專(zhuān)題六應(yīng)用文（二）——非書(shū)信類(lèi)和電子郵件類(lèi)【題型把握】語(yǔ)言得體的文章，這不僅要求考生有豐富的詞匯和語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，而且要求考生有較強(qiáng)的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力和邏輯思維能力。1．2020年山東省和海南省使用全國(guó)新高考卷，其中寫(xiě)作部分分為兩節(jié)：應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作與讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)。2．浙江省作為高考綜合改革的試點(diǎn)省份，從2016年10月份開(kāi)始，正式啟動(dòng)外語(yǔ)科目一年兩次考試，其中英語(yǔ)學(xué)科高考書(shū)面表達(dá)部分除應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作外，首次引入了讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)和概要寫(xiě)作兩種新的寫(xiě)作題型，并在不同考次中不定期交替使用。3．全國(guó)卷書(shū)面表達(dá)的命題方式主要有提綱式作文、圖表/圖畫(huà)式作文、(半)開(kāi)放式作文，但以提綱式作文為主。近三年高考中，全國(guó)卷書(shū)面表達(dá)考查的文體以應(yīng)用文居多，以應(yīng)用文為載體考查記敘、議論、2020事類(lèi)記敘文。4．題材內(nèi)容貼近生活，關(guān)注社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)，與中學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)、生活密切相關(guān)?！究季V解讀及命題趨勢(shì)】新高考會(huì)改變“相對(duì)固化的命題模式”，應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作的體裁越來(lái)越不局限于單純的書(shū)信等應(yīng)用文體。報(bào)刊投稿、宣傳稿、新聞報(bào)道類(lèi)、人物描寫(xiě)和敘事短文在近幾年新高考卷、浙江卷和全國(guó)卷中開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)。對(duì)于各種文體的寫(xiě)作，在備考中要做好充分的準(zhǔn)備。非書(shū)信類(lèi)和電子郵件類(lèi)【知識(shí)清單】1．倡議書(shū)倡議書(shū)屬于應(yīng)用文的一種，是為倡議或是發(fā)起某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)而寫(xiě)的號(hào)召性的公開(kāi)提議性的專(zhuān)用文體。倡議書(shū)一般由標(biāo)題、稱(chēng)呼、正文、結(jié)尾、落款五部分組成。具體寫(xiě)作結(jié)構(gòu)為：2．演講稿/發(fā)言稿演講/發(fā)言是進(jìn)行宣傳和思想交流的一種重要方式，/發(fā)言人常常提前寫(xiě)出文稿。要寫(xiě)好演講稿/發(fā)言稿，必須明確下列幾點(diǎn)：(1)明確演講/發(fā)言對(duì)象。要了解聽(tīng)眾的思想狀況和愿望要求等，要認(rèn)真考慮如何切入更具說(shuō)服力，更容易令人接受。(2)明確演講/發(fā)言主題。無(wú)論是從舉例到說(shuō)理，還是從說(shuō)理到舉例，都要圍繞一個(gè)中心來(lái)講。(3)明確自我立場(chǎng)。觀點(diǎn)要鮮明，是贊成還是反對(duì)，不能含糊其詞、模棱兩可，要以理服人，舉例要恰當(dāng)、典型，條理要清晰，結(jié)構(gòu)要嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，首尾要呼應(yīng)。(4)明確語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)。演講稿/發(fā)言稿不同于其他文體，要合乎口語(yǔ)的表達(dá)習(xí)慣，句子不宜太長(zhǎng)，以免給聽(tīng)眾造成困擾。3．通知(1)題型指導(dǎo)通知是上級(jí)對(duì)下級(jí)、組織對(duì)成員布置工作、傳達(dá)情況或告訴公眾某件事情等時(shí)使用的一種應(yīng)用文體，通常分為口頭通知和書(shū)面通知兩種?？陬^通知即以口頭的形式表達(dá)通知的內(nèi)容。這種通知開(kāi)頭應(yīng)有稱(chēng)呼語(yǔ)，正式場(chǎng)合用Ladiesandgentlemen(女士們、先生們),有時(shí)也可以用Boysandgirls或Comradesandfriends(同志們、朋友們)等。開(kāi)頭常有提醒聽(tīng)眾注意的開(kāi)場(chǎng)白，如Attention,please.或MayIhaveyourattention,please？或Ihaveanannouncementtomake.等；結(jié)尾常說(shuō)That'sall.Thankyou.或Thankyou(forlistening)．等，以示禮貌。口頭通知無(wú)須說(shuō)明發(fā)布通知的日期和發(fā)布通知的人或單位。寫(xiě)書(shū)面通知時(shí)，一般情況下，要在首行中央寫(xiě)上Notice或Announcement。通知的發(fā)布單位常寫(xiě)在正文結(jié)束的右下角，發(fā)布通知的日期一般寫(xiě)在Notice或Announcement略。口頭通知和書(shū)面通知都是宣布即將發(fā)生的事情及其具體內(nèi)容，因而多用將來(lái)時(shí)；一般用祈使句來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)。通知的語(yǔ)言要簡(jiǎn)潔明了，條理清晰，準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤，時(shí)間尤為重要，必須寫(xiě)得十分明確。(2)常用寫(xiě)作模板①口頭通知Ladiesandgentlemen，Yourattention,please.Ihavesomethingtotellyou.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Pleaseremember：Time：Place：Thankyouforlistening.②書(shū)面通知NoticeInorderto______，______istobeheldon______(日期),at______(具體時(shí)間)in______(地點(diǎn))．Whoeverisinterestedinitiswelcometoattend.Thosewhowanttotakepartin______pleasesignupatStudentUnion.Pleaseremember______.TheStudentUnion4．征文投稿類(lèi)征文投稿類(lèi)文章一般都是就某個(gè)特定主題進(jìn)行論述和描寫(xiě)，以議論文和記敘文為多，其結(jié)構(gòu)通常如下。5．廣告宣傳及海報(bào)類(lèi)廣告是商品銷(xiāo)售的一種宣傳方式，目的是使消費(fèi)者對(duì)某種產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)生興趣，從而說(shuō)服和誘據(jù)活動(dòng)的主題，從時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、目的、措施及預(yù)期目標(biāo)等方面進(jìn)行說(shuō)明，并發(fā)出倡導(dǎo)。6．事物介紹類(lèi)事物介紹類(lèi)涉及的范圍很廣，如節(jié)日介紹、介紹喜歡的書(shū)、雜志、介紹自己喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)和音樂(lè)等?！緦?zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)】1．假定你是李華，上周六你校組織學(xué)生到“農(nóng)耕文化主題公園”參觀。請(qǐng)你為校英文報(bào)寫(xiě)一篇報(bào)道，內(nèi)容包括：1.活動(dòng)過(guò)程；2.活動(dòng)反響。注意：1.報(bào)道標(biāo)題自擬；2.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；3.適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫?！敬鸢浮緼nUnforgettableVisitLastSaturday,anextraordinaryoutingwasorganizedbyourschooltotheCultureParkthemedonfarming.Thatmorning,ahalf-hourdrivewitnessedtheexhilarationofthestudentsandteachers.Uponarrival,weweregreetedbyvariousfarmingtoolsandstaffdressedasfarmerswhoworkedthelandintheold-fashionedway.Theexperienceofweedinginthefieldfirsthandhighlightedthevisitwhilethecontestof“FunKnowledgeonFarming”markeditsend,immersingusintheseaofjoy.Thisactivityissowell-receivedthatbothteachersandstudentsexpectmoreofthiskind.【詳解】本篇書(shū)面表達(dá)屬于新聞報(bào)道，要求考生為校英文報(bào)寫(xiě)一篇報(bào)道，報(bào)道上周六你校組織學(xué)生到“農(nóng)耕文化主題公園”的參觀活動(dòng)。1.詞匯積累興奮：exhilaration→thrill/excitement各種各樣的：various→varietiesof比賽：contest→competition高興：joy→delight2.句式拓展簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句原句：LastSaturday,anextraordinaryoutingwasorganizedbyourschooltotheCultureParkthemedonfarming.拓展句：LastSaturday,anextraordinaryoutingwasorganizedbyourschooltotheCultureParkwhichwasthemedonfarming.2你校今年英語(yǔ)節(jié)將舉行以“Goodbookscanaffectourlife”“好書(shū)”。請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)一篇短文投稿，內(nèi)容包括：(1)書(shū)籍的重要性;(2)你喜歡的書(shū)籍類(lèi)型;(3)讀書(shū)給你帶來(lái)的好處。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，使行文連貫。Goodbookscanaffectourlife【答案】OnepossibleversionGoodBooksCanAffectOurLifeItisuniversallyacknowledgedthatbooksareofvitalimportance,withoutwhichourlifewouldbelonely,monotonousandcolorless.Booksaretolifewhatwateristofish.Thereareawidevarietyofbooks,rangingfromscience,art,culturetohistory,amongwhichcultureisalwaysmyfavoritewithitsnoveltyanduniqueness.Booksonculturehavefoundtheirwayintoeveryaspectofmylife.Tobeginwith,bookreadingenrichesmyextracurricularlifeandgivesmeasenseoffulfillment.Furthermore,Icanaccumulateabundantknowledgeaboutvariouscultureswithoutgoingout.Finally,roamingintheoceanofknowledgeandmakingacomparisonbetweendifferentculturescanbroadenmyhorizons,thusinstructingmetoviewthingsfromdifferentperspectives.AsFrancisBacononcesaid,readingmakesafullman.Agoodbookcanaffectourlifeinonewayoranother.Toliveanenjoyableandmeaningfullife,let’sreadmoregoodbooks!【詳解】“Goodbookscanaffectourlife”容包括：書(shū)籍的重要性、你喜歡的書(shū)籍類(lèi)型和讀書(shū)給你帶來(lái)的好處。1.詞匯積累重要性：importance→significance給予：give→offer此外：Furthermore→Inaddition影響：affect→influence2.句式拓展簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句原句：Finally,roamingintheoceanofknowledgeandmakingacomparisonbetweendifferentculturescanbroadenmyhorizons,thusinstructingmetoviewthingsfromdifferentperspectives.拓展句：Finally,roamingintheoceanofknowledgeandmakingacomparisonbetweendifferentculturescanbroadenmyhorizons,whichinstructsmetoviewthingsfromdifferentperspectives.3．假設(shè)你是某中學(xué)高三畢業(yè)生李津，你將作為畢業(yè)生代表在校園英語(yǔ)節(jié)晚會(huì)上用英文作一簡(jiǎn)短的告別演講，內(nèi)容包括：（1）對(duì)獲得的幫助表示感謝；（2）對(duì)學(xué)弟、學(xué)妹的建議；（3）努力學(xué)習(xí)，實(shí)現(xiàn)人生夢(mèng)想；（4）對(duì)母校和老師的祝福。注意：（1）詞數(shù)不少于100；（2）可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；（3）開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Myteachersandfellowstudents,Inacoupleofweeks,we’llsaygoodbyetoourmotherschool.Howtimeflies!Asaseniorthreestudent,Ihavemuchtosharewithyou.Thankyou.【答案】Onepossibleversion:Myteachersandfellowstudents,Inacoupleofweeks,we’llsaygoodbyetoourmotherschool.Howtimeflies!Asaseniorthreestudent,Ihavemuchtosharewithyou.Firstly,Iwouldliketoshowmyappreciationtothosestandingbymealltheway,teachers,parentsandfriendsincluded.Withouttheirhelpandadvice,mylifewouldbedifferent.Secondly,Ihopethatalltheyoungerfellowscanmakefulluseoftime,becausetimeandtidewaitfornoman.Aboveall,I’vemadeupmymindtomakeeveryefforttostudy,forIbelievehardworkisthekeytosuccess.Justastheoldsayinggoes,“nopains,nogains.”Finally,onbehalfofallthegraduatespresenthere,letmeextendoursincerewishesforourmotherschoolandrespectableteachers.Thankyou!【詳解】1.詞匯積累想要：want→wouldlike感謝：thanks→appreciation建議：suggestion→advice希望：wish→hope2.句式拓展簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句原句：Asaseniorthreestudent,Ihavemuchtosharewithyou.拓展句：Asaseniorthreestudent,IhavemuchthatIwanttosharewithyou.4．假定你是校學(xué)生會(huì)主席李華，你校本周五將舉辦一場(chǎng)關(guān)于消防安全（firesafety）知識(shí)的講座，請(qǐng)你代表校學(xué)生會(huì)寫(xiě)一則通知。內(nèi)容包括：1.講座的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)；2.講座的內(nèi)容；3.歡迎大家積極參加。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：滅火器fireextinguisher火災(zāi)逃生演練fireescapedrillNoticeStudents’Union【答案】Tohelpyouknowmoreaboutfiresafety,alectureisscheduledtokickoffat3pminthelecturehallthisFriday.NoticeFirstly,thefiremaninvitedwillintroducethepossiblecausesofafire.Thenhewillshowushowtouseafireextinguisher,andhowtosoundthealarm.Finally,afireescapedrillisarrangedtoensureusstudentstolearntherightstepstotakeincaseafirebreaksout.Thereissuretobeofgreatsignificance.Docomeandattendthelecture.Students’Union【詳解】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。要求考生就本周五將舉辦一場(chǎng)關(guān)于消防安全（firesafety）知識(shí)的講座寫(xiě)一則通知。1.詞匯積累幫助：help→assist啟動(dòng)：kickoff→begin/launch/start確保：ensure→guarantee/makesure參加：attend→takepartin2.句式拓展簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句原句：Tohelpyouknowmoreaboutfiresafety,alectureisscheduledtokickoffat3pminthelecturehallthisFriday.拓展句：Tohelpyouknowmoreaboutfiresafety,alectureisscheduledtokickoffat3pminthelecturehallthisFriday,whichwillbeaccompaniedbyafireescapedrill.5．假定你是李華，你想邀請(qǐng)?jiān)谥袊?guó)留學(xué)的英國(guó)好友Peter觀看京劇表演，但Peter不在家，你給他寫(xiě)張留言條，包括以下內(nèi)容：1.你到Peter家的目的;2.介紹京劇;（大約200年的歷史，中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化精粹，演繹歷史故事）3.詢(xún)問(wèn)什么時(shí)候方便，再約時(shí)間觀看。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：quintessence精華，精粹;costume戲服【答案】DearPeter,Icametoseeyoubutyouwereout.I’dliketoinviteyoutoseeBeijingOperawithmenextweek,sinceyouhavealwayswantedtoknowmoreaboutChineseculturesincethefirstdaytoChina.Withahistoryofnearly200years,BeijingOperaisaformoftraditionalChinesetheatre,whichisconsideredasthequintessenceofChineseculture.Theperformersincostumeperformvariousstoriesthathappenedinhistorytoaudiencebysinging,dancingandmotions.Icantellyoumoreaboutitwhenwemeet.PleaseletmeknowwhenyouwillbefreeandIwillbuytheticketsinadvance.IsincerelyhopethatyoucanacceptmyinvitationandI’msureyou’llenjoyit.YoursLiHua【分析】PeterPeter他寫(xiě)張留言條?！驹斀狻?.詞匯積累被認(rèn)為：beregardedas→beconsideredas表演:act→perform各種各樣的allkindsof→various提前aheadoftime→inadvance2.句式拓展同義句I’dliketoinviteyoutoseeBeijingOperawithmenextweek,sinceyouhavealwayswantedtoknowmoreaboutChineseculturesincethefirstdaytoChina.拓展句：knowingthatyouhavealwayswantedtoknowmoreaboutChineseculturesincethefirstdaytoChina,IamgladtoinviteyoutoseeBeijingOperawithmenextweek.【高考真題】1．[天津2021年3月]假設(shè)你是晨光中學(xué)的李津。我市為外國(guó)友人提供生活信息的某英文網(wǎng)站新增了《最美中華》欄目，請(qǐng)你給該欄目投稿，介紹一個(gè)國(guó)內(nèi)你喜歡或去過(guò)的地方。內(nèi)容包括：(1)該地方的基本情況(如名稱(chēng)、地理位置等)；(2)該地方的特色(如文化、景點(diǎn)等)；(3)你對(duì)該地方的印象和感受。注意：(1)詞數(shù)不少于100；(2)可適當(dāng)加入細(xì)節(jié)，使內(nèi)容充實(shí)、行文連貫。ABeautifulPlaceinChinaMarch19,2021ByLiJin________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】ABeautifulPlaceinChinaMarch19,2021ByLiJinSichuanProvinceislocatedinthesouthwestpartofChina.Itenjoysmanyworld-famousplacesofinterest,suchasJiuzhaiValleyandDujiangyanIrrigationSystem.JiuzhaiValleyNationalParkisanaturereserveinthenorthofSichuanProvince.Whatisthemostimpressiveisitsmulti-levelwaterfallsandcolorfullakes.What'smore,walkinginthenaturereserve,youhaveachancetoseerareanimalslikegiantpandasandgoldenmonkeys.Therearealsomanyspeciesofrareplantsprotectedthere.AnotherfamousscenicspotisDujiangyanIrrigationSystem.Itdatesfromover2，000yearsago.However,itisstillplayinganimportantpartinirrigationtoday.Sichuanisawonderfulplace.I'msurethevisitorswillbeamazedbythebeautifulsceneryinJiuzhaiValleyaswellastheconstructionofDujiangyanIrrigationSystem.【詳解】1belocatedin,world-famous,placesofinterest,anaturereserve,impressive,multi-level,haveachancetodosth.,rareanimals,scenicspot,datefrom,playanimportantpartin,beamazedby等。2、提分句型：what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句；therebe句型等。寫(xiě)作提示1、審題：(1)人稱(chēng)：以第三人稱(chēng)為主；(2)時(shí)態(tài)：以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主；(3)體裁：投稿類(lèi)應(yīng)用文。2(1)該地方的基本情況()(2)該地方的特色()(3)你對(duì)該地方的印象和感受。本文結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，層次分明，要點(diǎn)齊全。首段介紹了四川的基本情況，第二段具體描寫(xiě)了四川的著名景點(diǎn)九寨溝和都江堰，最后一段談及了自己的感受。文章在遣詞造句方面準(zhǔn)確生動(dòng)，恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂昧藀lacesofinterest,naturereserve,multi-level,datefrom,irrigation等高級(jí)詞匯；what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句(Whatisthemostimpressive)以及現(xiàn)在分詞形式作狀語(yǔ)(walkinginthenaturereserve)等高級(jí)句式的使用使文章增色不少，讓讀者有身臨其境的感受。?2[全國(guó)新高考Ⅰ2020]5道，內(nèi)容包括：1、參加人員；2、跑步路線：從校門(mén)口到南山腳下；3、活動(dòng)反響。注意：寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右。ACross-CountryRunningRace________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】ACross-CountryRunningRaceWiththepurposeofimprovingstudents'fitness,ourschoollaunchedthe5-kilometercross-countryrunningrace,whichfinishedsuccessfullylastSunday.Theplayers,mainlyconsistingofthestudentsselectedfromdifferentclassesandgrades,attendedtheracevigorously.Thecompetitionwasfierce.Thepavementsbesidetherunningroute,whichwasfromtheschoolgatetothefootofSouthHill,werepackedwithstudentsandteacherswhogaveloudcheersandapplausetotheplayers.Thoughtiredandexhausted,theplayersallregardedthiscompetitionasagoodwayofbuildinguptheirstrength.【詳解】本文要點(diǎn)齊全，層次分明，語(yǔ)言精練。開(kāi)篇第一句為新聞報(bào)道的導(dǎo)語(yǔ)，簡(jiǎn)潔地概括了事件的關(guān)鍵信息，隨后介紹了參加人員的構(gòu)成，接著描述了賽跑活動(dòng)的具體路線以及賽道兩旁擠滿(mǎn)觀賽師生的盛況，最后介紹launch,consistof,select,vigorously,fierce,bepackedwith,exhausted等高級(jí)詞匯，以及定語(yǔ)從句(whichwasfromtheschoolgatetothefootofSouthHill)，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)(mainlyconsistingofthestudentsselectedfromdifferentclassesandgrades)等句式結(jié)構(gòu)的運(yùn)用，增加了文章語(yǔ)言表達(dá)的豐富性。提分詞句：1、提分詞匯：launch,consistof,select,vigorously,fierce,bepackedwith,exhausted等。2、提分句型：定語(yǔ)從句；非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)等。寫(xiě)作提示：1、審題：(1)人稱(chēng)：以第三人稱(chēng)為主；(2)時(shí)態(tài)：以一般過(guò)去時(shí)為主；(3)體裁：新聞報(bào)道類(lèi)應(yīng)用文。2(1)介紹參加越野賽跑活動(dòng)的人員情況；(2)(3)介紹這次活動(dòng)的反響。3[全國(guó)Ⅰ2020]包括：1．人物簡(jiǎn)介；2．尊敬和愛(ài)戴的原因。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．短文題目和首句已為你寫(xiě)好。ThePersonIRespectTherearemanyrespectablepeoplearoundus.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】ThePersonIRespectTherearemanyrespectablepeoplearoundus.Somedeserveourrespectjustbecausetheydevotethemselvestotheirordinarypositions,likemyuncle,anangelinwhite.Myuncleisasurgeoninthelocalhospital.Heoftenburieshimselfinhisworkandisbusywithdiagnosesandoperations,whichoftentakehimsomuchtimeandenergythatitisimpossibleforhimtolookafterhisfamily.Mostmovingly,facingfierceCOVID-19,hevolunteeredtogotoWuhaninharm'swaywithouthesitation.Wearingthickprotectivesuits,heheadedforthewards,leavingathinbuttallfigurebehind.Suchismyrespectableuncle—anordinarydoctorwhonotonlydevoteshisyouthtohisbelovedcareer,butriskshislifetosavemorepeople'slives.【詳解】1deserve,devoteoneselfto,buryoneselfin,movingly,fierce,volunteertodo,withouthesitation,protective,headfor,ward,riskone'slifeto等。2whichso…thatwho引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，以及notonly…but(also)結(jié)構(gòu)等。寫(xiě)作提示：1(1)(2)時(shí)態(tài)：以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)為主；(3)類(lèi)記敘文。2、寫(xiě)作要點(diǎn)：(1)人物信息簡(jiǎn)要介紹(可包含身份、外貌、性格特點(diǎn)等)；(2)尊敬和愛(ài)戴的原因(議論和記敘均可)；(3)重申對(duì)人物的尊敬和愛(ài)戴。點(diǎn)評(píng)：“白衣天使叔叔，文章選材符合當(dāng)下疫情實(shí)時(shí)熱點(diǎn)，貼近生活，情感真實(shí)。第一段引出值得尊敬的人物——做醫(yī)生的叔叔，言簡(jiǎn)意賅地交代了人物身份。第二段描述了叔叔的工作內(nèi)容并結(jié)合當(dāng)下時(shí)事，描述了叔叔去武漢支援的情況，行文流暢，用詞得當(dāng)，充分體現(xiàn)了對(duì)叔叔的敬愛(ài)之情。第三段升華主題，再次表達(dá)對(duì)叔叔的贊揚(yáng)和尊重。在遣詞造句方面，高級(jí)詞匯和句式的使用使文章增色不少，如deserve,devoteoneselfto,buryoneselfin,volunteertodo,withouthesitation,headfor,riskone'slifeto等，以及非限制性定語(yǔ)從句(whichoftentakehimsomuchtimeandenergythatitisimpossibleforhimtolookafterhisfamily)，現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)(facingfierceCOVID-19)和倒裝句(Suchismyrespectableuncle)等，增加了文章的亮點(diǎn)。專(zhuān)題六應(yīng)用文（二）——非書(shū)信類(lèi)和電子郵件類(lèi)【題型把握】語(yǔ)言得體的文章，這不僅要求考生有豐富的詞匯和語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，而且要求考生有較強(qiáng)的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力和邏輯思維能力。1．2020年山東省和海南省使用全國(guó)新高考卷，其中寫(xiě)作部分分為兩節(jié)：應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作與讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)。2．浙江省作為高考綜合改革的試點(diǎn)省份，從2016年10月份開(kāi)始，正式啟動(dòng)外語(yǔ)科目一年兩次考試，其中英語(yǔ)學(xué)科高考書(shū)面表達(dá)部分除應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作外，首次引入了讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)和概要寫(xiě)作兩種新的寫(xiě)作題型，并在不同考次中不定期交替使用。3．全國(guó)卷書(shū)面表達(dá)的命題方式主要有提綱式作文、圖表/圖畫(huà)式作文、(半)開(kāi)放式作文，但以提綱式作文為主。近三年高考中，全國(guó)卷書(shū)面表達(dá)考查的文體以應(yīng)用文居多，以應(yīng)用文為載體考查記敘、議論、2020事類(lèi)記敘文。4．題材內(nèi)容貼近生活，關(guān)注社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)，與中學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)、生活密切相關(guān)。【考綱解讀及命題趨勢(shì)】新高考會(huì)改變“相對(duì)固化的命題模式”，應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作的體裁越來(lái)越不局限于單純的書(shū)信等應(yīng)用文體。報(bào)刊投稿、宣傳稿、新聞報(bào)道類(lèi)、人物描寫(xiě)和敘事短文在近幾年新高考卷、浙江卷和全國(guó)卷中開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)。對(duì)于各種文體的寫(xiě)作，在備考中要做好充分的準(zhǔn)備。非書(shū)信類(lèi)和電子郵件類(lèi)【知識(shí)清單】1．倡議書(shū)倡議書(shū)屬于應(yīng)用文的一種，是為倡議或是發(fā)起某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)而寫(xiě)的號(hào)召性的公開(kāi)提議性的專(zhuān)用文體。倡議書(shū)一般由標(biāo)題、稱(chēng)呼、正文、結(jié)尾、落款五部分組成。具體寫(xiě)作結(jié)構(gòu)為：2．演講稿/發(fā)言稿演講/發(fā)言是進(jìn)行宣傳和思想交流的一種重要方式，/發(fā)言人常常提前寫(xiě)出文稿。要寫(xiě)好演講稿/發(fā)言稿，必須明確下列幾點(diǎn)：(1)明確演講/發(fā)言對(duì)象。要了解聽(tīng)眾的思想狀況和愿望要求等，要認(rèn)真考慮如何切入更具說(shuō)服力，更容易令人接受。(2)明確演講/發(fā)言主題。無(wú)論是從舉例到說(shuō)理，還是從說(shuō)理到舉例，都要圍繞一個(gè)中心來(lái)講。(3)明確自我立場(chǎng)。觀點(diǎn)要鮮明，是贊成還是反對(duì)，不能含糊其詞、模棱兩可，要以理服人，舉例要恰當(dāng)、典型，條理要清晰，結(jié)構(gòu)要嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，首尾要呼應(yīng)。(4)明確語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)。演講稿/發(fā)言稿不同于其他文體，要合乎口語(yǔ)的表達(dá)習(xí)慣，句子不宜太長(zhǎng)，以免給聽(tīng)眾造成困擾。3．通知(1)題型指導(dǎo)通知是上級(jí)對(duì)下級(jí)、組織對(duì)成員布置工作、傳達(dá)情況或告訴公眾某件事情等時(shí)使用的一種應(yīng)用文體，通常分為口頭通知和書(shū)面通知兩種。口頭通知即以口頭的形式表達(dá)通知的內(nèi)容。這種通知開(kāi)頭應(yīng)有稱(chēng)呼語(yǔ)，正式場(chǎng)合用Ladiesandgentlemen(女士們、先生們),有時(shí)也可以用Boysandgirls或Comradesandfriends(同志們、朋友們)等。開(kāi)頭常有提醒聽(tīng)眾注意的開(kāi)場(chǎng)白，如Attention,please.或MayIhaveyourattention,please？或Ihaveanannouncementtomake.等；結(jié)尾常說(shuō)That'sall.Thankyou.或Thankyou(forlistening)．等，以示禮貌?？陬^通知無(wú)須說(shuō)明發(fā)布通知的日期和發(fā)布通知的人或單位。寫(xiě)書(shū)面通知時(shí)，一般情況下，要在首行中央寫(xiě)上Notice或Announcement。通知的發(fā)布單位常寫(xiě)在正文結(jié)束的右下角，發(fā)布通知的日期一般寫(xiě)在Notice或Announcement略。口頭通知和書(shū)面通知都是宣布即將發(fā)生的事情及其具體內(nèi)容，因而多用將來(lái)時(shí)；一般用祈使句來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)。通知的語(yǔ)言要簡(jiǎn)潔明了，條理清晰，準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤，時(shí)間尤為重要，必須寫(xiě)得十分明確。(2)常用寫(xiě)作模板①口頭通知Ladiesandgentlemen，Yourattention,please.Ihavesomethingtotellyou.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Pleaseremember：Time：Place：Thankyouforlistening.②書(shū)面通知NoticeInorderto______，______istobeheldon______(日期),at______(具體時(shí)間)in______(地點(diǎn))．Whoeverisinterestedinitiswelcometoattend.Thosewhowanttotakepartin______pleasesignupatStudentUnion.Pleaseremember______.TheStudentUnion4．征文投稿類(lèi)征文投稿類(lèi)文章一般都是就某個(gè)特定主題進(jìn)行論述和描寫(xiě)，以議論文和記敘文為多，其結(jié)構(gòu)通常如下。5．廣告宣傳及海報(bào)類(lèi)廣告是商品銷(xiāo)售的一種宣傳方式，目的是使消費(fèi)者對(duì)某種產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)生興趣，從而說(shuō)服和誘據(jù)活動(dòng)的主題，從時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、目的、措施及預(yù)期目標(biāo)等方面進(jìn)行說(shuō)明，并發(fā)出倡導(dǎo)。6．事物介紹類(lèi)事物介紹類(lèi)涉及的范圍很廣，如節(jié)日介紹、介紹喜歡的書(shū)、雜志、介紹自己喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)和音樂(lè)等。【專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)】1．假定你是李華，上周六你校組織學(xué)生到“農(nóng)耕文化主題公園”參觀。請(qǐng)你為校英文報(bào)寫(xiě)一篇報(bào)道，內(nèi)容包括：1.活動(dòng)過(guò)程；2.活動(dòng)反響。注意：1.報(bào)道標(biāo)題自擬；2.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；3.適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。【答案】AnUnforgettableVisitLastSaturday,anextraordinaryoutingwasorganizedbyourschooltotheCultureParkthemedonfarming.Thatmorning,ahalf-hourdrivewitnessedtheexhilarationofthestudentsandteachers.Uponarrival,weweregreetedbyvariousfarmingtoolsandstaffdressedasfarmerswhoworkedthelandintheold-fashionedway.Theexperienceofweedinginthefieldfirsthandhighlightedthevisitwhilethecontestof“FunKnowledgeonFarming”markeditsend,immersingusintheseaofjoy.Thisactivityissowell-receivedthatbothteachersandstudentsexpectmoreofthiskind.【詳解】本篇書(shū)面表達(dá)屬于新聞報(bào)道，要求考生為校英文報(bào)寫(xiě)一篇報(bào)道，報(bào)道上周六你校組織學(xué)生到“農(nóng)耕文化主題公園”的參觀活動(dòng)。1.詞匯積累興奮：exhilaration→thrill/excitement各種各樣的：various→varietiesof比賽：contest→competition高興：joy→delight2.句式拓展簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句原句：LastSaturday,anextraordinaryoutingwasorganizedbyourschooltotheCultureParkthemedonfarming.拓展句：LastSaturday,anextraordinaryoutingwasorganizedbyourschooltotheCultureParkwhichwasthemedonfarming.2你校今年英語(yǔ)節(jié)將舉行以“Goodbookscanaffectourlife”“好書(shū)”。請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)一篇短文投稿，內(nèi)容包括：(1)書(shū)籍的重要性;(2)你喜歡的書(shū)籍類(lèi)型;(3)讀書(shū)給你帶來(lái)的好處。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，使行文連貫。Goodbookscanaffectourlife【答案】OnepossibleversionGoodBooksCanAffectOurLifeItisuniversallyacknowledgedthatbooksareofvitalimportance,withoutwhichourlifewouldbelonely,monotonousandcolorless.Booksaretolifewhatwateristofish.Thereareawidevarietyofbooks,rangingfromscience,art,culturetohistory,amongwhichcultureisalwaysmyfavoritewithitsnoveltyanduniqueness.Booksonculturehavefoundtheirwayintoeveryaspectofmylife.Tobeginwith,bookreadingenrichesmyextracurricularlifeandgivesmeasenseoffulfillment.Furthermore,Icanaccumulateabundantknowledgeaboutvariouscultureswithoutgoingout.Finally,roamingintheoceanofknowledgeandmakingacomparisonbetweendifferentculturescanbroadenmyhorizons,thusinstructingmetoviewthingsfromdifferentperspectives.AsFrancisBacononcesaid,readingmakesafullman.Agoodbookcanaffectourlifeinonewayoranother.Toliveanenjoyableandmeaningfullife,let’sreadmoregoodbooks!【詳解】“Goodbookscanaffectourlife”容包括：書(shū)籍的重要性、你喜歡的書(shū)籍類(lèi)型和讀書(shū)給你帶來(lái)的好處。1.詞匯積累重要性：importance→significance給予：give→offer此外：Furthermore→Inaddition影響：affect→influence2.句式拓展簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句原句：Finally,roamingintheoceanofknowledgeandmakingacomparisonbetweendifferentculturescanbroadenmyhorizons,thusinstructingmetoviewthingsfromdifferentperspectives.拓展句：Finally,roamingintheoceanofknowledgeandmakingacomparisonbetweendifferentculturescanbroadenmyhorizons,whichinstructsmetoviewthingsfromdifferentperspectives.3．假設(shè)你是某中學(xué)高三畢業(yè)生李津，你將作為畢業(yè)生代表在校園英語(yǔ)節(jié)晚會(huì)上用英文作一簡(jiǎn)短的告別演講，內(nèi)容包括：（1）對(duì)獲得的幫助表示感謝；（2）對(duì)學(xué)弟、學(xué)妹的建議；（3）努力學(xué)習(xí)，實(shí)現(xiàn)人生夢(mèng)想；（4）對(duì)母校和老師的祝福。注意：（1）詞數(shù)不少于100；（2）可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；（3）開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Myteachersandfellowstudents,Inacoupleofweeks,we’llsaygoodbyetoourmotherschool.Howtimeflies!Asaseniorthreestudent,Ihavemuchtosharewithyou.Thankyou.【答案】Onepossibleversion:Myteachersandfellowstudents,Inacoupleofweeks,we’llsaygoodbyetoourmotherschool.Howtimeflies!Asaseniorthreestudent,Ihavemuchtosharewithyou.Firstly,Iwouldliketoshowmyappreciationtothosestandingbymealltheway,teachers,parentsandfriendsincluded.Withouttheirhelpandadvice,mylifewouldbedifferent.Secondly,Ihopethatalltheyoungerfellowscanmakefulluseoftime,becausetimeandtidewaitfornoman.Aboveall,I’vemadeupmymindtomakeeveryefforttostudy,forIbelievehardworkisthekeytosuccess.Justastheoldsayinggoes,“nopains,nogains.”Finally,onbehalfofallthegraduatespresenthere,letmeextendoursincerewishesforourmotherschoolandrespectableteachers.Thankyou!【詳解】1.詞匯積累想要：want→wouldlike感謝：thanks→appreciation建議：suggestion→advice希望：wish→hope2.句式拓展簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句原句：Asaseniorthreestudent,Ihavemuchtosharewithyou.拓展句：Asaseniorthreestudent,IhavemuchthatIwanttosharewithyou.4．假定你是校學(xué)生會(huì)主席李華，你校本周五將舉辦一場(chǎng)關(guān)于消防安全（firesafety）知識(shí)的講座，請(qǐng)你代表校學(xué)生會(huì)寫(xiě)一則通知。內(nèi)容包括：1.講座的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)；2.講座的內(nèi)容；3.歡迎大家積極參加。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：滅火器fireextinguisher火災(zāi)逃生演練fireescapedrillNoticeStudents’Union【答案】Tohelpyouknowmoreaboutfiresafety,alectureisscheduledtokickoffat3pminthelecturehallthisFriday.NoticeFirstly,thefiremaninvitedwillintroducethepossiblecausesofafire.Thenhewillshowushowtouseafireextinguisher,andhowtosoundthealarm.Finally,afireescapedrillisarrangedtoensureusstudentstolearntherightstepstotakeincaseafirebreaksout.Thereissuretobeofgreatsignificance.Docomeandattendthelecture.Students’Union【詳解】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。要求考生就本周五將舉辦一場(chǎng)關(guān)于消防安全（firesafety）知識(shí)的講座寫(xiě)一則通知。1.詞匯積累幫助：help→assist啟動(dòng)：kickoff→begin/launch/start確保：ensure→guarantee/makesure參加：attend→takepartin2.句式拓展簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句原句：Tohelpyouknowmoreaboutfiresafety,alectureisscheduledtokickoffat3pminthelecturehallthisFriday.拓展句：Tohelpyouknowmoreaboutfiresafety,alectureisscheduledtokickoffat3pminthelecturehallthisFriday,whichwillbeaccompaniedbyafireescapedrill.5．假定你是李華，你想邀請(qǐng)?jiān)谥袊?guó)留學(xué)的英國(guó)好友Peter觀看京劇表演，但Peter不在家，你給他寫(xiě)張留言條，包括以下內(nèi)容：1.你到Peter家的目的;2.介紹京劇;（大約200年的歷史，中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化精粹，演繹歷史故事）3.詢(xún)問(wèn)什么時(shí)候方便，再約時(shí)間觀看。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：quintessence精華，精粹;costume戲服【答案】DearPeter,Icametoseeyoubutyouwereout.I’dliketoinviteyoutoseeBeijingOperawithmenextweek,sinceyouhavealwayswantedtoknowmoreaboutChineseculturesincethefirstdaytoChina.Withahistoryofnearly200years,BeijingOperaisaformoftraditionalChinesetheatre,whichisconsideredasthequintessenceofChineseculture.Theperformersincostumeperformvariousstoriesthathappenedinhistorytoaudiencebysinging,dancingandmotions.Icantellyoumoreaboutitwhenwemeet.PleaseletmeknowwhenyouwillbefreeandIwillbuytheticketsinadvance.IsincerelyhopethatyoucanacceptmyinvitationandI’msureyou’llenjoyit.YoursLiHua【分析】PeterPeter他寫(xiě)張留言條?！驹斀狻?.詞匯積累被認(rèn)為：beregardedas→beconsideredas表演:act→perform各種各樣的allkindsof→various提前aheadoftime→inadvance2.句式拓展同義句I’dliketoinviteyoutoseeBeijingOperawithmenextweek,sinceyouhavealwayswantedtoknowmoreaboutChineseculturesincethefirstdaytoChina.拓展句：knowingthatyouhavealwayswantedtoknowmoreaboutChineseculturesincethefirstdaytoChina,IamgladtoinviteyoutoseeBeijingOperawithmenextweek.【高考真題】1．[天津2021年3月]假設(shè)你是晨光中學(xué)的李津。我市為外國(guó)友人提供生活信息的某英文網(wǎng)站新增了《最美中華》欄目，請(qǐng)你給該欄目投稿，介紹一個(gè)國(guó)內(nèi)你喜歡或去過(guò)的地方。內(nèi)容包括：(1)該地方的基本情況(如名稱(chēng)、地理位置等)；(2)該地方的特色(如文化、景點(diǎn)等)；(3)你對(duì)該地方的印象和感受。注意：(1)詞數(shù)不少于100；(2)可適當(dāng)加入細(xì)節(jié)，使內(nèi)容充實(shí)、行文連貫。ABeautifulPlaceinChinaMarch19,2021ByLiJin________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】ABeautifulPlaceinChinaMarch19,2021ByLiJinSichuanProvinceislocatedinthesouthwestpartofChina.Itenjoysmanyworld-famousplacesofinterest,suchasJiuzhaiValleyandDujiangyanIrrigationSystem.JiuzhaiValleyNationalParkisanaturereserveinthenorthofSichuanProvince.Whatisthemostimpressiveisitsmulti-levelwaterfallsandcolorfullakes.What'smore,walkinginthenaturereserve,youhaveachancetoseerareanimalslikegiantpandasandgoldenmonkeys.Therearealsomanyspeciesofrareplantsprotectedthere.AnotherfamousscenicspotisDujiangyanIrrigationSystem.Itdatesfromover2，000yearsago.However,itisstillplayinganimportantpartinirrigationtoday.Sichuanisawonderfulplace.I'msurethevisitorswillbeamazedbythebeautifulsceneryinJiuzhaiValleyaswellastheconstructionofDujiangyanIrrigationSystem.【詳解】1belocatedin,world-famous,placesofinterest,anaturereserve,impressive,multi-level,haveachancetodosth.,rareanimals,scenicspot,datefrom,playanimportantpartin,beamazedby等。2、提分句型：what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句；therebe句型等。寫(xiě)作提示1、審題：(1)人稱(chēng)：以第三人稱(chēng)為主；(2)時(shí)態(tài)：以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主；(3)體裁：投稿類(lèi)應(yīng)用文。2(1)該地方的基本情況()(2)該地方的特色()(3)你對(duì)該地方的印象和感受。本文結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，層次分明，要點(diǎn)齊全。首段介紹了四川的基本情況，第二段具體描寫(xiě)了四川的著名景點(diǎn)九寨溝和都江堰，最后一段談及了自己的感受。文章在遣詞造句方面準(zhǔn)確生動(dòng)，恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂昧藀lacesofinterest,naturereserve,multi-level,datefrom,irrigation等高級(jí)詞匯；what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句(Whatisthemostimpressive)以及現(xiàn)在分詞形式作狀語(yǔ)(walkinginthenaturereserve)等高級(jí)句式的使用使文章增色不少，讓讀者有身臨其境的感受。?2[全國(guó)新高考Ⅰ2020]5道，內(nèi)容包括：1、參加人員；2、跑步路線：從校門(mén)口到南山腳下；3、活動(dòng)反響。注意：寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右。ACross-CountryRunningRace________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】ACross-CountryRunningRaceWiththepurposeofimprovingstudents'fitness,ourschoollaunchedthe5-kilometercross-countryrunningrace,whichfinishedsuccessfullylastSunday.Theplayers,mainlyconsistingofthestudentsselectedfromdifferentclassesandgrad