--PAGE10-2018年6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試真題答案與詳解（第2套）審題思路：

PartI Writing高分范文精彩點(diǎn)評(píng)TheImportanceofBuildingBetweenandStudents①Agoodrelationshipbetweenastudentandateachercanhaveamajorinfluenceonakid’sdevelopment,and②trustiscrucialandindispensableinmaintainingtherelationship.beginwith,onlywhenastudentbelievesinhisorherteacherisheorshewillingtolearnfromtheteacherorlooktotheteacherforguidanceandsupport.Inreality,toomanystudentsarewearyofstudyingandevendropoutofschooljustbecausetheydisliketheirteachers,whichmaychangetheirwholelife.④Secondly,ateacherwhohasthefulltrustinhisorherstudentsismoremotivatedtohelpthemimprovetheconsciousnessandinitiativeoflearning,whichinturnwillbenefitthestudentsmost.⑤However,thecredibilitybetweenteachersandstudentsisnotsomethingthatcanbebuiltinoneday.⑥Ontheonehand,teachersshouldcomprehendthestudents’actualdemandsandofferthemtimelyhelp.⑦Ontheotherhand,studentsshouldalwaysrespecttheirteachers.⑧Allinall,trustinateacher-studentrelationshipisamusttoachieveeffectiveteachingandlearning.①開(kāi)門見(jiàn)山，提出良好的師生關(guān)系的重要性。②③④分別使用Tobeginwith和Secondly具體闡釋師生間信任的重要性，層次分明。However進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)折，引出師生間建立信任的措施。OntheonehandOntheotherhand...說(shuō)明師生雙方都應(yīng)該為彼此間的信任做出努力。⑧總結(jié)全文，得出結(jié)論：師生間的信任是實(shí)現(xiàn)有效教學(xué)的必要條件。加分亮點(diǎn)indispensable不可缺少的looktosbfor...bewearyof...厭煩……motivated積極的，主動(dòng)的Consciousness意識(shí)Initiative主動(dòng)性全文翻譯：師生間建立信任的重要性良好的師生關(guān)系會(huì)對(duì)孩子的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生重大影響，而信任對(duì)維持這種關(guān)系至關(guān)重要且不可或缺。總而言之，師生間的信任是實(shí)現(xiàn)有效教學(xué)的必要條件。SectionA

PartII ListeningComprehensionConversationOneM:wehaveaspecialguestfromthelocalestablishment,theParisianCafé.Welcome!W：Hi,thanksforhaveamealonyourshow.M：Thankyouforjoiningus.（1）Sopleasetellus,whydodecidetoopenacafé?W：Well，wesawtheopportunitytooffersomethingalittlespecialanddifferentfromotherestablishments.Cafecertainlyareaverycompetitivemarketsector.(2)Therearemorethanplentyinourcity,andwefelttheyareallrathersimilartoeachother.Wouldn’tyouagree？M：Certainlyyes.Sohowisyourestablishmentanydifferent？W：Well,sincepeople,wehaverabbitswanderingfreelyontheplace.Ourcustomerscomeinandenjoytheirfoodanddrinkswhilelittlerabbitplayaboutandbrushagainsttheirlegs.Thereisnootherplacelikeit.M：That’samazing!Howdoyoucomeupwiththeidea?W：Wesawothercafeswithcatsinthem.Sowethought,whynotrabbit?Peoplelovetherabbits.Theyareverycuteanimals.M：Butitissafe?Dotherabbiteverbitepeople?Ordoanycustomereverhurttherabbits?perfectlysafeforbothrabbitsandourcustomers.Rabbitsareverypeacefulandcertainlydonotbite.(3)Furthermore,ourrabbitsareregularlycleanedandhaveallreceivedtherequiredshouts.Sothereisnohealthriskwhatsoever.(4)Asforourcustomers,theyareallanimallovers,sotheywouldnevertrytohurttherabbits.Sometimesayoungchildmaygetover-excited,andtheyarealittletoorough,butneveraseriousmatter.Onthecontrary,theParisianCaféoffersagreatexperienceforchildren,achanceforthemtolearnaboutrabbitsandhowtotakecareofthem.M：Wellit’scertainlythefirsttimeI’veheardofacafélikethat.Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.未聽(tīng)先知：cafécustomers等詞可以初步推測(cè)，對(duì)話內(nèi)容與咖啡有關(guān)；再結(jié)合animal、pets、breeds、rabbitshercafé等詞可以進(jìn)一步推測(cè)，對(duì)話中的女士擁有一個(gè)咖啡館，且其咖啡館與動(dòng)物有關(guān)。1:Whatdowelearnaboutthewoman?答案：DParisianD。2:Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthecafésinhercity?答案：AA。3Howdoestheitsno答案：A詳解：當(dāng)男士問(wèn)女士咖啡館里的兔子是否安全時(shí)，女士說(shuō)，首先，兔子是一種非常溫順的動(dòng)物，不會(huì)咬人，而且（免疫A。4:Whatdoesthewomansayabouttheircustomers?答案：C詳解：對(duì)話中女士提到，來(lái)咖啡館的客人都是動(dòng)物愛(ài)好者，絕不會(huì)傷害這些兔子。因此答案為C。ConversationTwoM：Hey,there.Howareyou?W：Oh,hi.I’mgreat!Thanks.Andyoulookgreat,too.M：Thankyou.It’sgoodtoseeyoushoppingintheorganicsection.Iseeyou’vegotalotofhealthystuff.(5-1)IwishIcouldbuymoreorganicproducefromhere,butIfindthatkidsdon’tlikeit.Idon’tknowaboutyours,butmineareallaboutjunkfood.W：Oh,trustme!Iknowexactlyhowyoufeel.(5-2)Mychildrenarethesame.Whatisitwithkidsthesedaysandallthatjunkfoodtheyeat?(6-1)Ithinkit’sallthatadvertisingonTV.That’swheretheygetit.mustbe.(6-2)MychildrenseesomethingonTVandtheyimmediatelywantit.liketheydon’trealizejustanadvertisement.Andpracticallyeverythingthat’sadvertisesforchildrenisunhealthyprocessedfood.Nosurprisethenitbecomesabattleforusparentstofeedourchildrenordinaryfruitandvegetables.M：That’sjustthething.OneneverseesordinaryingredientsbeingadvertisedonTV.It’sneveracarrotorapeach.It’salwayssomegarbage,likechocolate-coveredsweets.Sounhealthy.W：Exactly.(7-1)Andthesebigfoodcorporationshavesomuchmoneytospendonclevertacticdesigntomakeyoungchildrenwanttobuytheirproducts.Childrenneverstandthechance.It’sreallynotfair.M：(7-2)Youaresoright.(8)Whenwewerechildren，webarelyhadanyjunkfoodavailable,andweturnedoutjustfine.W：Yes.Myparentsdon’tunderstandanyofit.BothTVcommercialsandthesupermarketsarealientothem.Theirworldsweresodifferentbacktowhentheyareyoung.M：Idon’tknowwhatwillhappentothenextgeneration.W：Theworldisgoingcrazy.M：Youbet.Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.vitaminstaste、foodsingredientstoomanyadditives、garbage、TVcommercials、sweetfoodschildren等詞可以進(jìn)一步推測(cè)，對(duì)話內(nèi)容與兒童類食品有關(guān)，并且涉及垃圾食品和電視廣告之間的關(guān)系。5:Whatdothespeakerssayaboutthefoodtheirchildrenlike?答案：D詳解：當(dāng)男士看到女士買了很多健康食品時(shí)，他十分感慨，說(shuō)自己的孩子不喜歡這些健康食品，就喜歡吃垃圾食D。6:Accordingtothespeakers,whataffectschildren’schoiceoffoodmost?答案：B詳解：對(duì)話中女士說(shuō)，她認(rèn)為孩子們對(duì)食品的選擇都是受到了電視廣告的影響，男士也表示贊同，說(shuō)孩子們看到B。7:Whatdothebigare答案：CC。8:Whatdoweknowthe答案：B詳解：對(duì)話中男士說(shuō)，他們還是孩子的時(shí)候幾乎接觸不到垃圾食品，結(jié)果長(zhǎng)得也挺好。也就是說(shuō)，他們小時(shí)候很少吃垃圾食品，答案為B。SectionBPassageOneAtsome2,300milesinlength,theMississippiisthelongestriverintheUnitedStates.Atsome1,000miles,theMackenzieisthelongestriverinCanada.Butthesewaterwaysseemmuteincomparisontotheworld’stwolongestrivers——theNileandtheAmazon.TheNile,whichbeginsincentralAfricaandflowsover4,100milesnorthintotheMediterranean,hostedoneoftheworld’sgreatancientcivilizationsalongitsshores.Calmandpeacefulformostoftheyear,theNileusedtofloodannually,therebycreating,irrigatingandcaringnewtopsoiltothenearbyfarmlandonwhichancientEgyptdependedforalivelihood.Asameansoftransportation,therivercarriedvariousvesselsupanddownitslength.(9)AjourneythroughtheunobstructedpartofthiswaterwaytodaywouldpassbythesplendidoftheKings,wherethetombsofmanyoftheseancientmonarchshavestoodforover3,000years.(10)GreatcivilizationsandintensivesettlementsarehardlyassociatedwiththeAmazon,(11)yetthis4,000-mile-longSouthAmericanrivercarriesabout20percentoftheworld’sfreshwater—morethantheMississippi,Nile,andYangtzecombined.Otherstatisticsareequallyastonishing.TheAmazonissowideatsomepointsthatfromitscenterneithershorecanbeseen.Eachsecond,theAmazonpourssome55milliongallonsofwaterintotheAtlantic;there,atitsmouth,standsoneislandlargerthanSwitzerland.Mostimportantofall,theAmazonirrigatesthelargesttropicalrainforestonEarth.Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.未聽(tīng)先知：預(yù)覽三道題各選項(xiàng)，由選項(xiàng)中的floods、water、freshwater和banks等詞可以初步推測(cè)，短文與河流有Egyptian、ofancientrulers、tribes、civilizations、theMississippiRiver、theNilethe等詞可以進(jìn)一步推測(cè)，短文涉及世界幾大長(zhǎng)河，重點(diǎn)講述埃及的尼羅河及沿岸文明等方面的內(nèi)容。Whatcanbeintheofthe答案：C詳解：短文中提到，沿著如今暢通無(wú)阻的水路前行會(huì)經(jīng)過(guò)輝煌的帝王谷（ValleyoftheKings），這里有許多3,000多年前的古代帝王的陵墓。因此答案為C。Inwayisthebig答案：B詳解：短文中明確提到，亞馬遜河幾乎從未與偉大的文明和密集聚居地這樣的字眼關(guān)聯(lián)在一起。因此答案為B。11.WhatdoesthespeakersayabouttheAmazon?答案：A詳解：短文中提到，亞馬遜河擁有地球上20%左右的淡水。因此答案為A。PassageTwoHowoftendoyousaytopeople“I’mbusy”or“Ihaven’tgottimeforthat.”(12)It’sinevitabletruththatallofuslivealifeinthefarslain,eventhoughweknowthatbeingbusyisnotalwaysparticularlyhealthy.GrowingupinNewZealand，everythingwasalwayscalmandslow.Peopleenjoyedthetranquilityofaslowerpaceoflife.ButafterImovedtotheTokyoandlivedthereforanumberofyears,(13)Igotusedtohavingapilotto-dolists,andmycalendaralwayslookslikeamass,withlotsofthingstodowrittenacrossit.Ifoundmyselffeelingmytimerupwithendlessworkmeetingsandsocialevents,rushingalongasbusyasabee.Then,oneday,(14)IcameacrossabookcalledInPraiseofSlownessandrealizedthatbeingbusyisnotonlydetrimental,butalsohasthedangerofturninglifeintoanendlessrace.SoIstartedpracticingthevariouspracticalstepsmentionedbytheauthorofthebook,andbegantorevoltagainsttheveryideaofbeingtoobusy.(15)Itdoesn’tmeanthatto-dolistsnolongerexist,butI’vebecomemoreawareoftheimportantofslowingdownandmakingsurethatIenjoythedailyactivitiesasIcarrythemout.Fromnowon,whensomeoneaskedhowyourlifeis,tryyourrespondingwiththewordslike“excitingandfun”，insteadoftheculturenormthatsays“busy.”Seeifyourexperiencethetranquilitythatfollows.Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.12題各選項(xiàng)中的Livingalifeinthefastlanealwaysinarushsearchfortranquility、yearnforaslowandcalmlifeWhatdoestheisan答案：B詳解：短文開(kāi)頭提到，雖然我們知道忙碌不那么健康，但是我們過(guò)著快節(jié)奏的生活，這是一個(gè)無(wú)法逃避的事實(shí)。也就是說(shuō)，我們總是在忙于各種各樣的事情，答案為B。Whatdoesthesayherin答案：C詳解：短文中講話者提到，在東京生活了幾年以后，她已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了總是有一堆事情需要去做，她的日歷看上去總C。14.Whattheher答案：D詳解：短文中講話者提到，是一本名為InPraiseofSlowness的書讓她意識(shí)到忙碌的危害，因此她開(kāi)始按照作者在書中講到的實(shí)用性步驟改變生活方式。因此答案為D。Whattheher答案：B詳解：短文末尾講話者提到，改變生活方式并不是說(shuō)她的任務(wù)清單就不存在了，而是她意識(shí)到了慢生活的意義，在做每一件日常小事的時(shí)候，都能夠樂(lè)在其中。因此答案為B。SectionCRecordingOne(16)Governments,privategroups,andindividualsspendbillionsofdollarsayeartryingtorootoutnon-nativeorganismsthatareconsidereddangeroustoecosystems,andtopreventtheintroductionofnewintruders.Butanumberofscientistsquestiontheassumptionthatthepresenceofalienspeciescanneverbeacceptableinanaturalecosystem.Theysaythatportrayingintroducedspeciesasinherentlybadisanunscientificapproach.(17)“DistinctionsbetweenexoticandnativespeciesareMichaelRosenzweig,aprofessorofevolutionarybiologyattheUniversityofArizona,“becausetheydependonpeggingadateandcallingtheplansandanimalsthatshowupafterthedate‘exotic.’”Ecosystemsfreeofspeciesdefinedasexoticare,bydefault,considerthemostnatural.can’trollbacktheclockandremoveallexoticsorfixRosenzweigsaid，“Bothnativeandexoticspeciescanbecomeinvasive，andsotheyallhavetobemonitoredandcontrolledwhentheybegintogetoutofthehand.”Atitscore,thedebateisabouthowtomanagetheworld’sremainingnaturalecosystemsandaboutandhowmuch,torestoreotherhabitats.Speciesthatinvadeaterritorycanharmecosystems,agriculture,andhumanhealth.Theycanthreatensomenativespeciesorevendestroyandreplaceothers.Nexttohabitatloss,theseevasivespeciesrepresentsthegreatestthreattobiodiversityworldwide,manyecologistsEcologistsgenerallydefineanalienspeciesasonethatpeople,accidentallyordeliberately,carriedtoitsnewlocation.AcrosstheAmericancontinents,exoticspeciesarethoseintroducedafterthefirstEuropeancontact.Thatdate,roundedoffto1500AD,representswhatecologistconsideredtohavebeenamajorshiftinthespreadofspecies,includingcropsandlivestock,astheybegantomigratewithhumansfromcontinenttocontinent.(18)“Onlyasmallpercentageofalienspeciescauseproblemsintheirnewhabitats,”saidDonSmith,professorofecologyandevolutionarybiologyattheUniversityofTennessee.“Ofthe7,000alienspeciesintheUnitedStates—outofatotalof150,000species—onlyabout10percentareinvasive,”hepointedout.Theother90percenthavefitintotheirenvironmentsandareconsiderednaturalized.Yetappearancescandeceive,ecologistscaution,andmanyoftheseexoticsmaybeconsideredacceptableonlybecausenoonehasdocumentedtheirharmfulaffects.Whatismore,non-nativespeciescanappearharmlessfordecades,thenturninvasive.(19)Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.未聽(tīng)先知：species、biodiversityecosystem等詞可以初步推測(cè)，講座內(nèi)容與物種和生態(tài)環(huán)nativespeciescontributetoaregion’sbiodiversitylocalecosystemnewhabitats等詞可以進(jìn)一步推測(cè)，講座涉及外來(lái)物種對(duì)本地生態(tài)環(huán)境的影響方面的內(nèi)容。Whatisbyaof答案：C詳解：講座開(kāi)頭提到，政府、私人團(tuán)體以及很多個(gè)人都花費(fèi)了大量的金錢來(lái)清除那些被認(rèn)為會(huì)危害當(dāng)?shù)厣鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)C。doesofand答案：D詳解：講座中提到，Dr.MichaelRosenzweig說(shuō)，外來(lái)物種和本地物種的區(qū)分是人為的。因此答案為D。18.WhatdoesProfessorDonSmithsayaboutalienspecies?答案：A詳解：講座中提到，DonSmith教授說(shuō)，只有很少一部分外來(lái)物種會(huì)給新的生活環(huán)境帶來(lái)問(wèn)題。因此答案為A。RecordingTwoGoodmorning，ladiesandgentlemen!Andwelcometothethirdinourcitiesofbusinessseminarsintheprogram—DoingBusinessAbroad.wearegoingtolookatinterculturalawareness,thatis,thefactthatnoteveryoneisBritish,.noteveryonespeaksinEnglish,andnoteveryonedoesbusinessintheBritishAndwhyshouldthey?(19)Ifoverseasbusinesspeoplearesellingtous,thentheywillmakeeveryefforttospeakEnglishandtoexpectourtraditionandmethods.Itisonlypoliteforustodothesamewhenwevisitthem.Itisnotonlypolite.ItisessentialifwewanttosellBritishprojectsoverseas.First,ashortquiz.Let’sseehowincultivateawareyouare.Question1:Wheremustyounotdrinkalcoholonthefirstandsecondofeverymonth?Question2:Whereshouldyouneveradmireyourhost’spositions？Question3:HowshouldyouattractthewaiterduringabusinesslunchinBanquet?AndQuestion4:Whereshouldyoutrytomakeallyourappointmentseitherbefore2:00orafter5:30p.m.？OK.Everyonehadachancetomakesomenotes?Right.Herearetheanswers—althoughIamsurethattheinformationcouldequallywellapplytocountriesotherthanthoseIhavechosen.SoNo.1,(20)youmustnotdrinkalcoholonthefirstandseventhofthemonthinIndian.Ininternationalhotelsyoumayfinditserved,butifyouarehavingamealwithanIndiancolleague,remembertoavoidaskingforabeerifyourarrvalconcdeswhoneofhosedaes.2.InArabcounreshepoenessandenerosyofhepeoeswhoutparae.Ifyouadmireyourcolleague’sbeautifulgoldenbowls,youmaywellfindyourselfbeingpresentwiththemasapresent.Thisisnotacheapwaytodoyourshopping，however,asyourhostwill,quitecorrectly,expectyoutorespondbypresentinghimwithagiftofequalworthandbeauty.InThailand,clickingthefingers,clappingyourhands,orjustshouting“Waiter!”willembarrassyourwaiterhimselfand,mostofall,you!Placeyoupalmdownwardandmakeaninconspicuouswavinggesture,whichwillproduceinstantandsacrificingresults，(21)Andfinally，inSpain,somebusinessesmaintainthepatternofworkinguntilabout2o’clockandthenreturningtotheofficefrom5:30to8:00,9:00or10:00intheevening.Questions19to21arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.19Respecttraditionalculturebusiness19.Whatshouldyoudowhendoingbusinesswithforeigners?答案：A詳解：講座中提到，如果外國(guó)商人來(lái)英國(guó)做生意，他們會(huì)盡力說(shuō)英語(yǔ)并且尊重英國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)及做事的方式，如果英A。20.Whatyour答案：C詳解：講座中提到，在印度，每個(gè)月的第一天和第七天你都不能喝酒，在國(guó)際飯店你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們供應(yīng)酒水，但如果你是在這兩個(gè)日子里和印度同事一起吃飯，記得不要點(diǎn)啤酒。因此答案為C。dowebusiness答案：D詳解：講座末尾提到了西班牙人的工作模式：他們通常會(huì)在下午兩點(diǎn)下班，然后到晚上五點(diǎn)半再上班，上到晚上八點(diǎn)、九點(diǎn)或者十點(diǎn)。也就是說(shuō)，下午兩點(diǎn)至五點(diǎn)半期間是西班牙人的休息時(shí)間，因此答案為D。RecordingThree(22)ShortlyafterhetookovertheReader’sDigestAssociationin1984,GeorgeGruneunlockedthecompany’sboardroomandannouncedthattheroomwasnowopentotheemployees.Itwasasymbolicact,indicatingthatunderGrune’sleadershipReader’sDigestwasgoingtobedifferent.Truetohisword，Grunehasshakenuptheculturehere.getanideaoftheculturewe’retalkingabout,considertheboardroomGruneopenedup.Ithasartworksthatanymuseumintheworldwouldwanttocollect,paintingsbymanyworld-famousartistslikeMonetandPicasso.Itsheadquartershousessome3,000worksofart.ThemainbuildingistoppedwithaGeorgianwithfoursculpturesofthemythicalwingedhorse,themagazine’scorporatelogo.Itsitson127acresofwell-trimmedlawns.Theeditor’sofficeusedtobeoccupiedbyfounderDewittwho,alongwithhiswife,LilaAchesonlaunchedReader’sDigestin1922withcondensedarticlesfromotherpublications.Ithasbecometheworld’smostwidelyreadmagazine,selling28millioncopieseachmonthin17languagesand41differenteditions.(23)TheWallaces,bothchildrenofchurchministers,hadaclearlydefinedformulafortheir“l(fā)ittlemagazine”asReader’sDigestwasoriginallysubtitled.Articlesweretobeshort,readableanduplifting.Subjectswerepickedtoinspireorentertain.Thedidn’tacceptadvertisingintheUSeditionuntil1955andeventhentheydidn’tallowanyadsforcigarettes,liquorordrugs.(24)Thealsohadaclearsenseofthekindofworkplacetheywanted.Itstartedasamama-and-popoperation,andthechildlessalwaysconsideredemployeestobepartoftheirfamily.Employeesstilltellstoriesofhowthewouldtakecareoftheiremployeeswhohadmetwithmisfortunesandtheyshoweredtheiremployeeswithunusualbenefits,likeaturkeyatThanksgivingandFridaysoffinThiscozyworkplacenolongerexistshere.Thebothdiedintheirninetiesintheearly1981s.GeorgeGrune,aformeradsalesmanwhojoinedReader’sDigestin1960hashiseyesfocusedonthebottomline.Inafewshortyears,heturnedthemagazineonitshead.(25)Helaidoffseveralhundredworkers.Especiallyhardhitwheretheblue-andpink-collardepartments,suchassubscriptionfulfillment.Questions23to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.未聽(tīng)先知：Reader’sDigest、articles、magazinesubscriptions等詞可以初步推測(cè)，講座內(nèi)company’scultureprofitableemployees等詞可以進(jìn)一步推測(cè)，講座可能涉及《讀者文摘》這一雜志的企業(yè)文化、盈利狀態(tài)和員工情況等方面內(nèi)容。diddoin答案：A詳解：講座開(kāi)頭提到，1984年，GeorgeGrune接手了讀者文摘集團(tuán)，他向全體員工開(kāi)放了董事會(huì)房間。正如Grune。Howdidthethefor答案：BB。dowetheof答案：D。inthe答案：C。PartⅢ ReadingComprehensionSectionA全文翻譯：是薩拉約瑟夫據(jù)稱寫了這首兒歌的女子是美國(guó)最迷人的人物1830524（28）假定的作者的生平。（29）狂熱的（30）癡迷于建立起一個(gè)理想中的新英格圍內(nèi)的（31）運(yùn)動(dòng)，致力于推行一個(gè)全國(guó)性的節(jié)日，宣稱在慶祝這個(gè)（32）傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日時(shí)，會(huì)帶來(lái)家人團(tuán)聚。186317年以后，期間她曾給五位總統(tǒng)寫信，赫爾終于得償所愿。亞伯拉罕·林肯總統(tǒng)在內(nèi)戰(zhàn)期間頒布了一項(xiàng)（33）公告，將這個(gè)節(jié)日時(shí)間定在十一月最后一個(gè)星期四。（34）啟發(fā)1816年一頭小羊羔跟著小馬麗·索伊爾去上學(xué)時(shí)，它似乎惹了不少麻煩。一個(gè)名叫約翰·羅爾斯登的旁觀者就此事寫了首詩(shī)，1916年赫爾的侄孫女的一篇文章可信的話，赫爾（35）余生都宣稱“一些人謊稱是別人寫了這首詩(shī)”。選項(xiàng)歸類名 詞：A).；B).；C).；D).；I).proclamation公告，聲明；L).rest剩余部分，休息動(dòng)詞：F).inspired鼓舞，啟發(fā)，使產(chǎn)生靈感；H).obsessed使著迷；J).rectified矯正，改正；M).N).O).詳解詳析：答案：K詳解：空格位于名詞woman之后、介詞for之前。從語(yǔ)法角度進(jìn)行分析，woman是以that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)，該主語(yǔ)從句主謂俱全，空格所在的位置為后置定語(yǔ)部分，因此空格處很可能填入形容詞或動(dòng)詞的分詞形式。上文中提到，究竟誰(shuí)是這首兒歌的作者仍然存在爭(zhēng)議，因此此處thewoman forwritingit應(yīng)表示“據(jù)稱寫了這首兒歌的女子”，故答案為K).。在備選項(xiàng)中，M).的僅用于名詞前，故排除。答案：C).fascinating的最高級(jí)形式之后，因此應(yīng)填入可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。此處意為“據(jù)稱寫了C).C)D)故排除D)答案：M).theauthorM).。答案：Easocialadvocate“社會(huì)運(yùn)動(dòng)倡導(dǎo)者”之前，因此應(yīng)填入一個(gè)形容詞。E)。答案：Hwaswithbe...with結(jié)構(gòu)。前文提到赫爾不僅是個(gè)作家，她還是個(gè)固定搭配，表H).。答案：A).anationwidebeganA).答案：N).thefestivals“節(jié)日”之前，因此空格處應(yīng)填入一個(gè)形容詞。此處意為“慶祝N).答案：I).詳解：空格位于不定冠詞a之后，應(yīng)填入一個(gè)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式。根據(jù)句意可知，亞伯拉罕·林肯在內(nèi)戰(zhàn)期間頒布了一項(xiàng)公告，將這個(gè)節(jié)日時(shí)間定在十一月最后一個(gè)星期四。因此答案為I).proclamation公告，聲明。答案：Fwasby答案：L詳解：空格位于定冠詞the之后、介詞of之前，因此應(yīng)填入一個(gè)名詞。此處意為“赫爾余生都宣稱‘一些人謊稱是別人寫了這首詩(shī)’”，故答案為L(zhǎng)).rest剩余部分，休息。SectionB全文翻譯：無(wú)水種植植物自從人類開(kāi)始種植自己的食物以來(lái)，我們就面臨著無(wú)法預(yù)測(cè)的友敵：降雨。它的來(lái)去沒(méi)有太多預(yù)警，一大（38）在那里，96%的農(nóng)田依賴于降雨，而不是較發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)常見(jiàn)的灌溉。其后果是：南非持續(xù)的干旱——三十年來(lái)最嚴(yán)重的一次——今年今年將導(dǎo)致至少四分之一的玉米作物受損。南非開(kāi)普頓大學(xué)的生物學(xué)家吉爾（43）（36）法蘭特稱它們?yōu)閺?fù)蘇植物。在烈日下沒(méi)有水的月份里，它們會(huì)枯萎、萎縮至縮小，直至看起來(lái)像一堆灰色（45）她間歇性的拍攝的這些復(fù)蘇視頻看起來(lái)就像是有人正在倒帶播放植物的死亡。許多不同種類的植物已形成耐受干旱期策略。有些植物儲(chǔ)存水分來(lái)使它們度過(guò)干旱；另一些則把根深深地扎入地下水源。（40-2）但是，一旦這些植物0.1（44-1）當(dāng)它們察覺(jué)到延長(zhǎng)的干旱期時(shí)，它們會(huì)改變新陳代謝，在它們的組織中產(chǎn)生糖、某些應(yīng)激相關(guān)蛋白以及其他物質(zhì)。還有什么東西能做到這種干枯又復(fù)蘇的把戲呢？種子——幾乎所有的種子。在職業(yè)生涯之初，法蘭特研究（（42）芽。然而，一旦開(kāi)始生長(zhǎng)，這些植物似乎就不再具有暫停其莖葉新陳代謝的能力。I)（41）她表示自己意識(shí)到很多人農(nóng)民和消費(fèi)者都可以選擇是否使用任何一種盛行的版本：“我正在給人們一個(gè)選擇?！笔紫壤斫饣A(chǔ)科學(xué)是關(guān)鍵。已有充分的理由可以說(shuō)明農(nóng)作物為什么不使用干旱防御。例如，從常規(guī)的新陳（39）“我的愿景是幫助維持生計(jì)的農(nóng)民，”法蘭特說(shuō)道?！拔业哪繕?biāo)是具有非洲價(jià)值的農(nóng)作物?！痹斀庠斘觯篍xtremeconditionsproduceextremelytoughplants.IntherustyreddesertsofSouthAfrica,steep-sidedrockyhillscalledinselbergsrearupfromtheplainslikethebonesoftheearth.Thehillsareremnantsofanearliergeologicalera,scrapedbareofmostsoilandexposedtotheelements.ontheseandsimilarformationsindesertsaroundtheworld,afewfierceplantshaveadaptedtoendureunderever-changingconditions.36.Thereareacoupleofplantstoughandadaptableenoughtosurviveonbarerockyhillsandindeserts.toughandadaptablebarerockyhillsdeserts定位到原文畫線處。AftercompletingherPh.D.onseeds,Farrantbeganinvestigatingwhetheritmightbepossibletoisolatethepropertiesthatmakemostseedssoresilient(迅速恢復(fù)活力的)andtransferthemtootherplanttissues.WhatFarrantandothershavefoundoverthepasttwodecadesisthatthereAftercompletingherPh.D.onseeds,Farrantbeganinvestigatingwhetheritmightbepossibletoisolatethepropertiesthatmakemostseedssoresilient(迅速恢復(fù)活力的)andtransferthemtootherplanttissues.WhatFarrantandothershavefoundoverthepasttwodecadesisthattherearemanygenesinvolvedinresurrectionplants'responsetodryness.Manyofthemarethesamethatregulatehowseedsbecomedryness-tolerantwhilestillattachedtotheirparentplants.Nowtheyaretryingtofigureoutwhatmolecularsignalingprocessesactivatethoseseed-buildinggenesinresurrectionplants—andhowtoreproducethemincrops."Mostgenesareregulatedbyamastersetofgenes,"Farrantsays."We'relookingatgenepromotersandwhatwouldbetheirmasterswitch."37.Farrantistryingtoisolategenesinresurrectionplantsandreproducethemincrops.譯文：法蘭特試圖分離復(fù)蘇植物中的基因，并將起復(fù)制到農(nóng)作物上。Farrant、isolategenes和reproducethemincrops定位到原文畫線處。soaeenes對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的soaehepropresreprodcehemncrops對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的ransferhemtootherplanttissuesH。oneyearcandryupandblowawaythenext.Foodsecurityandfortunesdependonsufficientrain,andnowheremoresothaninAfrica,where96%offarmlanddependsonraininsteadoftheirrigationcommoninmoredevelopedplaces.Ithasconsequences:SouthAfrica'songoingdrought—theworstinthreedecades—willcostatleastaquarterof itscomcropthisyear.greens(茂盛的)leafylushoneyearcandryupandblowawaythenext.Foodsecurityandfortunesdependonsufficientrain,andnowheremoresothaninAfrica,where96%offarmlanddependsonraininsteadoftheirrigationcommoninmoredevelopedplaces.Ithasconsequences:SouthAfrica'songoingdrought—theworstinthreedecades—willcostatleastaquarterof itscomcropthisyear.greens(茂盛的)leafylushoffriendandenemy.Itcomesandgoesbothfieldunpredictablerainthatiswithoutmuchwarning,andaEversincehumanitybegantofarmour ownfood,we've facedthe38.FarmersinSouthAfricaaremoreatthemercyofnature,especiallyinconsistentrainfall.譯文：南非的農(nóng)民更容易受到大自然的影響，尤其是變化無(wú)常的降雨。定位：由題干關(guān)鍵詞SouthAfrica、moreatthemercyofnature和inconsistentrainfall定位到原文畫線處。[K]. Understandingthebasicsciencefirstis Therearegoodreasonswhycropplantsdonotuse drynessdefensesalready.Forinstance,there'sahighenergycostin39.ResurrectioncropsaremostlikelytobethechoiceofWhatelsecandothisdry-out-and-revivetrick?Seeds-almostallofthem.Atthestartofhercareer,Farrantstudied.recalcitrantseeds(Whatelsecandothisdry-out-and-revivetrick?Seeds-almostallofthem.Atthestartofhercareer,Farrantstudied.recalcitrantseeds(執(zhí)拗性種子),"suchasavocados,coffeeandlychee.Whiletasty,suchseedsaredelicate--theycannotbudandgrowiftheydryout(asyoumayknowifyou'veevertriedtogrowatreefromanavocadopit).Intheseedworld,thatmakesthemrare,becausemostseedsfromfloweringplantsarequiterobust.Mostseedscanwaitoutthedry,unwelcomingseasonsuntilconditionsarerightandtheysprout(發(fā)芽).oncetheystartgrowing,suchplantsseemnottoretaintheabilitytohitthepausebuttononmetabolismintheirstemsorleaves.42.Mostseedscanpullthroughdryspellsandbegingrowingwhenconditionsareripe,butoncethisprocessstarts,itcannotbeheldback.譯文：大多數(shù)種子可以熬過(guò)干旱期，并在條件成熟時(shí)開(kāi)始生長(zhǎng)，但該過(guò)程一旦開(kāi)始，就無(wú)法被阻止。定位：由題干關(guān)鍵詞Mostseeds、pullthroughdryspells、conditionsareripe和heldback定位到原文畫線處。[I].OnceFarrantandhercolleaguesfeeltheyhaveabettersenseofwhichswitchestothrow,theywillhavetofindthebestwaytodosoinusefulcrops."I'mtryingthreemethodsofbreeding,"Farrantsays:conventional,geneticmodificationaridgeneediting.Shesayssheisawarethatplentyofpeopledonotwanttoeatgeneticallymodifiedcrops,butsheispushingaheadwitheveryavailabletooluntiloneworks.Farmersandconsumersalikecanchoosewhetherornottousewhicheverversionprevails:"I'mgivingpeopleanoption."41.Despiteconsumerresistance,researchersarepushingaheadwithgeneticmodificationofcrops.譯文：盡管受到消費(fèi)者的抵制，研究人員仍在推進(jìn)轉(zhuǎn)基因農(nóng)作物。定位：由題干關(guān)鍵詞pushingaheadwith和geneticmodificationofcrops定位到原文畫線處。switchingfromaregularmetabolismtoanalmost-no-watermetabolism.Itwillalsobenecessarytounderstandwhatsortofyieldfarmersmightexpectandtoestablishtheplant'ssafety."Theyieldisnevergoingtobehigh,"Farrantsays,sotheseplantswillbetargetednotatIowafarmerstryingtosqueezemorecashoutofhigh-yieldfields,butsubsistencefarmerswhoneedhelptosurviveadroughtlikethepresentoneinSouthAfrica."Myvisionisforthesubsistencefarmer,"Farrantsays."I'mtargetingcropsthatareofAfricanvalue.".subsistencefarmers.譯文：復(fù)蘇農(nóng)作物最有可能為維持生計(jì)的農(nóng)民的選擇。定位：由題干關(guān)鍵Resurrection crops subsistencefarmers定位原文畫線處。[E].Thebigdifferencebetween"drought-tolerant"plantsandthesetoughplants:metabolism.Manydifferentkindsofplantshavedevelopedtacticstoweatherdryspells.Someplantsstorereservesofwatertoseethemthroughadrought;otherssendrootsdeepdowntosubsurfacewatersupplies.Butoncetheseplantsuseuptheirstoredreserveortapouttheundergroundsupply,theyceasegrowingandstarttodie.Theymaybeabletohandleadroughtofsomelength,andmanypeopleusetheterm"droughttolerant"todescribesuchplants,buttheyneveractuallystopneedingtoconsumewater,soFarrantpreferstocallthemdroughtresistant.40.Eventhoughmanyplantshavedevelopedvarioustacticstocopewithdryweather,theycannot [E].Thebigdifferencebetween"drought-tolerant"plantsandthesetoughplants:metabolism.Manydifferentkindsofplantshavedevelopedtacticstoweatherdryspells.Someplantsstorereservesofwatertosee