Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Heisverygoodatpersuadingpeople.Ibetyouwillneverbeathiminadebate(辯論)．2．Atreefellyesterdaymorning,cuttingoffthetrafficflow(流暢進(jìn)行)forthreehours.3．Uponarrivingatthebuildingonfire,thefirefightersrapidlypumped(用泵抽水)watertoputoutthefire.4．Ifyouhaveanyquestionsyouwanttoask,pleasetalktothemanageronduty(責(zé)任)．5．Idon'thaveanycash;canIpaythisbycredit(信用)card?6．Theytriedtostoptheescapeofgasfromthedamagedpipe(管道)．7．Ifyoudecidetodobusinessabroad,youshouldfirstfindoutaboutthetax(稅)situation.8．Theapplicationofthenewtechnologycangreatlyreduceraw(未經(jīng)加工的)materialconsumption.Ⅱ.拓展詞匯9．environmentaladj.環(huán)境的→environmentn．環(huán)境→environmentalistn．環(huán)境論者10．responsibilityn．責(zé)任，職責(zé)→responsibleadj.應(yīng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任的11．consultantn．顧問→consultv．咨詢；請教12．productionn．產(chǎn)量；生產(chǎn)→producevt.&vi.生產(chǎn)，制造→productn．產(chǎn)品；產(chǎn)量13．businessmann．(尤指上層)商界人員；企業(yè)家→businessn．商業(yè)，生意，營業(yè)14．beliefn．看法；信念→believevt.相信，信以為真15．operatevt.&vi.經(jīng)營；動手術(shù)→operationn．運轉(zhuǎn)，操作；手術(shù)16．willingadj.愿意的，樂意的→unwillingadj.不樂意的[巧記單詞]Ⅲ.補(bǔ)全短語1．openthefloor自由發(fā)言2．resultin導(dǎo)致3．cutbackon削減；縮減4．useup用盡5．theamountof……的數(shù)量6．runout(of)用完，耗盡7．beconcernedabout對……擔(dān)心8．a(chǎn)slongas只要9．a(chǎn)tthesametime同時；然而10．a(chǎn)skaround四處打聽1．[教材原句]WithmeareMsLinShuiqing,fromtheGreenSociety,andMrQianLiwei,abusinessdevelopmentconsultant.和我在一起的嘉賓是來自環(huán)保協(xié)會的林水清女士和企業(yè)發(fā)展顧問錢利偉先生。[句型點撥]withmeareMsLinShuiqing是部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。[佳句賞析]Inthecenterofthesquarestandsamonument.廣場中心有一座紀(jì)念碑。2．[教材原句]Theworld'spopulationhasgrownbysixtimeswhatitwasin1800.世界人口與1800年相比已經(jīng)增長了那時的六倍。[句型點撥]“sixtimes＋what從句”是一種倍數(shù)的表達(dá)結(jié)構(gòu)。[佳句賞析]Thenumberoftheruralleft-behindchildrenisfivetimeswhatitwastenyearsago.農(nóng)村留守兒童的數(shù)量是十年前的五倍。3．[教材原句]Whatiftheyrunout?如果它們被用完了怎么辦呢？[句型點撥]whatif為連詞詞組，意為“如果……怎么辦”位于句首，引導(dǎo)條件句。[佳句賞析]Whatifwepayforeachattractionindividually?假如我們每個景點單獨買票該怎么辦呢？1．(教材P22)Today'sdebatequestionis，‘Theeconomyortheenvironment—mustwechoose？’今天的辯論問題是“發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)還是保護(hù)環(huán)境——我們必須作出選擇嗎？”debate(1)n.辯論；爭論，討論adebateon/about/oversth.關(guān)于……的辯論underdebate在討論中①Recentlythelimitationtotalentshowshascausedaheateddebate.近來對選秀節(jié)目的限制引起了激烈的爭論。②Theproposalputforwardatthemeetingisunderdebate.在會議上提出的提議還在討論中。(2)vt.&vi.辯論，討論debatewithsb.on/aboutsth.就某事與某人爭辯③Theydebatedwithusforanhourontheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftheplan.他們花了一個小時和我們討論這個計劃的利與弊。[辨析比較]debate指正式的辯論，通常在一位仲裁人的主持下，按照一定的規(guī)則進(jìn)行，雙方各自陳述理由argue是指說理、論證，側(cè)重于擺出事實，試圖說服對方，也可能是激烈地交換意見，以致爭吵quarrel“爭吵，吵架”，指因小事發(fā)生口角形象記憶④Thecouplewasquarrelingaboutwhoseturnitwastocookthedinner.⑤Thegovernmentisdebatingtheeducationlaws.⑥Isawthemarguing/quarrelinginthemiddleofthestreet.2．(教材P22)Thenwewillopenthefloorfordiscussion.然后我們將展開自由討論。openthefloor自由發(fā)言askforthefloor征求發(fā)言權(quán)have/getthefloor有/取得發(fā)言權(quán)takethefloor開始發(fā)言，講話①Youcanopentheflooratthemeetingandexpressyourself.在會議上你可以自由發(fā)言，闡述自己的觀點。②Afteranhour'sformaldebate,thechairopened_the_floorandmadeafinaldiscussion.經(jīng)過一個小時的正式辯論之后，主席發(fā)了言并作出了最終的裁決。③Everyoneaskedforthefloorinthewarmdiscussion.在熱烈的討論中，人人都要求發(fā)言。④China'sForeignMinisterWangYithentook_the_floorandansweredthejournalists'questions.中國外交部長王毅隨后講話并回答了記者的提問。3．(教材P22)Itisourdutytotrytocutbackonproductionandreducethenumberofthingswemakeandbuy.我們有義務(wù)去盡量削減生產(chǎn)，減少制造和購買物品的數(shù)量。cutbackon(＝cutdownon)減少，削減，縮減cutdown砍倒；減少cutin插嘴；強(qiáng)行超車cutoff切除，剪下，切斷，斷絕cutout切去，剪去；刪掉cutup切碎①Tosavemoney,wehavetocutbackonourpublicspending.為了節(jié)省開支，我們不得不減少公共花費。②Weopposeanyplantocutbackontheeducationbudget.我們反對任何消減教育預(yù)算的計劃。③Hecutinonourconversationfromtimetotime.我們談話時他不時地插話。④Whatworriesusisthatthisisthethirdtimetheelectricityhasbeencutoffthisweek.讓我們擔(dān)憂的是這已經(jīng)是一周內(nèi)的第三次停電了。4．(教材P23)Theythinkofgreedybusinessmenhidingfromtheirresponsibilitiesandonlyworryingaboutmoney.他們會想到那些逃避責(zé)任、只想著賺錢的貪婪的商人。responsibilityn．責(zé)任，職責(zé)，義務(wù)(1)haveresponsibilityfor對……負(fù)有責(zé)任takeresponsibilityfor負(fù)起……的責(zé)任(2)beresponsiblefor對……負(fù)責(zé)①Thefatherofafamilyshouldhavemoresenseofresponsibility.一家之父更應(yīng)有責(zé)任感。②Powerinvariablymeansbothresponsibilityanddanger.(TheodoreRoosevelt,Americanpresident)實力永遠(yuǎn)意味著責(zé)任和危險。(美國總統(tǒng)西奧多·羅斯福)③Theyshouldtaketheirresponsibilitiesforthelostchild.他們應(yīng)該為孩子的丟失負(fù)責(zé)任。④Thebusdriverisresponsible(responsibility)forthepassengers'safety.公共汽車司機(jī)要對乘客的安全負(fù)責(zé)。5．(教材P23)Peopleoftenhavethisbeliefthatdevelopmentisbadfortheenvironment,butthisdoesnothavetobetrue.人們常常認(rèn)為經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展對環(huán)境有害，但這不一定是正確的。beliefn．看法；信念；信仰；宗教信條...thebeliefthat...相信……beyondbelief難以置信的；不可思議的①Contrarytopopularbelief,hewasnotresponsibleforthetragedy.與大家的看法相反，他對這出悲劇沒有責(zé)任。②HecametomeinthebeliefthatIcouldhelphim.他到我這里來是相信我能幫助他。③Theconditionstheyarelivinginarebeyondbelief.他們的居住條件令人難以置信。6．(教材P23)Thepeopleoperatingthesefactoriesaredeeplyconcernedabouttheenvironment.開辦這些工廠的人對環(huán)境非常關(guān)心。operate(1)vt.操作，經(jīng)營①Theairlineoperatesflightsto25countries.這家航空公司經(jīng)營飛往25個國家的航班。(2)vi.動手術(shù)；經(jīng)營；工作，運轉(zhuǎn)operatewell/badly運轉(zhuǎn)好/壞operateonsb.(forsth.)(因……)給某人動手術(shù)②Somepeoplecanonlyoperatewellunderpressure.有些人只有在壓力下才工作得好。③Thedoctorsaidthatthepatienthadtobe_operated(operate)onatonce,whichmadeusallworried.醫(yī)生說這個病人必須立刻做手術(shù)，這使我們都非常擔(dān)心。7．(教材P23)MsLinsuggestedweshouldcutbackonthequantityofthingsweproduceinordertosavetheenvironment.林女士建議我們應(yīng)當(dāng)縮減生產(chǎn)量來拯救環(huán)境。quantityn.數(shù)量；大量，大批quantitiesof...許多，大量……alarge/smallquantityof...大量/少量……inlarge/smallquantities大量地/少量地inquantity大量，許多①Thedataislimitedintermsofbothqualityandquantity.這份資料在質(zhì)量和數(shù)量上都很有限。②Quantitiesoffoodwere(be)spreadoutonthetable.許多食品被攤放在桌子上。③TherewasalargequantityofsingleswhoattendedShanghai'slargestmatchmakingeventlastweekend.上周末，許多單身青年參加了上海規(guī)模最大的相親大會。④It'scheapertobuygoodsinquantity.大宗購物比較便宜。[名師點津]alargequantityof修飾名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；largequantitiesof修飾名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。用法相同的還有：anamountof＋不可數(shù)名詞＋謂語動詞(單數(shù))amountsof＋不可數(shù)名詞＋謂語動詞(復(fù)數(shù))8．(教材P23)Askingaround,Ifindmanypeoplewillingtopayalittlehigherpriceforthingsthatarefriendlytotheenvironment.我問過周圍的人，發(fā)現(xiàn)許多人都愿意支付稍高一些的價錢來購買環(huán)保產(chǎn)品。willingadj.愿意的，樂意的；自愿的(1)bewillingtodosth.愿意做某事(2)beunwillingtodosth.不愿意做某事①Agreatmanisalwayswillingtobelittle.(R.W.Emerson)偉大的人物總是愿意當(dāng)小人物。(愛默生)②IfIhavethekeytothedoorofhappiness,Iamwillingto_share(share)itwithyou.如果我有幸福之門的鑰匙，我愿與你分享。③Shewasunable,orunwilling(willing)togivemeanyfurtherdetailsoftheearthquake.她不能，或不愿意，向我進(jìn)一步提供這次地震的細(xì)節(jié)。9．(教材P25)Thenumberofpeopleintheworldkeepsgrowing,andweareproducingmorerubbishandusingupmorerawmaterials.世界的人口在不斷地增長，并且我們正在制造更多的垃圾、用光了更多的原材料。useup用盡，吃(喝)光①We'refearfulthatenergywillbeusedupsoon.我們擔(dān)心能源很快會被用光。②Don'tuseupallthemilk.Weneedsomefortomorrow.別把所有的牛奶喝光了。留點明天喝。[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]“動詞＋up”表示“……完/盡”，請完成下列短語：①drinkup喝光②burnup燒完/光③cleanup打掃干凈④eatup吃光10．(教材P25)Whatiftheyrunout?如果它們被用完了怎么辦呢？runout用完，耗盡①Mymoneyhasrunout,soIhavetodrawsomefromthebank.我的錢用光了，所以我得從銀行里提一些。②Twoweekspassedandmypatiencewasrunningout.兩周過去了，我有點忍無可忍了。[辨析比較]runout表示“被用完，被耗盡”，是不及物動詞短語，主語通常是物，不用于被動語態(tài)runoutof表示“用完……”，是及物動詞短語，主語通常是人選擇上述詞語填空③Timeisrunning_outfortheworkerstrappedinthemine.被困在礦井下的工人時間不多了。④Shehasrun_out_ofhermoneyandmineisrunning_out.她已用光了她的錢，我的錢也快用光了。[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]表示“用完，耗盡”的短語還有：①give_out＝runout②use_up＝runoutof11．Theworld'spopulationhasgrownbysixtimeswhatitwasin1800.世界人口與1800年相比已增長了那時的六倍。(1)句中“sixtimes＋what從句”是一種倍數(shù)的表達(dá)結(jié)構(gòu)。①Thecarfactorycanproducethreetimeswhatitdidfiveyearsago.這家小汽車廠現(xiàn)在的產(chǎn)量是五年前的三倍。(2)倍數(shù)表達(dá)法的其他結(jié)構(gòu)：A：倍數(shù)＋as＋形容詞或副詞原級＋as...②Thisroomistwiceaslargeasthatone.這個房間有那個房間的兩倍大。B：倍數(shù)＋形容詞或副詞的比較級＋than...③Thecarrunstwice_faster_thanthattruck.這輛小轎車的速度比那輛卡車快兩倍。C：倍數(shù)＋thesize/length/width/height...＋of④Thisbookisthreetimesthelengthofthatone.這本書的篇幅是那本書的三倍。D：thesize/length...＋be＋倍數(shù)＋that/thoseof...⑤Thelengthofthishouseisthree_times_that_oftheredone.這座房子的長度是那個紅房子的三倍。12．Whatiftheyrunout?如果它們被用完了怎么辦呢？(1)whatif為連詞詞組，表示“如果……怎么辦”或“即使……又有什么關(guān)系”，位于句首，引導(dǎo)條件句。句中可以用陳述語氣，也可用虛擬語氣。whatif可看成是whatwouldsb.doif...,whatwouldhappenif...或whatdoesitmatterif...的省略。①Whatifitrainswhenwecan'tgetundershelter?假若下起雨來，我們又沒處避雨怎么辦？②What_iftherumoristrue?萬一謠傳是真的呢？③Whatifwegoandseeafilmthisafternoon?今天下午我們?nèi)タ磮鲭娪霸趺礃樱?2)類似whatif的常用省略結(jié)構(gòu)Howe...？怎么會……？What/Howabout...……怎么樣？Sowhat那又怎樣？Whatfor為何目的？④IfshespentfiveyearsinPairs,how_eherFrenchissobad?既然她在巴黎待了五年，她的法語怎么還會這樣糟糕？⑤Howabouttakingawalkafterdinner?晚飯后去散散步怎么樣？⑥—Youarelateagain.—Sowhat?——你又遲到了。Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Weplantosavemoremoneyforthenewhouse,sowehavetocutbackoneverydayexpense.2．Youdon'thavetheflooratthemeeting,becauseyouareonlyachild.3．Thenaughtyboyfellfromthetreeandbrokehisleg.Nowheishavinghislegoperated(operate)on.4．Asyouknow,anyparentiswillingto_do(do)whatheorshecantohelphisorherchildevenifthechildisnotgood.5．Youngchildrenarenotabletotellrightfromwrongcorrectly,soitistheteacher'sorparents'responsibility(responsible)toteachthemto.6．Theworkerhadafingercutoffbythemachinehewasoperating.7．Wedebatedonthequestiontilllateintothenight.8．Inthepast,wildlifeofallkindsexistedinlargequantities(quantity)whileonlyafewkindsremainedasaresultofenvironmentalpollution.9．Theyhadtostophalfwaybecausetheyhaduseduptheoil.10．Totheircredit,thefourcountriesworktogetherinsomeareas,butstillhaveverydifferentinstitutions.11．Inanopensociety,peopleenjoypletefreedomofdifferentreligiousbeliefs(believe),aslongastheydon'tdoharmtothestabilityofthesocietyanditspeople.12．Wedon'tallowsmoking(smoke)inourhouse.13．Hesuddenlyfoundhimselfsurrounded(surround)bychildren.14．Wecouldnotconvincehimofhismistake.15．Thereisnosaying(say)whetherwecanfinishthejobaccordingtotheschedule.Ⅱ.選詞填空cutbackon,openthefloor,runout,largequantitiesof,flowinto,beconcernedabout,bewillingto,whatif1．It'simportanttoawakebusinessmen'sawarenessofenvironmentbecauselarge_quantities_ofpoisonousgasarecausedbytraffics.2．Onlyinthiswaycanthepublicbe_willing_tojoininthe“SavePowerandReduceCarbonDioxide”activity.3．Attheendofthemeeting,we'llopen_the_floorfordiscussion.4．Wehavetofindalternativeenergybeforethefossilfuelsrun_out.5．Peopleare_concerned_abouttheenvironmentalproblemssuchasglobalwarming.6．Speakingofpollution,Ithinkofwastewaterflowing_intoriversthroughpipes.7．What_ifitrainstomorrow?Shallwecalloffthematch?8．Myfatherusedtobeaheavysmoker,butnowhehas_cut_back_onsmoking.Ⅲ.根據(jù)漢語提示，選用練習(xí)Ⅱ中的句子完成語段訓(xùn)練對于環(huán)保問題，我們應(yīng)該怎么做？首先，喚醒商人的環(huán)保意識很重要。因為大量的有毒氣體是由交通車輛造成的。如果他們有環(huán)保意識，他們就可能設(shè)法生產(chǎn)環(huán)保汽車。其次，我們應(yīng)該讓公眾知道保護(hù)環(huán)境的重要性，這樣公眾才能愿意加入到“節(jié)能低碳”活動中。Whatshouldwedoastoenvironmentalprotection?Firstofall,it'simportanttoawakebusinessmen'sawarenessofenvironmentbecauselargequantitiesofpoisonousgasarecausedbytraffics.Iftheyhaveenvironmentalconception,theymaytrytomaketheenvironmentalcars.Secondly,weshouldletthepublicknowtheimportanceofprotectingenvironmentandonlyinthiswaycanthepublicbewillingtojoininthe“SavePowerandReduceCarbonDioxide”activity.Ⅰ.根據(jù)首字母或漢語提示寫出單詞的正確形式1．Friendshipisalwaysasweetresponsibility(責(zé)任)neveranopportunity.2．Recycling(回收利用)isgoodfortheenvironment,butitcostsalotofmoney.3．Production(產(chǎn)量)ofputershasincreaseddoubleinthelastfewyears.4．TheSpringFestivalisapproaching(接近),andwearebusypreparingforit.5．Constructionoftherailwayshelpedtodevelopthenationaleconomies(經(jīng)濟(jì))ofTanzaniaandZambia.6．Thedrivergotinjuredsobadlythatheneededoperatingonwithoutdelay.7．Nothingistoodifficulttoawillingheart.8．AfteralongdebatetheHouseofmonsapprovedthebill.9．TheYellowRiveroriginatesinthewestandflowseastwardsintothesea.10．AsfarasIamconcerned,_youcandowhatyoulike.Ⅱ.完成句子1．這家工廠現(xiàn)在的產(chǎn)量是10年前的3倍。Nowtheproductionofthisfactoryisthree_times_what_it_wastenyearsago.2．他總是樂于助人，因為他以助人為樂。He_is_willing_to_help_others,_becauseheconsidersitapleasuretohelpothers.3．那項艱巨的工作做完后，老板就開始了裁員。Afterthehardjobwasfinished,thebossbegan_to_cut_back_on_workers.4．除了一個書包外，我還給了他一支鋼筆和一支鉛筆。In_addition_to_a_schoolbag,_Igavehimapenandapencil.5．花園里只剩下少量的花了。Thereisonlya_small_quantity_of_flowersleftinthegarden.Ⅲ.完形填空PerhapsfortyyearsagoSadieleftherdrunkandviolenthusband.Needingshelterforherselfandheryoungsonshetooka__1__inahousingprojectfor__2__people.Eventually,shegottoknowtheresidents.Oneredisent,Archie,didn'thavea__3__ofhisownbuthisnephew'swifeandherkidswould__4__andhelptheoldguyfromtimetotime.SadiehelpedcareforArchieashebattled__5__anditwasshewhocalledthedoctorwhodiagnosedhiscancer.Timepassed.Sadie'ssongrewup,got__6__andsettledseveralhundredmilesaway.Sadieretiredand__7__intoanicelittlehomeofherown.To__8__thelonelinessshetookinaseriesof__9__overtheyears.Hercurrentdog,Muffin,withabadtemper,__10__pullsattheendofhislead.Sowhenaheavyfallofsnowcameayearandahalfagoshewas__11__whenaneighbourofferedto__12__thedog;justsoshewouldn'tbepulledoffherfeetandbreaka__13__.Andeachdayhewouldspendawhiletalkingtoher,seeingifshewas__14__，checkingifsheneededanything.Butinallthetimeshe'sknownhim，Sadieneverreallythoughttowonderwhathislast__15__was.Thismorningsheasked.HissurnamewasthesameasoldArchie's.Shewas__16__todiscoverthemanwhohadbeen“caring”forherforthepastyearandahalfhadbeenoneofthelittlekidswhousedto__17__“UncleArchie”andtrampmudupanddownthestairsshehadto__18__.Shehadcaredforhisfamily,nowhewascaringforher.Neitherofthem__19__ituntilthatmomentbuttheywerelivingproofoftheoldsaying,Whatgoesaroundesaround,andthecircleof__20__willnotbebroken!語篇解讀：四十年以前薩迪在貧困潦倒時到一家養(yǎng)老院工作，在那里結(jié)識了一位孤寡老人。薩迪給予了老人無微不至地關(guān)懷，而四十年后，老人的侄子又幫助了薩迪，愛心得到了傳遞。1．A.seatB．jobC．pictureD．trip解析：聯(lián)系空前的“Needingshelterforherselfandheryoungson”可知，她在一家養(yǎng)老院找到了一份工作以解決衣食居住問題。答案：B2．A.elderlyB．foreignC．youngD．foolish解析：聯(lián)系下文的“helptheoldguyfromtimetotime”可知，這是一家專門為老年人服務(wù)的機(jī)構(gòu)。答案：A3．A.conductorB．hopeC．familyD．friend解析：從本空后的只有他的侄子一家來看望并且?guī)椭赏茢啵哼@位老人沒有家人。答案：C4．A.lookupB．getroundC．passbyD．dropin解析：老人獨自在養(yǎng)老院的這段日子里，他的侄子一家人經(jīng)常來看望他。dropin“看望；拜訪”。lookup“查詢；抬頭看”；getround“四處走動”；passby“經(jīng)過”，均不符合語境。答案：D5．A.pollutionB．illnessC．dangerD．trouble解析：聯(lián)系下文的“diagnosedhiscancer”可知，薩迪幫助阿奇與病魔抗?fàn)帯４鸢福築6．A.marriedB．dressedC．a(chǎn)ccustomedD．lost解析：聯(lián)系“grewup”和“settledseveralhundredmilesaway”可知，許多年過后，薩迪的孩子長大成家了，然后移居到了外地。答案：A7．A.steppedB．settledC．brokeD．looked解析：聯(lián)系空后的“anicelittlehomeofherown”可知，薩迪退休了，她一個人住在一間小房子里。答案：B8．A.judgeB．divideC．easeD．show解析：聯(lián)系空后的“theloneliness”以及她養(yǎng)狗可知，為了緩解孤獨感，幾年來她連續(xù)養(yǎng)了幾只狗。答案：C9．A.beggarsB．catsC．childrenD．dogs解析：聯(lián)系下文“Heycurrentdog”可知，她養(yǎng)了幾只狗。答案：D10．A.sometimesB．a(chǎn)lwaysC．seldomD．never解析：由本空前“withabadtemper”可知，她現(xiàn)在的這條狗總是撒野，拖拽主人。答案：B11．A.pleasedB．interestedC．concernedD．determined解析：聯(lián)系上下文可知，薩迪現(xiàn)在的這條狗很兇猛，一年半前薩迪被它拖拽摔在雪地上，所以當(dāng)有人提出幫她遛狗的時候，她應(yīng)該很高興。答案：A12．AfortB．trainC．walkD．feed解析：walkthedog“遛狗”，為固定表達(dá)。答案：C13．A.promiseB．secretC．doorD．bone解析：有人幫她遛狗，這樣就避免了她被狗拉倒造成骨折。答案：C14．A.busyB．patientC．okayD．quiet解析：每天，他都會陪她說會兒話，看看她身體是否還好。答案：C15．A.nameB．chanceC．dayD．word解析：聯(lián)系后文的“Thismorningsheasked.HissurnamewasthesameasoldArchie's.”可知，有相當(dāng)長的一段時間，她從來沒有想到問他叫什么。lastname＝surname，意為“姓”。答案：A16．A.worriedB．surprisedC．satisfiedD．encouraged解析：她非常驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)，那個人竟然就是多年以前自己照顧的老阿奇的孩子之一。答案：B17．A.inviteB．protectC．supportD．visit解析：與前文的dropin相呼應(yīng)可知，此處應(yīng)選visit。答案：D18．A.countB．climbC．buildD．clean解析：聯(lián)系空前的“trampmudupanddownthestairs”可知，他們那個時候經(jīng)常把她負(fù)責(zé)打掃的樓梯踩臟。答案：D19．A.cutB．gaveC．knewD．picked解析：直到那一刻，兩個人才知道他們是互相幫助，這真應(yīng)了那句話“善有善報”。答案：C20．A.kindnessB．knowledgeC．powerD．courage解析：通讀全文可知，文章講了一種善舉——幫助他人。這種善舉永遠(yuǎn)不會終止。答案：AⅣ.閱讀理解Whyshouldmankindexplorespace?Whyshouldmoney,timeandeffortbespentexploringandresearchingsomethingwithsofewapparentbenefits?WhyshouldresourcesbespentonspaceratherthanonconditionsandpeopleonEarth?Thesearequestionsthat,understandably,areveryoftenasked.Perhapsthebestanswerliesinourgeneticmakeup(基因構(gòu)成)ashumanbeings.Whatdroveourancestorstomovefromthetreesintotheplains,andonintoallpossibleareasandenvironments?Thewiderthespreadofaspecies,thebetteritschanceofsurvival.Perhapsthebestreasonforexploringspaceisthisgenetictendencytoexpandwhereverpossible.Nearlyeverysuccessfulcivilizationhasexplored,becausebydoingso,anydangersinsurroundingareascanbeidentifiedandpreparedfor.Withoutknowledge,wemaybepletelydestroyedbythedanger.Withknowledge,wecanlessenitseffects.Explorationalsoallowsmineralsandotherpotential(潛在的)resourcestobefound.Evenifwehavenoimmediateneedofthem,theywillperhapsbeusefullater.Resourcesmaybemorethanphysicalpossessions.Knowledgeortechniqueshavebeenacquiredthroughexploration.Thetechniquesmayhavemedicalapplicationswhichcanimprovethelengthorqualityofourlives.Wehavealreadybenefitedfromotherspin-offsincludingimprovementsinearthquakeprediction,insatellitesforweatherforecastingandinmunicationssystems.Evennon-stickpansandmirroredsunglassesareby-products(副產(chǎn)品)oftechnologicaldevelopmentsinthespaceindustry!Whilemanyresourcesarespentonwhatseemsasmallreturn,theexplorationofspaceallowscreative,braveandintelligentmembersofourspeciestofocusonwhatmayservetosaveus.Whilespacemayholdmanywondersandexplanationsofhowtheuniversewasformedorhowitworks,italsoholdsdangers.Thedangerexists,butknowledgecanhelphumanbeingstosurvive.Withouttheabilitytoreachoutacrossspace,thechancetosaveourselvesmightnotexist.WhileEarthistheonlyplanetknowntosupportlife,surelytheadaptiveabilityofhumanswouldallowustoliveonotherplanets.Itistruethatthelifestylewouldbedifferent,buthumanlifeandcultureshaveadaptedinthepastandsurelycouldinthefuture.語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文，向我們闡述了人類進(jìn)行太空探索的原因。人類的基因構(gòu)成決定了人類探索其他領(lǐng)域包括太空的能力。人類探索太空可能暫時沒有多大用處，但是在將來這可能會幫助人類生存下去。1．WhydoestheauthormentionthequestionsinParagraph1?A．Toexpresshisdoubts.B．Toparedifferentideas.C．Tointroducepointsfordiscussion.D．TodescribetheconditionsonEarth.解析：推理判斷題。作者在第一段提出問題目的是引出下面要討論的話題。答案：C2．WhatisthereasonforexploringspacebasedonParagraph2?A．Humansarenature-borntodoso.B．Humanshavethetendencytofight.C．Humansmayfindnewsourcesoffood.D．Humansdon'tliketostayinthesameplace.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句可知，人類探索太空的原因是其基因的構(gòu)成。答案：A3．Theunderlinedword“spin-offs”inParagraph4probablyrefersto________.A．survivalchancesB．potentialresourcesC．unexpectedbenefitsD．physicalpossessions解析：詞義猜測題。后面所說的“improvementsinearthquakeprediction,insatellitesforweatherforecastingandinmunicationssystems”可知此處的畫線短語意為“益處，好處”。答案：C4．Whichofthestatementscanbestsumupthepassage?A．Spaceexplorationhascreatedmanywonders.B．Spaceexplorationprovidesthebestvalueformoney.C．Spaceexplorationcanbenefitscienceandtechnology.D．Spaceexplorationmayhelpusavoidpotentialproblem