山西晉中市2018高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解一輪編習(xí)題及參考答案A【廣東省中山市第一中學(xué)2017屆高三上學(xué)期第一次統(tǒng)測(cè)】閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。BornintheStateofNewYorkonMay14th,1984,MarkZuckerbergwasaninstantsuccess.Inhishighschoolyears,hewasconsideredoneoftopstudentsintheclassics,beforemovingintothearts,sciences,andliterature,againpickinguphighmarksandreceivingacademicpraise.ItearnedhimadmissiontoHarvardUniversity.Asarebelliousyetrelativelyquietstudent,hecreatedawebsitecalledFacemashintheuniversity–aninstantlycontroversialwebsitethatencouragedstudentstorateeachotherbasedonappearance.Thesitewascontroversialforseveralreasons.Thefirstwasitsillegaluseofphotographs,whichtheuniversityandstudentstookissuewith.Thesecondwasitscontroversialnature–noteverystudentlikebeingrankedbasedontheirappearance.Thethirdwasitshugeresourceuse–whileitwashostedonHarvardservers,itwasthemostpopularpageintheuniversity’sentirenetwork.Zuckerbergwassoonforcedtoshutthesitedown,butitspopularityandcontroversyhadmadehimconsideritsfuturepotential.HesoonturnedthesimplesiteintoapersonaloneforHarvardstudents,encouragingthemtonetworkwiththeirpeersatthecollege.Itwasthen,togetherwithhistwofriends,thattheylaunched“TheFacebook”,whichimmediatelyspreadtoothercollegesand

grewintoapublicservicethatanyonecouldaccessintheUnitedStates,whethertonetworkwithfriendsandfamily,ortoplaygames.Thepanyhasbeencriticizedfrequently,nevertheless,Zuckerberghasremainedtruetohisinitialvision–tocreateawebsitethattheentireworldcanusetomunicateopenlyandeasilywithoneanotherandtokeeptheuserexperiencecleanandpure.Theendresultisoneoftheworld’sbiggestonlinebusinesses.Althoughitstruevalueisdebatable,it’ssafetosaythatFacebook,anditscreatorMarkZuckerberg,aretwoofthetwentyfirstcentury’smostinfluential,controversial,andpotentiallypowerfulfigures.

4.WhenMarkZuckerbergwasastudent,he_____________________.A.wasoftenpraisedbyteachersforthewebsitehecreatedB.hadgoodacademicperformanceC.alonecreatedawebsitecalledFacebookD.encouragedstudentstosetupbusinesslikehim5.ThereasonwhyZuckerbergshutthesitedownwasprobablythat__________.A.hiswebsitewasnotpopularB.hewasdoubtedforthewayheusedphotographsC.heneededtimetoreconsiderhischoiceD.hestoleresourceonHarvardserver6.WhichwordscanbestdescribeZuckerberg?A.easygoingandsmart.B.quietandshy.C.talentedandoutgoing.D.rebelliousandcreative.7.Thebesttitleofthepassageshouldbe________________.A.MarkZuckerbergandhisFacebookB.TheFoundationofFacebookC.ATalentfromHarvardUniversity D.TheDevelopmentofFacebook【名師點(diǎn)睛】抓住文章主線和關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)，歸納文章中心要注意不是所有的段落都有主題句，有時(shí)主題句暗含在句中。閱讀這樣的文章，就需要自己根據(jù)文章的細(xì)節(jié)來(lái)分析，概括出段落的主題，從而推導(dǎo)出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清該段落主要講了哪幾方面的內(nèi)容，這些內(nèi)容在邏輯上有什么聯(lián)系，然后加以歸納形成主題。7小題A主旨大意題。從文章內(nèi)容和最后一段可知A項(xiàng)做標(biāo)題最合適?？键c(diǎn)：考查記敘文閱讀B（2017高考選練題）閱讀理解。Therisingprogresshasmadepositiveandnegativeimpactsontheplanet.Aginglifetime.Indecline.Scientistsorganisms.Howeveranorganismundergoeslotsofchangesoverthecourseofitslifetime.Inhumans，agingbringswithitbodyandorganweaknessandmentaldecline.Scientistshaveresearchedsomeorganisms.However，theexactprocessremainsamystery.Agriculturecrops.Onefarmers.Anotheropulationalongwiththerecentpopulationexplosionhascausedadramaticincreaseinthedemandforfoodcrops.Onewaycanbebyupgradingtheagriculturalpracticesoffarmers.Anotherwayistoresearchandproducenewervarietiesofthesefoodcrops.AntibioticResistanceprevented.Infectionsof.Butresearch.An，numerousdiseaseshavebeenprevented.Infectionsthatwouldhaveprovenfatalafewdecadesagoarenowtakencareof.Butwithtoomuchuseofantimicrobialsolutions，theinfectiousorganismsevolveandadapttooverethesesubstances，asthestrengthandefficiencyoftheseantibioticsevolvesduetomedicalresearch.Aninfectioncausedbysuchanorganismisnotonlyuntreatable，butalsoprovestobefatal.CancerMetastasiscells.Thesecancer.Theremetastatic.Thesurgery.Howevermetastatic.Notaldivisionofbodycells.Thesecellshavethepotentialtospreadtootherpartsofthebody，andspreadthecancer.Therearetwotypesoftumors—benignandmetastatic.Thebenigntumorcanbeeasilyremovedbysurgery.However，ifthecellsturnmetastatic，thatistheygaintheabilitytomovetootherpartsofthebodythroughthebloodstream，thetumorissaidtobemetastatic.Notonlyisthisconditionwithoutacure，buttheprocessbywhichitoccursisalsonotknownindetail.Researchhastobecarriedouttodeterminetheprocess.Researchonanyofthesetopicswillpromotetheunderstandingofbiologicalprocesses，andhelphumansinimprovingtheirqualityoflife.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文敘述了在生物學(xué)方面值得大力研究的四個(gè)方面。1．Researchhastobefocusedontheprocessof________． A．a(chǎn)gricultureandantibioticresistance B．a(chǎn)gingandantibioticresistance C．a(chǎn)gricultureandcancermetastasis D．a(chǎn)gingandcancermetastasis 答案D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Aging中的“However，theexactprocessremainsamystery”和CancerMetastasis的“Researchhastobecarriedouttodeterminetheprocess”可知答案。]2．Whatcontributestoantibioticresistanceaccordingtothetext? A．Progressinmedicalresearch. B．Developmentintreatmentequipment. C．Evolutionofthehumangenematerial. D．Effectspeoplehaveontheenvironment. 答案A[推理判斷題。根據(jù)AntibioticResistance可知，由于醫(yī)療科學(xué)的發(fā)展，抗生素的使用更加有效，大量的使用之后，病毒不斷進(jìn)化從而適應(yīng)了抗生素。]3．Intheauthor’sopinion，there’snothingtoworryaboutifthetumor________． A．iscontrolledinoneplace B．a(chǎn)ppearsinthebodyofothers C．isseparatedfromblood D．movestootherpartsofthebody 答案A[推理判斷題。根據(jù)CancerMetastasis中的“Thebenigntumorcanbeeasilyremovedbysurgery”可知，腫瘤分為兩種，只有轉(zhuǎn)移的才是惡性的；良性的也就是不轉(zhuǎn)移的，是可以輕易地用外科手術(shù)治療的。]4．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext? A．AdvancementintheResearchinBiology B．WaystoStudyVariousAspectsofBiology C．TopicsforResearchintheFieldofBiology D．MysteriesforResearchintheFieldofBiology 答案C[主旨大意題。通讀全文并根據(jù)最后一段可知答案。]C閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A.B.C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AbabyborninIndiahasbeendeclaredtheworld'ssevenbillionthpersonbychildrightsgroupPlanInternational.BabyNargiswasbornat07:25localtime(01:55GMT)inMallvillageinIndia'sUttarPradeshstate.PlanInternationalsaysNargishasbeenchosensymbolicallyasitisnotpossibletoknowwhereexactlythesevenbillionthbabyisborn.InadditiontobabyNargisinIndia,Bangladesh,thePhilippinesandCambodiahaveallidentifiedsevenbillionthbabies.TheUnitedNationsestimatedthatonMonday31October,theworld'spopulationwouldreachsevenbillion.PopulationsaregrowingfasterthaneconomiesinmanypoorcountriesinAfricaandsomeinAsia.Atthesametime,lowbirthratesinJapanandmanyEuropeannationshaveraisedconcernsaboutlaborshortages.PopulationexpertsattheUnitedNationsestimatedthattheworldreachedsixbillioninOctober1999.Theypredictninebillionby2050andtenbillionbytheendofthecentury.China'spopulationofoneandathirdbillioniscurrentlytheworld'slargest.Indiaissecondat1.2billion.ButIndiaisexpectedtopassChinaandreachoneandahalfbillionpeoplearound2025.Indiawillalsohaveoneoftheworld'syoungestpopulations.Economistssaythisisachanceforasocalleddemographicdividend.Indiacouldgainfromtheskillsofyoungpeopleinagrowingeconomyatatimewhenothercountrieshaveagingpopulations.Buteconomistssaycurrentratesofgrowth,althoughhigh,maynotcreateenoughjobs.Also,thepubliceducationsystemisfailingtomeetdemandandschoolingisoftenofpoorquality.Anotherconcernishealthcare.NearlyhalfofIndia'schildrenundertheageoffivearemalnourished（營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良）.MichalRutkowski,thedirectorofhumandevelopmentinSouthAsiaattheWorldBank,saysreachingsevenbillionpeopleintheworldisagoodtimeforacalltoaction.Hesays,"Ithinkthebottomlineofthestoryisthatthepublicpolicyneedstobeereally,reallyseriousaboutsexequalityandaboutaccesstoservicestofightagainstmalnutrition,andtoprovideforaccesstohealthservices,waterandschooling."11.Whatistrueabouttheworld'ssevenbillionthperson?A.BabyNargisisnottheonlychildchosenasthesevenbillionthbaby.B.BabyNargishasbeenchosencarefullysoitisexactlythesevenbillionthbabyC.Bangladesh,thePhilippinesandCambodiahavealldeclaredBabyNargisasthesevenbillionthbaby.D.TheUnitedNationsdeclaredBabyNargisborninIndia'sUttarPradeshstateastheworld'ssevenbillionthperson.12.WhichofthefollowingproblemsdomanyEuropeancountriesworryabout?A.Laborshortage.B.PoorhealthcareC.NotenoughjobsD.schoolingofpoorquality13.Accordingtopopulationexperts,howlongwillittakeforpopulationtogrowfromsixbilliontoninebillion?A.About12years.B.About40years.C.About50years.D.About110years.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“demographicdividend”inthefourthparagraphreferto?A.Possibilityoflowerbirthrate.B.Benefitgain