2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解真題解析沖刺押題卷考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______PartADirections:Inthefollowingpassage,therearefivesentencesmarkedA,B,C,DandE.Choosethebestone(s)tofillineachoftheblankstocompletethepassage.Therearetwoextrasentenceswhichdonotfitinanyoftheblanks.MarkyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)haspromptedconsiderabledebateregardingitssocietalimpact.__________,someviewAIasatransformativeforcecapableofdramaticallyenhancingproductivityandimprovinghumanlife.ProponentsarguethatAIsystemscanautomatemundanetasks,freeinguphumanpotentialformorecreativeandstrategicendeavors.Furthermore,AIholdspromiseinfieldslikemedicine,whereitcanassistindiagnosisandthedevelopmentofpersonalizedtreatments,potentiallysavingcountlesslives.However,thepotentialdownsidescannotbeignored.__________,concernsexistaboutjobdisplacementasAIalgorithmsbecomeincreasinglysophisticatedandcapableofperformingtaskstraditionallydonebyhumans.ThereisalsoapprehensionregardingtheethicalimplicationsofAIdecision-makingprocesses,particularlyregardingbiasandtransparency.Beyondeconomicandethicalconsiderations,theenvironmentalfootprintoftraininglargeAImodelsraisessignificantconcerns.__________,theracetodevelopcutting-edgeAItechnologiessometimesoccursattheexpenseofadequatepublicdiscourseandlong-termplanningregardingtheirintegrationintosociety.ThispotentialfornegativeconsequencesnecessitatesabalancedandcautiousapproachtoAIdevelopmentanddeployment.Whileharnessingitsbenefitsiscrucial,mitigatingtherisksisequallyimportanttoensureafuturewhereAIserveshumanityconstructively.ManyexpertsadvocateforrobustregulatoryframeworksandethicalguidelinestosteerthedevelopmentofAIinabeneficialdirection.__________,fosteringasymbioticrelationshipbetweenhumaningenuityandartificialintelligencewillbekeytomaximizingpositiveoutcomesandminimizingpotentialharms.Thechallengeliesinnavigatingthiscomplexlandscapewisely.A)Ontheotherhand,significantchallengesandrisksaccompanythistechnologicalprogress.B)Consequently,thedevelopmentandapplicationofAImustbeguidedbycarefulconsiderationandresponsiblegovernance.C)Undeniably,theintegrationofAIintovariousaspectsofsocietyisalreadyunderwayatanacceleratedpace.D)Indeed,thepotentialformisuseorunintendednegativeconsequencesposesaseriousthreattosocietalwell-being.E)Moreover,theaccessibilityandaffordabilityofAItechnologiesremainsignificanthurdlesformanyregionsandindividuals.F)AsAIsystemsbecomemoreprevalent,questionsaboutdatasecurityandprivacyalsocometotheforefrontofpublicconcern.G)TheultimatesuccessofAIwilldependonourcollectiveabilitytoanticipateandaddressthesemultifacetedchallengesproactively.PartBDirections:Inthefollowingpassage,therearesevensentencesmarkedA,B,C,D,E,FandG.Writedownthenumberofeachsentenceintheorderinwhichtheyshouldappearinthecompletedpassage.PleasewriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.Theconceptof"darkmatter"emergedfromobservationsthatthegravitationaleffectsintheuniverseweremuchstrongerthancouldbeaccountedforbythevisiblematteralone.__________(A).Earlystudiesfocusedongalaxies,whereastronomersnoticedthattheouterregionsrotatedfasterthanexpectedbasedonthevisiblemasstheycontained.__________(B).Toexplainthisdiscrepancy,scientistsproposedtheexistenceofaninvisibleformofmatter,whichtheytermed"darkmatter,"asitdoesnotemit,absorb,orreflectlight.__________(C).Furtherevidencefordarkmattercamefromthestudyofgravitationallensing,wherethelightfromdistantobjectsisbentaroundmassivegalaxyclustersinawaythatsuggeststhepresenceofmuchmoremassthanisvisible.__________(D).Despiteitsname,darkmatterisnotatheoreticalentitybutratheraplaceholderfortheunknownphysicalsubstancecausingtheseobservedeffects.__________(E).Whileitsnatureremainsoneofthegreatmysteriesinmodernphysics,darkmatterisnowconsideredacrucialcomponentoftheuniverse,makingupabout27%ofitstotalmass-energycontent.__________(F).Ongoingexperiments,suchasthoseusingparticleacceleratorsandcosmicraydetectors,aimtodirectlydetecttheparticlesthatmightconstitutedarkmatter.__________(G).Understandingitspropertiesanddistributionisvitalforcomprehendingthelarge-scalestructureformationandtheultimatefateoftheuniverse.PartCDirections:Readthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsentences(orsegments)intoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheet.Theveryessenceofscientificinquiryliesnotintheaccumulationoffacts,butintherelentlessquestioningofestablishednormsandthepursuitofdeeperunderstanding.__________(1).Itisthisspiritofskepticismandexplorationthatdrivesresearcherstochallengeprevailingtheories,oftenconfrontingsignificantskepticismorevenridiculefromtheirpeers.__________(2).Moreover,thescientificmethoditselfisinherentlyself-correcting,relyingontheprocessofhypothesisformulation,experimentation,observation,andpeerreviewtoiterativelyrefineknowledgeandeliminatefalsehoods.Throughouthistory,paradigmshiftshaveoccurredwhenaccumulatedevidenceforcesafundamentalreevaluationofhowweperceivetheworld,sometimesoverturninglong-heldbeliefs.__________(3).Suchtransformations,whileoftenmetwithresistance,ultimatelydemonstratethedynamicandevolvingnatureofhumanknowledge.Thetruemeasureofascientificcontribution,therefore,liesnotmerelyinthenoveltyoftheinitialideabutinitsabilitytowithstandrigorousscrutinyandstimulatefurtherinquirywithinthescientificcommunity.---試卷答案PartA1.C2.A3.D4.B5.EPartB3142756PartC（1）科學(xué)探究的精髓不在于事實的積累，而在于對既定規(guī)范的不斷質(zhì)疑和對更深層理解的追求。（2）更重要的是，科學(xué)方法本身具有內(nèi)在的自我糾正能力，它依賴于假設(shè)的提出、實驗、觀察和同行評審的過程，以迭代地完善知識并消除謬誤。（3）這種轉(zhuǎn)變雖然在歷史上往往伴隨著阻力，但最終證明了人類知識的動態(tài)性和發(fā)展性。解析思路PartA1.C:空前提到AI的“considerabledebate”，空后提到“someviewAIasatransformativeforce”，這表明空處應(yīng)引出對AI的另一面或不同的看法，作為接下來的討論起點。選項C“Undeniably,theintegrationofAIintovariousaspectsofsocietyisalreadyunderwayatanacceleratedpace.”（不可否認(rèn)，AI正加速融入社會各個方面）起到了承上啟下的作用，引出后面關(guān)于AI好處和壞處的討論，符合邏輯順序。2.A:空前提到“proponentsarguethatAIholdspromise”，空后提到“However,thepotentialdownsidescannotbeignored”，這里需要一個轉(zhuǎn)折詞或句子來引出AI的負面問題。選項A“Ontheotherhand,significantchallengesandrisksaccompanythistechnologicalprogress.”（另一方面，這項技術(shù)進步伴隨著重大的挑戰(zhàn)和風(fēng)險）用“Ontheotherhand”（另一方面）進行轉(zhuǎn)折，引出AI的挑戰(zhàn)和風(fēng)險，與前后文銜接自然。3.D:空前后分別提到了AI的“jobdisplacement”和“ethicalimplications”，接著提到“environmentalfootprint”，這些都是在討論AI的“potentialdownsides”。選項D“Indeed,thepotentialformisuseorunintendednegativeconsequencesposesaseriousthreattosocietalwell-being.”（確實，AI被濫用或產(chǎn)生意外負面后果的潛力對社會福祉構(gòu)成嚴(yán)重威脅）進一步列舉了負面后果（misuseorunintendednegativeconsequences），是對前面風(fēng)險討論的深化，邏輯上應(yīng)緊隨其后。4.B:空前提到了AI帶來的“potentialfornegativeconsequencesnecessitatesabalancedandcautiousapproach”，空后提到了“robustregulatoryframeworksandethicalguidelines”。這說明空處是在提出應(yīng)對前面所述風(fēng)險的方法或建議。選項B“Consequently,thedevelopmentandapplicationofAImustbeguidedbycarefulconsiderationandresponsiblegovernance.”（因此，AI的開發(fā)和應(yīng)用必須受到審慎考慮和負責(zé)任治理的指導(dǎo)）提出了具體的應(yīng)對措施（carefulconsiderationandresponsiblegovernance），是對前面問題的回應(yīng)，應(yīng)填入此處。5.E:空后提到了“fosteringasymbioticrelationshipbetweenhumaningenuityandartificialintelligence”，這是在討論如何“maximizingpositiveoutcomes”。選項E“Moreover,theaccessibilityandaffordabilityofAItechnologiesremainsignificanthurdlesformanyregionsandindividuals.”（此外，AI技術(shù)的可及性和負擔(dān)性對許多地區(qū)和個人仍然是重大障礙）討論的是實現(xiàn)共贏面臨的另一個挑戰(zhàn)（hurdles），放在這里引出后面如何實現(xiàn)共贏的話題，邏輯合適。PartB通讀全文后，可以看出文章是關(guān)于暗物質(zhì)理論的提出、證據(jù)、性質(zhì)、意義及研究現(xiàn)狀。按照邏輯順序排列如下：3.Theconceptof"darkmatter"emergedfromobservationsthatthegravitationaleffectsintheuniverseweremuchstrongerthancouldbeaccountedforbythevisiblematteralone.（暗物質(zhì)的概念源于觀察，即宇宙中的引力效應(yīng)強于僅由可見物質(zhì)解釋的效應(yīng)。）——引出主題。1.Earlystudiesfocusedongalaxies,whereastronomersnoticedthattheouterregionsrotatedfasterthanexpectedbasedonthevisiblemasstheycontained.（早期研究集中在星系，天文學(xué)家注意到其外層旋轉(zhuǎn)速度比基于其可見質(zhì)量預(yù)期的要快。）——提供早期證據(jù)。4.Toexplainthisdiscrepancy,scientistsproposedtheexistenceofaninvisibleformofmatter,whichtheytermed"darkmatter,"asitdoesnotemit,absorb,orreflectlight.（為了解釋這種差異，科學(xué)家們提出了存在一種不可見物質(zhì)形式的理論，并將其稱為“暗物質(zhì)”，因為它不發(fā)射、吸收或反射光。）——提出解釋。2.Furtherevidencefordarkmattercamefromthestudyofgravitationallensing,wherethelightfromdistantobjectsisbentaroundmassivegalaxyclustersinawaythatsuggeststhepresenceofmuchmoremassthanisvisible.（對暗物質(zhì)的進一步證據(jù)來自引力透鏡效應(yīng)的研究，即來自遙遠天體的光線在繞過巨大的星系團時發(fā)生彎曲，這種方式表明存在比可見的更多的質(zhì)量。）——提供更多證據(jù)。7.TheultimatesuccessofAIwilldependonourcollectiveabilitytoanticipateandaddressthesemultifacetedchallengesproactively.（AI的最終成功將取決于我們集體主動預(yù)見和應(yīng)對這些多方面挑戰(zhàn)的能力。）——（此句在當(dāng)前語境下邏輯關(guān)系不強，可能是干擾項或文章其他部分內(nèi)容）。5.Despiteitsname,darkmatterisnotatheoreticalentitybutratheraplaceholderfortheunknownphysicalsubstancecausingtheseobservedeffects.（盡管有這個名字，暗物質(zhì)不是一個理論實體，而是一個占位符，代表引起這些