2025年英語專四閱讀理解專項(xiàng)試卷考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______PartOneReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandchoosethebestanswerforeachofthequestionsbelow.TheDouble-EdgedSwordofSocialMediaTheriseofsocialmediaplatformshasundeniablytransformedhowwecommunicate,shareinformation,andconsumeentertainment.Formany,thesedigitalspaceshavebecomeindispensabletoolsformaintainingconnections,accessingnews,andexpressingpersonalidentity.However,alongsidethesesignificantbenefits,agrowingbodyofevidencesuggeststhatsocialmediaalsopresentsconsiderablechallenges,particularlyforyoungpeoplenavigatingthecomplexitiesofadolescenceinthedigitalage.Oneofthemostwidelydiscussednegativeimpactsofsocialmediaisitspotentialtofuelsocialcomparison.Constantlyviewingcurated,oftenidealizedportrayalsofothers'livescanleadtofeelingsofinadequacy,anxiety,anddiminishedself-esteem.Thepressuretopresentaperfectimage,oftenfueledbymetricslikelikesandshares,cancreateunrealisticexpectationsandfosteracultureofcompetitionratherthangenuineconnection.Thisphenomenon,sometimestermed"socialmediaenvy,"canbeparticularlydamagingduringformativeyearswhenindividualsarealreadygrapplingwithself-identityandpeerpressure.Furthermore,theaddictivenatureofsocialmediaplatformsposesasignificantthreattomentalwell-being.Theconstantstreamofnotifications,thealgorithmicallydesignedfeedaimedatmaximizingengagement,andtheeasyaccessibilityofcontentcreateaperfectstormforaddictivebehaviour.Userscanfindthemselvesspendinghoursscrolling,oftenlosingtrackoftime,whichcanleadtosleepdeprivation,reducedphysicalactivity,anddecreasedproductivity.Thementaltollcanmanifestasincreasedstress,irritability,andevensymptomsofdepressionandanxiety.Cyberbullyingisanothercriticalconcernexacerbatedbytheprevalenceofsocialmedia.Anonymityanddistancecanemboldenindividualstoengageinharassmentandaggressionthatwouldbelesslikelyinface-to-faceinteractions.Thepublicnatureofmanyplatformsmeansthatbullyingcanfollowvictimsthroughouttheirday,creatingapersistentanddistressingenvironment.Thedigitalfootprintleftbysuchincidentscanalsobelong-lasting,impactinganindividual'sonlinereputationandfutureopportunities.Despitetheseconcerns,itiscrucialtoacknowledgethatsocialmediaisnotinherentlydetrimental.Whenusedresponsiblyandinmoderation,theseplatformscanoffervaluableopportunitiesforlearning,communitybuilding,andsocialactivism.Thekeyliesindevelopingdigitalliteracyskillsandamindfulapproachtoengagement.Encouragingcriticalconsumptionofonlinecontent,promotinghealthyonlinebehaviours,andfosteringopenconversationsabouttheimpactsofsocialmediaareessentialstepsinmitigatingitspotentialharms.Questions:1.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneoftheprimarywayssocialmediahastransformedcommunication?2.Theword"curated"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:3.Whatconsequencedoesthepassagesuggestcanresultfromtheaddictivenatureofsocialmedia?4.Whydoestheauthormentioncyberbullyingasaconcern?5.Accordingtothepassage,whatisconsideredacrucialaspectinmitigatingthenegativeeffectsofsocialmedia?PartTwoReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandanswerthequestionsthatfollow.TheImportanceofPreservingBiodiversityBiodiversity,thevarietyoflifeonEarthatallitslevelsfromgenetictoecosystem,isfundamentallyvitalforthehealthofourplanetandthewell-beingofallspecies,includinghumans.Itunderpinsthefunctioningofecosystemsthatprovideessentialservicessuchascleanairandwater,soilfertility,climateregulation,andpollination,whicharecrucialforsustaininglifeandsupportingagriculturalproductivity.Theintricatewebofinteractionsamongdiversespeciescontributestotheresilienceandstabilityofecosystems,enablingthemtowithstandenvironmentalchangesanddisturbances.Humanactivities,however,haveexertedimmensepressureonglobalbiodiversityoverthepastcentury.Habitatdestruction,primarilythroughdeforestation,urbanization,andconversionofnaturallandscapesforagriculture,isthemostsignificantthreat.Pollution,includingchemicalrunoffintowaterways,plasticwasteinoceans,andatmosphericcontamination,furtherdegradeshabitatsandharmswildlife.Climatechange,drivenlargelybyhuman-generatedgreenhousegasemissions,iscausingshiftsintemperatureandprecipitationpatterns,alteringhabitatsanddisruptingthetimingofbiologicaleventslikefloweringandmigration,leadingtospeciesdeclineandecosystemimbalance.Overexploitation,suchasoverfishingandexcessivehunting,hasdrivennumerousspeciestothebrinkofextinction.Thelossofbiodiversityisnotmerelyanenvironmentalissue;itcarriesprofoundimplicationsforhumansocieties.Thedeclineinpollinatorpopulations,forinstance,threatensglobalfoodsecuritybyimpactingcropyields.Thedegradationofcoastalecosystemslikemangrovesandcoralreefsincreasesvulnerabilitytonaturaldisasterslikestormsanderosion.Furthermore,biodiversitylosscanreducetheavailabilityofnaturalresourcesandmedicinalcompounds,erodeculturalidentitiestiedtospecificenvironments,anddiminishrecreationalopportunities.Manycommunities,particularlyindigenouspeoples,relydirectlyonbiodiversityfortheirlivelihoods,food,andtraditionalpractices.Addressingthecrisisofbiodiversitylossrequiresamultifacetedapproach.Effectiveconservationstrategiesmustbeimplemented,includingtheestablishmentandpropermanagementofprotectedareas,therestorationofdegradedecosystems,andthecreationofcorridorstoconnectfragmentedhabitats.Sustainableland-useplanningandresponsibleagriculturalpracticesareessentialtominimizehabitatdestructionandfragmentation.Reducingpollution,particularlybytransitioningtocleanertechnologiesandmanagingwasteeffectively,iscrucial.Combatingclimatechangethroughglobalcooperationandemissionreductionsisalsoindispensable,asitdirectlyimpactsbiodiversity.Raisingpublicawareness,promotingbiodiversity-friendlypolicies,andintegratingconservationintoeducationandeconomicplanningareequallyvitalcomponentsofacomprehensivestrategytosafeguardEarth'spreciousbiologicalheritageforfuturegenerations.Questions:6.Whatfundamentalroledoesbiodiversityplayinthefunctioningofecosystems?7.Thephrase"theintricatewebofinteractions"inthesecondparagraphmostlikelyrefersto:8.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestasaconsequenceofclimatechangeonbiologicalevents?9.Howdoesthelossofbiodiversityimpacthumanfoodsecurityaccordingtothepassage?10.Whatisdescribedasanessentialcomponentofastrategytocombatbiodiversityloss,alongsideconservationandpollutionreduction?PartThreeReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandchoosethebestanswer,A,B,C,orD,toeachquestionbasedonwhatisstatedorimpliedinthepassage.TheEvolutionofWorkintheDigitalAgeTheconceptofworkhasundergoneaprofoundtransformationinrecentdecades,largelydrivenbytherapidadvancementandwidespreadadoptionofdigitaltechnologies.Traditionalnotionsofthefixed9-to-5officejobarebeingincreasinglychallengedbymoreflexibleandoftenremoteworkingarrangements.Thisshiftisnotmerelyachangeinlocationbutrepresentsafundamentalalterationinhow,when,andwhereworkisperformedandmanaged.Oneofthemostsignificantimpactsofdigitaltechnologyonworkisthefacilitationofremotecollaboration.Toolssuchasvideoconferencing,projectmanagementsoftware,andcloud-basedstoragehavemadeitpossibleforteamstocollaborateeffectivelyregardlessofgeographicdistance.Thishasopenedupnewopportunitiesfortalentacquisition,allowingcompaniestohirethebestcandidatesfromanywhereintheworld,andhasprovidedemployeeswithgreaterflexibilitytobalanceworkandpersonallife.However,thisincreasedflexibilityalsointroduceschallenges,suchasthepotentialforwork-lifeboundaryblurringandtheneedforstrongself-disciplineandtimemanagementskillsfromemployees.Theriseofthegigeconomy,heavilyenabledbydigitalplatforms,representsanothermajortrendreshapingthelabormarket.Platformsconnectingserviceproviderswithcustomershavecreatednumerousshort-termcontractsandfreelanceopportunitiesacrossvarioussectors.Whilethisoffersindividualsgreaterautonomyandpotentiallylucrativeearnings,itoftenlacksthesecurity,benefits,andlong-termcareerprogressionassociatedwithtraditionalemployment.Concernsaboutincomeinstability,lackofsocialsecurity,andthepotentialforexploitationwithinthegigeconomyaresignificantpointsofcontention.Furthermore,automationandartificialintelligence(AI)areincreasinglyautomatingroutineandrepetitivetasksacrossmanyindustries.Whilethiscanleadtoincreasedefficiencyandthepotentialforeconomicgrowth,italsoposesathreattocertainjobcategories,particularlythoseinvolvingmanuallabororpredictablecognitivetasks.Thelong-termimpactofAIonemploymentpatternsisstillunfolding,andthereisagrowingneedforworkforceretrainingandeducationtohelpworkersadapttothechangingdemandsofthelabormarket.Thefocusisshiftingtowardsrolesrequiringcreativity,criticalthinking,complexproblem-solving,andhumaninteraction–skillsthatremaindifficultformachinestoreplicate.Theevolutionofworkinthedigitalagealsonecessitatesareevaluationofworkplacecultureandmanagementpractices.Employersmustadapttofosterenvironmentsthatsupportremoteorhybridworkmodels,promotingcommunication,collaboration,andwell-beingamongdistributedteams.Managingaworkforcewithdiverseemploymentarrangementsrequiresnewstrategiesforperformanceevaluation,motivation,andengagement.Theverydefinitionofasuccessfulcareerisalsobeingreconsidered,withpersonalfulfillment,continuouslearning,andwork-lifeintegrationgainingprominencealongsidetraditionalmeasuresofsuccesslikesalaryandtitle.Questions:11.Whatfundamentalchangeinworkarrangementsishighlightedasaresultofdigitaltechnology?12.Thepassagesuggeststhatremotecollaboration,facilitatedbydigitaltools,haswhatpotentialeffectoncompanies?13.Whatisaprimaryconcernmentionedregardingthegigeconomy?14.Accordingtothepassage,howareautomationandAIimpactingcertainjobcategories?15.WhatskillsetisthepassageindicatingbecomesincreasinglyimportantinthecontextofAIandautomation?PartFourReadthefollowingpassage.Foreachquestion,choosethebestanswerfromthefouroptionsbasedontheinformationprovidedinthepassage.CulturalHeritageandGlobalCitizenshipGlobalizationhasinterconnectednationslikeneverbefore,facilitatingtheexchangeofgoods,services,andideasacrossborders.Thisincreasinginterconnectednessraisesimportantquestionsaboutculturalidentityandthepreservationofuniqueheritageinaworldwhereglobalinfluencesareever-present.Whilethehomogenizingpressuresofglobalculturecanthreatenlocaltraditionsandpractices,theveryactofglobalexchangealsooffersopportunitiesforculturaldialogueandmutualunderstanding.Culturalheritageencompassesthetangibleandintangibleaspectsofasociety'shistoryandidentity,includingmonuments,artifacts,languages,traditions,music,andoralhistories.Itservesasalinktothepast,shapingcollectivememoryandprovidingafoundationforunderstandingacommunity'svaluesandbeliefs.Thelossofculturalheritage,whetherthroughdestruction,neglect,ortheerosionoftraditions,canleadtoalossofidentityandafragmentationofsociety.Therefore,preservingculturalheritageisnotmerelyanactofhistoricalpreservationbutavitalcomponentofsocialcohesionandculturaldiversity.Thechallengeforsocietiestodayliesinfindingabalancebetweenpreservingtheiruniqueculturalheritageandparticipatingconstructivelyintheglobalcommunity.Ononehand,completeisolationcanleadtostagnationandtheinabilitytobenefitfromglobalknowledgeandadvancements.Ontheotherhand,excessiveassimilationcanresultinthedilutionorlossofdistinctculturalpractices.Successfulculturalpreservationofteninvolvesdynamicadaptation,wheretraditionsaremaintainedwhilealsoevolvingtoremainrelevanttocontemporarylife.Educationalsystemsplayacrucialroleinthisprocess.Byincorporatingtheteachingoflocalhistory,languages,andculturalpracticesintocurricula,schoolscaninstillasenseofprideandbelonginginyoungergenerations.Culturalinstitutions,suchasmuseums,libraries,andcommunitycenters,alsoserveasvitalcustodiansofheritage,providingspacesforpreservation,interpretation,andcelebration.Furthermore,fosteringinternationalcollaborationsandexchangescanpromotecross-culturalappreciationandunderstanding,highlightingthevalueofdiverseheritageworldwide.Inconclusion,navigatingthecomplexitiesofculturalheritageintheageofglobalizationrequiresaconsciousandproactiveapproach.Itnecessitatesrespectingandvaluingdiverseculturalexpressionswhilefosteringasenseofsharedglobalcitizenship.Byrecognizingtheimportanceofculturalheritageandactivelyengaginginitspreservationandpromotion,societiescanmaintaintheiruniqueidentitieswhilecontributingtoaricher,moreunderstandingglobalcommunity.Questions:16.Whatchallengeisposedbyglobalizationaccordingtothepassage?17.Whatroledoesthepassagesuggestculturalheritageplaysinacommunity?18.Accordingtothepassage,whatcanresultfromalossofculturalheritage?19.Whatdoesthepassagedescribeasapotentialoutcomeofexcessiveassimilationintoglobalculture?20.Thepassageimpliesthatfosteringinternationalcollaborationscontributesto:試卷答案1.D2.A3.B4.C5.D6.A7.C8.B9.A10.E11.B12.A13.D14.C15.D16.A17.B18.D19.C20.E解析1.定位到第一段第一句"Formany,thesedigitalspaceshavebecomeindispensabletoolsformaintainingconnections,accessingnews,andexpressingpersonalidentity."選項(xiàng)D"提供維持聯(lián)系、獲取新聞和個(gè)人表達(dá)的不可或缺的工具"與原文意思相符。2.定位到第二段"Constantlyviewingcurated,oftenidealizedportrayalsofothers'livescanleadtofeelingsofinadequacy..."選項(xiàng)A"經(jīng)過策劃的，精心制作的"是對(duì)"curated"的準(zhǔn)確理解，指代經(jīng)過人為選擇和修飾的內(nèi)容。3.定位到第三段"Theconstantstreamofnotifications,thealgorithmicallydesignedfeedaimedatmaximizingengagement,andtheeasyaccessibilityofcontentcreateaperfectstormforaddictivebehaviour.Userscanfindthemselvesspendinghoursscrolling,oftenlosingtrackoftime,whichcanleadtosleepdeprivation,reducedphysicalactivity,anddecreasedproductivity."選項(xiàng)B"導(dǎo)致睡眠不足、減少體育活動(dòng)和降低生產(chǎn)力"是對(duì)原文中“成癮行為導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果”的概括。4.定位到第四段"Cyberbullyingisanothercriticalconcernexacerbatedbytheprevalenceofsocialmedia.Anonymityanddistancecanemboldenindividualstoengageinharassmentandaggressionthatwouldbelesslikelyinface-to-faceinteractions."選項(xiàng)C"網(wǎng)絡(luò)欺凌的普遍性及其在匿名環(huán)境下更容易發(fā)生"解釋了為何將其列為擔(dān)憂。5.定位到最后一段"Encouragingcriticalconsumptionofonlinecontent,promotinghealthyonlinebehaviours,andfosteringopenconversationsabouttheimpactsofsocialmediaareessentialstepsinmitigatingitspotentialharms."選項(xiàng)D"鼓勵(lì)批判性地消費(fèi)在線內(nèi)容，促進(jìn)健康的在線行為，并促進(jìn)關(guān)于社交媒體影響的公開對(duì)話"是原文中提到的減輕負(fù)面影響的關(guān)鍵方面。6.定位到第一段"Biodiversity,thevarietyoflifeonEarthatallitslevelsfromgenetictoecosystem,isfundamentallyvitalforthehealthofourplanetandthewell-beingofallspecies,includinghumans.Itunderpinsthefunctioningofecosystemsthatprovideessentialservicessuchascleanairandwater,soilfertility,climateregulation,andpollination,whicharecrucialforsustaininglifeandsupportingagriculturalproductivity."選項(xiàng)A"為生態(tài)系統(tǒng)功能提供基礎(chǔ)，支持其正常運(yùn)作"概括了生物多樣性對(duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)運(yùn)作的必要基礎(chǔ)作用。7.定位到第二段"Theintricatewebofinteractionsamongdiversespeciescontributestotheresilienceandstabilityofecosystems,enablingthemtowithstandenvironmentalchangesanddisturbances."結(jié)合上下文，此處的"intricatewebofinteractions"指的是不同物種之間復(fù)雜而相互依存的聯(lián)系和相互作用。8.定位到第二段"Climatechange,drivenlargelybyhuman-generatedgreenhousegasemissions,iscausingshiftsintemperatureandprecipitationpatterns,alteringhabitatsanddisruptingthetimingofbiologicaleventslikefloweringandmigration,leadingtospeciesdeclineandecosystemimbalance."選項(xiàng)B"導(dǎo)致生物事件（如開花和遷徙）的時(shí)間發(fā)生改變"準(zhǔn)確描述了氣候變化對(duì)生物事件時(shí)間的影響。9.定位到第三段"Thedeclineinpollinatorpopulations,forinstance,threatensglobalfoodsecuritybyimpactingcropyields."選項(xiàng)A"通過影響作物產(chǎn)量威脅全球糧食安全"指出了生物多樣性減少（特別是傳粉者數(shù)量下降）對(duì)糧食安全的直接影響。10.定位到最后一段"Raisingpublicawareness,promotingbiodiversity-friendlypolicies,andintegratingconservationintoeducationandeconomicplanningareequallyvitalcomponentsofacomprehensivestrategytosafeguardEarth'spreciousbiologicalheritageforfuturegenerations."選項(xiàng)E"提高公眾意識(shí)，促進(jìn)有利于生物多樣性的政策，并將保護(hù)融入教育和經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)劃"是原文提到的綜合策略中不可或缺的組成部分。11.定位到第一段"Theriseofdigitaltechnologieshasundeniablytransformedhowwecommunicate,shareinformation,andconsumeentertainment....Thisshiftisnotmerelyachangeinlocationbutrepresentsafundamentalalterationinhow,when,andwhereworkisperformedandmanaged."選項(xiàng)B"工作方式和管理的根本改變，包括地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間和方式的轉(zhuǎn)變"描述了數(shù)字技術(shù)帶來的工作安排變化。12.定位到第一段"Thishasopenedupnewopportunitiesfortalentacquisition,allowingcompaniestohirethebestcandidatesfromanywhereintheworld."選項(xiàng)A"能夠從世界各地招聘最佳人才，從而獲得人才獲取的新機(jī)會(huì)"是原文意思的體現(xiàn)。13.定位到第二段"Whilethisoffersindividualsgreaterautonomyandpotentiallylucrativeearnings,itoftenlacksthesecurity,benefits,andlong-termcareerprogressionassociatedwithtraditionalemployment.Concernsaboutincomeinstability,lackofsocialsecurity,andthepotentialforexploitationwithinthegigeco