Avoidingrisksofelectrical

householdappliancesandluminaires輸歐照明和家電產(chǎn)品合規(guī)與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理?

Safety

problemsfoundonelectrical

household

appliances

inthe

EU歐盟發(fā)現(xiàn)的家用電器安全問(wèn)題?

Managing

productsafety

risks

產(chǎn)品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理?

Productsafety

rulesarchitecture

產(chǎn)品安全規(guī)則體系結(jié)構(gòu)Pleaseaskquestions

in

the

chat.請(qǐng)?jiān)诹奶齑爸羞M(jìn)行提問(wèn)。Avoidingrisksofelectricalhouseholdappliancesandluminaires輸歐照明和家電產(chǎn)品合規(guī)與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理5The

EUSafety

Gate歐盟“安全門(mén)”?

Protection

ofConsumers

保護(hù)消費(fèi)者?

Risk

managementindesignand

production

設(shè)計(jì)與生產(chǎn)中的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理Four

primary

hazardsforelectricalproducts:電子電器產(chǎn)品中的四大主要危害：?

Fire火災(zāi)

7%?

Electrocution

電擊

10%?

Mechanical機(jī)械危害?

Heating發(fā)熱ScreenshotofSafetyGatehomepage6A12/00170/21

A12/00119/217Alert

number通報(bào)編號(hào)：

A12/00240/218Alert

number通報(bào)編號(hào)：A12/00141/21?

The

mainscable

istoothin,

meaning

itcan

overheat

in

use

電源線太細(xì)，使用中可能會(huì)過(guò)熱?

The

plastic

partofthe

plug

is

madeofcombustible

material插頭的塑料部分是由可燃材料制作的?

The

USB

port’s

insulation

is

inadequate,

leaving

live

partsaccessible.

Plugwith

incorrect

dimensionswhichcandamagethesocket

and

create

a

fire

hazardUSB端口電氣絕緣不足，導(dǎo)致帶電部件可接觸。插頭尺寸不正確，可能損壞插座并造成火災(zāi)危害9?72

people

died72人死亡?74

people

hospitalized74人入院?233

people

escaped233人逃離?Source

of

the

fire

was

a

fridge

freezer

inan

apartment

on

the

6th

floor起火原因是公寓六樓的一個(gè)冰箱Grenfell

Tower–June

2017

格倫費(fèi)爾大廈火災(zāi)—2017年6月10A11/00010/2111Managing

product

safetyrisksofelectrical

appliances

and

luminaires照明和電器產(chǎn)品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理12Electric

shock–

root

causes觸電——根本原因Four

product

hazardscancauseelectricalshocks:四種產(chǎn)品問(wèn)題可能導(dǎo)致觸電：1.Low-quality

electrical

wiring劣質(zhì)電線2.Componentswith

poor

electricalinsulation

部件的電氣絕緣不足3.Errors

in

design

or

construction

設(shè)計(jì)或結(jié)構(gòu)上的錯(cuò)誤4.Child-appealingdesign

產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)于吸引兒童13Overheatingappliances–

root

causes電器產(chǎn)品過(guò)熱——根本原因Four

product

hazardscancauseoverheating

orfire:四種產(chǎn)品問(wèn)題可能導(dǎo)致過(guò)熱或者火災(zāi)：1.

Poor

design糟糕的設(shè)計(jì)2.Low-quality

components劣質(zhì)的部件3.Components

notdimensionedforactual

conditions

部件尺寸和實(shí)際情況不一樣4.Inadequatefixation

of

electricalconductors

電導(dǎo)體固定不牢14Astructured

approach:這是一種結(jié)構(gòu)化方法：?

identifyall

relevant

potential

hazards

識(shí)別產(chǎn)品所有相關(guān)的潛在危險(xiǎn)?

understandtheassociated

risks

了解關(guān)聯(lián)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)?

reducethe

riskstoan

acceptable

level

將風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降至可接受的水平Risk

management風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理15Risk

management–inpractice風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理實(shí)踐CENELECGuide

32,“GuidelinesforSafety

Related

Risk

Assessmentand

Risk

Reductionfor

LowVoltageEquipment”歐洲電工標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化委員會(huì)32號(hào)指南，《低壓電氣設(shè)備安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低指南》Can

bedownloadedforfreefromthe

CENELECwebsite可在歐洲電工標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化委員會(huì)網(wǎng)站上免費(fèi)下載16Requirement要求Relevant

yes/no?

是否相關(guān)Fulfi

lled

by如何符合A.

2preliminaryobservations

A.

2初步觀察YES是A.

3safety

integrationA.

3

安全集成yes是Application

of

this

Guide,in

particular

applicationof

the

"3

-step-method"-

Inherentdesign

measures-

protective

measures-user

information應(yīng)用本指南,特別是使用

"三步法"

內(nèi)在設(shè)計(jì)措施

防護(hù)措施

用戶信息A.4protection

againstelectrical

hazardsA.4

電氣傷害防護(hù)a)

leakagecurrenta)

泄漏電流Firstcolumn:All

potentialproducthazards第一列：所有的潛在產(chǎn)品風(fēng)險(xiǎn)Secondcolumn:Requirement

relevantor

not.第二列：判斷要求是否相關(guān)Thirdcolumn:Descriptionof

how

the

riskhas

been

addressed.第三列：如何解決風(fēng)險(xiǎn)Risk

management–inpractice風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理實(shí)踐17Requirement要求Relevant

yes/

no?是否相關(guān)Fulfilled

by如何符合A.

2preliminaryobservations

A.2初步觀察yes是A.

3safety

integrationA.3

安全集成yes是Application

of

this

Guide,in

particular

applicationof

the

"3

-step-method"-

Inherentdesign

measures-protectivemeasures-user

information應(yīng)用本指南,特別是使用"三步法"

內(nèi)在設(shè)計(jì)措施

防護(hù)措施

用戶信息A.

4protection

againstelectrical

hazardsA.4

電氣傷害防護(hù)a)

leakagecurrenta)

泄漏電流1.Gothroughall

lines

andwrite

“YES”or“no”

inthesecondcolumn通讀/瀏覽表格中的所有行，并

在第二列中寫(xiě)上是/否。2.Analyseall

requirementswhereyouwrote“YES”-

identifyanapplicableharmonisedstandardandapplicableclause分析所有標(biāo)記了“是”的要求，

確認(rèn)適用的協(xié)調(diào)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以及適用的

條款Risk

management–inpractice風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理實(shí)踐18Example,table

lamp:案例——臺(tái)燈Applicablestandards:適用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?

EN

60598-2-4must

be

readtogetherwith必須和?

EN

60598-1一起使用19Requirement要求RelevantYes/no?是否相關(guān)Fulfilled

by如何符合A.4

Protection

againstelectrical

hazards

A.4

電氣傷害防護(hù)a)

leakagecurrent泄露電流b)energy

supply電源c)stored

charges存儲(chǔ)電荷d)

arcs電弧Example,table

lamp,

risk

management風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理案例——臺(tái)燈etc.等20Requirement要求RelevantYes/no?是否相關(guān)Fulfilled

by如何符合A.4

Protection

againstelectrical

hazards

A.4

電氣傷害防護(hù)a)

leakagecurrent泄露電流YES是b)energy

supply電源c)stored

charges存儲(chǔ)電荷d)

arcs電弧Example,table

lamp,

risk

management風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理案例——臺(tái)燈etc.等21Requirement要求RelevantYes/no?

是否相關(guān)Fulfilled

by如何符合A.4

Protection

againstelectrical

hazards

A.4

電氣傷害防護(hù)a)

leakagecurrent泄露電流YES是b)energy

supply電源YES是c)

stored

charges存儲(chǔ)電荷d)

arcs電弧Example,table

lamp,

risk

management風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理案例——臺(tái)燈etc.等22Requirement要求RelevantYes/no?

是否相關(guān)Fulfilled

by如何符合A.4

Protection

againstelectrical

hazards

A.4

電氣傷害防護(hù)a)

leakagecurrent泄露電流YES是b)energy

supply電源YES是c)

stored

charges存儲(chǔ)電荷NO否d)

arcs電弧Example,table

lamp,

risk

management風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理案例——臺(tái)燈etc.等23Requirement要求RelevantYes/no?

是否相關(guān)Fulfilled

by如何符合A.4

Protection

againstelectrical

hazards

A.4

電氣傷害防護(hù)a)

leakagecurrent泄露電流YES是EN60598-2-4,clauses4.8

and4.15EN60598-2-4中的第4.8條和第4.15條b)energy

supply電源YES是c)stored

charges存儲(chǔ)電荷NO否d)

arcs電弧Example,table

lamp,

risk

management風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理案例——臺(tái)燈etc.等24Requirement要求RelevantYes/no?

是否相關(guān)Fulfilled

by如何符合A.4

Protection

againstelectrical

hazards

A.4

電氣傷害防護(hù)a)

leakagecurrent泄漏電流YES是EN60598-2-4,clauses4.8and

4.15EN60598-2-4中的第4.8條和第4.15條b)energy

supply電源YES是EN60598-2-4,clauses4.12EN60598-2-4中的第4.12條c)stored

charges存儲(chǔ)電荷NO否d)

arcs電弧Example,table

lamp,

risk

management風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理案例——臺(tái)燈etc.等25Requirement要求RelevantYes/no?

是否相關(guān)Fulfilled

by如何符合A.4

Protection

againstelectrical

hazards

A.4

電氣傷害防護(hù)a)

leakagecurrent泄露電流YES是EN60598-2-4,clauses4.8

and4.15EN60598-2-4中的第4.8條和第4.15條b)energy

supply電源YES是EN60598-2-4,clauses4.12EN60598-2-4中的第4.12條c)stored

charges存儲(chǔ)電荷NO否No

batteries

or

other

stored

charges

inside

luminaire臺(tái)燈內(nèi)沒(méi)有電池或其他存儲(chǔ)電荷d)

arcs電弧Example,table

lamp,

risk

management風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理案例——臺(tái)燈etc.等26?

Use

Guide

32

使用32號(hào)指南?

Carefullyconsiderevery“NO”

inthe

middle

column謹(jǐn)慎考慮中間那欄里寫(xiě)下的每一個(gè)“否”?Apply

standards

outsidethe

LVD

area?

采用《低電壓指令》以外的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)嗎？?

Doesthe

standardgivethe

best

pictureofyour

productandthe

use？采用的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是否是最適用你的產(chǎn)品及其用途的？?

Runthisexerciseearly

inthe

design

stage進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)操作的最佳時(shí)間是在設(shè)計(jì)階段的初期Riskmanagement

–tips&tricks風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理——提示和技巧27Child-appealingappliancesandluminaires

-EU

guidelines吸引兒童的電器和燈具——?dú)W盟指南Householdappliances:家用電器：Luminaires:燈具：28?

Manufacturers

must

have

meansin

placeto

controlthe

production-all

itemsmanufactured

must

besafe制造商必須有適當(dāng)?shù)姆椒▉?lái)控制生產(chǎn)——所有

生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品必須是安全的?

But

no

requirementsforcertified

quality

control

schemes(for

manufacturingof

electricalappliances)但（對(duì)于電器制造）無(wú)需認(rèn)證的質(zhì)量控制計(jì)劃Productioncontrol生產(chǎn)控制29Documentation文檔材料30Step

1:Compile

technicaldocumentation第一步：編制技術(shù)文檔Shortvideo

inSPEAC

website:Howtoprepareaqualified

technical

file?SPEAC項(xiàng)目網(wǎng)站上的短視頻：如何準(zhǔn)備一份符合歐盟要求的技術(shù)文件？https://speac-project.eu/zh-hans/freetrainingservices/ruhe-zhunbei-fuhe-oumeng-yaoqiu-jishu-wenjian/31Shortvideo

inSPEAC

website:Conformity

Assessment

for

electrical

products,

the

Declaration

of

Conformity,

andtheCE

markSPEAC項(xiàng)目網(wǎng)站上的短視頻：電器產(chǎn)品合格評(píng)定、

符合性聲明以及CE認(rèn)證https://speac-project.eu/zh-hans/freetrainingservices/ruhe-zhunbei-fuhe-oumeng-yaoqiu-jishu-wenjian/Step2:Sign

Declaration

of

Conformity第二步：簽署《符合性聲明》32Documentation文檔材料1.Compile

technical

file編制技術(shù)文件2.Draw

up

and

sign

EU

Declaration

of

Conformity起草并簽署歐盟符合性聲明3.

AffixCE

markingto

product

在產(chǎn)品上加貼CE標(biāo)志Technicalfileand

EU

Declaration

ofConformitymust

be

stored

for

10years技術(shù)文件和歐盟符合性聲明必須保存10年33Legislativeoverview法律法規(guī)概述?

Low

Voltage

Electrical

Equipment

Directive

2014-

voltage

limits《低電壓指令》（2014版）——電壓限制?General

Product

Safety

Directive

2001

-

electronicproducts,

butdon,

tforgetthe

power

suppIy《通用產(chǎn)品安全指令》

（2001版）——電子電器產(chǎn)品，

但不要忘記電源?

Radio

Equipment

Directive

2014

-

products

withcommunications

modules-

so

called

’smart,

products《無(wú)線電設(shè)備指令》

（2014版）——包含通信模塊的

產(chǎn)品——通稱“智能”產(chǎn)品Nicepicture34Other

regulatoryrequirements其他法律法規(guī)要求?

Electromagnetic

Compatibility

Directive2014

《電磁兼容指令》（2014版）?

RestrictionofHazardousSubstances

in

ElectricalandElectronic

Equipment

Directive

2011

(RoHS)《電子、

電器設(shè)備中限制使用某些有害物質(zhì)指令》

（2011版）（RoHS）?Waste

Electrical

and

Electrotechnical

Equipment

Directive

2012

(WEEE)《廢棄電子電氣設(shè)備指令》（2012版）

（WEEE）Nicepicture35Sourcesof

information信息源?

Low

Voltage

Directive

(LVD):《低電壓指令》（LVD）：https://ec.europa.eu/growth/sectors/electrical-

engineering/lvd-directive_en?

ElectromagneticCompatibility

Directive

(EMCD)《電磁兼容指令》（EMCD）https://ec.europa.eu/growth/sectors/electrical-

engineering/emc-directive_enNicepicture36Harmonised

standards協(xié)調(diào)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Low

Voltage

Directive

(LVD):低電壓指令?General

requirements-EN60335,Part

1and

numerous

Part

2standards

e.g.一般要求-EN

60335--第一部分，第二部分關(guān)于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的信息?Part7

Specific

requirementsfor

washing

machines第七部分關(guān)于洗衣機(jī)的具體要求?

Audio

and

visual

equipment-

EN

62368視頻音頻設(shè)備-EN

62368Nicepicture37WhatdoChinese

manufacturersand

merchantsneed

to

know

to

trade

online

into

the

EU

market中國(guó)的制造商和商家進(jìn)入歐盟的線上市場(chǎng)需要知道什么?

New

legislation

has

been

put

in

place出臺(tái)了新的法律法規(guī)?

Requirementto

haveaneconomicoperator

to

representyou

inthe

EU要求在歐盟有一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)營(yíng)者作為你的代表38SPEACknowledgevideo

SPEAC知識(shí)大講堂視頻39Requirementto

haveaneconomicoperatorto

represent要求在歐盟有一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)營(yíng)者作為你的代表?Isyouronline

platformpreparedforthis?

你的線上平臺(tái)是否做好相關(guān)準(zhǔn)備？?

Check:檢查：?Dotheywantyourdeclarationofconformity?他們是否需要你提供符合性聲明？?

Their

requirementstotechnicaldocumentation?

他們是否要求你提供技術(shù)文件？WhatdoChinese

manufacturersand

merchantsneed

to

know

to

trade

online

into

the

EU

market中國(guó)的制造商和商家進(jìn)入歐盟的