2025年高中英語閱讀理解專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練試卷考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______第一部分閱讀理解ALastyear,agroupofstudentsfromaprestigiousuniversityintheUnitedStatesdecidedtoaddresstheissueoffoodwasteontheircampus.Theynoticedthatasignificantamountofuneatenfoodwasbeingthrownawayinthedininghallsandbystudentslivinginresidencehalls.Concernedaboutboththeenvironmentalimpactandthefinancialcost,theylaunchedacampaigncalled"Reduce,Reuse,Recycle:FightFoodWaste."Thecampaignhadthreemaincomponents.First,theyeducatedthecampuscommunityabouttheproblemoffoodwasteanditsconsequences,suchascontributingtogreenhousegasemissionswhenorganicwastedecomposesinlandfills.Second,theyorganizedcollectionpointswherestudentscoulddonateleftoverfoodtolocalcharitiesorcommunitygroups.Third,theyworkedwiththeuniversity'sdiningservicestoreduceportionsizesandoffermorediversemenuoptions,hopingthiswouldencouragestudentstoeatmoreofwhattheywereservedandwasteless.Theinitiativegainedsignificantsupportfrombothstudentsanduniversityadministrators.Withinthefirstmonth,thecollectionpointsyieldedover500poundsoffoodforthoseinneed.Thedininghallsalsoreportedanoticeabledecreaseintheamountoffoodbeingdiscarded.Thecampaignhighlightedtheimportanceofindividualactioninmakingacollectivedifferenceanddemonstratedhowasimpleidea,whenimplementedeffectively,couldhaveapositiveimpactonthecommunityandtheenvironment.1.Whatwastheprimaryreasonthestudentsstartedthecampaign?2.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeconsequencesoffoodwaste?3.Whatwerethethreemaincomponentsofthecampaign?4.Howdidthecampaignbenefitthelocalcommunity?5.Whatisthemainmessageconveyedbythestory?BTheconceptof"hygge"(pronouncedhoo-gah)hasgainedpopularityinrecentyears,particularlyinWesterncountries,aspeopleseekwaystocombatstressandenhancewell-being.OriginatingfromDenmark,acountryconsistentlyrankedamongthehappiestintheworld,hyggeisatermthatencompassesafeelingofcoziness,comfort,andcontentment.Itisnotjustaboutphysicalwarmthbutalsoaboutcreatingasenseofintimacyandconnectionwiththepeoplearoundyou.Hyggecanbeexperiencedinmanysimpleways.Itmightinvolvelightingcandles,burningwoodinafireplace,orgatheringaroundacoffeetablewithlovedones.Itcouldbeenjoyingawarmdrinkwhilereadingabook,havingahome-cookedmeal,orsimplytakingtimetorelaxandappreciatethepresentmoment.Thekeytohyggeistofocusonthesmallpleasuresinlifeandtocreateaatmospherethatmakesyoufeelsafe,comfortable,andhappy.Proponentsofhyggebelievethatitcanhelpreducestress,improvementalhealth,andstrengthensocialbonds.Byemphasizingtheimportanceofqualitytimespentwithlovedonesandtheappreciationofsimplepleasures,hyggeoffersacounterbalancetothefast-paced,oftenoverwhelmingnatureofmodernlife.Whetherit'saquieteveningathomeoracozyoutdoorgathering,hyggeencouragespeopletoslowdown,connectwithothers,andfindjoyintheeveryday.6.Wheredoestheconceptofhyggeoriginatefrom?7.Whataresomeexamplesofactivitiesthatcancreateahyggeatmosphere?8.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomebenefitsofpracticinghygge?9.Howdoeshyggeofferacounterbalancetomodernlife?10.Whatistheessentialcharacteristicofhygge?CTheriseofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedaglobalconversationaboutitspotentialbenefitsandchallenges.WhileAIhasthepotentialtorevolutionizemanyindustries,fromhealthcaretotransportation,italsoraisesconcernsaboutjobdisplacement,ethicalimplications,andthepotentialformisuse.NavigatingthiscomplexlandscaperequirescarefulconsiderationandproactivemeasurestoensurethatAIisdevelopedanddeployedresponsibly.OneofthemostsignificantpotentialbenefitsofAIisitsabilitytoimproveefficiencyandproductivity.Inhealthcare,AI-powereddiagnostictoolscananalyzemedicalimageswithgreateraccuracythanhumanradiologists,potentiallyleadingtoearlierdetectionofdiseaseslikecancer.Intransportation,self-drivingcarshavethepotentialtoreduceaccidentscausedbyhumanerrorandmakeroadssaferforeveryone.AIcanalsohelpoptimizesupplychains,reduceenergyconsumption,andsolvecomplexscientificproblems.However,thesebenefitsmustbeweighedagainstthepotentialrisks.OnemajorconcernistheimpactofAIonemployment.AsAIsystemsbecomemoresophisticated,theymayreplacehumanworkersincertainjobs,leadingtounemploymentandeconomicinequality.TherearealsoethicalconcernsaboutbiasinAIalgorithms,whichcanperpetuateexistingsocietalinequalitiesifnotcarefullydesignedandmonitored.Additionally,thepotentialforAItobeusedformaliciouspurposes,suchasautonomousweaponsorsurveillancesystems,presentsasignificantsecuritychallenge.11.WhatisonepotentialbenefitofAIinhealthcare?12.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeconcernsrelatedtotheriseofAI?13.WhyisitimportanttodevelopanddeployAIresponsibly?14.WhatisapotentialriskofusingAIintransportation?15.WhatisthemainchallengementionedregardingtheethicaluseofAI?第二部分閱讀理解DInrecentyears,theconceptof"mindfulness"hasmovedfromthefringesofsocietytothemainstream,withincreasingnumbersofpeopleincorporatingitintotheirdailyroutines.Mindfulness,thepracticeofintentionallyfocusingonthepresentmomentwithoutjudgment,hasbeenshowntohavenumerousbenefitsforbothmentalandphysicalhealth.Thesebenefitshaveledtoitsintegrationintovariousfields,includingeducation,business,andhealthcare.Thepracticeofmindfulnesscantakemanyforms.Somepeoplemeditateforseveralminuteseachday,focusingontheirbreathoraspecificobjecttoanchortheirattentioninthepresent.Otherspracticemindfulnessthroughyoga,whichcombinesphysicalpostures,breathingexercises,andmeditationtopromoterelaxationandmindfulness.Yetanotherapproachistoengageinmindfulnessthroughoutthedaybypayingfullattentiontoactivitiessuchaseating,walking,orlisteningtosomeoneelsespeak.Researchhasdemonstratedthatmindfulnesscanhelpreducestress,anxiety,anddepression.Byfocusingonthepresentmoment,mindfulnesscanhelpindividualsbreakfreefromcyclesofnegativethinkingandrumination.Itcanalsoimproveconcentration,memory,andoverallcognitivefunction.Inadditiontothesementalhealthbenefits,mindfulnesshasbeenshowntohavepositiveeffectsonphysicalhealth,includinglowerbloodpressure,reducedchronicpain,andimprovedimmunefunction.16.Whatismindfulness?17.Howcanmindfulnessbepracticed?18.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomementalhealthbenefitsofmindfulness?19.Whatisonewaymindfulnesscanpositivelyimpactphysicalhealth?20.Whyhasmindfulnessbecomemorepopularinrecentyears?ETheArcticregionisoneofthemostremoteandfragileecosystemsonEarth.Itishometouniquespeciesofplantsandanimalsthathaveadaptedtotheharsh,coldenvironment,anditplaysacrucialroleinregulatingtheplanet'sclimate.However,theArcticisfacingunprecedentedchallengesduetoclimatechange,whichiscausingtheregiontowarmatafasterratethanalmostanywhereelseontheglobe.OneofthemostsignificantimpactsofclimatechangeontheArcticisthemeltingofseaice.Thismeltisnotonlythreateningthesurvivalofspeciessuchaspolarbears,whichrelyonseaiceforhunting,butalsohasglobalconsequences.Thelossofseaicealtersoceancurrentsandweatherpatterns,potentiallyleadingtomoreextremeweathereventsinotherpartsoftheworld.Additionally,themeltingpermafrostreleasestrappedgreenhousegases,furtheracceleratingglobalwarming.ThelossofArcticicealsohaseconomicimplications.Theregionisrichinnaturalresources,includingoil,gas,andminerals,andastheicemelts,newshippingroutesareopeningup,potentiallytransformingtheArcticintoanewfrontierforeconomicactivity.However,thisdevelopmentcarriessignificantenvironmentalrisks,includingthepotentialforoilspillsandotherpollutionthatcoulddevastatethefragileecosystem.21.WhatisonewaythatclimatechangeisaffectingtheArctic?22.Howdoesthemeltingofseaicethreatenpolarbears?23.Whataresomeglobalconsequencesofthelossofseaice?24.WhateconomicopportunitiesareopeningupintheArcticduetomeltingice?25.WhatisthemainenvironmentalriskassociatedwitheconomicdevelopmentintheArctic?---試卷答案A1.Theprimaryreasonthestudentsstartedthecampaignwasthattheynoticedasignificantamountofuneatenfoodwasbeingthrownawayinthedininghallsandbystudentslivinginresidencehalls.解析：文章第一段明確指出，學(xué)生們啟動(dòng)活動(dòng)是因?yàn)樗麄冏⒁獾绞程煤退奚崂镉写罅渴ｏ埍蝗拥簟?.Accordingtothepassage,someconsequencesoffoodwastearecontributingtogreenhousegasemissionswhenorganicwastedecomposesinlandfills.解析：文章第一段提到，食物浪費(fèi)會(huì)導(dǎo)致有機(jī)垃圾在填埋場(chǎng)分解時(shí)產(chǎn)生溫室氣體。3.Thethreemaincomponentsofthecampaignwereeducatingthecampuscommunityabouttheproblemoffoodwasteanditsconsequences,organizingcollectionpointswherestudentscoulddonateleftoverfoodtolocalcharitiesorcommunitygroups,andworkingwiththeuniversity'sdiningservicestoreduceportionsizesandoffermorediversemenuoptions.解析：文章第二段詳細(xì)列出了活動(dòng)的三個(gè)組成部分。4.Howthecampaignbenefitedthelocalcommunitywasthatityieldedover500poundsoffoodforthoseinneed.解析：文章第三段提到，活動(dòng)第一個(gè)月收集了超過500磅的食物捐贈(zèng)給有需要的人，這直接幫助了當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)。5.Themainmessageconveyedbythestoryisthatindividualactioncanmakeacollectivedifferenceinaddressingcommunityandenvironmentalissueswhenimplementedeffectively.解析：文章最后一句強(qiáng)調(diào)了簡(jiǎn)單想法有效實(shí)施時(shí)，個(gè)人行動(dòng)如何能對(duì)社區(qū)和環(huán)境產(chǎn)生積極影響。B6.TheconceptofhyggeoriginatesfromDenmark.解析：文章第一段明確指出，“hygge”起源于丹麥。7.Someexamplesofactivitiesthatcancreateahyggeatmospherearelightingcandles,burningwoodinafireplace,gatheringaroundacoffeetablewithlovedones,enjoyingawarmdrinkwhilereadingabook,havingahome-cookedmeal,orsimplytakingtimetorelaxandappreciatethepresentmoment.解析：文章第二段列舉了多種營(yíng)造“hygge”氛圍的活動(dòng)。8.Accordingtothepassage,somebenefitsofpracticinghyggearereducingstress,improvingmentalhealth,andstrengtheningsocialbonds.解析：文章第三段提到，“hygge”的倡導(dǎo)者認(rèn)為它有助于減少壓力、改善心理健康和加強(qiáng)社交聯(lián)系。9.Hyggeoffersacounterbalancetomodernlifebyemphasizingtheimportanceofqualitytimespentwithlovedonesandtheappreciationofsimplepleasures,encouragingpeopletoslowdown,connectwithothers,andfindjoyintheeveryday.解析：文章第三段解釋了“hygge”如何通過強(qiáng)調(diào)與親友共度的優(yōu)質(zhì)時(shí)間和欣賞簡(jiǎn)單樂趣，為現(xiàn)代生活提供平衡，鼓勵(lì)人們放慢腳步、與他人聯(lián)系并在日常生活中尋找快樂。10.Theessentialcharacteristicofhyggeiscreatingafeelingofcoziness,comfort,andcontentment,focusingonthesmallpleasuresinlife,andcreatinganatmospherethatmakesyoufeelsafe,comfortable,andhappy.解析：文章第一、二、三段綜合描述了“hygge”的核心特征：營(yíng)造舒適、愜意、滿足的感覺，關(guān)注生活中的小樂趣，創(chuàng)造讓你感到安全、舒適和快樂的氛圍。C11.OnepotentialbenefitofAIinhealthcareisthatAI-powereddiagnostictoolscananalyzemedicalimageswithgreateraccuracythanhumanradiologists,potentiallyleadingtoearlierdetectionofdiseaseslikecancer.解析：文章第二段提到，AI在醫(yī)療方面的潛在好處之一是AI驅(qū)動(dòng)的診斷工具能比人類放射科醫(yī)生更準(zhǔn)確地分析醫(yī)學(xué)影像，可能實(shí)現(xiàn)癌癥等疾病的早期發(fā)現(xiàn)。12.Accordingtothepassage,someconcernsrelatedtotheriseofAIarejobdisplacementasAIsystemsmayreplacehumanworkersincertainjobs,ethicalconcernsaboutbiasinAIalgorithms,andthepotentialforAItobeusedformaliciouspurposessuchasautonomousweaponsorsurveillancesystems.解析：文章第三段列出了關(guān)于AI興起的一些擔(dān)憂：就業(yè)置換（AI系統(tǒng)可能取代某些工作的人類員工）、AI算法中的偏見等倫理問題，以及AI被用于惡意目的（如自主武器或監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)）的潛力。13.ItisimportanttodevelopanddeployAIresponsiblybecauseAIhasthepotentialtorevolutionizemanyindustriesandcanhavesignificantimpactsonsociety,theeconomy,andtheenvironment,andproactivemeasuresareneededtoensurethatAIbenefitshumanitywithoutcausingharm.解析：文章第四段強(qiáng)調(diào)負(fù)責(zé)任地發(fā)展和部署AI的重要性，因?yàn)锳I有潛力改變?cè)S多行業(yè)，并對(duì)社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)和環(huán)境產(chǎn)生重大影響，需要采取主動(dòng)措施確保AI造福人類而不造成傷害。14.ApotentialriskofusingAIintransportationisthatself-drivingcarsmayreplacehumandriversincertainjobs,leadingtounemploymentandeconomicinequality.解析：文章第二段提到，AI在交通方面的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之一是自動(dòng)駕駛汽車可能取代人類司機(jī)，導(dǎo)致失業(yè)和經(jīng)濟(jì)不平等。（雖然原文主要提到事故風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，但解析基于文章第二段提及的就業(yè)影響風(fēng)險(xiǎn)）15.ThemainchallengementionedregardingtheethicaluseofAIisaddressingpotentialbiasinAIalgorithms,whichcanperpetuateexistingsocietalinequalitiesifnotcarefullydesignedandmonitored.解析：文章第三段指出，關(guān)于AI倫理使用的主要挑戰(zhàn)是解決AI算法中的潛在偏見問題，如果不仔細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)和監(jiān)控，這種偏見可能會(huì)加劇現(xiàn)有的社會(huì)不平等。D16.Mindfulnessisintentionallyfocusingonthepresentmomentwithoutjudgment.解析：文章第一段對(duì)“mindfulness”的定義是：有意識(shí)地專注于當(dāng)下，不加評(píng)判。17.Mindfulnesscanbepracticedbymeditatingforseveralminuteseachday,focusingonthebreathoraspecificobjecttoanchorattentioninthepresent,practicingmindfulnessthroughyoga,whichcombinesphysicalpostures,breathingexercises,andmeditation,orengaginginmindfulnessthroughoutthedaybypayingfullattentiontoactivitiessuchaseating,walking,orlisteningtosomeoneelsespeak.解析：文章第二段列舉了多種練習(xí)“mindfulness”的方式，包括冥想、瑜伽以及在日?；顒?dòng)中全神貫注。18.Accordingtothepassage,somementalhealthbenefitsofmindfulnessarereducingstress,anxiety,anddepression,breakingfreefromcyclesofnegativethinkingandrumination,improvingconcentration,memory,andoverallcognitivefunction.解析：文章第三段提到，研究證明，“mindfulness”可以減少壓力、焦慮和抑郁，幫助人們擺脫負(fù)面思維和反芻循環(huán)，提高注意力和記憶力等認(rèn)知功能。19.Onewaymindfulnesscanpositivelyimpact