2018年6月大學英語四級考試真題答案與詳解（第2套）審題思路：

PartI Writing范文點評：高分范文精彩點評TheImportanceofWritingAbilityandHowtoDevelopIt①Asthemostproductiveandcommunicativewaytoexpressourselves,writingisattachedgreatimportanceto.②Whetherwewanttoimproveourwritingskillsascreativewriterorsimplyperfectourskillsforschoolwork,wecantakesomestepstolearnhowtobeabetterwriter.③Firstly,inordertomakeourwritingcreativeandimaginativeenough,brainstormingisoneofthekeyelementstobuildupauniquetopic.Don'thesitatetotakedownalltheideasthatcomeintoourmind.④Secondly,thegooddevelopmentofourwritingisbasedonaclearstructureorparagraphorganization.Evenasimpleoutlinehelpsusseethebigpictureandsaveushoursofrewriting.⑤Finally,avaruetyofvocabularyorgrammarusedinwritingishighlyrecommendedforthereasonthatoneofthemostcommonmanifestationsofbadwritingistheoveruseorreuseofsimplelanguage.⑥Tosumup,becomingagreatwritertakesknowledgeandpractice,butwithenoughhardworkandscientifictechniques,wewillamazenotonlyourselvesbutalsoanybodyelse.①開門見山，指出寫作的重要性：寫作是表達自我最有成效和最具溝通性的方式。②用Whether…or…指出不管寫作目的如何，都需要采取措施提高寫作能力。③④⑤分別用Firstly、Secpmdly、Finally具體列舉提高寫作能力的方法。sumup加分亮點productive富有成效的communicative表達能力的imaginative富有想象力的outline綱要，梗概avarietyof各種各樣的technique方法全文翻譯：寫作技能的重要性以及如何提高寫作能力PartII ListeningComprehensionSectionANewsReportOneKellySwisher,anArkansaswoman,escapedinjuryandmanagedtosafelystophercaraftera4-foot-longratsnakecameoutfromunderhercarseatandslidacrossherfeetasshewasdrivingdownthehighway.Ratsnakesaren’tpoisonousorathreattopeoplegenerally.(1)ButthewomansaysthesnakesheencounteredThursdayterrifiedheroutofherwits.(2)“Itwasrough,withbigscales，”saidSwisher,whowasonherwaytopickupherfriendattheairportwhenithappened.“Idon’tknowwhetherIhadmyhandsonthesteeringwheelornot.Iamnotthemostflexiblepersonintheworld,butIcanguaranteemykneeswereupnexttomyears.”Shesaidthesnakefirstslidbackundertheseat,andshehopeditwouldstaythereuntilshewasabletogetoffthehighwayandstop.“Thatdidn’tworkout,”shesaid.“Herehecomes,andhewoundupinmybackseatbeforeIcouldfinallygetofftheroad,stopandgetoutoftheShecalledforhelp.AndWashingtonCountyanimalcontrolofficerscameandcapturedthesnake.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.12題crawledwoundupwaskilledscalesthewomansteeringwheelHowdidKellySwisherfeelwhenshefirstcameacrosstheratsnake?答案：B詳解：新聞中女士提到，她在周四遇到的那條蛇把她嚇得魂不附體。因此答案為B。Whatdoesthereportsayaboutthesnake？答案：D詳解：新聞中提到了Swisher對食鼠蛇的描述：它身上粗糙，鱗片很大。因此答案為D。NewsReportTwo(3)Fastfood,itturnsout,isn’tquiteasfastasitusedtobe.AnewstudyfindsthatMacDonald’sposteditsslowestdrives-throughtimessincethissurveywasfirstconductedfifteenyearsago.AsMacDonald’s,customerswillspendonaveragethreeminutesandninesecondsfromthetimetheyplacedtheirordersuntiltheyreceivedtheirfood.That’sabouttensecondsmorethantheindustryaverage--andalotslowerthanadecadeago,accordingtothestudy,whichwascommissionedbyQSR,anindustrytradepublication.AndMacDonald’swasn’taloneinslowingdown:Otherchainsalsosawtheirdrive-throughperformanceslowdown.(4)Amongthereasonsfortheslowerservice,todaytherearemorechoicesonthemenu,andtheproductsthemselvesaremorecomplexandtakelongertoprepare.Speed,ofcourse,isessentialtothedrive-throughexperience.Anddrive-throughsarehugelyimportanttochains,suchasMacDonald’s,BurgerKingandBell.“Usuallythedrive-throughaccountsforsixtytoseventypercentofallbusinessthatgoesthroughafast-foodrestaurant,”notesSamOchers,editorofQSR.Ofcourse,consumersalsowanttheirorderspreparedcorrectlyandonthatscore,Ocherssays,“accuracyisstillreallyhigh.”Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.fast-food3題各選項均為4題各選項語義可推測，此題考查出現(xiàn)某個問題的原因。Whatisthenewsreportmainlyabout？答案：A詳解。新聞開頭就提到，事實證明快餐沒有以前那么快了，接下來就講到了得出這一結論的依據——針對快餐業(yè)的一項新研究。因此答案為A。WhathassloweddownMacDonald’sdrive-throughservice？答案：C詳解：新聞中提到，服務速度變慢的原因是如今菜單上的選擇多了，而且商品本身更復雜，需要更多的時間去準備。因此答案為C。NewsReportThree(5)ThefirstprivatemissionoutsideofEarth’sorbitisclosedtomanyofourthink.U.S.governmentofficialsaresettoapproveamissionbyprivately-heldspacecompanyMoonExpresstotraveloutsideofEarth’sorbitinlate2017.(6)MoonExpress’smissioninvolvesplanstolandasuitcase-sizedpackageofscientificequipmentonthemoonforongoingexplorationandcommercialdevelopment.Thedecisioninvolvedmonthsoflobbyingandcoordinatedconversationsbetweenanumberoffactualagencies.Underinternationaltreaties,theU.S.isresponsibleforthecargoofbothpublicandprivatespacecraft.Thismakescommercialspacetravelacomplexlegalissuenotjustdomestically,butabroad.(7)AMoonExpressrepresentativedeclinedtocommentonthestorybutnotedthatthecompanyisveryoptimisticaboutitsproposal.MoonExpressisnottheonlycompanyseekingfortherightstotraveltoouterspace.ElonMusk’sspaceXaimstosendanunmannedaircrafttoMarsby2018.Questions5and7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.未聽先知：spacetravel、spaceexploration、outerspacespacecraft等詞可推測，新聞內容56題各選項均為一般現(xiàn)在DeliveranewmissionspaceprogramsLaunch7題各選項均為主系表結構，結合語義可推測，此題考查對某事物的評價。Whatisthenewsreportmainlyabout？答案：C詳解：新聞開頭提到，第一個私人外太空任務越來越近了，比我們想象中要快。美國政府官員將會批準一個私人控股航天公司MoonExpress的一項任務：2017年底穿越外太空。因此答案為C。WhatisMoonExpressplanningtodo？答案：A詳解：新聞中提到，MoonExpress的任務包括在月球上放一個行李箱大小的包裹，里面是科技設備，以方便正在進行中的探測和商業(yè)方面的發(fā)展。因此答案為A。WhatdoesMoonExpressthinkofitsmission？答案：BExpressB。SectionBConversationOneM:Hey,Sophia,howareyoudoing？W:Hi,Bob.I’mgood,thanks.Actually,I’monholidaywithmyfamilyinThailandatthemoment,althoughIwishitwerewithmyfriendsinstead.M:Really?YouneversaidyouaregoingtoThailand.HowIenvyyou!I’veonlybeeninhereaweek.Butyouknow,Thailandisanamazingplace.I’mhavingagreattimehere.(8)Infact,IamnowlyingonthebeachinPhuket.I’vebeeninthesunforaroundfifteenminutesonlyandI’malreadygettingsunburnt.Haveyoubeenherebefore?M:No,IwishIhad.WhatelsehaveyoubeendoinginThailandbesidesenjoyingthesun?W:（9）Well,ImetaguyfromGermanyyesterday.Heshowedmearoundtheorphanageheworksat.Then,ImetmanyvolunteerteacherswhoaremainlyyoungpeoplefromEurope.M:Ah,that’sinteresting.W:Yes.Ialsomadeanewlittlefriend,Sarah.Shewassocute.Iwassosadthatweweretoleaveattheendoftheday.IfIevercomebacktoThailand,I’ddefinitelyvisitthisplaceagainasavolunteer.M:(10)Well,youcantellmeallaboutitwhenyougetback.Myphonebatteryisalmostdeadnow.(11)Remembertogetmesomethingfromthesouvenirshops.Iliketocollectbitsandpiecesfromdifferentpartsoftheworld.Byenow.EnjoyyourselfSophia.W:Bye.Questions8and11arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.未聽先知：Visiting、Thailand、PhuketThai等詞可初步推測，對話內容涉898題各選項均為現(xiàn)在分詞Aher9She，因此考1011題各選項均與男士有關，聽音時留意與男士相關的細節(jié)描述。Whatdoesthewomansaysheisdoingnow？答案：D15D。Whatdidthewomandoyesterday？答案：A詳解：對話中女士提到，她昨天遇到了一個來自德國的男子，而且這名男子帶她參觀了他所工作的孤兒院。因此答案為A。Whydoesthemanhavetoendtheconversation？答案：D詳解：對話中，男士對女士說等她從泰國回來再告訴他旅游的情況，他的手機電池馬上就沒電了。因此答案為D。WhydoesthemanaskthewomantobringhimsomethingfromThailand？答案：C詳解：對話最后，男士叮囑女士記得給他在紀念品商店里帶點東西回來，并且提到他喜歡收集來自世界各地的小物件。因此答案為C。ConversationTwo(12-1)Hi,David.There’sanewgymopeningintowntoday.youliketogowithmethisafternoon?M:(12-2)Yes,morethangladto.Ihaven’tbeentoagymforages.Ineedtodosomeexercisetotoneup.W:Thenthisisagoodchance.(13)TheysentmeaninvitationwithanotesayingIcouldtakeafriendforfreeonthefirstday.Also,ifwebothsignupbeforeFriday,wecangetadiscountonasix-monthmembership.M:Great.Countmein.Ireallywanttolosesomeofthesebellyfatandturnitintomuscle.ButI’mnotsurewhichofthegymequipmentwithbesthelp.Iknowexpertofthat,butIthinkyoucantryliftingweightsanddoatleast200sit-upstwiceaM:(14)I’venevertriedweight-liftingbefore.Isitdangerous?W:(15)No,notatall,ifyouknowsomeofthebasics.Don’tworry,I’llshowyoutherules.Iusedtopracticethisatanothergymbeforemymembershipended.I’llbeyourpersonaltrainer.M:Thankyou.Whatotherequipmentdotheyhave?W:Well,likeallgyms,theyhaveallsortsofthingstohelpbuildupmusclesindifferentpartsofthebody,likeappliedbicycles,cheststretchingmachines,andrunningmachines.Youcoulduseanyofthesetosuityourpurpose.Nowthegymopensatnoon.Socanwemeetupintownat1:30p.m.?M:Perfect.Seeyouthere,coach.Questions12and15arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.未聽先知：fitnessequipmentnewgym可知，對話內容與健身設備和新開業(yè)的12Bpersonaltrainers，為復數(shù)形式，因此可能考查涉1314C15題She，因此考查女士的情況，聽音時留意對話最后與女士相關的信息。Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?答案：D詳解：對話開頭，女士提到今天鎮(zhèn)上有一家新的健身房開業(yè)，并且邀請男士下午一起去看一下，男士欣然接受了邀請，對話由此展開。因此答案為D。Whatdoesthegymofferatitsopening?答案：C詳解：對話中女士提到，健身房給的邀請函中寫著開業(yè)第一天女士可以免費帶一位朋友，而且如果女士和朋友都在周五前報名的話，辦理半年期會員會有折扣。因此答案為C。Whatisthemanconcernedabout?答案：A詳解：對話中，男士提到他以前從來沒有嘗試過舉重，并問女士舉重是否危險。由此可知，男士擔心的是舉重的安全問題，答案為A。Whatdowelearnaboutthewomanfromtheconversation?答案：C詳解：對話中，女士對男士說如果知道一些基本知識，那么舉重一點都不危險。女士讓男士不要擔心，她會交給他一些竅門（theropes），并且告訴男士她過去常常在另一家健身房練習舉重。由此可知，女士知道舉重的基本知識，答案為C。SectionCPassageOne(16)Intoday’sjobmarket,it’snowcommonforjobseekerstosendapplicationsformanypositions.Thatinvolveslotsoftimeandlotsofworktoorganize.Certainly,youcan’twaittowasteyourprecioushoursonfollowingthedevelopmentsinadisorderlyfashionandmissimportantdeadlines,confuseinterviewtimes,orforgettofollowuparesult.Accordingly,managingyourjobsearchproperlyisjustasimportantasidentifyingjobopportunitiesandsubmittingyourapplications.IfyouarefamiliarwithMicrosoftExcelorasimilarprogram,creatingatableisasimpleandeffectivewaytokeeptrackofyourjobapplications.IfExcelisn’tquiteyourcupoftea，don’tworry,youcancreateatableinMicrosoftorasimilarwordprocessor.(17)Googleisanothertooltohelpyougetorganizeeffectively.IfyouhaveaGmailaccount,youcancreate,safeandsendtablesinadditiontowrittendocumentlikeyourcoverletterandresume.canalsolinkupwithGooglecalendartomakesureyoustayontopofimportantdates.Clearly,thereareplentyofwaystokeeptrackofyourjobsearchandmakingtheefforttosimplifyyourjobsearchwillpaidoff.Nevertheless,(18)youshouldalwaysfocusonquality,notquantity.Onlyapplyforpositionyouarequalifiedfor,andmakeeachapplicationcount,personalizingeachcoverletters,andupdatingandediting yourresume.Questions16and18arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.未聽先知：interviews、applyfor、positionsjobs等詞可推測，短文內容與求職有關。第16They，由選項語義可知，They17題各選項均為動詞短語，考查行為動作，聽音時留意選項關鍵詞；第18題各選項均為動詞短語，結合選項語義可推測，此題考查某人的建議或指示。Whatdoesthespeakersayabouttoday’sjobseekers？答案：B詳解：短文開頭提到，在如今的就業(yè)市場上，求職者申請多個職位是很常見的。因此答案為B。WhatcanjobapplicantsdowiththehelpoftheGoogle？答案：A詳解：短文中提到，谷歌是另一個可以有效地幫你變得有條理的工具。因此答案為A。Whatdoesthespeakersuggestjobseekersdo？答案：B詳解：短文最后講話者提到，求職者應該注重質量而不是數(shù)量，至申請那些自己可以勝任的職位，讓每個申請都有意義，而且每逢求職者都要個性化，要不斷更新和編輯自己的簡歷。因此答案為B。PassageTwo(19)Somepeopleifkidsdidn’thappentogotoschool,they’dallbeoutinthestreets.Myreplyis“No,theywouldn’t.”First,evenifschoolsstayjustwhattheyare,childrenwouldspendatleastsometimethere,becausethat’swherethey’dbelikelytofindtheirfriends.Second,schoolswouldn’tstaythewaytheyare.They’dgetbetter,becausewewouldhavetostartmakingthemwhattheyoughttoberightLast,(20)ifwestirredupourbrainsandgavechildrenalittlehelp,thosewhodidnotwanttogotoschoolcouldfindotherthingstodo—thingsmanychildrennowdoduringtheirholidays.(21)There’ssomethingeasierwecoulddo.needtogetkidsoutoftheschoolbuildings,givethemachancetolearnabouttheworldatfirsthand.InPhiladelphiaandPortland,Oregon,plansarebeingdrawnupforpublicschoolsthatwon’thaveanyschoolbuildingsatall.Thatwilltakethestudentsoutintothecityandhelpthemtouseitanditspeopleasaresource.Inotherswords,studentsperhapsingroups,perhapsindependently,willgotolibraries,museums,exhibitions,courtrooms,radiosandTVstations,meetings,businesses,andlaboratoriestolearnabouttheirworldandsocietyatfirsthand.AsmallprivateschoolinWashingtonisalreadydoingthis.Itmakessense.needmoreofit.Questions19and21arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.kidsschoollearning19題各選If2021Whataresomepeopleworriedaboutaccordingtothespeaker？答案：B詳解：短文開頭提到，有些人說，如果孩子們不需要去上學，那么他們都會在大街上（亂跑）。因此答案為B。Whatdoesthespeakerthinkwecoulddoforthekidswhodislikeschool？答案：D詳解：短文中提到，如果我們動腦筋給孩子們一點幫助，那些不愿意去上學的孩子就可以找到其他的事情（很多孩子目前在假期里做的事情）去做。也就是說，對于那些不愿意去學校上學的孩子，我們可以給他們設計一些他們在假期里喜歡做的活動，答案為D。Whatdoesthespeakersayistheeasierthingwecoulddo？答案：D詳解：短文中提到，有一件事情比較簡單，我們可以做到。我們需要把孩子們帶出教學樓，給他們一個直接了解這個世界的機會。因此答案為D。PassageThreeBeforetherewasthewrittenword,therewasthelanguageofdance.Danceexpressesloveandhate,joyandsorrow,lifeanddeath,andeverythingelseinbetween,(22)DanceinAmericaiseverywhere.dancefromFloridatoAlaska,fromhorizontohorizon,andcoasttocoast.danceatweddings,birthdays,officeparties,orjusttofillthetime.“Ican’timaginedoinganythingelsewithmylife,”Bridgesrunsdanceclassesforallages.“Teachingdanceiswonderful.Myolderstudentssayitmakesthemfeelyoung.marveloustowatchthem.(23)Formanyofthem,awayofmeetingpeopleandhavingasociallife.Sowhydowedance?Icantellyouaboutoneyoungcouple，”saysBridges.(24)“Theyarriveattheclassinabadmood,andtheyleavewithasmile.Dancingseemstochangetheirmoodcompletely.”Sodowedanceinordertomakeourselvesfeelbetter,calmer,healthier?(25)AndreaHillier,adanceteachersays,“Dance,liketherhythmofabeatingheart,islife.Evenafteralltheseyears,Iwanttogetbetterandbetter.IkeeppracticingevenwhenI’mexhausted.Ifindithardtostop.DancingremindsmeI’malive.”Questions22and25arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.popularsocialactivitymoreexpressive22It的描述，結合主題可知，It指某種社交活動，聽音時It23It24They25ItWhatdoesthepassagesayaboutthedanceinAmerica？答案：C詳解：短文中提到，跳舞在美國處處可見，從佛羅里達到阿拉斯加、從地平線的一端到地平線的另一端、從東海C。WhatdoweknowabouttheLesterBridgesdancestudio？答案：D詳解：短文中提到，LesterBridges說，對他的很多學生來說，跳舞是一種與人交往、擁有社交生活的方式。也就是說，LesterBridges的舞蹈工作室給人們提供了社交的機會，答案為D。WhathappenedtotheyoungcoupleaftertheyattendedLesterBridgesinclass？答案：A詳解：短文中提到，LesterBridges說他的學生中有一對年輕夫妻，他們來上課的時候情緒不好，但卻是帶著微笑離開的，看來跳舞徹底改變了他們的情緒。因此答案為A。WhatdoesAndreaHilliersayaboutdancing?答案：B詳解：短文最后提到了舞蹈老師AndreaHillier的話：跳舞就像心臟跳動的節(jié)奏，是生命之所在。因此答案為B。PartⅢ ReadingComprehensionSectionA全文翻譯：2040（26）污染物（27）限于所有這些，再加上加利福尼亞州科技(29)創(chuàng)新之州而聞名，使得該州成為開發(fā)和測試（30）詳細監(jiān)測污染系統(tǒng)的理想之地。這也正是舊金山一家名為Aclima的新公司過去幾個月以來一直在做的事情。該公司一直在嘗試建立（31）打算用來（32）室外為了達到這個目的，Aclima一直與谷歌的街景系統(tǒng)（33）合作。Aclima的老板戴維達·赫茨爾說，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)（34）居民污染低值，效果明顯。選項歸類名 詞：C)consequence后果；D)consumers消費者；F)detail細節(jié)；I)inhabitants居民；J)innovation新；M)pollutants污染物；O)sum金額，總和動 詞assisted幫助協(xié)助collaborating合作creating創(chuàng)造intended打算想要restricted制；O)sum總結形容詞：G)domestic國內的，家庭的；L)outdoor戶外的；N)restricted狹小的，有限的副 詞：H)frequently頻繁地詳解詳析：M)pollutants污染物詳解名詞辨析題空格前有介詞應填入名詞本段第一句提到加利福尼亞州以霧霾聞名接著第二句指出雖然現(xiàn)在的情況比以前好一些但是洛杉磯仍然是美國 水平最高的城市而下一句也提到了霾。綜合以上信息可知洛杉磯的污染非常嚴重所以本空應填入“污染相關的名詞因此答案為M)pollutants污染物在備選名詞中能與levels搭配的只有J)innovation和M)pollutants，而innovation放在此處不符合上下文意思，因此排除。答案：N)restricted狹小的，有限的詳解：動詞辨析題。本句是一個倒裝句，正常的語序是“Thestate’sbadairisnot toitssouth.”，空格前有is，應填入形容詞或動詞分詞本句意“該州糟糕的空氣也不僅 南部而下一句指出中央山谷區(qū)的夫勒斯諾市在美國全年污染排行榜上列于首位說明加利福尼亞州不僅僅是南部污染嚴重其他地區(qū)也如此由此可知本題應填入含“僅僅是限于含義的詞因此本題答案為N)restricted狹小的有限的在備選項中能與to搭配的只有K)intended和N)restricted，而intended不符合句意，因此排除。答案：C)consequence后果C)consequence后果。在備選名詞C)consequenceFdetailJ)innovationO)sumconsequenceasa答案：J)innovation新詳解名詞辨析題空格前有形容詞technological，因此應填入名詞該處意“加利福尼亞州以科技 之州而聞名由常識可知加利福尼亞州是許多科技公司的總部所在地以創(chuàng)新聞名因此該空應填J)innovation新。本段提到Aclima是一家新公司，也會讓人想到創(chuàng)新，而且其他備選名詞均不符合句意，所以排除。答案：Fdetail細節(jié)詳解：名詞辨析題?？崭袂坝薪樵~in，應填入名詞。該處意為“用來 監(jiān)測污染的系統(tǒng)”而第32題所在句提到了精確至分鐘的空氣污染地圖說明這些系統(tǒng)非常全面詳細因此應填入F)detail細節(jié)在備選名詞中只有indetail和insum是固定搭配，而insum意思是“總之”，不符合句意，因此排除。答案：K)intended打算，想要詳解動詞辨析題空格前有空格后是因此該空很可能填入動詞名詞空格所在的定語從句修飾stations，意為“ 生成精確至分鐘的 空氣污染地圖”。下一句指出監(jiān)測站還能監(jiān)測室內的空氣情況。由此可知本句是在說明監(jiān)測站的作用應填入含“（打算用來意義的動詞因此本題答案為K)intended打算想要。beintendedto意為“打算……，是用來……”。在備選動詞中，能與to搭配的只有K)intended和N)restricted，而restricted不符合句意，因此排除。答案：Loutdoor戶外的also，說明本句提到的是相對于L)outdoor戶外的。在備選形容詞中，G)domesticN)restricted不符合句意，因此排除。答案：Bcollaborating合作詳解：動詞辨析題?？崭袂坝衕asbeen，因此應填動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞形式。本句意為“為了達到這個目的一直與谷歌的街景系統(tǒng) 谷歌的街景系統(tǒng)可以實時顯示街道情況有助于Aclima的監(jiān)測站收集空氣信息，由此可推斷Aclima在與谷歌合作，因此本題答案為B)collaborating合作。在備選動詞中可以首先排除O)sum，而其他動詞都不能與with搭配，因此排除。答案：I)inhabitants居民詳解名詞辨析題空格前有名詞所有格the空格后是were，因此應填入名詞復數(shù)形式此處是說舊金山的運輸工人罷工使得該城市的 不得不使用私家車由句意可知運輸工人罷工的話人們無法利用公共交通工具出行只能被迫開車本空應填入含“人們居民意義的名詞因此本題答案為I)inhabitants居民在備選的復數(shù)名詞中，D)consumers也指人，但是“消費者”覆蓋面不夠廣泛，inhabitants更加符合句意。答案：Ecreating創(chuàng)造詳解動詞辨析題空格前是介詞空格后是名詞短語因此該空很可能填入動詞現(xiàn)在分詞形式本句意“相反騎行上班效果明顯污染低值本句與上一句形成對比上一句提到運輸工人罷工的時候人們都在開車出行，所以污染值高而騎行上班會減少汽車的使用因此污染值低“cycletowork”產生了這樣的效果，因此本空應填含產生帶來含義的詞本題答案為E)creating創(chuàng)造在備選動詞中現(xiàn)在分詞有B)collaborating和E)creating，collaborating是不及物動詞，因此排除。SectionB全文翻譯：當游客擠走當?shù)厝藭r，威尼斯將面臨被列入“瀕危”名單最近一個秋天的早晨，一大群人堵住了威尼斯最主要的旅游景點之一——里亞托橋——的臺階。里亞托橋(42)90威尼斯是世界上最熱門的旅游目的地之一。但那就是一個問題。（39）9萬的游客擠在威尼5.52050年代17.55萬人的人群是怎樣的感覺。（44）游行隊伍中已經當了奶奶的勞拉·齊吉說，當?shù)卣蛧艺畮资陙硪恢睕]有對擁擠的游客采取任何措施，因為他們只對旅游業(yè)——威尼斯的主要產業(yè)——感興趣。201530億美元?！巴崴咕褪且豢脫u錢樹，”她說，“每個人都想要分一杯羹。”就在圣馬克廣場那邊，一艘游輪經過，每年都有數(shù)百艘這樣的游輪出現(xiàn)在這些中世紀建筑的周圍。（36）（41-2）2014威尼斯的最后期限就在今年夏天毫無聲息的過去了，那時聯(lián)合國教科文組織正在伊斯坦布爾召開大會。只有來自黎巴嫩的一位代表佳德（38）2017薩G)Venice'sdeadlinepassedwithbarelyamurmur(嘟噥)thissummer,justasUNESCOwasmeetinginIstanbul.Onlyonerepresentative,JadTabetfromLebanon,triedtoraisetheissue."Forseveralyears,thesituationofheritageinVenicehasbeenworsening,andithasnowreachedadramaticsituation,"TabettoldUNESCO."Wehavetoactquickly—thereisnotamomenttowaste."38.TheheritagesituationinVenicehasbeendeterioratinginthepastfewyears.譯文：G)Venice'sdeadlinepassedwithbarelyamurmur(嘟噥)thissummer,justasUNESCOwasmeetinginIstanbul.Onlyonerepresentative,JadTabetfromLebanon,triedtoraisetheissue."Forseveralyears,thesituationofheritageinVenicehasbeenworsening,andithasnowreachedadramaticsituation,"TabettoldUNESCO."Wehavetoactquickly—thereisnotamomenttowaste."38.TheheritagesituationinVenicehasbeendeterioratinginthepastfewyears.譯文：在過去幾年里，威尼斯的遺產狀況一直在惡化。heritagesituationininthepastfewyearsG段畫線處。該協(xié)議強調了意大利作為藝術和文化的良好保護者的全球聲譽。但將威尼斯列入聯(lián)合國教科文組織瀕危名單——這一名單主要被發(fā)展中國家和沖突纏身的國家所占據——（43）該市現(xiàn)任市長路易吉·布魯加洛嘲笑了聯(lián)合國教科文組織，讓它少管閑事，同時他繼續(xù)支持雇用了5,000名威尼斯人的游輪行業(yè)。22年來他從未在里亞托橋上有（40）居大陸，他們這一代人可能就是最后一代可以稱自己為威尼斯人的人了。詳解詳析：E)E)JustbeyondSt.Mark'sSquare,acruiseshippasses,oneofhundredseveryyearthatappearovertheirmedieval(中世紀的)surroundings.Theirmassivewakecreateswavesatthebottomofthesea,weakeningthefoundationsofthecenturies-oldbuildingsthemselves."EverytimeIseeacruiseship,Ifeelsad,"Chigisays."Youseethemuditdrags;thedestructionitleavesinitswake?Thathurtstheancientwoodenpolesholdingupthecityunderwater.Onedaywe'llseeVenicebreakdown."36.ThepassingcruiseshipswillunderminethefoundationsoftheancientbuildingsinVenice.譯文：穿行的游輪將會破壞威尼斯古建筑的根基。underminefoundations和buildings定位到文章E段畫線處。J)Earlierthisyear,ItalysignedanaccordwithUNESCOtoestablishataskforceofpoliceartdetectivesandarchaeologists(考古學家)toprotectculturalheritagefromnaturaldisastersandterrorgroups,suchasISIS.TheaccordunderlinedItaly'sglobalreputationasagoodstewardofartandJ)Earlierthisyear,ItalysignedanaccordwithUNESCOtoestablishataskforceofpoliceartdetectivesandarchaeologists(考古學家)toprotectculturalheritagefromnaturaldisastersandterrorgroups,suchasISIS.TheaccordunderlinedItaly'sglobalreputationasagoodstewardofartandculture.37.TheItaliangovernmenthasjustreachedanagreementwithUNESCOtotakemeasurestoprotectitsculturalheritage.譯文：意大利政府最近剛剛與聯(lián)合國教科文組織達成協(xié)議，將采取措施保護期文化遺產。由題干中的ItalianUNESCOprotect和culturalheritage定位到文章J段畫線處。Jreachedanagreementsignedanaccordtakemeasurestoprotectitsculturalheritage對應原establishataskforce…toprotectculturalheritageJ。L)Thecity'scurrentmayor,LuigiBrugnaro,has43.IgnoringUNESCO'swarning,themayorofVenicemaintainshisB)"Peoplearecheeringandholdingtheircartsintheair,"saysGiovanniGiorgio,whohelpedorganizethemarchwithagrass-rootsorganizationcalledGenerazione'90.Thecartshereferstoaresmallshoppingcarts—thesymbolofatrue"Itstartedasajoke,"hesayswithalaugh."Theideawastoputbladesonthewheels!know?LikeBenHur.Preciselylikethat,youjustgoaroundandrunpeopledown."42.TheparticipantsintheVenetianmarchusedshoppingcartstoshowtheywere100%localresidents.威尼斯人游行的參與者使用購物車證明100%的當?shù)厝恕６ㄎ唬河深}干中的march和shoppingcartsL)Thecity'scurrentmayor,LuigiBrugnaro,has43.IgnoringUNESCO'swarning,themayorofVenicemaintainshisB)"Peoplearecheeringandholdingtheircartsintheair,"saysGiovanniGiorgio,whohelpedorganizethemarchwithagrass-rootsorganizationcalledGenerazione'90.Thecartshereferstoaresmallshoppingcarts—thesymbolofatrue"Itstartedasajoke,"hesayswithalaugh."Theideawastoputbladesonthewheels!know?LikeBenHur.Preciselylikethat,youjustgoaroundandrunpeopledown."42.TheparticipantsintheVenetianmarchusedshoppingcartstoshowtheywere100%localresidents.威尼斯人游行的參與者使用購物車證明100%的當?shù)厝恕６ㄎ唬河深}干中的march和shoppingcarts定位到文章B段畫線處。F)Foratime,UNESCO,theculturalwingoftheUnitedNations,seemedtoagree.yearsago,itputItalyonnotice,sayingthegovernmentwasnotprotectingUNESCOconsiderstheentirecityaHeritageSite,agreathonorthatmeansattheculturallevel,belongstoalloftheworld'speople.In2014,UNESCOgaveItalytwoyearstomanageflourishingtourismorthecitywouldbeplacedonanotherlist—WorldHeritageInDanger,joiningsuchsitesasAleppoandPalmyra,destroyedbythewarinSyria.41.UNESCOurgedtheItaliangovernmenttoundertakeitsresponsibilitytoprotect譯文：聯(lián)合國教科文組織敦促意大利政府承擔保護威尼斯的責任。定位：UNESCO、theItaliangovernment和protect定位到文章F段畫線處。C)isoneofthehottesttouristdestinationsintheworld.Butthat'saproblem.Upto90,000touristscrowditsstreetsandcanalseveryday—faroutnumberingthe55,000permanentresidents.Thetouristincreaseisonekeyreasonthecity'spopulationisdownfrom175,000inthe1950s.Theoutnumberedhavebeensteadilyfleeing.Andthosewhostickaroundaretiredoflivinginaplacewheretheycan'tevengettothemarketwithoutswimmingthroughaseaofpicture-snappingtourists.Imagine,navigatingthrough50,000peoplewhileonthewaytoschoolortowork.39.ThedecreaseinthenumberofpermanentresidentsinVeniceismainlyduetotheincreaseoftourists.譯文：威尼斯永久居民人數(shù)的減少主要是由于游客的增加。定位：由題干中的permanentresidents和theincreaseoftourists定位到文章C段畫線處。詳解：定位句提到，每天都有高達9萬的游客擠在威尼斯的街道和運河上——遠遠超過威尼斯5.5萬名永久居民N)Thenithitshim:Thiscrowdisn'tmadeupoftourists.They'reGiorgiosayshe'sneverexperiencedtheRialtoBridgethiswayinallhis22years."Foronce,wearetheoneswhoareblockingthetraffic,"hesaysdelightedly."Itfeelsunreal.Itfeelslikewe'resomeformofendangeredspecies.It'sjustnice.Thefeelingisjustpure."But,heworries,iftourismisn'tmanagedandhisfellowlocalscontinuetomovetothemainland,hisgenerationmightbethelastwhocancallthemselvesnative40.Iftourismgetsoutofcontrol,nativeVenetiansmaydesertthecityaltogetheroneday.譯文：如果旅游業(yè)失控，威尼斯當?shù)厝私K有一天可能會全部離開這座城市。N)Thenithitshim:Thiscrowdisn'tmadeupoftourists.They'reGiorgiosayshe'sneverexperiencedtheRialtoBridgethiswayinallhis22years."Foronce,wearetheoneswhoareblockingthetraffic,"hesaysdelightedly."Itfeelsunreal.Itfeelslikewe'resomeformofendangeredspecies.It'sjustnice.Thefeelingisjustpure."But,heworries,iftourismisn'tmanagedandhisfellowlocalscontinuetomovetothemainland,hisgenerationmightbethelastwhocancallthemselvesnative40.Iftourismgetsoutofcontrol,nativeVenetiansmaydesertthecityaltogetheroneday.譯文：如果旅游業(yè)失控，威尼斯當?shù)厝私K有一天可能會全部離開這座城市。tourismnativeN段畫線處。N。2014年，聯(lián)合國教科文組織給了意大利兩年的時間來管理威尼斯繁榮的旅游業(yè)，否則這個城市將被列F。100localresidents對應原文中的atrueB。ridiculedUNESCOandtoldittominditsownridiculedUNESCOandtoldittominditsownbusiness,whilecontinuingtosupportthecruiseshipindustry,whichemploys5,000Veniceresidents.supportofthecity'stourismindustry.mayorsupportindustryL段畫線處。D)LauraChigi,agrandmotheratthemarch,saysthelocalandnationalgovernmentshavefailedtodoanythingaboutthecrowdsfordecades,becausethey'reonlyinterestedintourism—theprimaryindustryinworthmorethan$3billionin2015.isacashshesays,"andeveryonewantsapiece."44.OnewomansaysthatfordecadestheItaliangovernmentandlocalauthoritieshaveonlyfocusedontherevenuesfromtourism.譯文：一位女士說，幾十年來，意大利政府和地方當局只關注旅游收入。定位：由題干中的governmentandlocalauthoritiesD)LauraChigi,agrandmotheratthemarch,saysthelocalandnationalgovernmentshavefailedtodoanythingaboutthecrowdsfordecades,becausethey'reonlyinterestedintourism—theprimaryindustryinworthmorethan$3billionin2015.isacashshesays,"andeveryonewantsapiece."44.OnewomansaysthatfordecadestheItaliangovernmentandlocalauthoritieshaveonlyfocusedontherevenuesfromtourism.譯文：一位女士說，幾十年來，意大利政府和地方當局只關注旅游收入。定位：由題干中的governmentandlocalauthorities和tourism定位到文章D段畫線處。30億美元。換句話說，意大利政府和地方當局只關注旅游收入，題干中的onlyfocusedontherevenuesfromtourism是對原文中的onlyinterestedintourismD。H。SectionC全文翻譯：

PassageOneH)ButUNESCOdidn'tevenholdavote."It'sbeenpostponeduntil2017,"saysAnnaSomers,thefounderandCEOofTheArtNewspaperandtheformerheadof