全國英語等級考試五級2025年完形填空專項(xiàng)試卷考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷directions:thereisapassageinthissectionwithblanks.eachblankhasfourchoicesmarkeda),b),c)andd).youshouldchoosetheonethatbestfitsintothepassage.thenmarkthecorrespondingletteronanswersheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.thehumanbrainisaremarkableorgan,capableofstoringvastamountsofinformationandperformingcomplextasks.however,itsefficiencycanbesignificantlyaffectedbyvariousfactors.onecrucialelementissleep.duringsleep,thebrainengagesinessentialprocessessuchasmemoryconsolidationandwasteclearance.withoutadequatesleep,thesefunctionsareimpaired,leadingtodifficultiesinconcentrationandlearning.stressisanotherfactorthatcannegativelyimpactcognitiveperformance.whenapersonisstressed,thebrainreleaseshormoneslikecortisol,whichcandisruptfocusandincreaseanxietylevels.poornutritionalsoplaysarole.adietlackinginessentialnutrientscanweakenbraincellsandaffectneurotransmitterproduction,therebyhinderingcommunicationbetweenneurons.finally,lackofphysicalexercisecandiminishbloodflowtothebrain,reducingitsoverallvitality.therefore,maintainingahealthylifestyle,includingsufficientsleep,managingstress,eatingnutritiousfood,andengaginginregularphysicalactivity,isvitalforoptimalbrainfunction.inthefirstparagraph,theword"remarkable"isclosestinmeaningto______.a)ordinaryb)complexc)extraordinaryd)smallthepassagesuggeststhatmemoryconsolidationprimarilyoccurs______.a)whileeatingb)duringwakinghoursc)whenthebrainisrestingd)understressfulconditionsaccordingtothepassage,whatisadirecteffectofstressonthebrain?a)improvedconcentrationb)enhancedlearningabilityc)disruptionoffocusandanxietyd)increasedhormoneproductionthephrase"hinderingcommunicationbetweenneurons"inthethirdparagraphisbestunderstoodas______.a)helpingneuronstotalktoeachotherb)makingneuronsworkfasterc)preventingneuronsfromsendingsignalsd)strengtheningneuronconnectionswhatisthemainideaofthepassage?a)Thehumanbrainisthelargestorganinthebody.b)Severalfactorscannegativelyaffectbrainefficiency.c)Eatingjunkfoodisharmfultoyourhealth.d)Physicalexerciseisunnecessaryforahealthylifestyle.howdoestheauthororganizethepassage?a)bydefiningterms,givingexamples,thensummarizingb)bystatingaproblem,providingcauses,andofferingsolutionsc)bygivingstatistics,describingeffects,andconcludingwithbenefitsd)byintroducingatopic,discussingbenefits,andrecommendingactionswhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasafactorthatcanaffectbrainfunction?a)theamountofsleepapersongetsb)thetypeofmusictheylistentoc)theirlevelsofstressd)theirphysicalactivityhabitsifapersonexperiencesdifficultiesinconcentration,thepassageimpliesthattheymightneedmore______.a)physicalexerciseb)sleepc)stressfulactivitiesd)nutrient-richfoodtheword"engaging"inthelastsentenceisclosestinmeaningto______.a)participatinginb)avoidingc)damagingd)ignoringbasedonthepassage,whichofthefollowinghabitsismostbeneficialforbrainvitality?a)eatingabalanceddietb)watchingtelevisionforhoursc)sittingstillalldayd)avoidingallphysicalactivity試卷答案1.c解析思路：根據(jù)上下文，文章開篇指出人腦是“aremarkableorgan”，意思是“非凡的”、“出色的”。選項(xiàng)c)"extraordinary"與此意思最接近。選項(xiàng)a)"ordinary"意為“普通的”，與原文意思相反；選項(xiàng)b)"complex"意為“復(fù)雜的”，雖然大腦確實(shí)復(fù)雜，但這里強(qiáng)調(diào)的是其非凡能力；選項(xiàng)d)"small"意為“小的”，與原文意思不符。2.c解析思路：根據(jù)第二段第二句“duringsleep,thebrainengagesinessentialprocessessuchasmemoryconsolidationandwasteclearance.”可知，記憶鞏固是在睡眠期間進(jìn)行的。選項(xiàng)c)"whenthebrainisresting"概括了“duringsleep”這一概念，即“當(dāng)大腦休息時(shí)”。3.c解析思路：根據(jù)第三段第二句“whenapersonisstressed,thebrainreleaseshormoneslikecortisol,whichcandisruptfocusandincreaseanxietylevels.”可知，壓力會(huì)導(dǎo)致注意力不集中和焦慮水平升高。選項(xiàng)c)"disruptionoffocusandanxiety"與原文意思一致。4.c解析思路：根據(jù)第四段“hinderingcommunicationbetweenneurons”所在句的語境“adietlackinginessentialnutrientscanweakenbraincellsandaffectneurotransmitterproduction,therebyhinderingcommunicationbetweenneurons.”可知，缺乏營養(yǎng)會(huì)影響神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)產(chǎn)生，從而“阻礙神經(jīng)元之間的溝通”。選項(xiàng)c)"preventingneuronsfromsendingsignals"意為“阻止神經(jīng)元發(fā)送信號”，這與“阻礙溝通”的意思最接近。選項(xiàng)a)意為“幫助神經(jīng)元互相交流”；選項(xiàng)b)意為“讓神經(jīng)元工作得更快”；選項(xiàng)d)意為“加強(qiáng)神經(jīng)元連接”。5.b解析思路：縱觀全文，第一段引出人腦的話題，第二段講睡眠對大腦的影響，第三段講壓力的影響，第四段講營養(yǎng)和運(yùn)動(dòng)的影響，最后一段總結(jié)強(qiáng)調(diào)保持健康生活方式的重要性。核心是講述多種因素如何對大腦效率產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。選項(xiàng)b)"Severalfactorscannegativelyaffectbrainefficiency."概括了全文主旨。6.b解析思路：分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)：第一段引出主題（大腦高效運(yùn)作）；第二段提出第一個(gè)影響因素（睡眠）；第三段提出第二個(gè)影響因素（壓力）；第四段提出第三個(gè)影響因素（營養(yǎng)）；第五段提出第四個(gè)影響因素（運(yùn)動(dòng)），并總結(jié)強(qiáng)調(diào)保持健康生活方式的重要性。這種結(jié)構(gòu)是“提出問題（隱含的，即大腦效率受影響）—列舉原因（多種因素）—總結(jié)建議”。選項(xiàng)b)"bystatingaproblem,providingcauses,andofferingsolutions"最符合這種結(jié)構(gòu)。選項(xiàng)a)的結(jié)構(gòu)（定義、例子、總結(jié)）與原文不符；選項(xiàng)c)的結(jié)構(gòu)（統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)、描述影響、結(jié)論利益）與原文不符；選項(xiàng)d)的結(jié)構(gòu)（引入話題、討論好處、推薦行動(dòng)）與原文不符。7.b解析思路：仔細(xì)閱讀全文，文章明確提到了睡眠（第一段）、壓力（第三段）、運(yùn)動(dòng)（第四段）對大腦功能的影響。選項(xiàng)a)"theamountofsleepapersongets"被提及。選項(xiàng)c)"theirlevelsofstress"被提及。選項(xiàng)d)"theirphysicalactivityhabits"被提及。選項(xiàng)b)"thetypeofmusictheylistento"在全文中沒有提到。8.b解析思路：根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句“withoutadequatesleep,thesefunctionsareimpaired,leadingtodifficultiesinconcentrationandlearning.”可知，睡眠不足會(huì)導(dǎo)致注意力困難。由此推斷，如果一個(gè)人注意力不集中，可能需要更多睡眠。選項(xiàng)b)"sleep"符合推斷。9.a解析思路：根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“therefore,maintainingahealthylifestyle,includingsufficientsleep,managingstress,eatingnutritiousfood,andengaginginregularphysicalactivity,isvitalforoptimalbrainfunction.”可知，保持健康生活方