職稱英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試試題真題理工類C級(jí)（含答案）第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)（第115題，每題1分，共15分）下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或者短語(yǔ)有下劃線，請(qǐng)為每處下劃線部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。1.Wehadalongconversationaboutherparents.A.talkB.speechC.debateD.discussion答案：A。“conversation”意為“交談”，“talk”也有“談話、交談”的意思，二者意思相近?！皊peech”是“演講”；“debate”是“辯論”；“discussion”是“討論”。2.Theoldmanmovedslowlywiththeaidofhisstick.A.helpB.handC.supportD.assistance答案：D?！癮id”表示“幫助、援助”，“assistance”同樣是“幫助、協(xié)助”的意思?！癶elp”雖也有幫助之意，但在這種語(yǔ)境下“assistance”更貼合；“hand”通常指“手”；“support”側(cè)重于“支持”。3.Theweatherwassogorgeousthatwedecidedtogotothebeach.A.pleasantB.hotC.coolD.windy答案：A。“gorgeous”有“極好的、宜人的”意思，“pleasant”表示“令人愉快的、宜人的”，二者相近?！癶ot”是“炎熱的”；“cool”是“涼爽的”；“windy”是“有風(fēng)的”。4.Thescientistdevotedhimselftothestudyofthenewvirus.A.gaveupB.gaveinC.gaveawayD.gavehimselfto答案：D?！癲evotedoneselfto”是“致力于、獻(xiàn)身于”，“gavehimselfto”也是這個(gè)意思?！癵aveup”是“放棄”；“gavein”是“屈服、讓步”；“gaveaway”是“贈(zèng)送、泄露”。5.Thefactorywillhavetocloseifitcan'tsellitsproducts.A.shutB.openC.startD.operate答案：A?！癱lose”在這里是“關(guān)閉”的意思，“shut”同樣表示“關(guān)閉”?！皁pen”是“打開”；“start”是“開始”；“operate”是“運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)、經(jīng)營(yíng)”。6.Thechild'sabnormalbehaviorworriedhisparents.A.badB.unusualC.goodD.normal答案：B?！癮bnormal”意為“不正常的、異常的”，“unusual”是“不尋常的、異常的”，意思相符?！癰ad”是“壞的”；“good”是“好的”；“normal”是“正常的”。7.Thecompanyhasexpandeditsbusinessoverseas.A.increasedB.reducedC.limitedD.decreased答案：A?！癳xpanded”表示“擴(kuò)大、擴(kuò)展”，“increased”有“增加、增大”的意思，可引申為業(yè)務(wù)規(guī)模的擴(kuò)大?！皉educed”和“decreased”都是“減少”；“l(fā)imited”是“限制”。8.Thenewpolicywillbenefitthepoor.A.helpB.harmC.affectD.involve答案：A。“benefit”是“使受益、對(duì)……有益”，“help”表示“幫助、對(duì)……有好處”，二者接近。“harm”是“傷害”；“affect”是“影響”；“involve”是“涉及、使參與”。9.Theyoungmanisveryambitious.A.eagerB.lazyC.modestD.hardworking答案：A?！癮mbitious”意為“有雄心的、有抱負(fù)的”，“eager”有“渴望的、熱切的”意思，有雄心的人通常對(duì)目標(biāo)很熱切?！發(fā)azy”是“懶惰的”；“modest”是“謙虛的”；“hardworking”是“勤奮的”，但不如“eager”貼切。10.Theteacherpraisedthestudentforhisexcellentwork.A.criticizedB.complimentedC.blamedD.scold答案：B?！皃raised”是“表?yè)P(yáng)、贊揚(yáng)”，“complimented”同樣是“稱贊、恭維”的意思?！癱riticized”和“blamed”以及“scold”都有“批評(píng)、責(zé)備”的意思。11.Thenoiseoutsidedistractedmefrommyreading.A.attractedB.interestedC.disturbedD.involved答案：C?！癲istracted”是“使分心、分散注意力”，“disturbed”有“打擾、干擾”的意思，會(huì)讓人分心。“attracted”是“吸引”；“interested”是“使感興趣”；“involved”是“涉及、使參與”。12.Thepatient'sconditionhasimprovedslightly.A.alittleB.alotC.greatlyD.hardly答案：A?！皊lightly”表示“稍微、略微”，“alittle”也是“一點(diǎn)兒、少量”的意思?！癮lot”和“greatly”都表示“大量地、大大地”；“hardly”是“幾乎不”。13.Thebuildingismagnificent.A.grandB.smallC.ordinaryD.simple答案：A?！癿agnificent”意為“宏偉的、壯麗的”，“grand”有“宏大的、壯麗的”意思?！皊mall”是“小的”；“ordinary”是“普通的”；“simple”是“簡(jiǎn)單的”。14.Theexperimentwasafailure.A.successB.defeatC.victoryD.achievement答案：B。“failure”是“失敗”，“defeat”也有“失敗、戰(zhàn)敗”的意思?！皊uccess”是“成功”；“victory”是“勝利”；“achievement”是“成就”。15.Theoldladyisverykindhearted.A.friendlyB.cruelC.strictD.angry答案：A?！発indhearted”表示“心地善良的”，“friendly”是“友好的”，心地善良的人通常比較友好?！癱ruel”是“殘忍的”；“strict”是“嚴(yán)格的”；“angry”是“生氣的”。第2部分：閱讀判斷（第1622題，每題1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子作出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，選擇C。短文：TheInventionoftheTelephoneTheinventionofthetelephoneisoftenattributedtoAlexanderGrahamBell.In1876,Bellpatentedhistelephonedesign.However,therewereotherinventorsworkingonsimilardevicesatthesametime.ElishaGrayalsohadadesignforatelephoneandfiledapatentapplicationonthesamedayasBell.Thetwoinventorshadalegalbattleoverthepatent.Intheend,Bellwasawardedthepatent,andhisnamebecameassociatedwiththeinventionofthetelephone.Thetelephonehadasignificantimpactoncommunication.Beforeitsinvention,peoplehadtorelyonletters,telegraphs,orfacetofaceconversations.Thetelephoneallowedpeopletocommunicatewitheachotheroverlongdistancesquicklyandeasily.Itchangedthewaypeopledidbusiness,madesocialconnections,andeveninfluencedthedevelopmentofcities.16.AlexanderGrahamBellwastheonlypersonworkingonthetelephoneinvention.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven答案：B。文中提到“therewereotherinventorsworkingonsimilardevicesatthesametime”，說(shuō)明Bell不是唯一研究電話發(fā)明的人，所以該句錯(cuò)誤。17.ElishaGrayfiledapatentapplicationforthetelephoneafterBell.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven答案：B。文中明確指出“ElishaGrayalsohadadesignforatelephoneandfiledapatentapplicationonthesamedayasBell”，并非在Bell之后，所以該句錯(cuò)誤。18.Bellwonthelegalbattleoverthetelephonepatent.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven答案：A。文中說(shuō)“Intheend,Bellwasawardedthepatent”，表明Bell贏得了專利的法律訴訟，該句正確。19.Thetelephonehadnoimpactoncommunication.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven答案：B。文中提到“Thetelephonehadasignificantimpactoncommunication”，說(shuō)明電話對(duì)通信有重大影響，該句錯(cuò)誤。20.Beforethetelephone,peoplecouldonlycommunicatefacetoface.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven答案：B。文中提到“Beforeitsinvention,peoplehadtorelyonletters,telegraphs,orfacetofaceconversations”，說(shuō)明在電話發(fā)明前人們不只是面對(duì)面交流，該句錯(cuò)誤。21.Thetelephoneinfluencedthedevelopmentofcities.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven答案：A。文中提到“iteveninfluencedthedevelopmentofcities”，該句正確。22.ThelegalbattlebetweenBellandGraylastedforalongtime.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven答案：C。文中沒有提及這場(chǎng)法律訴訟持續(xù)的時(shí)間，所以選C。第3部分：概括大意與完成句子（第2330題，每題1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：（1）第2326題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為指定段落每段選擇1個(gè)最佳標(biāo)題；（2）第2730題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。短文：TheSolarSystemThesolarsystemconsistsofthesunandalltheobjectsthatorbitaroundit.Itisavastandcomplexsystemthathasfascinatedscientistsandthepublicforcenturies.Paragraph1Thesunisthecenterofthesolarsystem.Itisahuge,hotstarthatprovideslightandheattotheplanets.Thesun'sgravityholdstheplanetsintheirorbits.Withoutthesun,lifeonEarthwouldnotbepossible.Paragraph2Thereareeightplanetsinthesolarsystem:Mercury,Venus,Earth,Mars,Jupiter,Saturn,Uranus,andNeptune.Eachplanethasitsownuniquecharacteristics.Forexample,Mercuryistheclosestplanettothesunandhasaverythinatmosphere.Venusisknownforitsthick,toxicatmosphereandhighsurfacetemperatures.Paragraph3Inadditiontotheplanets,thesolarsystemalsocontainsotherobjectssuchasasteroids,comets,anddwarfplanets.Asteroidsarerockyobjectsthatorbitthesun,mostlyintheasteroidbeltbetweenMarsandJupiter.Cometsaremadeofice,dust,andgasandhavelongtailswhentheygetclosetothesun.Dwarfplanetsaresmallerthanregularplanetsbutstillorbitthesun.Paragraph4Thestudyofthesolarsystemisanimportantpartofastronomy.Scientistsusetelescopesandotherinstrumentstoobservetheplanets,asteroids,andcomets.Theyalsosendspaceprobestoexploretheplanetsupclose.Throughthesestudies,wehavelearnedalotabouttheformationandevolutionofthesolarsystem.23.Paragraph1A.TheSuntheCenteroftheSolarSystemB.ThePlanetsintheSolarSystemC.OtherObjectsintheSolarSystemD.TheStudyoftheSolarSystemE.TheImportanceoftheSolarSystemF.TheUniqueCharacteristicsofPlanets答案：A。第一段主要圍繞太陽(yáng)是太陽(yáng)系的中心展開，闡述了太陽(yáng)的作用，所以選A。24.Paragraph2A.TheSuntheCenteroftheSolarSystemB.ThePlanetsintheSolarSystemC.OtherObjectsintheSolarSystemD.TheStudyoftheSolarSystemE.TheImportanceoftheSolarSystemF.TheUniqueCharacteristicsofPlanets答案：B。該段介紹了太陽(yáng)系中的八大行星，所以選B。25.Paragraph3A.TheSuntheCenteroftheSolarSystemB.ThePlanetsintheSolarSystemC.OtherObjectsintheSolarSystemD.TheStudyoftheSolarSystemE.TheImportanceoftheSolarSystemF.TheUniqueCharacteristicsofPlanets答案：C。此段講述了太陽(yáng)系中除行星外的其他天體，如小行星、彗星和矮行星，所以選C。26.Paragraph4A.TheSuntheCenteroftheSolarSystemB.ThePlanetsintheSolarSystemC.OtherObjectsintheSolarSystemD.TheStudyoftheSolarSystemE.TheImportanceoftheSolarSystemF.TheUniqueCharacteristicsofPlanets答案：D。該段主要說(shuō)的是對(duì)太陽(yáng)系的研究，所以選D；27.Thesunprovides________totheplanets.A.lightandheatB.eightplanetsC.asteroids,cometsanddwarfplanetsD.telescopesandotherinstrumentsE.spaceprobesF.theformationandevolution答案：A。根據(jù)第一段可知太陽(yáng)為行星提供光和熱，所以選A。28.Thereare________inthesolarsystem.A.lightandheatB.eightplanetsC.asteroids,cometsanddwarfplanetsD.telescopesandotherinstrumentsE.spaceprobesF.theformationandevolution答案：B。第二段提到太陽(yáng)系中有八大行星，所以選B。29.Thesolarsystemalsocontains________.A.lightandheatB.eightplanetsC.asteroids,cometsanddwarfplanetsD.telescopesandotherinstrumentsE.spaceprobesF.theformationandevolution答案：C。第三段表明太陽(yáng)系還包含小行星、彗星和矮行星，所以選C。30.Scientistsuse________toobservethesolarsystem.A.lightandheatB.eightplanetsC.asteroids,cometsanddwarfplanetsD.telescopesandotherinstrumentsE.spaceprobesF.theformationandevolution答案：D。第四段說(shuō)科學(xué)家用望遠(yuǎn)鏡和其他儀器觀測(cè)太陽(yáng)系，所以選D。第4部分：閱讀理解（第3145題，每題3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。短文1：TheInternetTheInternethasbecomeanimportantpartofourlives.Itallowsustocommunicatewithpeopleallovertheworld,accessinformationquickly,anddobusinessonline.OneofthemainadvantagesoftheInternetistheabilitytocommunicate.Wecansendemails,chatwithfriendsonsocialmedia,andmakevideocalls.Thishasmadeiteasierforpeopletostayintouchwitheachother,eveniftheyarefarapart.Anotheradvantageistheaccesstoinformation.TheInternetisavastlibraryofknowledge.Wecanfindinformationonalmostanytopic,fromhistoryandsciencetoentertainmentandhealth.Thishasmadelearningmoreconvenientandaccessible.However,theInternetalsohassomedisadvantages.Oneofthebiggestproblemsisonlinesecurity.Therearehackerswhotrytostealourpersonalinformation,suchaspasswordsandcreditcardnumbers.WeneedtobecarefulwhenusingtheInternetandtakestepstoprotectourprivacy.Anotherproblemisthespreadoffalseinformation.Somewebsitespublishinaccurateormisleadinginformation,whichcanbeconfusingandharmful.Weneedtobeabletodistinguishbetweenreliableandunreliablesourcesofinformation.31.WhatisoneofthemainadvantagesoftheInternet?A.Itallowsustotravelaroundtheworld.B.Itenablesustocommunicatewithpeopleglobally.C.Ithelpsustomakemoremoney.D.Itmakesushealthier.答案：B。文中提到“OneofthemainadvantagesoftheInternetistheabilitytocommunicate.Wecansendemails,chatwithfriendsonsocialmedia,andmakevideocalls.Thishasmadeiteasierforpeopletostayintouchwitheachother,eveniftheyarefarapart”，說(shuō)明互聯(lián)網(wǎng)能讓我們和全球的人交流，所以選B。32.HowhastheInternetaffectedlearning?A.Ithasmadelearningmoredifficult.B.Ithasmadelearninglessaccessible.C.Ithasmadelearningmoreconvenientandaccessible.D.Ithasnoimpactonlearning.答案：C。文中提到“Anotheradvantageistheaccesstoinformation...Thishasmadelearningmoreconvenientandaccessible”，所以選C。33.WhatisoneofthebiggestproblemswiththeInternet?A.Therearetoomanyadvertisements.B.Onlinesecurityisamajorissue.C.Itistooexpensivetouse.D.Itisnotfastenough.答案：B。文中說(shuō)“Oneofthebiggestproblemsisonlinesecurity.Therearehackerswhotrytostealourpersonalinformation,suchaspasswordsandcreditcardnumbers”，所以選B。34.WhatshouldwedotoprotectourprivacywhenusingtheInternet?A.WeshouldnotusetheInternetatall.B.Weshouldbecarefulandtakeprotectivemeasures.C.WeshouldonlyusepublicWiFi.D.Weshouldshareourpersonalinformationwithothers.答案：B。文中提到“WeneedtobecarefulwhenusingtheInternetandtakestepstoprotectourprivacy”，所以選B。35.WhyisitimportanttodistinguishbetweenreliableandunreliablesourcesofinformationontheInternet?A.BecausethereistoomuchinformationontheInternet.B.Becausesomewebsitespublishfalseinformation.C.Becauseitisfuntodoso.D.Becauseitcanhelpusmakemorefriends.答案：B。文中說(shuō)“Anotherproblemisthespreadoffalseinformation.Somewebsitespublishinaccurateormisleadinginformation,whichcanbeconfusingandharmful.Weneedtobeabletodistinguishbetweenreliableandunreliablesourcesofinformation”，所以選B。短文2：TheEffectsofPollutionPollutionisaseriousproblemthataffectsourenvironmentandourhealth.Therearedifferenttypesofpollution,includingairpollution,waterpollution,andsoilpollution.Airpollutioniscausedbythereleaseofharmfulsubstancesintotheair,suchassmoke,dust,andchemicals.Thesesubstancescancomefromfactories,vehicles,andpowerplants.Airpollutioncancauserespiratoryproblems,suchasasthmaandlungcancer.Itcanalsodamagetheozonelayer,whichprotectstheEarthfromthesun'sharmfulultravioletrays.Waterpollutionoccurswhenpollutantsaredumpedintorivers,lakes,andoceans.Thesepollutantscanincludechemicals,sewage,andgarbage.Waterpollutioncanmakewaterunsafefordrinkingandswimming.Itcanalsoharmaquaticlife,suchasfishandplants.Soilpollutionismainlycausedbytheuseofpesticidesandfertilizersinagriculture.Thesechemicalscancontaminatethesoilandreduceitsfertility.Soilpollutioncanalsoaffectthegrowthofplantsandthehealthofanimalsthateattheplants.36.Whatarethetypesofpollutionmentionedinthepassage?A.Airpollution,waterpollution,andnoisepollution.B.Airpollution,waterpollution,andsoilpollution.C.Lightpollution,waterpollution,andsoilpollution.D.Airpollution,waterpollution,andvisualpollution.答案：B。文中明確提到“Therearedifferenttypesofpollution,includingairpollution,waterpollution,andsoilpollution”，所以選B。37.Whatcancauseairpollution?A.Treesandplants.B.Factories,vehicles,andpowerplants.C.Cloudsandrain.D.Animalsandbirds.答案：B。文中說(shuō)“Thesesubstancescancomefromfactories,vehicles,andpowerplants”，所以選B。38.Whatkindofproblemscanairpollutioncause?A.Digestiveproblems.B.Skinproblems.C.Respiratoryproblems.D.Boneproblems.答案：C。文中提到“Airpollutioncancauserespiratoryproblems,suchasasthmaandlungcancer”，所以選C。39.Whatcanwaterpollutiondo?A.Makewatermoreclean.B.Increasethenumberoffish.C.Makewaterunsafefordrinkingandswimming.D.Protectaquaticlife.答案：C。文中說(shuō)“Waterpollutioncanmakewaterunsafefordrinkingandswimming.Itcanalsoharmaquaticlife,suchasfishandplants”，所以選C。40.Whatmainlycausessoilpollution?A.Thegrowthofplants.B.Theuseofpesticidesandfertilizersinagriculture.C.Thepresenceofanimals.D.Theconstructionofbuildings.答案：B。文中提到“Soilpollutionismainlycausedbytheuseofpesticidesandfertilizersinagriculture”，所以選B。短文3：TheFutureofEnergyAstheworld'spopulationgrowsandenergydemandsincrease,findingsustainableenergysourcesisbecomingmoreandmoreimportant.Traditionalenergysources,suchascoal,oil,andnaturalgas,arefiniteandcauseenvironmentalproblems.Renewableenergysources,ontheotherhand,arecleanandsustainable.Solarenergyisoneofthemostpromisingrenewableenergysources.Itisabundantandcanbeharnessedinmanypartsoftheworld.Solarpanelscanconvertsunlightintoelectricity.Windenergyisanotherimportantrenewableenergysource.Windturbinescangenerateelectricityfromthewind.Windenergyisalsowidelyavailableandhasarelativelylowenvironmentalimpact.Hydroelectricpowerisgeneratedbytheflowofwaterinriversanddams.Itisareliableandestablishedrenewableenergysource.However,buildingdamscanhavesomenegativeenvironmentalimpacts,suchasdisruptingfishmigration.Biomassenergyisproducedfromorganicmaterials,suchasplantsandanimalwaste.Itcanbeusedtogenerateheat,electricity,orbiofuels.Biomassenergyisconsideredcarbonneutral,whichmeansitdoesnotaddextracarbondioxidetotheatmosphere.41.Whyisitimportanttofindsustainableenergysources?A.Becausetraditionalenergysourcesaretooexpensive.B.Becausetheworld'spopulationisdecreasing.C.Becausetraditionalenergysourcesarefiniteandcauseenvironmentalproblems.D.Becausesustainableenergysourcesareeasiertofind.答案：C。文中提到“Astheworld'spopulationgrowsandenergydemandsincrease,findingsustainableenergysourcesisbecomingmoreandmoreimportant.Traditionalenergysources,suchascoal,oil,andnaturalgas,arefiniteandcauseenvironmentalproblems”，所以選C。42.Whichisoneofthemostpromisingrenewableenergysources?A.Coal.B.Oil.C.Solarenergy.D.Nuclearenergy.答案：C。文中說(shuō)“Solarenergyisoneofthemostpromisingrenewableenergysources”，所以選C。43.Howiswindenergygenerated?A.Byburningcoal.B.Byusingsolarpanels.C.Bywindturbinesconvertingwindintoelectricity.D.Bytheflowofwaterinrivers.答案：C。文中提到“Windturbinescangenerateelectricityfromthewind”，所以選C。44.Whatisanegativeimpactofbuildingdamsforhydroelectricpower?A.Itcancausefloods.B.Itcandisruptfishmigration.C.Itcanreducetheamountofwaterinrivers.D.Itcanincreasethetemperatureofwater.答案：B。文中說(shuō)“However,buildingdamscanhavesomenegativeenvironmentalimpacts,suchasdisruptingfishmigration”，所以選B。45.Whatisbiomassenergyproducedfrom?A.Inorganicmaterials.B.Metalsandminerals.C.Organicmaterials,suchasplantsandanimalwaste.D.Chemicalsandplastics.答案：C。文中提到“Biomassenergyisproducedfromorganicmaterials,suchasplantsandanimalwaste”，所以選C。第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文（第4650題，每題2分，共10分）下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個(gè)句子，其中5個(gè)取自短文，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。短文：TheHistoryofSpaceExplorationSpaceexplorationhascomealongwaysincethefirstsatellitewaslaunchedintospace.Ithasbeenajourneyfilledwithchallenges,discoveries,andachievements.Paragraph1In1957,theSovietUnionlaunchedSputnik1,theworld'sfirstartificialsatellite.________.Thiseventmarkedthebeginningofthespaceageandstartedthespac