,whatisthetermforthedevicethatconvertshydraulicenergyintolinearmechanicalmotion?(Answer:B)

HydraulicmotorHydrauliccylinderHydraulicpumpHydraulicaccumulator

Hydraulicfilter34.Whendiscussingmachineelements,whatisthetermforthecylindricalcomponentthatsupportsandguidesthemotionofarotatingshaft?(Answer:D)Bushing

Sleeve

LinerBearing

Collar35.Inthecontextofthermalstressanalysis,whatisthetermforthestressinducedinamaterialduetoachangeintemperature?(Answer:A)Thermalstress

Mechanicalstress

Residualstress

Pre-stressShearstress36.Regardingweldingdefects,whatisthetermfortheincompletefusionbetweenthebasemetalandtheweldmetalorbetweensuccessiveweldpasses?(Answer:C)PorosityCracking

Lackoffusion

Undercut

Spatter37.Inthefieldofrobotics,whatisthetermforthemaximumdistancethataroboticarmcanreachfromitsbase?(Answer:E)

PayloadcapacityRepeatabilityAccuracyDegreesoffreedom

Workenvelope38.Whendiscussingbeltdrives,whatisthetermfortheratioofthediameterofthedrivingpulleytothediameterofthedrivenpulley?(Answer:B)Beltlengthratio

Pulleydiameterratio

SpeedratioTorqueratioPowerratio39.Inthecontextofmechanicalvibrations,whatisthetermforthedeviceusedtomeasuretheamplitude,frequency,andphaseofvibrations?(Answer:D)Vibrationgenerator

Vibrationabsorber

Vibrationdamper

Vibrationanalyzer

Vibrationsensor40.Regardingfluidflow,whatisthetermfortheflowregimewherethefluidmovesinlayerswithnomixingbetweenthelayers?(Answer:A)Laminarflow

Turbulentflow

Transitionalflow

SteadyflowUnsteadyflow41.Inthefieldofmaterialsselection,whatisthetermforthepropertyofamaterialthat

describesitsabilitytowithstandrepeatedloadingandunloadingwithoutfailure?(Answer:C)

StrengthHardnessFatigueresistance

ToughnessDuctility42.Whendiscussinggearsystems,whatisthetermfortheclearancebetweentheteethofmatinggearstopreventinterference?(Answer:E)Pressureangle

HelixangleBacklashangle

Profileangle

Clearance43.Inthecontextofmechanicaldesign,whatisthetermfortheprocessofcreatingathree-dimensionalmodelofacomponentorassemblyusingcomputer-aideddesign(CAD)software?(Answer:B)

PrototypingModelingSimulationAnalysisOptimization44.Regardinghydraulicsystems,whatisthetermforthedevicethatstoreshydraulicfluidunderpressureandreleasesitwhenneededtosupplementthepumpflow?(Answer:D)Hydraulicmotor

Hydrauliccylinder

HydraulicpumpHydraulicaccumulator

Hydraulicfilter45.Inthefieldofvibrationcontrol,whatisthetermforthetechniqueofaddingmass,stiffness,ordampingtoastructuretochangeitsnaturalfrequenciesand