2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解閱讀理解能力提高方法實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練與技巧總結(jié)考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷PartAReadingComprehensiondirections:Inthepassagebelow,eachsentenceisfollowedbyfourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hasbeenatransformativeforceacrossnumeroussectors,promisingunprecedentedefficiencyandinnovation.However,thistechnologicalsurgehasalsoignitedconsiderabledebateregardingitssocietalimplications,particularlyconcerningemployment.WhileproponentsarguethatAIwillprimarilyautomateroutinetasks,creatingnewjobcategoriesintheprocess,criticscontendthatthedisplacementofhumanworkerscouldleadtosignificanteconomicdisruption.NavigatingthiscomplexlandscaperequiresanuancedunderstandingofboththepotentialbenefitsanddrawbacksassociatedwithwidespreadAIintegration.OneofthemostfrequentlycitedadvantagesofAIisitscapacitytoenhanceproductivitybyhandlingrepetitiveandlaborioustasks.Inmanufacturing,forinstance,AI-poweredrobotscanoperatewithremarkableprecision,24hoursaday,streamliningproductionlinesandreducingerrors.Similarly,intherealmofdataanalysis,AIalgorithmscanprocessvastdatasetsfarmorerapidlyandaccuratelythanhumananalysts,identifyingpatternsandgeneratinginsightsthatmightremainhiddeninrawinformation.Thisefficiencyboostisnotconfinedtotheprivatesector;governmentalagenciescanleverageAIfortaskssuchaspredictivepolicingoroptimizingresourceallocation,potentiallyleadingtomoreeffectivepublicservices.Furthermore,AIholdspromiseintherealmofhealthcare,whereitcanassistindiagnosis,drugdiscovery,andpersonalizedtreatmentplans,ultimatelyimprovingpatientoutcomesandreducingcosts.Despitethesepotentialbenefits,thespecterofjobdisplacementloomslarge.Manyjobsinvolvingroutinecognitiveormanualtasksaresusceptibletoautomation.Forexample,AI-drivenchatbotsareincreasinglyhandlingcustomerserviceinquiries,whileself-checkoutsystemsarereplacingcashiersinretailenvironments.Thetransportationsectorisalsoundergoingsignificantupheaval,withautonomousvehiclespoisedtorevolutionizetruckingandpotentiallyevenpersonalmobility.Suchdevelopmentsraiselegitimateconcernsaboutthefateofmillionsofworkerswhosejobsmayberenderedobsolete.Moreover,thecreationofnewjobsdrivenbyAIoftenrequiresdifferentskillsets,potentiallyleavingthosedisplacedwithoutthenecessaryqualificationsoropportunitiesforupwardmobility.Thiscouldexacerbateexistinginequalitiesandleadtosocialunrestifnotmanagedproactively.TheeconomicconsequencesofAI-drivenjobdisplacementaremultifaceted.Whilesomearguethatincreasedproductivitywillultimatelyleadtoeconomicgrowth,theshort-termadjustmentperiodcouldinvolvesignificanthardship.Unemploymentratesmightrise,puttingdownwardpressureonwagesandincreasingeconomicinequality.Additionally,thesocietalcostsassociatedwithretrainingprogramsandprovidingsupportfordisplacedworkersrepresentasubstantialfinancialburden.TherearealsoconcernsthatthebenefitsofAI-driveneconomicgrowthmaynotbeevenlydistributed,potentiallywideningthegapbetweendifferentsocioeconomicgroupsandregions.Thesechallengesnecessitatethoughtfulpolicyinterventionsaimedatmitigatingthenegativeimpactsandensuringamoreequitabletransition.AddressingthechallengesposedbyAIrequiresamulti-prongedapproachinvolvinggovernments,educationalinstitutions,andtheprivatesector.Firstly,policymakersmustprioritizeinvestmentsineducationandvocationaltrainingprogramsfocusedondevelopingskillsthatarelesslikelytobeautomated,suchascriticalthinking,creativity,andemotionalintelligence.Secondly,fosteringacultureoflifelonglearningisessential,encouragingworkerstocontinuouslyupdatetheirskillsthroughouttheircareers.Collaborationbetweenindustriesandeducationalbodiescanhelptailortrainingprogramstotheevolvingdemandsofthejobmarket.Thirdly,exploringnewmodelsofwork,suchasflexibleemploymentarrangementsoruniversalbasicincome,couldprovideasafetynetforthoseaffectedbyautomation.Finally,promotingethicalAIdevelopmentanddeployment,ensuringthatAIsystemsaredesignedtoaugmentratherthanreplacehumancapabilities,iscrucialformaximizingbenefitswhileminimizingrisks.TheintegrationofAIintosocietyisnotmerelyatechnologicalissuebutaprofoundsocio-economictransformation.Itsimpactwillbefeltacrossalllevelsoftheworkforce,fromlow-skilledlaborerstohighlyspecializedprofessionals.Whilethefutureisinherentlyuncertain,thetrajectoryofAIsuggeststhatproactivemeasuresareimperative.Byfocusingoneducation,adaptation,andethicalconsiderations,societiescanstrivetoharnesstheimmensepotentialofAIwhilesafeguardingthewell-beingoftheircitizens.ThesuccessofthisendeavorhingesonourcollectiveabilitytoanticipatechallengesandimplementstrategiesthatensurethebenefitsofAIaresharedbroadly,fosteringafuturewheretechnologyserveshumanity'sbestinterests.Directions:Inthepassagebelow,eachsentenceisfollowedbyfourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Theconceptof"hygge"(pronouncedhoo-guh),aDanishtermthattranslatesroughlytocozinessorcomfort,hasgainedsignificanttractiongloballyinrecentyears.Originatingfromaculturalemphasisoncreatingawarm,invitingatmospherethroughsimplepleasures,hyggehasmovedbeyondmerephysicalcomforttoencompassaholisticapproachtowell-being.Thisphilosophyencouragesindividualstoappreciatethepresentmoment,fosterconnectionswithothers,andfindjoyinthesmall,everydayexperiencesthatoftengounnoticedinthehustleandbustleofmodernlife.Proponentsarguethatembracinghyggeprinciplescanleadtoreducedstress,increasedhappiness,andagreatersenseofcommunity.Centraltothehyggelifestyleistheideaofcreatingasenseofcozinessthroughsensoryexperiences.Thisofteninvolvesthedeliberatearrangementofone'slivingspacetoevokewarmthandcomfort.Softblankets,warmlighting,scentedcandles,andthepresenceofhouseplantsarecommonelementsthatcontributetothisambiance.Thevisualappealofhyggeisalsoimportant,withanemphasisonsimplicityandunclutteredspacesthatpromoteafeelingofcalm.However,hyggeisnotsolelyaboutphysicalsurroundings;italsoextendstothefoodanddrinkoneconsumes.Hearty,home-cookedmealssharedwithlovedones,warmbeverageslikehotchocolateormulledwine,andthesimplepleasureofeatingtogetherareintegralpartsofthehyggeexperience,fosteringasenseofconnectionandsharedenjoyment.Thepsychologicalbenefitsassociatedwithhyggeareanotherkeyaspectofitsappeal.Byencouragingindividualstoslowdownandsavorthepresentmoment,hyggecanhelpcounteracttheconstantpressureandstressofmodernlife.Engaginginhyggeactivities,suchasreadingabookbycandlelight,takingawarmbath,orenjoyingaquieteveningathome,canpromoterelaxationandmindfulness.Thisfocusonthepresentcanalsoleadtoagreaterappreciationforthesimplethingsinlife,reducingfeelingsofanxietyandenhancingoverallwell-being.Furthermore,hygge'semphasisonsocialconnectionplaysasignificantroleinitspositiveimpact.Spendingqualitytimewithfamilyandfriends,sharingmeals,andengaginginactivitiestogetherstrengthensrelationshipsandprovidesemotionalsupport,whichiscrucialformentalhealth.Theglobalpopularityofhyggecanbeattributedtoseveralfactors,includingagrowingawarenessofmentalhealthissuesandadesireformoremeaningful,authenticexperiences.Inanincreasinglydigitalandinterconnectedworld,manypeoplefeeldisconnectedfromnatureandfromeachother,leadingthemtoseekwaystocultivateasenseofbelongingandwell-being.Hyggeoffersasimpleyetpowerfulframeworkforachievingthis,rootedinaccessiblepracticesthatcanbeincorporatedintodailyliferegardlessoflocationorresources.Additionally,theDanes'reputationforhappinessandcontentmenthasplacedhyggeinthespotlightasapotentialsecrettotheirsuccess.Whileculturalgeneralizationsmustbeapproachedwithcaution,thehyggelifestylehasresonatedwithpeopleworldwidewhoareseekingtocreateamorebalancedandfulfillingexistence.Criticsofthehyggephenomenonarguethatitcansometimesbeportrayedasasomewhatsuperficialorevennaiveapproachtowell-being,focusingtooheavilyonaestheticsandsensorycomfortwhilepotentiallyoverlookingdeepersocietalissues.Thereareconcernsthattheemphasisonindividualcozinessmightinadvertentlyreinforceasenseofisolationorneglectthesystemicfactorsthatcontributetostressandunhappiness.Moreover,thecommercializationofhygge,withitsassociationwithcertainbrandsandproducts,coulddetractfromitscoreprinciplesofsimplicityandmindfulness.Itisimportanttorecognizethathygge,likeanyculturalconcept,existsonaspectrumandcanbeinterpretedinvariousways.Whilesomemayadoptamoreconsumer-drivenapproach,othersfocusonthegenuine,heartfeltaspectsofcreatingacomfortableandconnectedlife.Ultimately,thevalueofhyggeliesinitsabilitytoinspireindividualstoprioritizetheirwell-beingandcultivateamoreintentionalandfulfillingexistence.Astheworldcontinuestograpplewiththecomplexitiesofmodernlife,thehyggephilosophyoffersacompellingalternativethatemphasizessimplicity,connection,andmindfulness.Itsfocusoncreatingasenseofcozinessandwell-beingthrougheverydaypracticesprovidesavaluableframeworkfornavigatingthechallengesofthe21stcentury.Whetherthroughphysicalsurroundings,sharedmeals,orqualitytimewithlovedones,hyggeencouragesindividualstoslowdown,appreciatethepresent,andfostermeaningfulconnections.Whileitisnotapanaceaforallsocietalills,thehyggelifestyleoffersareminderoftheimportanceoffindingjoyinthesimplethingsandprioritizingourwell-beinginanincreasinglyfast-pacedworld.Byembracingitscoreprinciples,wecancreateamorebalanced,fulfilling,andconnectedexistence.Directions:Inthepassagebelow,eachsentenceisfollowedbyfourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.TheInternetofThings(IoT)referstoavastnetworkofinterconnectedphysicaldevices,vehicles,appliances,andotherobjectsembeddedwithsensors,software,andconnectivity,enablingthemtocollectandexchangedata.Thisexpandingecosystemhasthepotentialtorevolutionizenumerousaspectsofourlives,fromsmarthomesandefficientcitiestoadvancedhealthcareandindustrialautomation.TheproliferationofIoTdevicesisdrivenbyseveralfactors,includingthedecreasingcostofsensorsandconnectivitytechnologies,theincreasingavailabilityofwirelessnetworks,andthegrowingdemandforreal-timedataandautomationacrossvarioussectors.Whilethepotentialbenefitsareimmense,thewidespreadadoptionofIoTalsoraisessignificantconcernsregardingprivacy,security,andthepotentialformisuse.OneofthemostprominentapplicationsofIoTisintherealmofsmarthomes,whereinterconnecteddevicesenablegreaterautomationandconvenience.Smartthermostats,lightingsystems,andsecuritycamerascanbecontrolledremotelyviasmartphonesorvoiceassistants,allowinghomeownerstomanagetheirhomesmoreefficientlyandcomfortably.IoT-enabledappliancescanalsocontributetoenergysavingsbyoptimizingusagepatternsbasedonreal-timedataanduserpreferences.Intheindustrialsector,IoTtechnologiesarebeingusedtoenhanceproductivity,reducedowntime,andimprovesafetythroughpredictivemaintenanceandreal-timemonitoringofmachinery.Similarly,inagriculture,IoTdevicescanmonitorsoilconditions,weatherpatterns,andcrophealth,enablingmorepreciseandsustainablefarmingpractices.TheseapplicationsdemonstratethetransformativepotentialofIoTincreatingmoreefficient,responsive,andintelligentsystems.TheimpactofIoTextendsbeyondconsumerapplicationsintocriticalinfrastructureandpublicservices.Smartcities,forinstance,leverageIoTsensorstocollectdataontrafficflow,energyconsumption,andenvironmentalconditions,enablingmoreeffectiveurbanplanningandresourcemanagement.Thisdatacanbeusedtooptimizetrafficsignaltiming,reducecongestion,andimproveairquality.IoTtechnologiesarealsoplayingacrucialroleinhealthcare,wherewearabledevicescanmonitorpatients'vitalsignsremotely,providingvaluabledatafordiagnosisandtreatment.Thiscanleadtomorepersonalizedandproactivehealthcaresolutions,potentiallyimprovingpatientoutcomesandreducingcosts.Furthermore,intherealmofdisasterresponseandemergencymanagement,IoTdevicescanprovidereal-timeinformationaboutenvironmentalhazards,helpingauthoritiestocoordinatereliefeffortsmoreeffectively.Despiteitsnumerouspotentialbenefits,thewidespreadimplementationofIoTraisesseriousconcernsaboutprivacyandsecurity.ThevastamountofdatacollectedbyIoTdevicescreatesarichtargetforhackersandmaliciousactors,potentiallyleadingtounauthorizedaccesstopersonalinformationorcontrolovercriticalinfrastructure.ThesecurityofIoTdevicesisfurthercomplicatedbytheiroftenlimitedprocessingpowerandstoragecapacity,makingitdifficulttoimplementrobustsecuritymeasures.Additionally,thedecentralizednatureoftheIoTecosystem,withnumerousdevicesandplatformsinvolved,createschallengesforeffectiveregulationandoversight.TherearealsoethicalconcernssurroundingthepotentialforIoTdevicestobeusedforsurveillanceormanipulation,raisingquestionsaboutthebalancebetweenconvenienceandindividualautonomy.AddressingtheseconcernsisessentialforensuringthatthebenefitsofIoTcanberealizedwithoutcompromisingpersonalprivacyorsecurity.ThefutureofIoTappearspoisedforcontinuedgrowthandinnovation,withpotentialapplicationsemerginginvirtuallyeverysector.AdvancementsinartificialintelligenceandmachinelearningareexpectedtoenhancethecapabilitiesofIoTdevices,enablingmoresophisticateddataanalysis,predictivemodeling,andautonomousdecision-making.Thedevelopmentof5Gnetworkswillprovidethehigh-speed,low-latencyconnectivitynecessarytosupportevenmoreIoTdevicesandapplications,particularlyinareassuchasautonomousvehiclesandindustrialautomation.Furthermore,theincreasingconvergenceofIoTwithotheremergingtechnologies,suchasblockchainandthemetaverse,promisestoopenupnewpossibilitiesforsecure,decentralized,andimmersiveexperiences.AstheIoTecosystemcontinuestoevolve,itwillbecrucialtodevelopandimplementrobustsecuritymeasures,privacy保護(hù)mechanisms,andethicalguidelinestoensurethatitspotentialisharnessedresponsiblyforthebenefitofsociety.TheInternetofThingsrepresentsaparadigmshiftinhowweinteractwiththeworldaroundus,offeringunprecedentedopportunitiesforautomation,efficiency,andinnovation.Fromsmarthomesandcitiestoadvancedhealthcareandindustrialapplications,thepotentialbenefitsofIoTarevastandfar-reaching.However,realizingthispotentialrequiresaddressingthesignificantchallengesrelatedtoprivacy,security,andethicalconsiderations.Byfosteringacollaborativeapproachinvolvingtechnologists,policymakers,andusers,wecancreateanIoTfuturethatisbothinnovativeandresponsible,enhancingourliveswhileprotectingourfundamentalrightsandfreedoms.Directions:Inthepassagebelow,eachsentenceisfollowedbyfourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Theconceptof"darkmatter"emergedinthe1930swhenastronomerFritzZwickyobservedthatthegravitationaleffectsofgalaxiessuggestedthepresenceofmuchmoremassthancouldbeaccountedforbyvisiblematteralone.Thismysterious,unseenformofmatterdoesnotemit,absorb,orreflectlight,makingitinherentlydifficulttodetectdirectly.Despiteitselusivenature,darkmatterhasbecomeoneofthemostactiveareasofresearchinastrophysics,withscientistsemployingvariousindirectmethodstoinferitsexistenceandstudyitsproperties.Theprimaryevidencefordarkmattercomesfromitsgravitationaleffectsonvisiblematter,galaxies,andthelarge-scalestructureoftheuniverse.Theseeffectsincludetherotationcurvesofgalaxies,themotionofgalaxyclusters,andthegravitationallensingoflightfromdistantobjects.Oneofthemostcompellingpiecesofevidencefordarkmattercomesfromstudyingtherotationcurvesofgalaxies.Intheouterregionsofspiralgalaxies,thestarsandgasrotateatspeedsthatcannotbeexplainedbythegravitationalpullofthevisiblematteralone.Theseobservedrotationalspeedsimplythepresenceofadditional,unseenmassexertingagravitationalforce.Thisextramass,whichcannotbeaccountedforbystars,gas,orotherobservablecomponents,isattributedtodarkmatter.Similarly,themotionsofstarswithingalaxyclustersalsoprovideevidencefordarkmatter.Thegravitationalbindingenergyrequiredtoholdthesemassiveclusterstogethersuggeststhatthetotalmassoftheclustersissignificantlygreaterthanthesumoftheirvisiblecomponents.Darkmatterappearstoformasubstantialportionofthismissingmass,playingacrucialroleintheformationandevolutionoftheselarge-scalestructures.Anotherkeylineofevidencefordarkmattercomesfromgravitationallensing,aphenomenonpredictedbyEinstein'stheoryofgeneralrelativity.Gravitationallensingoccurswhenthegravitationalfieldofamassiveobject,suchasagalaxyoraclusterofgalaxies,bendsthepathoflightfromamoredistantobjectbehindit.Observationshaverevealedthatthelensingeffectaroundgalaxyclustersisstrongerthancanbeaccountedforbythevisiblemassalone.Thisexcesslensingstrengthisattributedtothepresenceofdarkmatter,which,despitebeinginvisible,exertsagravitationalinfluenceonthelightpassingthroughitsvicinity.Bycarefullymeasuringthelensingeffects,scientistscanmapthedistributionofdarkmatterwithinthesestructures,providingvaluableinsightsintoitspropertiesandbehavior.Thenatureofdarkmatterremainsoneofthebiggestmysteriesinmodernphysics.Whileitsgravitationaleffectsarewell-established,directdetectionofdarkmatterparticleshasprovenchallenging.Variousexperiments,suchasthoseconductedatundergroundlaboratories,aimtodetectdarkmatterparticlesastheyinteractwithordinarymatter.Theseexperimentsoftenlookforrareevents,suchasthecollisionofadarkmatterparticlewithanucleus,whichwouldproduceadistinctivesignal.Despitetheseefforts,nodefinitivedarkmatterparticlehasbeendetectedtodate,leavingitsfundamentalnatureanopenquestion.Theoreticalphysicistshaveproposednumerouspossiblecandidatesfordarkmatterparticles,rangingfromweaklyinteractingmassiveparticles(WIMPs)toaxionsandevenprimordialblackholes.Eachofthesecandidateshasdistincttheoreticalpredictions,whichwouldguideexperimentaleffortsiftheywerecorrect.Thesearchfordarkmatternotonlyaimstouncoveroneoftheuniverse'smostprofoundmysteriesbutalsoholdsthepotentialtorevolutionizeourunderstandingoffundamentalphysics.Theexistenceofdarkmattersuggeststhatourcurrentunderstandingofgravityandthefundamentalconstituentsofmatterisincomplete.Understandingdarkmattercouldleadtothedevelopmentofnewphysicaltheoriesthatextendbeyondthestandardmodelofparticlephysics,whichcurrentlydescribesthebehavioroffundamentalparticlesandforces.Additionally,insightsintodarkmattercouldhaveimplicationsforcosmology,helpingtoexplainthelarge-scalestructureoftheuniverse,therateofitsexpansion,andtheultimatefateofthecosmos.Thecontinuedexplorationofdarkmatteristhereforenotonlyaquesttoansweroneofthemostpressingquestionsinastrophysicsbutalsoajourneytowardsadeeperunderstandingofthefundamentallawsgoverningtheuniverse.Thesearchfordarkmattercontinuestobeoneofthemostexcitingandchallengingendeavorsinmodernscience.Despiteitselusivenature,theevidenceforitsexistencehasbecomeincreasinglycompelling,shapingourunderstandingoftheuniverse'scompositionandevolution.Fromtherotationcurvesofgalaxiestothelensingoflightbymassiveclusters,darkmatter'sgravitationalfootprintisundeniable.Whilethedirectdetectionofdarkmatterparticlesremainselusive,theongoingeffortsofscientistsaroundtheworldaresteadilyuncoveringnewcluesandrefiningourtheoreticalmodels.Aswedelvedeeperintothiscosmicmystery,wenotonlystandtogainamorecompletepictureoftheuniversebutalsopushtheboundariesofhumanknowledge,potentiallyunlockingnewfundamentaltruthsaboutthenatureofrealityitself.試卷答案PartAReadingComprehension1.B解析：文章首句指出，人工智能（AI）的快速發(fā)展在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域都帶來了變革性的力量，并指出其既帶來了好處也引發(fā)了爭(zhēng)議。第二句進(jìn)一步闡述了這種爭(zhēng)議，即支持者認(rèn)為AI將創(chuàng)造新的工作崗位，而批評(píng)者則擔(dān)心它將導(dǎo)致大規(guī)模的失業(yè)。第三句明確指出，需要從兩個(gè)方面來理解這種復(fù)雜情況：潛在的好處和潛在的缺點(diǎn)。因此，B選項(xiàng)“人工智能的快速發(fā)展既帶來了好處也引發(fā)了爭(zhēng)議，需要從潛在的好處和潛在的缺點(diǎn)兩個(gè)方面來理解”與文章主旨一致。2.A解析：文章第四句提到，AI在制造業(yè)中的應(yīng)用，例如機(jī)器人，可以24小時(shí)不間斷地以驚人的精度運(yùn)行，從而簡(jiǎn)化生產(chǎn)線并減少錯(cuò)誤。第五句進(jìn)一步說明了AI在數(shù)據(jù)分析領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用，其算法可以比人類分析師更快、更準(zhǔn)確地處理大量數(shù)據(jù)，識(shí)別模式和生成洞察。第六句以醫(yī)療保健領(lǐng)域?yàn)槔f明AI可以幫助診斷、藥物發(fā)現(xiàn)和個(gè)性化治療計(jì)劃。這些都體現(xiàn)了AI在提高效率方面的作用。因此，A選項(xiàng)“AI在提高效率方面的作用”是文章第四、五、六句主要闡述的內(nèi)容。3.D解析：文章第七句開始討論AI帶來的負(fù)面影響，指出許多涉及重復(fù)性認(rèn)知或體力勞動(dòng)的工作容易受到自動(dòng)化的影響。第八句以客服和零售行業(yè)為例，說明AI驅(qū)動(dòng)的聊天機(jī)器人和自助結(jié)賬系統(tǒng)正在取代人類員工。第九句預(yù)測(cè)自動(dòng)駕駛汽車將徹底改變卡車運(yùn)輸甚至個(gè)人交通。第十句指出，這些發(fā)展引發(fā)了人們對(duì)數(shù)百萬工人失業(yè)的擔(dān)憂。第十一句進(jìn)一步說明，由AI創(chuàng)造的新工作往往需要不同的技能，可能使那些被取代的工人無法獲得必要的資格或機(jī)會(huì)。第十二句總結(jié)說，如果不采取積極的政策干預(yù)，短期調(diào)整期可能涉及重大困難。第十三句和第十四句從經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)角度進(jìn)一步闡述了AI可能帶來的負(fù)面影響。因此，D選項(xiàng)“AI可能導(dǎo)致大規(guī)模失業(yè)，并對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響”是對(duì)文章第七至十四句主要內(nèi)容的準(zhǔn)確概括。4.C解析：文章第十五句指出，雖然一些觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為AI將最終導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)，但短期調(diào)整期可能涉及重大困難。第十六句具體說明了這種困難，即失業(yè)率可能會(huì)上升，工資可能會(huì)下降，經(jīng)濟(jì)不平等可能會(huì)加劇。第十七句提到，與社會(huì)支持計(jì)劃相關(guān)的社會(huì)成本也是巨大的負(fù)擔(dān)。第十八句進(jìn)一步指出，AI帶來的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的利益可能不會(huì)平均分配，可能會(huì)擴(kuò)大不同社會(huì)群體和地區(qū)之間的差距。因此，C選項(xiàng)“AI驅(qū)動(dòng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)在短期內(nèi)可能帶來經(jīng)濟(jì)困難，例如失業(yè)率上升和不平等加劇”是對(duì)文章第十五至十八句主要內(nèi)容的準(zhǔn)確概括。5.B解析：文章第十九句指出，解決AI帶來的挑戰(zhàn)需要一個(gè)多方面的方法，涉及政府、教育機(jī)構(gòu)和私營部門。第二十句具體說明政府應(yīng)優(yōu)先投資于教育和職業(yè)培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目，重點(diǎn)發(fā)展不太可能被自動(dòng)化的技能。第二十一句強(qiáng)調(diào)終身學(xué)習(xí)文化的重要性，鼓勵(lì)工人在其整個(gè)職業(yè)生涯中不斷更新技能。第二十二句建議行業(yè)與教育機(jī)構(gòu)合作，調(diào)整培訓(xùn)計(jì)劃以適應(yīng)不斷變化的工作需求。第二十三句提出探索新的工作模式，例如靈活的雇傭安排或全民基本收入，可以為受自動(dòng)化影響的人提供安全網(wǎng)。第二十四句強(qiáng)調(diào)促進(jìn)符合道德的AI開發(fā)和使用的重要性，確保AI系統(tǒng)被設(shè)計(jì)為增強(qiáng)而不是取代人類能力。因此，B選項(xiàng)“解決AI帶來的挑戰(zhàn)需要政府、教育機(jī)構(gòu)和私營部門的合作，包括投資于教育、促進(jìn)終身學(xué)習(xí)和制定道德準(zhǔn)則”是對(duì)文章第十九至二十四句主要內(nèi)容的準(zhǔn)確概括。6.D解析：文章第二十五句指出，將AI集成到社會(huì)中不僅僅是技術(shù)問題，而是一場(chǎng)深刻的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型。第二十六句說明，其影響將涉及所有級(jí)別的勞動(dòng)力。第二十七句指出，雖然未來不可避免地是未知的，但AI的發(fā)展軌跡表明，采取積極的措施至關(guān)重要。第二十八句強(qiáng)調(diào)，通過關(guān)注教育、適應(yīng)和道德考量，社會(huì)可以努力利用AI的巨大潛力，同時(shí)保障公民的福祉。第二十九句總結(jié)說，這個(gè)成功取決于我們集體預(yù)測(cè)挑戰(zhàn)和實(shí)施策略的能力，以確保AI的利益得到廣泛分享，從而促進(jìn)一個(gè)技術(shù)服務(wù)于人類最佳利益的未來。因此，D選項(xiàng)“文章最后總結(jié)說，成功地將AI集成到社會(huì)中需要采取積極的措施，并確保AI的利益得到廣泛分享，從而創(chuàng)造一個(gè)更美好的未來”是對(duì)文章最后兩句主要內(nèi)容的準(zhǔn)確概括。7.C解析：文章第一段第四句指出，這種哲學(xué)鼓勵(lì)個(gè)人珍惜當(dāng)下，與他人建立聯(lián)系，并在日常生活中發(fā)現(xiàn)微小的樂趣，這些樂趣在快節(jié)奏的現(xiàn)代生活中往往被忽視。第五句進(jìn)一步說明，支持者認(rèn)為擁抱hygge原則可以減少壓力，增加幸福感，并增強(qiáng)社區(qū)聯(lián)系。因此，C選項(xiàng)“hygge哲學(xué)鼓勵(lì)人們珍惜當(dāng)下，與他人建立聯(lián)系，并在日常生活中發(fā)現(xiàn)微小的樂趣”是對(duì)文章第一段第四、五句主要內(nèi)容的準(zhǔn)確概括。8.A解析：文章第二段第二句指出，hygge的核心是通過對(duì)感官體驗(yàn)的創(chuàng)造來營造一種舒適感。第三句具體說明了這通常涉及有意識(shí)地布置居住空間以營造溫暖舒適的氛圍。第四句和第五句列舉了有助于營造這種氛圍的常見元素，例如柔軟的毯子、溫暖的光線、香味的蠟燭和室內(nèi)植物。第六句和第七句進(jìn)一步說明了hygge對(duì)視覺吸引力的重要性，以及其對(duì)食品和飲料的強(qiáng)調(diào)，例如與親人一起享用豐盛的家庭烹飪的餐點(diǎn)，以及享用熱飲，如熱巧克力或紅酒。因此，A選項(xiàng)“hygge強(qiáng)調(diào)通過感官體驗(yàn)，如溫暖的燈光、舒適的家居環(huán)境和共享的餐點(diǎn)，來營造舒適感”是對(duì)文章第二段主要內(nèi)容的準(zhǔn)確概括。9.B解析：文章第三段第二句指出，hygge通過鼓勵(lì)個(gè)人放慢腳步并欣賞當(dāng)下，可以有助于抵消現(xiàn)代生活中持續(xù)的壓力和壓力。第三句進(jìn)一步說明了這一點(diǎn)，即參與hygge活動(dòng)，例如在燭光下讀書、泡熱水澡或在家享受安靜的夜晚，可以促進(jìn)放松和正念。第四句指出，這種對(duì)當(dāng)下的關(guān)注可以導(dǎo)致對(duì)生活中簡(jiǎn)單事物的更大欣賞，從而減少焦慮并增強(qiáng)整體福祉。第五句進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)了hygge的社會(huì)方面的重要性，指出在家人和朋友身上花費(fèi)高質(zhì)量的時(shí)光、共享餐點(diǎn)和參與活動(dòng)可以加強(qiáng)關(guān)系并提供情感支持，這對(duì)心理健康至關(guān)重要。因此，B選項(xiàng)“hygge通過鼓勵(lì)人們放慢腳步、欣賞當(dāng)下和加強(qiáng)社會(huì)聯(lián)系，對(duì)心理健康有積極的影響”是對(duì)文章第三段主要內(nèi)容的準(zhǔn)確概括。10.A解析：文章第四段第一句指出，hygge在全球的流行可以歸因于人們對(duì)心理健康問題的日益關(guān)注，以及對(duì)更有意義、更真實(shí)的體驗(yàn)的渴望。第二句進(jìn)一步解釋說，在日益數(shù)字化和互聯(lián)的世界中，許多人感到與自然和彼此脫節(jié)，這促使他們尋求培養(yǎng)歸屬感和幸福感的方法。第三句指出，hygge提供了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的強(qiáng)大框架，可以融入日常生活，無論其位置或資源如何，可以滿足這種需求。第四句提到，丹麥人對(duì)幸福和滿足感的聲譽(yù)使hygge成為人們關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)，作為他們成功的一個(gè)潛在秘密。第五句補(bǔ)充說，雖然文化概括必須謹(jǐn)慎對(duì)待，但hygge生活方式已在全球范圍內(nèi)引起共鳴，人們正在尋求創(chuàng)造更平衡、更充實(shí)的生活。因此，A選項(xiàng)“hygge的全球流行源于人們對(duì)心理健康和更真實(shí)體驗(yàn)的關(guān)注，以及它提供了一種簡(jiǎn)單且強(qiáng)大的生活方式框架”是對(duì)文章第四段主要內(nèi)容的準(zhǔn)確概括。11.D解析：文章第五段第一句指出，hygge現(xiàn)象的一些批評(píng)者認(rèn)為，它有時(shí)可能被描繪成一種表面或甚至天真的方式，過于強(qiáng)調(diào)美學(xué)和感官舒適，而可能忽視了更深層次的社會(huì)問題。第二句進(jìn)一步闡述了這種擔(dān)憂，即對(duì)個(gè)人舒適度的強(qiáng)調(diào)可能無意中加劇了隔離感或忽視了導(dǎo)致壓力和不幸的系統(tǒng)因素。第三句指出，商業(yè)化的hygge與某些品牌和產(chǎn)品的聯(lián)系可能偏離其核心原則，即簡(jiǎn)單和正念。第四句總結(jié)說，雖然有些人可能采取更消費(fèi)者化的方法，但其他人則專注于營造舒適和有聯(lián)系的生活的真誠方面。最后一句指出，hygge的價(jià)值在于它能夠激發(fā)個(gè)人優(yōu)先考慮他們的幸福感和培養(yǎng)更有意義、更充實(shí)的存在。因此，D選項(xiàng)“文章最后指出，hygge的價(jià)值在于它能夠激發(fā)個(gè)人優(yōu)先考慮他們的幸福感和培養(yǎng)更有意義、更充實(shí)的存在”是對(duì)文章最后一句主要內(nèi)容的準(zhǔn)確概括。12.B解析：文章第一段第二句指出，物聯(lián)網(wǎng)（IoT）是指一個(gè)龐大的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，由互連的物理設(shè)備、車輛、電器和其他嵌入傳感器、軟件和連接性的物體組成，使它們能夠收集和交換數(shù)據(jù)。第三句進(jìn)一步說明了物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的潛力，即它有可能徹底改變我們生活的許多方面，從智能家居和高效城市到先進(jìn)的醫(yī)療保健和工業(yè)自動(dòng)化。第四句指出了物聯(lián)網(wǎng)普及的幾個(gè)因素，包括傳感器和連接技術(shù)的成本下降、無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的可用性增加，以及各個(gè)行業(yè)對(duì)實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)和自動(dòng)化日益增長(zhǎng)的需求。第五句總結(jié)說，雖然潛在的益處是巨大的，但物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的廣泛采用也引發(fā)了關(guān)于隱私、安全和潛在濫用的重大問題。因此，B選項(xiàng)“物聯(lián)網(wǎng)是一個(gè)龐大的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，由互連的設(shè)備組成，具有收集和交換數(shù)據(jù)的能力，但其廣泛采用也引發(fā)了隱私、安全和潛在濫用的重大問題”是對(duì)文章第一段主要內(nèi)容的準(zhǔn)確概括。13.A解析：文章第二段第二句指出，物聯(lián)網(wǎng)在智能家居領(lǐng)域的一個(gè)最突出的應(yīng)用是互連設(shè)備，這些設(shè)備可以實(shí)現(xiàn)更大的自動(dòng)化和便利性。第三句以智能恒溫器、照明系統(tǒng)和安全攝像頭為例，說明可以通過智能手機(jī)或語音助手遠(yuǎn)程控制它們，使業(yè)主能夠更有效地、更舒適地管理他們的家。