全國(guó)英語等級(jí)考試五級(jí)2025年閱讀理解技巧訓(xùn)練卷考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______第一部分閱讀理解(共三篇文章，約700詞，每題2分，滿分40分)PassageOneTherapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedintensedebateacrossvarioussectors,particularlyregardingitsimpactonthejobmarket.ProponentsarguethatAIautomationwillprimarilydisplaceroutine,repetitivetasks,freeinguphumanworkerstofocusonmorecreative,complex,andinterpersonalaspectsofwork.TheyenvisionafuturewhereAIhandlesmundanechores,allowinghumanstoengageinhigher-ordercognitiveactivitiesandinnovation.Thisperspectivesuggeststhatwhilesomejobsmayvanish,newrolesrequiringhuman-AIcollaborationwillemerge,potentiallyleadingtooveralleconomicgrowthandproductivitygains.However,criticsvoicesignificantconcernsaboutthepotentialforwidespreadjobdisplacement.TheypointoutthatAIsystemsarebecomingincreasinglysophisticated,capablenotonlyofautomatingmanuallaborbutalsocognitivetaskspreviouslythoughttobeexclusivetohumans,suchasdataanalysis,customerservice,andevencertainformsofcontentcreation.Thisraisesthepossibilitythatalargerportionoftheworkforce,includingthoseinprofessionalandwhite-collarjobs,couldbeaffected.Thetransitionmightleadtosignificantunemploymentandwagestagnationifadequatesocialsafetynetsandreskillingprogramsarenotimplemented.Moreover,theconcentrationofeconomicpowerinthehandsofAIdevelopersandcorporationsposesadditionalriskstosocietalequity.Thechallenge,therefore,liesinnavigatingthetransitiontowardsanAI-integratedeconomyresponsibly.Thisinvolvesproactivepoliciestosupportworkersaffectedbyautomation,suchasrobustunemploymentbenefits,accessibleretraininginitiatives,andpotentiallyexploringconceptslikeuniversalbasicincome.Italsorequiresfosteringaneducationalsystemthatequipsindividualswithadaptableskills–criticalthinking,problem-solving,emotionalintelligence–thataredifficultformachinestoreplicate.Ultimately,harnessingthebenefitsofAIwhilemitigatingitsrisksdependsoncollectiveeffortstoensurethetechnologyserveshumanprosperityandwell-being.Questions:1.AccordingtotheproponentsofAI,whatisoneofthemainbenefitsofAIautomationforhumanworkers?2.WhatspecifictypesoftasksarementionedbycriticsasbeingpotentiallyautomatablebyAIsystemsinthefuture?3.WhatchallengeishighlightedinthepassageregardingtheintegrationofAIintotheeconomy?4.Theword"displacement"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:a)Creationb)Redeploymentc)Eliminationd)Innovation5.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestisnecessarytoensureAIbenefitssocietyequitably?PassageTwoSustainableurbandevelopmenthasbecomeacriticalfocusforcityplannersworldwide,drivenbytheneedtoaddressenvironmentaldegradationandimprovethequalityoflifeforresidents.Traditionalurbanmodels,characterizedbysprawlingsuburbs,relianceonprivatevehicles,andextensiveinfrastructuredevelopment,haveoftenledtoproblemsliketrafficcongestion,airpollution,andhabitatdestruction.Incontrast,sustainableapproachesemphasizecompactcitydesign,promotinghigher-densitylivingandmixed-usedevelopments.Thisencourageswalking,cycling,andtheuseofpublictransportation,therebyreducingcarbonemissionsandtrafficcongestion.Integratinggreenspaceswithinurbanenvironmentsisanothercornerstoneofsustainabledevelopment.Parks,greenroofs,andurbanforestsnotonlyenhanceaestheticappealbutalsoprovidenumerousecologicalbenefits.Theyoffernaturalhabitatsforwildlife,helpregulatelocalclimatebymitigatingtheurbanheatislandeffect,improveairandwaterquality,andcontributetoresidents'mentalandphysicalwell-being.Moreover,sustainableurbanplanninginvolvestheadoptionofrenewableenergysources,efficientwastemanagementsystems,andtheuseofsustainablebuildingmaterials.Technologiessuchassmartgridsandenergy-efficientappliancesplayaroleinreducingtheenvironmentalfootprintofurbanareas.Achievingsustainableurbandevelopmentrequiresamulti-facetedapproachinvolvinggovernmentpolicies,privatesectorinvestment,andcommunityparticipation.Regulationscanincentivizegreenbuildingpracticesandlimitsprawl.Businessescaninnovateindevelopingsustainabletechnologiesandpractices.Engaginglocalcommunitiesisequallyimportant,asitfostersasenseofownershipandencouragesbehaviouralchangestowardsmoresustainablelifestyles.Whilechallengesremain,theshifttowardssustainableurbanplanningrepresentsacrucialsteptowardscreatinghealthier,moreresilient,andenvironmentallyresponsiblecitiesforthefuture.Questions:6.Whatisaprimarycharacteristicoftraditionalurbanmodelsthatsustainablemodelsaimtoovercome?7.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomebenefitsprovidedbygreenspacesincities?8.Whatroledoregulationsplayinsustainableurbanplanning,asmentionedinthepassage?9.Thephrase"mitigatingtheurbanheatislandeffect"inthethirdparagraphrefersto:a)Increasingtheheightofbuildingsb)Reducingthetemperaturedifferencebetweenurbanandsurroundingruralareasc)Usingmorereflectivematerialsforroadsd)Encouragingmorepeopletoliveinthecitycenter10.Whatisconsideredessentialforthesuccessfulimplementationofsustainableurbandevelopment?PassageThreeTheinternethasfundamentallytransformedhowpeopleaccessandshareinformation,communication,andevenentertainment.Itspervasivenaturehaswovenitselfintothefabricofdailylife,makingitanindispensabletoolforindividuals,businesses,andgovernmentsalike.Oneofthemostsignificantimpactshasbeenoncommunication,enablinginstantconnectionsacrossvastdistancesthroughemail,socialmedia,andvideoconferencing.Thishasnotonlyfacilitatedpersonalrelationshipsbuthasalsorevolutionizedbusinessoperations,allowingforglobalcollaborationandreal-timeinformationexchange.However,thisdigitalrevolutionisnotwithoutitschallenges.Theeasewithwhichinformationcanbedisseminatedalsomeansthatmisinformationanddisinformationcanspreadrapidly,potentiallycausingharmandsocialdivision.Issuesofprivacyanddatasecurityhavebecomeincreasinglyprominentasvastamountsofpersonalinformationarecollectedandprocessedonline.Thedigitaldivide,reflectingdisparitiesinaccesstotechnologyandtheinternetacrossdifferentregionsandsocioeconomicgroups,alsoposesasignificantbarriertoequitableparticipationinthedigitalage.Furthermore,thedominanceoflargetechnologycompaniesraisesconcernsaboutmarketconcentrationandthepotentialmanipulationofpublicopinion.Navigatingthecomplexitiesoftheinternetrequiresacombinationofindividualawarenessandcollectiveaction.Usersneedtodevelopcriticalthinkingskillstodiscerncredibleinformationfromfalsehoodsandprotecttheirpersonaldata.Simultaneously,governmentsandinternationalbodiesmustworktowardsestablishingregulationsthatpromotedigitalethics,protectprivacyrights,ensurefaircompetition,andbridgethedigitaldivide.Encouragingdigitalliteracyeducationiscrucialforempoweringindividualstoparticipatesafelyandeffectivelyintheonlineworld.Ultimately,harnessingtheimmensepotentialoftheinternetforsocietalbenefitwhilemitigatingitsrisksisanongoingprocessthatdemandscontinuousattentionandadaptation.Questions:11.Howhastheinternetimpactedpersonalcommunication,accordingtothepassage?12.Whatproblemarisesfromthespeedatwhichinformationcanbesharedonline?13.Whatisthe"digitaldivide"mentionedinthepassage?14.Theword"dissemination"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:a)Suppressionb)Collectionc)Eliminationd)Distribution15.Accordingtothepassage,whatiscrucialforempoweringindividualsintheonlineworld?第二部分閱讀理解(繼續(xù))PassageFourForcenturies,humanshavebeenfascinatedbythevastexpanseoftheuniverse,constantlyseekingtounravelitsmysteries.Recentadvancementsinspaceexplorationtechnologyhavesignificantlyexpandedourcapabilitiesinobservingandinvestigatingcelestialbodies.Roboticprobes,telescopesbothonEarthandinspace,andincreasinglysophisticatedsatellitemissionshaveallowedscientiststogatherunprecedentedamountsofdata.Thisdatahasledtoremarkablediscoveries,includingtheidentificationofexoplanetsorbitingstarsotherthanourSun,theanalysisofplanetaryatmospheres,andtheexplorationofdistantgalaxies.OneofthemostexcitingfrontiersinspaceexplorationisthesearchforlifebeyondEarth.ProjectsliketheJamesWebbSpaceTelescopeaimtoanalyzetheatmospheresofexoplanetsforbiosignatures–indicatorsthatmightsuggestthepresenceofbiologicalactivity.Meanwhile,missionstoMars,focusingonpastorpresentsignsofwaterandpotentialmicrobiallife,continuetoyieldfascinatingfindings.Thestudyofasteroidsandcometsalsoprovidesinsightsintotheearlyconditionsofthesolarsystemandthebuildingblocksoflife.Theseendeavorsnotonlycontributetoourfundamentalunderstandingofourplaceinthecosmosbutalsoholdpotentialpracticalapplications,suchaslearningmoreaboutcosmicradiationandresourceutilizationinspace.Despitetheseadvancements,spaceexplorationfacesconsiderablechallenges.Theimmensedistancesinvolvedmakemissionsexpensiveandtime-consuming.Developingtechnologiescapableofsustaininghumanlifeforextendedperiodsinspace,protectingastronautsfromradiation,andachievingefficientpropulsionsystemsremainkeyareasofresearch.Furthermore,ethicalconsiderationssurroundingspaceexploration,suchasthepotentialcontaminationofotherworldsandtheimplicationsofresourceextraction,areincreasinglyimportanttopicsofdiscussion.Collaborationbetweennationsandinternationalspaceagenciesisoftennecessarytopoolresourcesandsharethecostsandrisksassociatedwithambitiousspaceprojects.Astechnologycontinuestoprogress,thedreamofexploringtheuniversemoredeeplyandunderstandingitsfundamentalworkingsremainsapowerfulmotivatorforhumaningenuity.Questions:16.Whathasenabledsignificantadvancementsinourabilitytostudytheuniverserecently?17.Whatare"biosignatures"mentionedinthecontextofsearchingforlifeonotherplanets?18.Theword"unprecedented"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:a)Ordinaryb)Expectedc)Surpassedd)Limited19.Whataresomeofthechallengesmentionedforfuturehumanspaceexploration?20.Accordingtothepassage,whyisinternationalcollaborationimportantinspaceexploration?---試卷答案第一部分閱讀理解1.c)Focusonmorecreative,complex,andinterpersonalaspectsofwork.解析：題干問支持者認(rèn)為AI自動(dòng)化對(duì)人類工人的一大主要好處是什么。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句，支持者認(rèn)為AI將使人類工人能專注于更具創(chuàng)造性、復(fù)雜性和人際交往的工作。2.d)Certainformsofcontentcreation.解析：題干問批評(píng)者提到了哪些類型的工作可能被AI系統(tǒng)在未來自動(dòng)化。根據(jù)文章第二段，批評(píng)者指出AI不僅自動(dòng)化體力勞動(dòng)，還能自動(dòng)化以前被認(rèn)為是人類專屬的認(rèn)知任務(wù)，包括數(shù)據(jù)分析、客戶服務(wù)和“某些內(nèi)容創(chuàng)建形式”。3.c)HowtonavigatethetransitiontowardsanAI-integratedeconomyresponsibly.解析：題干問文章強(qiáng)調(diào)了將AI融入經(jīng)濟(jì)所面臨的什么挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句，挑戰(zhàn)在于“負(fù)責(zé)任地導(dǎo)航向一個(gè)AI融合的經(jīng)濟(jì)的轉(zhuǎn)型”。4.c)Elimination解析：題干要求找出“displacement”在第二段中最接近的意思。根據(jù)上下文，AI可能導(dǎo)致“一些工作消失”(somejobsmayvanish)，因此“displacement”（消除、取代）是最佳選項(xiàng)?！癈reation”（創(chuàng)造）與文意相反；“Redeployment”（重新部署）可能部分發(fā)生，但不是核心含義；“Innovation”（創(chuàng)新）是AI帶來的潛在積極面，而非被取代的概念。5.d)Establishingregulationsthatpromotedigitalethics,protectprivacyrights,ensurefaircompetition,andbridgethedigitaldivide.解析：題干問文章建議為了確保AI公平地惠及社會(huì)需要什么。根據(jù)文章第三段最后一句，需要政府和國(guó)際機(jī)構(gòu)“努力建立促進(jìn)數(shù)字倫理、保護(hù)隱私權(quán)、確保公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和彌合數(shù)字鴻溝的法規(guī)”。6.c)Relianceonprivatevehicles,andextensiveinfrastructuredevelopment.解析：題干問傳統(tǒng)城市模式的什么主要特征是可持續(xù)模式旨在克服的。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句，傳統(tǒng)模式的特點(diǎn)是依賴私家車和大規(guī)模的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施發(fā)展，可持續(xù)模式則強(qiáng)調(diào)高密度混合用途發(fā)展。7.b)Theyoffernaturalhabitatsforwildlife,helpregulatelocalclimatebymitigatingtheurbanheatislandeffect,improveairandwaterquality,andcontributetoresidents'mentalandphysicalwell-being.解析：題干問根據(jù)文章，城市中的綠色空間能提供哪些好處。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句，綠色空間提供了多種生態(tài)效益，包括為野生動(dòng)物提供棲息地、調(diào)節(jié)局部氣候（緩解熱島效應(yīng)）、改善空氣和水質(zhì)，以及促進(jìn)居民身心健康。8.a)Incentivizegreenbuildingpracticesandlimitsprawl.解析：題干問法規(guī)在可持續(xù)城市規(guī)劃中扮演什么角色，根據(jù)文章第二段第三句，法規(guī)可以“激勵(lì)綠色建筑實(shí)踐并限制蔓延（sprawl）”。9.b)Reducingthetemperaturedifferencebetweenurbanandsurroundingruralareas.解析：題干要求解釋短語“mitigatingtheurbanheatislandeffect”的意思。根據(jù)上下文，該短語指的是緩解城市與周邊鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)之間的溫度差異，即降低城市熱島效應(yīng)。10.d)Engaginglocalcommunitiesisequallyimportant,asitfostersasenseofownershipandencouragesbehaviouralchangestowardsmoresustainablelifestyles.解析：題干問什么對(duì)于成功實(shí)施可持續(xù)城市發(fā)展被認(rèn)為是必不可少的。根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句，參與當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)同樣重要，因?yàn)樗芘囵B(yǎng)歸屬感并鼓勵(lì)向更可持續(xù)的生活方式轉(zhuǎn)變。11.Throughemail,socialmedia,andvideoconferencing,enablinginstantconnectionsacrossvastdistances.解析：題干問互聯(lián)網(wǎng)如何影響了個(gè)人溝通。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)通過電子郵件、社交媒體和視頻會(huì)議等，使人們能夠跨vastdistances進(jìn)行instantconnections（即時(shí)連接）。12.Therapidspreadofmisinformationanddisinformation,potentiallycausingharmandsocialdivision.解析：題干問互聯(lián)網(wǎng)信息傳播速度快帶來的問題是什么。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句，這種速度意味著錯(cuò)誤信息和虛假信息（misinformationanddisinformation）會(huì)迅速傳播，可能造成傷害和社會(huì)分裂。13.Thedisparitiesinaccesstotechnologyandtheinternetacrossdifferentregionsandsocioeconomicgroups.解析：題干問“digitaldivide”是什么。根據(jù)文章第二段，數(shù)字鴻溝指的是不同地區(qū)和社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)群體之間在獲得技術(shù)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)方面的差距（disparitiesinaccess）。14.d)Distributi