高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1福建省南平市2024-2025學年高一下學期期末考試英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.WhowillthemangetPaul’sphonenumberfrom?A.Lisa’ssister. B.Cathy. C.Lisa.【答案】B【原文】M:HaveyougotPaul’sphonenumber,Lisa?W:Sorry,Ihaven’t.Hissister,Cathywillprobablyknow.ShallIgiveheraquickcall?M:No,itdoesn’tmatter.I’llseeheratlunch.2.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthecar. B.Inthecompany. C.Atthegasstation.【答案】A【原文】W:Look,wearealmostoutofgas.We’dbetterstopatthenextgasstation.M:Wehaveenoughtomakeittothecompany.Ifwestop,we’llbelateforthemeeting.3.Howwillthewomanpay?A.Incash. B.Bycreditcard. C.Bycheck.【答案】B【原文】M:Thatwouldbe$199,madam.W:Idon’thavecashonme.CanIusemycreditcardtopaymyfees,ordoIhavetogiveyouacheck?M:Yourcardisfine.4.WhydoesNancyfeelupset?A.Shefailedthemathexam.B.Shemovedtoanotherschool.C.Shecan’tseeherbestfriendoften.【答案】C【原文】W:Nancydidquitewellinhermathexam.Butwhyisshestillinlowspirits?M:HerbestfriendJudymovedtoanotherschoollastweek.Nowtheycan’tmeeteachotherveryoften.W:Oh,that’sunderstandable.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Acity. B.Aseason. C.Theweather.【答案】A【原文】M:Bostonissobeautifulinautumn.W:Absolutely,thechangingleavesarebreathtaking.M:AndIlovethecoolertemperatures.W:Nottomentionallthoseinterestinghistoricsitesyoucanvisit.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whatisthemandoing?A.SeeingaWesternfilm. B.Makingacupofcoffee. C.Enjoyingamusicprogram.7.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Actorandaudience. C.Waiterandcustomer.【答案】6.C7.A【原文】W:Thisisboring.Anythingworthwatching?M:Ithinkthere’saWesternfilmonanotherchannel.W:Doyoumindifweseethefilm?It’sbeenagessinceIenjoyedaWesternfilm.I’dreallyliketoseeit.M:Well,Amy,IwanttoseemyfavoritesingerAshley.Thisisherlastshowoftheseason.W:Ifso,youjustgoon.AndI’lltakesometimetomakecoffee.M:Thatwouldbewonderful,dear.W:Noproblem.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.WhydidMarsharequestthemeetingbeputoff?A.Shegotadocumentlate.B.Shewillgoonabusinesstrip.C.Shewillbevisitedbyacustomer.9.Whendoesthewomansuggestthemeetingbeheld?A.OnTuesdaymorning. B.OnTuesdayafternoon. C.OnWednesdaymorning.10.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Makeatravelplan. B.Collectsomedata. C.TrytoreachMarsha.【答案】8.A9.C10.C【原文】M:MarshajustcalledtoaskifwecouldchangethemeetingfromTuesdaytoWednesday.W:Oh?Didshetellyouthereason?M:Yeah.Thesalesreportexpectedtoarriveyesterdayonlycameinthismorning.Andsheneedstimetoanalyzethedata.Besides,sheneedstogoouttovisitanimportantcustomerthisafternoon.W:Well,I’mleavingforabusinesstriponthatafternoon,butIcanmakemyselfavailableforanearlymorningmeeting.Wouldyoucallherandsetatimeforthemeeting?M:Sure.I’lldothatassoonaspossible.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.Whatkindofapartmentdoesthemanwanttorent?A.Onewithasmallkitchen.B.Onewiththreebigbedrooms.C.Onewithabrightlivingroom.12.Whatdoesthemanthinkisnecessaryinthebathroom?A.Abath. B.Awindow. C.Ashower.13.WhatareaofthecitywouldAllanratherlivein?A.Thecenter. B.Thewest. C.Theeast.【答案】11.B12.C13.B【原文】W:Goodmorning.HowcanIhelpyou?M:Yes.I’dliketorentanapartmentwiththreebedrooms.I’lllivewithmyfriendsTonyandAllan.W:OK.Isthatwithalivingroomtoshare?Pluskitchenandbathroom?M:Yeah.Thelivingroomcouldbesmallsincewewantbigbedrooms.Thekitchenshouldbebrightandwemusthaveabathroomwithashower.Wedon’tmindabouthavingabathorashowercurtain,buttheshower’simportant.W:OK.Areyouinterestedinanyparticulararea?M:Well,thecitycenterwouldbegoodformeandTony,sothat’sourfirstpreference...butwewouldconsideranythinginthewestofthecityaswell—actuallyforAllanthat’dbebetter!Butwearen’tinterestedinthenorthortheeastofthecity.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.Whyisthewomantalkingtotheman?A.Toaskforadvice.B.Tomakeacomplaint.C.Torequestafter-salesservice.15.Whatisthematterwiththewoman’swashingmachine?A.Itistoonoisy. B.Itoftenstopsworking. C.Itispower-hungry.16.Whichwashingmachinemightthewomanbuy?A.AVortex. B.AMitang. C.ALavaggio.【答案】14.A15.B16.C【原文】W:Canyouhelpme?Ineedtobuyanewwashingmachine.M:Oh,why?What’stheproblem?W:TheoneI’vegotkeepsbreakingdown.Iboughtitayearagobecauseit’saVortexandthey’resupposedtobeveryreliable.M:I’mnotsurprised.Idon’tthinkVortexisaverygoodbuy,andtheircustomerserviceisverypoor.W:SowhatbranddoyouthinkIshouldbuy?M:Itdependsonwhatyouwant.Mitangisawell-knownbrand.Theirmachinesareveryhighqualityandtheircustomerserviceisexcellent.Butthey’reexpensive.W:Isthereanotherbrandthatisreliableandgoodvalueformoney?M:TheItalianbrandLavaggioisverygood.I’vegotaLavaggiomachine.It’seasytouseanditdoesn’tusealotofelectricity.It’salotcheaperthanMitang.W:Perfect!Thanksforthetip.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17.Howlongdoesthepopdanceclasslast?A.Halfanhour. B.Anhour. C.Oneandahalfhours.18.WhatclasswillJanineDavisteach?A.Thepopdanceclass. B.Thestreetdanceclass. C.Thefolkdanceclass.19.Howmuchisthefeeforthestreetdanceclass?A.￡7.50 B.￡8.50. C.￡10.50.20.WhatdoesthespeakerthinkofAndrew’sclasses?A.Verypopular. B.Alittleexpensive. C.Quitedemanding.【答案】17.C18.B19.A20.A【原文】M:Hello,everyone.Ijustwanttomakeaquickannouncementaboutoursummertimetable.ShimmersDanceSchoolwillbeofferingnewclassesthissummerduetostrongdemand.Firstofall,youroldfriendAngelaStevensonwillbebackthisterm,runningthepopdanceclass.ThisclasswillbeonTuesdays,andinsteadoftheusualhourfrom6:30to7:30,itwillcontinueuntil8o’clock.Thismeanswehavetochargehigherfees,butonlyalittlehigher:fromeightpoundsfiftytotenpoundsfifty.Next,JanineDaviswillstillbeteachingthestreetdanceclasses.InsteadofbeingonMondays,theseclasseswillbeonWednesdaynightsfrom7o’clockto8o’clock.Thefeewillstillbesevenpoundsfiftyforthehour.Lastbutnotleast,Andrewistakingoverthefolkdanceclass.Theclasswillbeabighitasfolkdanceisagreatwaytogetfitwhilelearningnewdancingskills.Thiswillcostelevenpounds.Alltheotherclassesremainthesameasthewintertimetable.Wehopethere’ssomethingforallofyouattheShimmers!Wishyouagoodtime!第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ADoyouwanttogetaperfectpackagewithoutbreakingthebank,witheverythingyouwantonhand?HerearesometoursinEuropethisJuly.HtopOlympicHotel,SpainThisairy3★hotel,overlookingSpain’snortheasterncoast,reallyischeapaschips.ThebuffetincludesCatalandishesandsomeBritishfavorites.Roomsarecleanandbright,andthere’sanoutdoorpool,whilethebeachisashortwalkaway.GO:Sevennights’all-inclusiveisfrom￡232ppincludingflightsfromLondonStanstedonJuly17.DiamondHotel,BulgariaIt’snotthenamebutthecharmingspathatmakesthe4★DiamondHotelverypopular.Completewithasolarium,saunaandTurkishbath,thewellnessareaoffersmudcures.Plus,there’salotofwatersportsandeveningentertainmentthroughouttheweek.GO:Sevennights’all-inclusiveisfrom￡249ppincludingflightsfromLutononJuly27.CaribbeanVillageAgadir,MoroccoIfyou’veneverexperiencedthecolorfularchitectureofMoroccoortastedatraditionaltagineofspicedmeatanddriedfruit,thenthe3★CaribbeanVillageAgadirisforyou.AgadirisonMorocco’ssouthernAtlanticcoastandattractslotsofsurfersthankstoitscurlingwaves.GO:Sevennights’all-inclusiveisfrom￡320ppincludingflightsfromEdinburghonJuly17.SunClubElDorado,MajorcaFancyagameofbeachvolleyball?Howaboutaroundofminigolf?You’llfindallthisandmoreatthe2★SunClubElDorado.Thebuffetservesthreemealsaday,butthere’salsoapoolsidesnackbarforbeersandlightbites.GO:Sevennights’all-inclusiveisfrom￡286ppincludingflightsfromEastMidlandsonJuly13.21.Whichtouristhecheapest?A.HtopOlympicHotel,Spain. B.DiamondHotel,Bulgaria.C.CaribbeanVillageAgadir,Morocco. D.SunClubElDorado,Majorca.22.Whatdothefourtourshaveincommon?A.Theyfeaturetraditionalfood. B.Theyareallpackagetours.C.Theyhavethesamestarrating. D.Theyprovidewatersports.23.Whichsectionofanewspaperisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Sports. B.Business. C.Travel. D.Education.【答案】21.A22.B23.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹今年7月歐洲的一些旅行套餐，包括西班牙的HtopOlympic酒店、保加利亞的Diamond酒店、摩洛哥的CaribbeanVillageAgadir以及馬略卡島的SunClubElDorado，涵蓋酒店特色和價格等信息?！?1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“HtopOlympicHotel,Spain”部分中的“GO:Sevennights’all-inclusiveisfrom￡232ppincludingflightsfromLondonStanstedonJuly17.(7月17日從倫敦斯坦斯特德出發(fā)，七晚全包每人232英鎊起)”、“DiamondHotel,Bulgaria”部分中的“GO:Sevennights’all-inclusiveisfrom￡249ppincludingflightsfromLutononJuly27.(7月27日從盧頓出發(fā)，七晚全包每人249英鎊起)”、“CaribbeanVillageAgadir,Morocco”部分中“GO:Sevennights’all-inclusiveisfrom￡320ppincludingflightsfromEdinburghonJuly17.(7月17日從愛丁堡出發(fā)，七晚全包每人320英鎊起)”以及“SunClubElDorado,Majorca”部分中“GO:Sevennights’all-inclusiveisfrom￡286ppincludingflightsfromEastMidlandsonJuly13.(7月13日從東米德蘭茲出發(fā)，七晚全包每人286英鎊起)”可知，HtopOlympicHotel,Spain的旅行套餐最便宜。故選A項。【22題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Doyouwanttogetaperfectpackagewithoutbreakingthebank,witheverythingyouwantonhand?HerearesometoursinEuropethisJuly.(你想在不花大錢的情況下得到一個完美的旅行套餐，所需的一切都應(yīng)有盡有嗎？以下是今年7月歐洲的一些旅行推薦)”以及各部分“Sevennights’all-inclusive(七晚全包)”的表述可知，這四個旅行都是套餐旅行。故選B項。【23題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Doyouwanttogetaperfectpackagewithoutbreakingthebank,witheverythingyouwantonhand?HerearesometoursinEuropethisJuly.(你想在不花大錢的情況下得到一個完美的旅行套餐，所需的一切都應(yīng)有盡有嗎？以下是今年7月歐洲的一些旅行推薦)”可知，文章主要介紹了歐洲的一些旅行套餐，包括酒店特色、價格及出發(fā)地等旅行相關(guān)信息，最有可能來自報紙的旅游板塊。故選C項。BReneeFlukerwasafull-timesocialworkerforthestateofMichiganwhenonedayherteenagesonmadearemark(評論)thatstayedwithher.Herson,oneofonlyafewBlacksonhisDetroithigh-schoolgolfteam,said:ItwouldbegreatifotherBlackkidslearnedhowtoplaygolf(高爾夫)andafterwardattendedcollege.The69-year-oldFlukerwasinspiredbythatthoughtandfinallyfoundedthenonprofitthatsherunstoday,theCollegeCareer&BeyondMidnightGolfProgram.“Playinggolfatnightisimpossibleunlesssomeoneshinesalight,”Shesays,“That’sexactlywhatwedo,weusegolftocreatepossibilities,helpingyoungpeopleseeabrighterfuture.”Atfirst,shestruggledtofindstudents.Whatfinallyworked,Flukersays,wasofferingfreepizzaatacommunitycenter.Alongwiththeirpizza,thestudentsgotfreegolflessonsandlistenedtotalksaboutcollegeandcareers(職業(yè)).In2001thegrouphad17students.Lastyear,250seniorsfrom76southeastMichiganhighschoolswereselectedfromtheabout2,000whoapplied.Inrecentyears,thestudentshaveattendedspecialclassesattheSchoolatMarygrove.Volunteersteachthestudentssuchskillsaswritingrésumésandcollegeapplications.ThegolflessonsaretaughtbyprofessionalsfromthePGAofAmerica,anorganizationtogrowinterestandparticipationingolf.Sofar,MidnightGolfgraduateshaveattendedmorethan130colleges,saysFluker,whoaddssheismovedtotearsthinkingoftheirsuccessstories,includingoneofherfirststudents,whogrewupinpublichousing,attendedHowardUniversityandearnedaPh.D.innursing.Flukersaysbeingaroundsomanyyoungpeoplehelpstokeepherfeelingyoung.Shesaysherfriendscalledher“crazy”fornotenjoyingherretirementyears.Butthankstoit,manypeoplehavebeenhelped.24.WhatinspiredFlukertostarttheMidnightGolfProgram?A.Blackkids’loveforgolf. B.Herdesireformoney.C.Herworkexperience. D.Herson’swords.25.HowdidFlukerattractstudentstojoinintheprogram?A.Byteachinggolfskills. B.Byprovidingpizzaforfree.C.Bydeliveringspeeches. D.Byofferingapplicationtips.26.WhichwordcanbestdescribeFluker?A.Helpful. B.Energetic. C.Confident. D.Cheerful.27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Golf:MoreThanaGame B.SocialWorkers:Society’sLightC.NightGolf,BrightFutures D.RetirefromWork,NotfromLife【答案】24.D25.B26.A27.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了弗盧克為了幫助黑人打高爾夫甚至上大學而創(chuàng)立了一個非營利性組織，幫助很多黑人擁有美好未來?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)首段中的“Herson,oneofonlyafewBlacksonhisDetroithigh-schoolgolfteam,said:ItwouldbegreatifotherBlackkidslearnedhowtoplaygolfandafterwardattendedcollege.(她兒子是她所在底特律高中高爾夫球隊中為數(shù)不多的黑人隊員之一，他說要是其他黑人孩子也能學會打高爾夫球，并且之后還能上大學，那該多好)”以及第二段首句“The69-year-oldFlukerwasinspiredbythatthoughtandfinallyfoundedthenonprofitthatsherunstoday,theCollegeCareer&BeyondMidnightGolfProgram.(69歲的弗盧克受到這一想法的啟發(fā)，最終創(chuàng)立了她如今所經(jīng)營的非營利組織——大學職業(yè)與未來規(guī)劃午夜高爾夫項目)”可知，弗盧克兒子說的話激勵弗盧克創(chuàng)立了午夜高爾夫項目。故選D項。【25題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Atfirst,shestruggledtofindstudents.Whatfinallyworked,Flukersays,wasofferingfreepizzaatacommunitycenter.(起初她很難找到學生。弗盧克說，最終奏效的辦法是在一個社區(qū)中心提供免費的披薩)”可知，弗盧克靠提供免費披薩來吸引學生參加這個項目。故選B項?！?6題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)末段“Flukersaysbeingaroundsomanyyoungpeoplehelpstokeepherfeelingyoung.Shesaysherfriendscalledher“crazy”fornotenjoyingherretirementyears.Butthankstoit,manypeoplehavebeenhelped.(弗盧克說，與眾多年輕人相處讓她感覺自己依然年輕。她說，她的朋友們稱她“瘋狂”，因為她沒有享受退休生活。但由于這一點，許多人得到了幫助)”可推斷，弗盧克對很多人是有幫助的，選項中的helpful表示“有幫助的”，與推斷相吻合。故選A項。【27題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中的“The69-year-oldFlukerwasinspiredbythatthoughtandfinallyfoundedthenonprofitthatsherunstoday,theCollegeCareer&BeyondMidnightGolfProgram.(69歲的弗盧克受到這一想法的啟發(fā)，最終創(chuàng)立了她如今所經(jīng)營的非營利組織——大學職業(yè)與未來規(guī)劃午夜高爾夫項目)”和“That’sexactlywhatwedo,weusegolftocreatepossibilities,helpingyoungpeopleseeabrighterfuture.(這正是我們所做的，我們用高爾夫創(chuàng)造機會，幫助年輕人看到更美好的未來)”以及倒數(shù)第二段中的“Sofar,MidnightGolfgraduateshaveattendedmorethan130colleges(到目前為止，午夜高爾夫項目的畢業(yè)生已經(jīng)考入了130多所大學)”可知，本文中心是弗盧克創(chuàng)立的午夜高爾夫項目幫助很多黑人擁有美好未來。選項C表示“夜場高爾夫，美好未來”和中心相吻合，可作標題。故選C項。CWhydosomepeoplealwaysgetlostwhileothersnavigate(導航)effortlessly?Researchsuggeststhatexperienceplaysabiggerrolethannaturaltalentindevelopingasenseofdirection.Scientistshavestudiedhowpeoplefindtheirwaybyobservingtheminvirtualenvironmentsorreal-lifetasks.Forexample,subjectsmightbeaskedtopointtoanunseenlocationorimaginebeingsomewhereelseanddirectathirdspot.Resultsshowwidedifferences:Somepeoplearehighlycorrect,whileothersseemtoguessanyhow.Akeyfactorishowyougrewup.A2020virtualnavigationtestconductedbyQueenMaryUniversityofLondononover2,600pairsoftwinsfoundthatgenetics(遺傳學)explainedonly30-40%ofdifferencesinnavigationskills,whilenonsharedenvironmentalfactorsaccountedfor60-70%.Follow-upinterviewsshowedtheseoftenincludedchildhoodexperienceslikecyclingtoschoolorfamilytravel.Thissuggestsgoodnavigatorsdevelopthroughlivedexperience.Culturalbackgroundalsomatters.InNordiccountries,whereorienteering(asportconnectingrunningandnavigation)ispopular,peopletendtoperformbetter.Peopleinthecountrysidedidbetter,onaverage,thanpeoplefromcities.AndthosefromcitieswithhardstreetarrangementssuchasthoseintheolderpartsofEuropeancitiesoutperformthosefromcitieslikeChicago,wherethestreetsformaregulargrid(棋盤),perhapsbecausepeopleofgridcitiesdon’tneedtobuildsuchdifficultmindpictures.Toimprovenavigationskills,expertsrecommendtargetedpracticethatstrengthensbothroute-followinganddirectionmemoryabilities.WhileGPScanbehelpful,overusingitmayweakenyournaturalnavigationability.Instead,observenoticeablethingslikebuildings,busstops,andstreetpatternstounderstandhowlocationsconnect.Doingthisoftenhelpsbuildaclearerpictureinthemind.Rememberthatnavigationisalearnableskill—evenpoornavigatorscanimprovetheirabilitieswitheffort.28.Whatisthefindingaboutnavigationresearch?A.Virtualtrainingsworkeffectively. B.Naturaltalentcountsmore.C.Real-lifetasksaffectsignificantly. D.Livedexperiencemattersmost.29.Howdoestheauthorsupporthisopinioninparagraph2?A.Byconductingafieldstudy. B.Bygivingadefinition.C.Byquotingresearchfindings. D.Bymakinganassumption.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outperform”inparagraph3mean?A.Fallbehind. B.Dobetterthan. C.Matchequally. D.Keepupwith.31.Whattipdoexpertssharewithpoornavigators?A.Followone’sownsenseofdirection. B.UseGPSasmuchaspossible.C.Drawsimplemapswhilewalking. D.Practiceobservinglandmarks.【答案】28.D29.C30.B31.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了研究表明導航能力中生活經(jīng)驗比天賦更重要，還受成長環(huán)境、文化背景影響，專家建議通過觀察地標來提升這一可習得技能?！?8題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Researchsuggeststhatexperienceplaysabiggerrolethannaturaltalentindevelopingasenseofdirection.(研究表明，在培養(yǎng)方向感方面，經(jīng)驗比天賦發(fā)揮更大的作用。)”以及第二段中“Thissuggestsgoodnavigatorsdevelopthroughlivedexperience.(這表明優(yōu)秀的導航員是通過生活經(jīng)驗培養(yǎng)出來的。)”可知，研究表明生活經(jīng)驗在培養(yǎng)方向感方面比天賦更重要，即生活經(jīng)驗最為關(guān)鍵。故選D項?！?9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“A2020virtualnavigationtestconductedbyQueenMaryUniversityofLondononover2,600pairsoftwinsfoundthatgenetics(遺傳學)explainedonly30-40%ofdifferencesinnavigationskills,whilenonsharedenvironmentalfactorsaccountedfor60-70%.(2020年，倫敦瑪麗女王大學對2600多對雙胞胎進行了一項虛擬導航測試，發(fā)現(xiàn)基因只解釋了30-40%的導航技能差異，而非共享環(huán)境因素解釋了60-70%。)”可知，通過引用倫敦瑪麗女王大學2020年對2600多對雙胞胎進行的虛擬導航測試這一研究結(jié)果來支持自己的觀點，即經(jīng)驗比天賦對導航能力影響更大。故選C項?！?0題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中“Peopleinthecountrysidedidbetter,onaverage,thanpeoplefromcities.Andthosefromcitieswithhard-streetarrangementssuchasthoseintheolderpartsofEuropeancities…thosefromcitieslikeChicago,wherethestreetsformaregulargrid(棋盤),perhapsbecausepeopleofgridcitiesdon’tneedtobuildsuchdifficultmindpictures.(平均而言，農(nóng)村人比城市人做得更好。那些來自街道布局復(fù)雜的城市的人，比如那些歐洲城市的老城區(qū)的人，比那些來自芝加哥這樣的城市的人……，芝加哥的街道形成了一個規(guī)則的網(wǎng)格，也許是因為網(wǎng)格城市的人不需要構(gòu)建如此困難的思維圖景。)”可知，前面說農(nóng)村人平均比城市人表現(xiàn)好，這里是在對比不同城市人的導航能力，結(jié)合語境，應(yīng)該是街道布局復(fù)雜的歐洲城市老城區(qū)的人比像芝加哥這種街道呈棋盤狀的城市的人在導航方面做得更好，故可猜測“outperform”意思是“比……做得好”，B選項Dobetterthan“做得比……好”符合語境。故選B項?！?1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Toimprovenavigationskills,expertsrecommendtargetedpracticethatstrengthensbothroute-followinganddirectionmemoryabilities.Instead,observenoticeablethingslikebuildings,busstops,andstreetpatternstounderstandhowlocationsconnect.(為了提高導航技能，專家建議有針對性的練習，加強路線跟蹤和方向記憶能力。雖然GPS很有用，但過度使用可能會削弱你天生的導航能力。相反，觀察一些明顯的東西，比如建筑、公交車站和街道模式，以了解地點之間的聯(lián)系。)”可知，專家建議通過觀察像建筑物、公交站和街道模式等明顯的事物（即地標）來提高導航能力。故選D項。DWildfireshaverecentlydestroyedregionsacrosstheworld,andtheirseverity(嚴重性)isincreasing.Hopingtoreduceharm,researchersledbyYapeiWang,achemistatRenminUniversityofChina,saytheyhavedevelopedaninexpensivesensor(感應(yīng)器)todetectsuchfireearlierwithlesseffort.Currentdetection(發(fā)現(xiàn))methodsrelyheavilyonhumanwatchfulness,whichcanputoffaneffectiveresponse.Mostwildfiresarereportedbythegeneralpublic,andotherwarningscomefromroutinefootchecksandwatchtowerobservers.Passingplanesandsatellitesalsosometimesfindsomething,but“thefirefirstappearsontheground,”Wangsays.“Whenyouseethefirefromthesky...itistoolate.”Theteamsaysitsnewsensorcanbeplacedneartrees’basesandsendawirelesssignaltoanearbyreceiverifthereisastrikingtemperatureincrease.Thatheatalsopowersthesensoritself,removingtheneedtousebatteries.Thekeyismoltensaltscalledionicliquids:asuddentemperaturechangecauseselectronstomovewithintheliquids,creatingelectricalenergythatcauseselectrodestosendthesignal.Theteamprintedthoseontoordinarypapertocreateasensorforjust$0.40,asdescribedinJuneinACSAppliedMaterials&Interfaces.JessicaMcCarty,ageographeratMiamiUniversityinOhio,whodidn’tconductthestudy,saysplacessuchasSanDiego—wherewildlandandcitymeet—couldpotentiallybenefitfromsensorslikethis.Whenafirebreaksoutinafarawayplacethatimpactssomeone’shouse,shesays,withsuchasensor,“youknowthatasahomeownerbeforethefireagencymayhavedetectedit.”Wangsayshisteam’snextstepsaretowidenthesensor’ssignalrangebeyondthecurrent100meters,whichcanlimitpracticaluse,andtodevelopaprotectivecoverforit.32.Whatisthemoststrikingadvantageofthenewsensor?A.Quicktouse. B.Easytoproduce.C.Greenmaterials. D.Immediatefiredetection.33.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theprocessofcreatingthesensor. B.Thesciencebehindthesensor.C.Themethodofimprovingthesensor. D.Thedisadvantageofthesensor.34.WhydoestheauthormentionJessicaMcCarty?A.Topresenttheuser’sexperience. B.Tostressthebenefitofthesensor.C.Toprovethelimitationofthesensor. D.Topraisethefireagency’sperformance.35.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthetext?A.Tointroduceafiresensor. B.Toadvertiseanewtypeofsensor.C.Toshowtheseriousnessofwildfire. D.Toraisetheawarenessofwildfirefighting.【答案】32.D33.B34.B35.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了野火愈發(fā)嚴重，中國人民大學王亞培團隊研發(fā)出廉價傳感器，可置于樹底，遇溫度驟升發(fā)電并無線傳信號，優(yōu)于現(xiàn)有方法，未來將改進其信號范圍和防護?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Currentdetection(發(fā)現(xiàn))methodsrelyheavilyonhumanwatchfulness,whichcanputoffaneffectiveresponse.Mostwildfiresarereportedbythegeneralpublic,andotherwarningscomefromroutinefootchecksandwatchtowerobservers.Passingplanesandsatellitesalsosometimesfindsomething,but“thefirefirstappearsontheground,”Wangsays.“Whenyouseethefirefromthesky...itistoolate.”(目前的火災(zāi)探測方法很大程度上依賴于人的警覺性，這可能會導致救援行動的延遲。大多數(shù)火災(zāi)是由普通民眾報告的，其他預(yù)警信息則來自常規(guī)的地面巡查和瞭望塔觀察員。經(jīng)過的飛機和衛(wèi)星有時也能發(fā)現(xiàn)火情，但王說：“火災(zāi)總是先在地面顯現(xiàn)出來。”“當你從空中看到火災(zāi)……就已經(jīng)太晚了。”)”以及第三段“Theteamsaysitsnewsensorcanbeplacedneartrees’basesandsendawirelesssignaltoanearbyreceiverifthereisastrikingtemperatureincrease.(該團隊表示，其新傳感器可以放置在樹木根部附近，如果溫度出現(xiàn)顯著升高，它會通過無線信號傳送到附近的接收器)”可知，這種新型傳感器最顯著的優(yōu)點是可實現(xiàn)即時火災(zāi)檢測。故選D?！?3題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Theteamsaysitsnewsensorcanbeplacedneartrees’basesandsendawirelesssignaltoanearbyreceiverifthereisastrikingtemperatureincrease.Thatheatalsopowersthesensoritself,removingtheneedtousebatteries.Thekeyismoltensaltscalledionicliquids:asuddentemperaturechangecauseselectronstomovewithintheliquids,creatingelectricalenergythatcauseselectrodestosendthesignal.Theteamprintedthoseontoordinarypapertocreateasensorforjust$0.40,asdescribedinJuneinACSAppliedMaterials&Interfaces.(該團隊表示，其新傳感器可以放置在樹木根部附近，如果溫度出現(xiàn)顯著升高，它會通過無線信號傳送到附近的接收器。這種熱量還會為傳感器本身供電，從而無需使用電池。關(guān)鍵在于被稱為離子液體的熔融鹽：溫度的突然變化會使液體中的電子移動，從而產(chǎn)生電能，使電極發(fā)出信號。該團隊將這些部件打印在普通紙上，從而制造出了一個僅需0.4美元的傳感器，相關(guān)研究成果已于6月發(fā)表在《美國化學學會應(yīng)用材料與界面》雜志上)”可知，第三段主要講的是傳感器背后的科學原理。故選B。【34題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“JessicaMcCarty,ageographeratMiamiUniversityinOhio,whodidn’tconductthestudy,saysplacessuchasSanDiego—wherewildlandandcitymeet—couldpotentiallybenefitfromsensorslikethis.Whenafirebreaksoutinafarawayplacethatimpactssomeone’shouse,shesays,withsuchasensor,“youknowthatasahomeownerbeforethefireagencymayhavedetectedit.”(俄亥俄州邁阿密大學的地理學教授杰西卡·麥卡蒂（未參與此項研究）表示，像圣地亞哥這樣的地方（其郊野與城區(qū)交界處）或許能夠從這類傳感器中受益。她指出，如果一場火災(zāi)發(fā)生在遙遠的地方并影響到某人的房屋，有了這樣的傳感器，“作為房主的你就能在火災(zāi)發(fā)生前就得知此事，而消防部門或許也能提前發(fā)現(xiàn)。”)”可知，作者提及杰西卡·麥卡蒂是為了強調(diào)傳感器的益處。故選B?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Wildfireshaverecentlydestroyedregionsacrosstheworld,andtheirseverity(嚴重性)isincreasing.Hopingtoreduceharm,researchersledbyYapeiWang,achemistatRenminUniversityofChina,saytheyhavedevelopedaninexpensivesensor(感應(yīng)器)todetectsuchfireearlierwithlesseffort.(近期，世界各地多地遭受了野火的侵襲，其嚴重程度也在不斷加劇。為減少損失，由中國人民大學的化學家王亞培領(lǐng)導的研究團隊表示，他們已研發(fā)出一種成本低廉的感應(yīng)器，能夠更簡便地更早地檢測到此類火災(zāi))”結(jié)合文章主要說明了野火愈發(fā)嚴重，中國人民大學王亞培團隊研發(fā)出廉價傳感器，可置于樹底，遇溫度驟升發(fā)電并無線傳信號，優(yōu)于現(xiàn)有方法，未來將改進其信號范圍和防護。可知，作者撰寫這篇文章的目的是介紹一種火災(zāi)探測器。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Whileeducationisimportant,weshouldn’tforgetthevalueofschoolsportsforchildren’sdevelopment.Herearesomereasonswhyplayingsportsinschoolsisbeneficial.____36____Regularphysicalactivityisveryimportantforkeepingahealthyweight,buildingstrongbonesandmuscles,andreducingtheriskofdiseasessuchasobesity,diabetes,andheartdisease.Forchildren,theimportanceofdevelopinghealthyhabitsearlyinlifecannotbeoverstated.Playingsportshelpkidsstayactiveandbuildfitness.Also,itcanbettermentalandemotionalwell-being.Playingsportshasbeenshowntoreducestress,anxiety,andsymptoms(癥狀)ofdepression.AnewAustralianstudyshowsthatplayingsportsfromanearlyagecanleadtobetterlong-termmentalhealth.____37____Astheysetandachievegoals,whetherscoringagoalinsoccerorimprovingtheirtimeinaswimmeet,childrenlearntotrustintheirabilities.____38____Studieshavefoundthatregularexerciseleadstoimprovedconcentration,increasedcreativity,andbetterproblem-solvingabilities.Student-athletesneedtomanagebothschoolworkandsports.Theymustlearntosetpriorities(優(yōu)先),makeschedules,andstayfocused.____39____Mostimportantly,ithaslong-termbenefitsandhelpsformlifelonghabits.Thehabitsandskillsdevelopedthroughsportscanleadtoalifetimeofphysicalactivity,health,andwell-being.____40____Plus,thelessonslearnedonthesportsfield,suchasgoal-settingandteamwork,canhavealastingimpactonachild’sfuturesuccess.A.Playingsportscanimprovephysicalfitness.B.Besides,sportscanhelpchildrenbuildconfidence.C.Itcancontributetoeffectivetimemanagementskills.D.Theseskillswillhelpthemsucceedinschoolandfuturejobs.E.Additionally,playingsportscanleadtomoresuccessinstudies.F.Moreover,playingsportsofferstudentsleadershipopportunities.G.Activekidsusuallygrowintoactiveadults,stayinghealthierandhappier.【答案】36.A37.B38.E39.D40.G【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要論述了學校體育運動對孩子發(fā)展的益處及重要性。【36題詳析