湖北省高中名校聯(lián)盟2026屆高三第一次聯(lián)合測評英語本試卷共10頁，67題。滿分150分?？荚囉脮r120分鐘。注意事項：1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將準考證號條形碼貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3.非選擇題的作答：用黑色簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4.考試結(jié)束后，請將本試卷和答題卡一并上交。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題，每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Takeataxi. B.Drivehimself. C.Usetheairportbus.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Emily,I’mthinkingaboutgoingtotheairportbytaxi.W:Well,Mark,it’srushhournow.Youmightgetstuckintraffic.Whynottrytheairportbus?It’susuallyquickerandmoreconvenient.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Shoppingforaparty. B.Preparingforapicnic. C.Cookingforteammates.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Didyouremembertobringthedrinksfortheteampicnicthisafternoon?M:YesIgotorangejuice,water,andafewbottlesoftea.Whataboutthefood?W:Ipickedupsandwiches,fruit,andsomesnacks.Ithinkwe’reallsetnow.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomandotobetterunderstandthelectures?A.Askquestionsduringclass.B.Listentotherecordingslater.C.Readthetextbookinadvance.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Emma,youalwaysseemtounderstandourhistorylecturessowell.What’syoursecret?W:Honestly,Igotconfusedduringclasssometimes.SoIstartedusingavoicerecorder.Ilistentothelecturesagainathomeandwritebetternotes.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatkindofmusicdoesthemanprefer?A.Jazz. B.Rock. C.Classical.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:I’vemadeaplaylistwithsomejazzandrockmusic.Wanttolisten?M:Thanksalot.Isthereanyclassicalmusicinit?W:Notreally.Ithoughtjazzwasyourstyle.M:Ienjoyjazzsometimes,butclassicaliswhatIlistentothemost.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?A.Atacarwashstation. B.Atacarrentalpany. C.Atadrivingschool.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Ireservedacarfortheweekend.W:Sure.Pleaseshowyourdriver’slicenseandsignthisagreement.Also,makesuretowashthecarbeforereturning.M:Noproblem.Andthecarisfullyinsured,isn’tit?W:Yes,itis.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whichmonthisitnow?A.June. B.August. C.October.7.WhatdidMichaelthinkofthesubwaysystematfirst?A.Itwassimple. B.Itwasconvenient. C.Itwasconfusing.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】W:Michael,howlonghaveyoubeenlivinginChinanow?M:Well,IcamehereinAugust2022.Sointwomonths,itwillhavebeenexactlythreeyears.W:Timeflies!Haveyouadaptedtothelocalfoodculture?M:Yes,Ienjoymostdishesnow.W:Whatdoyouthinkofthepublictransportthen,likethesubwaysystem?M:Honestly,itwashardtofigureoutatfirst.Butnow,I’vegotthehangofitanduseiteverydaywithease.聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.WhatdoesDaviddo?A.Adoctor. B.Ajournalist. C.Achiefeditor.9.WhatdoesJudywantDavidtodo?A.Turninhisworkontime.B.Readthepanypolicy.C.Explainhishealthproblems.10.WhatdoesJudyoffertodoforDavid?A.Helpwithhisinterviewsnexttime.B.Arrangeapropermedicalcheckup.C.Reschedulethemagazinedeadline.【答案】8.B9.A10.A【解析】【原文】W:David,haveyoufinishedyourarticlefornextweek’smagazineissue?M:Notyet.I’vebeenfeelingunwelllatelyandhadtoseeadoctor,soImissedafewinterviews.W:I’msorrytohearthat.Butwe’reonatightschedule,youknow.Aseditorinchief,IhavetomakesureeverythingisreadybyFriday.M:Iunderstand,Judy.I’llsendyouadraftbytonight.W:Thatwouldbegreat.Ihopeyoufeelbettersoon.Letmeknowifyouneedhelparranginginterviewsnexttime.聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11.WhatarethefeaturesofGreenhill?A.Paintingsandwoodwork. B.Musicshowsandlocalfood. C.Mountainsandlakeviews.12.HowfarisLakeviewfromGreenhill?A.10minutes’walk. B.30minutes’drive. C.15minutes’bikeride.13.Wherewillthespeakersprobablystay?A.Inaguesthouse. B.Inahotel. C.Inatent.【答案】11.B12.A13.C【解析】【原文】M:Howaboutgoingsomewherespecialfortheweekend?W:Sure.IreadaboutaplacecalledGreenhillwhichisabouthalfanhour’sdrive.Ithasareputationforitslocaleatsandmusicperformances.M:Thatsoundsinteresting.Isthereanytownnearbytoexploreaswell?W:Yes.OnlytenminutesonfootfromthereliesLakeview,knownforitslocalart—especiallypaintingsandwoodwork.M:Nice.Whataboutplacestostay?W:WellwecouldstayatasmallhotelinLakeview,butit’sabitexpensiveonweekends.M:Hmm,I’dbeokaycampingintheopen—it’smorefunandadventurous.Wecouldeventakeabikeridetoexplorenearbysights,likethatguesthouseeveryonetalksabout.W:Thenlet’sdothat.聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandsecretary. B.Oldcollegefriends. C.Formercoworkers.15.Whatisthewomansureaboutconcerningthenetworkingevent?A.Itslocation. B.Herattendance. C.Thehost’sidentity.16.WhatisJakedoinginPeru?A.Volunteeringonthefarm.B.Doingagriculturalresearch.C.Foundingacharityorganization.17.WhatisprobablyJake’splan?A.Sharinghistravelstoriesonline.B.Returningtohismarketingrole.C.Startinghisecofriendlyproject.【答案】14.C15.C16.A17.A【解析】【原文】M:HeyLisa,Ihaven’tseenyouforages.How’sthenewpositionatthedesignfirm?W:Hey,Mark.It’sbeengreatsofar—theteamissupercreativeandfuntoworkwith.Whataboutyou?Stillatourprevioussalesagency?M:Yeah,stillthere.Actually,areyougoingtothenetworkingeventnextThursday?W:Idon’tknow.ButIdoknowSarahfromyourpanywillbehosting.M:Oh,yeah!Sarah’soneoftheseniormanagers.She’sheadingthemajorprojectforourtopclient.Weactuallyworkonthesamefloor.W:That’scool.Hey,didyouhearaboutJake?M:Jake?fromthemarketingteam?Yeah,heleftaboutamonthago.He’sdoingsomevolunteerworkabroadnow.W:Really?Wheredidheendup?M:He’sinPeru.Hejoinedanorganizationthatrunsasustainablefarmingproject.He’sbasicallyonthefarmmostofthetime.W:Noway!That’sahugechange.How’sheadjusting?M:Judgingbythephotos,he’sbeenposting,helovesit.Heevenmentionedstartingatravelblogsomeday.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】18.WhydidNashengreturntoherhometownafteruniversity?A.Herfamilyaskedherto. B.Shemissedthequietlife. C.Manyvillagersneededhelp.19.WhatproblemdidNashengfaceduringherfirstmobileclinic?A.Acaraccident. B.Anaturaldisaster. C.Brokenmedicaltools.20.WhatdoesNashengsayaboutherfuture?A.Shewillcontinueherstudies.B.Shewillworkinacityhospital.C.Shewillpursueanewcareer.【答案】18.C19.B20.A【解析】【原文】Goodevening,andweletoourprogrammeagain.Tonight,wewilltakeyoutothemountainsofYunnantomeetayoungdoctornamedNasheng.Sheis32yearsoldandworkshardtoprovidemedicalcaretoover5,000people.Afterfinishinguniversity,shereturnedtoherhometown,asmallvillagewheresheknewmanypeople,includingherfamily,lackedaccesstopropermedicalservice.Andin2021,shestartedworkinginYangla.Lifethereisquiet,andtherearen’tmanythingstodo,butshehasneverthoughtaboutleaving.Toreachmorepeople,Nashengandherteamholdmobileclinicseachmonth.Onherfirsttrip,amudslidesuddenlyblockedtheroadandtheircarcouldn’tgetthrough.Theyhadtocarrymedicaltoolsoverthemountain.Shealsohelpedbuildanewhealthstationinafarvillageandlateraddedaroomforherbalbaths.Inadditiontotreatingpatients,Nashengkeepsadvancinghermedicalskills.Lookingahead,shehopestopursuefurthereducation.“Iwanttogetamaster’sdegree,”shesaid.“Butnomatterwhat,I’llalwayseback—thisismyhome.”第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AAnelevennighttripdeparting30May2025MAY2025Fri30FlyinBusinessClassfromLondontoDubrovnik,CroatiaUponarrivalgotoa5☆hotelforyourtwonightstaySat31Dubrovnik,CroatiaSpendthedayexploringatyourleisureJUNE2025Sun1Dubrovnik,CroatiaGototheportandboardthe6☆OceanEncoreforyoursevennightvoyage(航行)Mon2Sat7Kotor,Montenegro→Gallipoli,Italy→Sarandé,Albania→Zakinthos,Greece→Naflion,GreeceRelaxatseaSun8Mon9Athens(fromPiraeus)GreeceLeaveandgotoa5☆hotelforyourtwonightstaySpendthedayexploringatyourleisureTue10Athens,GreeceGototheairportforyourBusinessClassflighttoLondonWHAT’SincludedFREEprivateUKdriverservice,upto100mileseachway,forALLbookingsFREEtwonight5☆hotelstayinDubrovnik,CroatiaincludingbreakfastSEVENNIGHTluxuryvoyageonboardOceanEncoreSpacious,allsuite(套房)acmodationwithsweepingoceanviewsFreefinewines,spirits,champagnes,beersandsoftdrinksthroughoutyourvoyageFREEtwonight5☆hotelstayinAthens,GreeceincludingbreakfastReturnbusinessclassflightsfromLondon(regionalflightsmaybeavailableonrequest)SPECIALOFFERS(perperson)SUITEGRADEFULLPRICE(PP)NOWPRICE(PP)VerandaSuite(2left)V1￡5,799￡4,799VerandaSuiteV4￡7,399￡6,399Oceanwelesyoutothisallinclusive,luxurytrip.Bookby8pmon31stMarch2025toenjoyanextra￡100discountpersuite!21.Wheredoesthe7nightvoyagestart?A.London. B.Dubrovnik. C.Athens. D.Kotor.22.Whatservicedoesthistripprovide?A.Anelevennighthotelstay. B.Winetastingsessions.C.Afulljourneydriverservice. D.Roundtripbusinessclassflights.23.IfacouplebookaVerandaSuite(V1)on30thMarch2025,howmuchwilltheysave?A.￡1,900. B.￡2,000. C.￡2,100. D.￡2,200.【答案】21.B22.D23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了從倫敦出發(fā)，途經(jīng)克羅地亞、意大利、阿爾巴尼亞、希臘等地的十一晚豪華游輪旅行，包括具體行程、包含服務(wù)、住宿安排和價格優(yōu)惠等內(nèi)容。【21題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格JUNE2025部分“Sun1;Dubrovnik,Croatia:Gototheportandboardthe6☆OceanEncoreforyoursevennightvoyage(航行)(星期日；克羅地亞杜布羅夫尼克：前往港口，登上6星級的“OceanEncore”號游輪，開始為期七天的旅程)”以及結(jié)合前一天(Sat31)游客仍在Dubrovnik,Croatia自由活動，說明七晚的游輪行程從Dubrovnik啟程。故選B。【22題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WHAT’Sincluded部分“ReturnbusinessclassflightsfromLondon(從倫敦出發(fā)的商務(wù)艙航班)”可知，本次旅行提供往返商務(wù)艙機票服務(wù)。故選D?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。題干中提到若夫妻于2025年3月30日預(yù)訂V1艙(VerandaSuite)，每人售價為￡4,799，而原價是￡5,799，每人節(jié)省￡1,000。又根據(jù)文末說明:“Bookby8pmon31stMarch2025toenjoyanextra￡100discountpersuite(請于2025年3月31日下午8點前預(yù)訂，即可享受每間套房額外100英鎊的折扣優(yōu)惠)”，即每個套房還能額外減￡100。夫妻共兩人，基礎(chǔ)優(yōu)惠節(jié)省￡1,000×2=￡2,000，再加上額外每套房減￡100,總計節(jié)省￡2,100。故選C。BLastSeptember,Ivisitedaprotectedwetlandnearmyhome.ThoughI’dusedbinoculars(望遠鏡),fieldguidesandsongidentificationappsallsummerwhilehiking,thiswasthefirsttimeIonlywatchedbirds.I’vealwayscaredaboutbirdsandhavewrittenaboutthemasasciencewriter,butthemomentIdecidedwithpurposetodevotetimeandenergytobirdwatchingmarkedmytransformationintoabirder.Sevenmonthslater,I’veseen452species,learneddozensofcalls,trackedrarebirds,andevenwentlookingforowlsatnight.Ididn’tstartfromzero.Mycareerspentwritingaboutnaturetaughtmeaboutthehabitats;journalismallowedmetoquicklyfamiliarizemyselfwithnewtopicsandnewpeople.Icrowdsourcedtipsonsocialmediaplatformsandwentoutwithexperiencedbirders.Iusedtoolsavailabletobeginners.Manyregardbirdingasjustturninglivesintochecklistnumbers,buteventhatisharderwithoutknowledge.Tofindthebirds,youhavetoknowthem.Andindoingthat,muchelsefallsintospace.Birdinghasboostedmytimeoutdoors,pushingmetoexploremyneighborhoodinwaysIneverwouldhave:amazinghotspotsinindustrialareas,wastewatertreatmentplants,andrandomparks.Iseemimpervioustoheat,cold,hunger,andthirst.Mymindquiets,focusingonlyonthepresent.Ialsofeelamuchdeeperconnectiontonature,whichI’velongwrittenaboutbutalwaysremainedslightlydistantfrom.EverybirdImeetgivescolorandsoundtothefactsIonceknewonlyfrombooks.BirdsIassumedlivedfaraway—goldeneagles,cranes—haveallappearedwithinanhourofmyhouse.Peoplecallbirdinganescapefromreality.Irejectthat.Instead,Iseeitasinvolvementwiththetruereality.Idon’tneedtoknowsocialmediadramawhenIcanspendanhourhuntingforararebird.Thechoiceisobvious.Springising.NewbirdswillsoonfloodtheBayArea.Ican’twait.24.Whatisparagraph1mainlyabout?A.Whentheauthorbecameabirder. B.Theauthor’searlyinterestinbirding.C.Anidealdestinationfornewbirders. D.Amemorablebirdingtripwithouttools.25.Whatdoestheauthoremphasizeinparagraph3?A.Whynewbirderscanneverstartfromzero. B.Howpriorskillshaveaidedhis/herbirding.C.Thedifficultiesofbirdingwithoutguidance. D.Theuseofeffectivebirdidentificationtools.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“imperviousto”meaninparagraph5?A.Extremelyafraidof. B.Stronglyopposedto.C.easilycontentedwith. D.pletelyunaffectedby.27.Whatistheauthor’smainmessage?A.Birdingisanescapefromreality. B.Technologykillsrealexperience.C.Simplejoyslikebirdingenrichlife. D.Hobbiesrequirealotofknowledge.【答案】24.A25.B26.D27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己從一名科學(xué)寫作者轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)檎嬲挠^鳥愛好者的經(jīng)歷，強調(diào)了觀鳥帶來的樂趣、知識積累和對自然更深層次的連接，表達了作者對自然生活的熱愛和對“真實現(xiàn)實”的追求?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“ThiswasthefirsttimeIonlywatchedbirds.(這是我第一次只是單純地觀察鳥類)”以及第二段“I’vealwayscaredaboutbirdsandhavewrittenaboutthemasasciencewriter,butthemomentIdecidedwithpurposetodevotetimeandenergytobirdwatchingmarkedmytransformationintoabirder.(我一直對鳥類很感興趣，并且作為一名科學(xué)作家也寫過相關(guān)文章，但當我下定決心專門投入時間和精力去觀察鳥類的時候，這標志著我正式成為了鳥類愛好者)”可知，整段的重點在于作者成為一名觀鳥者的時間和契機。故選A?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Ididn’tstartfromzero.Mycareerspentwritingaboutnaturetaughtmeaboutthehabitats;journalismallowedmetoquicklyfamiliarizemyselfwithnewtopicsandnewpeople.Icrowdsourcedtipsonsocialmediaplatformsandwentoutwithexperiencedbirders.(我并非從零開始。我的職業(yè)生涯一直致力于關(guān)于自然的報道工作，這讓我對各種棲息地有了深入的了解；而新聞工作則讓我能夠迅速熟悉新的主題和新的人物。我通過社交媒體平臺收集相關(guān)建議，并與有經(jīng)驗的觀鳥者一同外出觀察)”可知，這些已有的技能如何支持了他的觀鳥活動。故選B。【26題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第五段“Mymindquiets,focusingonlyonthepresent.(我的思緒平靜下來，只專注于當下)”可推知，作者在觀鳥時完全沉浸在當下，不受天氣、饑渴等影響，由此可判斷“imperviousto”意為“完全不受……影響的”。故選D。【27題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Peoplecallbirdinganescapefromreality.Irejectthat.Instead,Iseeitasengagementwiththetruereality.(人們把觀鳥稱作是對現(xiàn)實世界的逃離。但我卻不這么認為。在我看來，觀鳥其實是一種與真實世界緊密相連的體驗)”和最后一段“Springising.NewbirdswillsoonfloodtheBayArea.Ican’twait.(春天就要來了。新的鳥類很快就會涌入舊金山灣區(qū)。我迫不及待地想要見到它們了)”可知，作者認為觀鳥不是逃避現(xiàn)實，而是一種接觸真實生活的方式，同時也表達了對自然的熱愛和期待。因此，文章的主旨是強調(diào)像觀鳥這樣簡單的愛好可以豐富我們的生活。故選C。CHugepilesofresearchondietarepublishedannually.Themostshockingofthesegetreportedinthemedia.Allclaimtobebasedonthelatestresearchandeachclaimstoprovethelaststudywrong.Doscientistsreallynotknowwhat’sgoodforus,oristhenewsreporttoblamefortheconfusion?Misleadingmediacoverageplaysarole,butpublicationbias(偏見)isonemajorsource:studiesthatshowsurprisingresultsaremorelikelytogetpublished.“Whatyouseepublishedinthenightlynewsistheendresultofasystemwhereeveryoneisencouragedtoeupwithapositiveresult,”saysVinayatOregonScienceUniversity.Onewaytogetaroundthisproblemistoconductlarge,randomizedcontrolledtrials,whichinvolverandomlyassigningparticipantstodifferentgroupstocontrolvariables.Butthesekindsofstudiesaredifficulttodoforfoods,asfewwouldriskeatinghabitsonchance;fewerstillsustainchangeslongenoughtobenefit.Instead,nutritionscientistsusuallyobservewhatpeopleeatbyaskingthemtofilloutfooddiaries,andthentrackthehealthofparticipantsoveragivenperiodoftime.Inthese“observational”studies,peopletracktheirdietswhilegoingabouttheirlives.Differencesbetweensubjectsinwhattheydooutsideofmealtimescanmakeallthedifference.Peoplewhoeatwhatisseenasanunhealthydiet—withmorefastfood,forinstance—mighthaveunhealthylifestylesinotherways,suchassmoking.Consequently,dietaryeffectsarehardtosetapart.Becauseofthesedifficulties,eventoday’smostremendeddietaryadvicelacksgoodqualityevidence.Thisdoesn’tmeanwecaneatasmuchcakeaswelike.Butitdoessuggestthatwithinlimitsofmonsense,onewayofeatingisaboutasgoodasanother.Whileadmittedlysimpleadvice,itremovesthepressuretoconstantlyrunafterthelatestamazingdietorfearseeminglyharmfulfoods.Withinreason,trustingyourstomachismostlyfine.28.Whatphenomenonispresentedinparagraph1?A.Scientistsfailtofigureouttruth. B.Newsspreadsconfusiononpurpose.C.Researchondietastonishespeople. D.Mediareportsconflictingdietstudies.29.Whichofthefollowingnewsitemssuggestspublicationbias?A.Chocolateunexpectedlyaidsweightloss. B.Calorierestrictionhelpstoslowaging.C.Effectsofzerofatdietrequirefurthertests. D.Wholegraindietimproveshearthealth.30.Whatdoparagraphs3and4mainlydiscuss?A.Thereliabilityofselfreporteddietdata. B.Howlongtermdiettrackingimproveshealth.C.Themainproblemsinstudyingdietaryeffects. D.Howlifestylefactorsaffectdietresearchresults.31.Whatistheauthor’ssuggestionforfoodchoice?A.Avoidpotentiallyunhealthyfoods. B.Consumevarietiesoffoods.C.Countonthelatestdietaryadvice. D.Followbodysignalssensibly.【答案】28.D29.A30.C31.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要探討了飲食研究因研究方法局限和媒體報道偏見，而經(jīng)常呈現(xiàn)矛盾結(jié)論，因此無需過度追求完美飲食?！?8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Allclaimtobebasedonthelatestresearchandeachclaimstoprovethelaststudywrong.(所有這些說法都聲稱是基于最新的研究成果，而每一種說法又都聲稱要證明前一種研究存在錯誤)”可知，媒體頻繁報道最新的飲食研究，而新的研究總是與過往的研究相矛盾。故選D?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Misleadingmediacoverageplaysarole,butpublicationbias(偏見)isonemajorsource:studiesthatshowsurprisingresultsaremorelikelytogetpublished.“Whatyouseepublishedinthenightlynewsistheendresultofasystemwhereeveryoneisencouragedtoeupwithapositiveresult,”saysVinayatOregonScienceUniversity.(誤導(dǎo)性的媒體報道起到了一定作用，但發(fā)表偏倚則是主要因素之一：那些得出驚人結(jié)果的研究更有可能被發(fā)表出來。俄勒岡科技大學(xué)的維納說道：“在晚間新聞中所呈現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容是這樣一個系統(tǒng)所產(chǎn)生的最終結(jié)果，該系統(tǒng)鼓勵每個人都得出積極的結(jié)果。”)”可知，巧克力竟然有助于減肥存在發(fā)表偏見。故選A。【30題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Onewaytogetaroundthisproblemistoconductlarge,randomizedcontrolledtrials,whichinvolverandomlyassigningparticipantstodifferentgroupstocontrolvariables.Butthesekindsofstudiesaredifficulttodoforfoods,asfewwouldriskeatinghabitsonchance;fewerstillsustainchangeslongenoughtobenefit.Instead,nutritionscientistsusuallyobservewhatpeopleeatbyaskingthemtofilloutfooddiaries,andthentrackthehealthofparticipantsoveragivenperiodoftime.(解決這一問題的一種方法是開展大規(guī)模的隨機對照試驗，這種試驗會將參與者隨機分配到不同的組別，以控制變量。但對于食物而言，這類研究很難進行，因為很少有人會為了偶然的機會而改變飲食習(xí)慣；更少有人能長期保持改變后的飲食習(xí)慣從而獲得益處。因此，營養(yǎng)學(xué)家通常會通過讓參與者填寫飲食日記來觀察他們的飲食情況，然后在一段時間內(nèi)跟蹤參與者的健康狀況)”以及第四段“Inthese“observational”studies,peopletracktheirdietswhilegoingabouttheirlives.Differencesbetweensubjectsinwhattheydooutsideofmealtimescanmakeallthedifference.Peoplewhoeatwhatisseenasanunhealthydiet—withmorefastfood,forinstance—mighthaveunhealthylifestylesinotherways,suchassmoking.Consequently,dietaryeffectsarehardtosetapart.(在這些“觀察性”研究中，研究對象在日常生活中會記錄自己的飲食情況。在用餐時間之外的行為差異可能會導(dǎo)致結(jié)果大相徑庭。那些飲食習(xí)慣被認為不健康（比如攝入較多的快餐）的人，可能在其他方面也有不良的生活習(xí)慣，比如吸煙。因此，飲食對健康的影響很難單獨區(qū)分出來)”可知，第3段和第4段主要討論了研究飲食影響所面臨的主要問題。故選C。【31題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Butitdoessuggestthatwithinlimitsofmonsense,onewayofeatingisaboutasgoodasanother.(但這確實表明，在常識的合理范圍內(nèi)，不同的飲食方式在總體上是相當相似的，沒有哪一種方式明顯優(yōu)于其他方式)”和“Withinreason,trustingyourstomachismostlyfine.(在合理范圍內(nèi)，相信自己的直覺通常是沒問題的)”可知，作者建議理智地傾聽身體的信號。故選D。DThenewest,hottestpowercoupledoesn’tliveinHollywood.It’sactuallythemarriageofsolarpanelsandreservoirs(水庫):Knownasfloatovoltaics,thesedevicesonsimplefloats(浮體)generatepowerwhileshadingthewaterbelow.Theprimaryadvantageofthetechnologyisthatnotreesneedtobeclearedforsolarfarms.Asanaddedbonus,thewatercoolsthepanels,increasingtheirefficiency.ResearchshowsthatfloatovoltaicsonjustasmallshareofgloballakesandreservoirscouldmeetnearlyathirdoftheUS’sannualelectricitydemand.Asfloatovoltaicsystemsexpand,withthemarketexpectedtogrow23%annuallyfrom2025to2030,scientistsarestudyingtheirimpactonecosystems.“Weshouldn’tbeexpandingcleanenergyatthecostofbiodiversityloss,”warnsElisaStephens,aresearcherattheUniversityofCalifornia,Davis.“Thisisagreatopportunitytoincreaseourresearchanddevelopsmartdesignsandbettersitingpracticestohavethishappymarriagebetweenahealthy,biodiverseecosystemandrenewableenergyexpansion.”Mostfloatovoltaicsareplacedonreservoirs.Whenpairedwiththeexistingwaterpowerplants,thepanelscangenerateadditionaldaytimepower.Thisbinationcanmakeupforseasonaldropsinwaterorsunlight,ensuringamorestableyearlyoutput.Thoughartificial,reservoirshostlotsofwaterlifethatfloatovoltaicscaninteractwith.Wouldthisbringrisksorbenefits?“Ourcustomershaveseenmigrating(遷徙的)birdsfeedingandrestingonthefloats,”reportsChrisBachmanofaleadingfloatovoltaicspany.Ecologicalconsiderationsgettrickierwherethereareunforeseenknockoneffects.Experimentsshowthatshadingfrompanelscanslowthegrowthofalgaethatfisheatandalsoreduceharmfulalgae,affectingthefoodchain.Floatscanhidefishfrombirdsthathuntthembutmayalsoserveassafehabitatsforthesebirds.“Weneedtomonitorforlongperiodstounderstandthebigpicture,”saysfreshwaterecologistSimpsonCardoso.Scientistsandpaniesarediscussingwiderspacingbetweenpanelsandavoidingconstructionduringwaterbirds’sensitiveperiods,suchasmigrationandnesting.“Therecandefinitelybethatkindofecologicalbalance,”saysStephens.32.Howdoestheauthorintroducefloatovoltaics?A.Bygivingatechnicaldefinition. B.Byexplaininghowtheywork.C.Byrelatingthemtoamarriedcouple. D.Bydescribingapopularmoviescene.33.Whatisscientists’majorconcernaboutfloatovoltaics?A.Theirinfluenceonecosystemsandbiodiversity. B.Theirseasonalchangesinpoweroutput.C.Theirhighcostofconstructionandmaintenance. D.Theirpetitionagainsttraditionalsolarfarms.34.WhydoestheauthorquoteChrisBachmaninparagraph5?A.Toprovideevidenceofcustomersatisfaction. B.Toshowapotentialbenefitoffloatovoltaics.C.Tonotetheplexityofecologicalinteractions. D.Todrawattentiontoprotectingmigratingbirds.35.Whatarescientistsfocusingon?A.Conductingtheapplicationofwiderpanels. B.Developingsmarterdesignsandpractices.C.Provingtheexistenceofecologicalbalance. D.Avoidingconstructionsonwaterbirdhabitats.【答案】32.C33.A34.B35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一種將太陽能面板和水庫結(jié)合的新興技術(shù)——浮動光伏。但科學(xué)家也提醒應(yīng)關(guān)注其對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的潛在影響，以確保可再生能源的發(fā)展不會以破壞生物多樣性為代價?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Thenewest,hottestpowercoupledoesn’tliveinHollywood.It’sactuallythemarriageofsolarpanelsandreservoirs(水庫):Knownasfloatovoltaics,thesedevicesonsimplefloats(浮體)generatepowerwhileshadingthewaterbelow.(當下最炙手可熱的“明星夫妻檔”并非生活在好萊塢。實際上，它們是太陽能電池板與水庫的結(jié)合體：這種被稱為“浮式光伏”的裝置安裝在簡單的浮體上，既能發(fā)電又能為下方的水域遮陽)”可知，作者通過將浮式光伏系統(tǒng)與一對已婚夫婦的情況進行關(guān)聯(lián)介紹浮式光伏系統(tǒng)。故選C。【33題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Asfloatovoltaicsystemsexpand,withthemarketexpectedtogrow23%annuallyfrom2025to2030,scientistsarestudyingtheirimpactonecosystems.“Weshouldn’tbeexpandingcleanenergyatthecostofbiodiversityloss,”warnsElisaStephens,aresearcherattheUniversityofCalifornia,Davis.“Thisisagreatopportunitytoincreaseourresearchanddevelopsmartdesignsandbettersitingpracticestohavethishappymarriagebetweenahealthy,biodiverseecosystemandrenewableenergyexpansion.”(隨著浮式光伏系統(tǒng)的不斷推廣，預(yù)計從2025年到2030年，該市場的年增長率將達到23%?？茖W(xué)家們正在研究其對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的潛在影響。加州大學(xué)戴維斯分校的研究員伊莉莎·斯蒂芬斯警告說：“我們不應(yīng)以犧牲生物多樣性為代價來擴大清潔能源的規(guī)模。”“這是一個絕佳的機會，讓我們加大研究力度，開發(fā)智能設(shè)計和更合理的布局方式，以實現(xiàn)健康、多樣化的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)與可再生能源擴張之間的和諧共生。”)”可知，生態(tài)平衡和生物多樣性是主要關(guān)注點。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Thoughartificial,reservoirshostlotsofwaterlifethatfloatovoltaicscaninteractwith.Wouldthisbringrisksorbenefits?“Ourcustomershaveseenmigrating(遷徙的)birdsfeedingandrestingonthefloats,”reportsChrisBachmanofaleadingfloatovoltaicspany.(盡管人工建造，但水庫中仍生活著大量水生生物，而浮式光伏系統(tǒng)能夠與這些生物產(chǎn)生互動。這會帶來風(fēng)險還是帶來好處呢？“我們的客戶曾看到遷徙的鳥類在浮體上覓食和休息，”一家知名浮式光伏公司的克里斯·巴赫曼說道)”可知，作者在第五段中引用克里斯·巴赫曼的話是為了展示浮式光伏技術(shù)的潛在優(yōu)勢。故選B?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Experimentsshowthatshadingfrompanelscanslowthegrowthofalgaethatfisheatandalsoreduceharmfulalgae,affectingthefoodchain.Floatscanhidefishfrombirdsthathuntthembutmayalsoserveassafehabitatsforthesebirds.“Weneedtomonitorforlongperiodstounderstandthebigpicture,”saysfreshwaterecologistSimpsonCardoso.(實驗表明，遮陽板提供的遮蔭能減緩魚類所食用的藻類的生長速度，還能減少有害藻類的滋生，從而影響食物鏈。浮標可以保護魚類免受捕食鳥類的攻擊，但同時也可能成為這些鳥類的安全棲息地。淡水生態(tài)學(xué)家辛普森·卡多索表示：“我們需要進行長期監(jiān)測，以了解整體情況?！?”以及最后一段“Scientistsandpaniesarediscussingwiderspacingbetweenpanelsandavoidingconstructionduringwaterbirds’sensitiveperiods,suchasmigrationandnesting.“Therecandefinitelybethatkindofecologicalbalance,”saysStephens.(科學(xué)家和相關(guān)企業(yè)正在探討將太陽能板之間的間距加大，并避免在水鳥的敏感時期（如遷徙和筑巢期）進行施工。斯蒂芬斯表示：“肯定能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)這種生態(tài)平衡?！?”可知，科學(xué)家們正在關(guān)注開發(fā)更智能的設(shè)計與方法。故選B。第二節(jié)七選五(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。TakeaThoughtWalkHaveyoueverconsideredwhenyougetyourbestideas?Orwhatyou’redoingwhenthesolutiontoaproblempopsintoyourhead?____36____Butitcouldalsobedoingsomethingunrelated,liketakingashowerorwashingthedishes.Thebestideascanlandwhenyouleastexpectthem—buttherearethingsyoucandotohelpthemalong,andthat’swherewalkingesin.Evenaquickwalkcanreducestress,clarifythinkingorgiveyourcreativityaboost.Here’swhyyoushouldputyourbestfootforward.____37____Michelle,a21yearolduniversitystudent,discoveredwalkingasateenwhenshewasgoingthroughatoughperiodofstress.“Mymumloveswalking,soitwasherwhofirstsuggestedIgooutforawalk,”sheremembers.“Withinabout10minutesitmademefeelsomuchbetter.”Thebenefitofwalkinggoesbeyondcalming—itopensmentalcapacity.GillianMills,ahighschoolteacherwith20yearsofclassroomexperience,explains,“Whenstudentsfeeltoostressedtothinkstraight,weoftensuggestawalko