2024-2025學(xué)年福建省泉州市科技中學(xué)高一下學(xué)期第一次限時(shí)訓(xùn)練英語試題一、閱讀理解(★★)Hands-onbasketballTheboywasonlynineyearsoldwhenhedesigneda“hands-onbasketball”.ChrisHaashadtheideawhenhesawhisfriendsmisslotsofbaskets.Hisbasketballhaspaintedhandsonit.Thehandsshowyouwheretoputyourhandswhenyouthrowtheball.Todaypeopleusehisinventionaroundtheworld.WristiesAtage10,KathrynGregorywasplayingoutsideonedayinthecold.Herwrists(手腕)begantohurtfromthecoldsoshedecidedtofindawaytokeepbothherhandsandwristswarmduringthewinter.In1994,sheinventedWristies:fuzzysleeves(毛絨袖子)thatcanbewornunderneathglovestoprotectyourwristsfromthecold.Sheworkedwithhermomtogettheideaoffthegroundandnowtheproductissoldworldwide.Makin’BaconAbbeyFleckwas8yearsoldwhenshenoticedhowmuchtimeherparentsspentsoakingupbaconfat(吸干培根油脂)aftercooking.Sherealizedthatitmightbeeasiertohangbaconwhileitcooks.Thatwayyouwouldn’tneedpapertowelsanditwouldevenmakethebaconhealthier.Shethenworkedwithherfathertodesignadishthathangsbaconwhileitcooks.Nowpeoplecanseeherinventioninmanysupermarkets.BrailleLouisBraillehadanaccidentwhenhewasthree.Theaccidentlefthimblind.Atthattime,itwashardforblindchildrentoread.Theyhadtotouchraisedletters.ButitwasdifficulttotellaQfromanO,anRfromaB,andsoon.Whenhewasfifteen,Louisinventedanalphabet(字母表)thatusedraiseddots.TheBraillealphabetwasabigsuccess!1.Whoseinventionisrelatedtosports?

A．ChrisHaas’.B．KathrynGregory’s.C．AbbeyFleck’s.D．LouisBraille’s.2.WhatcanwelearnaboutMakin’Bacon?

A．Itwasinventedin1994.B．Itwasnamedafteritsinventor.C．Ithelpspeopleeatmorehealthily.D．Itreducesthecasesofcookingaccidents.3.Whatdothefourinventionshaveincommon?

A．Theywereinventedbykids.B．Theycameintobeingbychance.C．Theyweredesignedtohelpothers.D．Theybroughtwealthtotheirinventors.(★★)MichaelJ.FoxwasattheheightofhiscareerwhenhedevelopedParkinson’sdisease(帕金森病)in1991.Sincethen,hehasbeenfightingthediseaseandhasnotlosthisloveforlife.Afterhisdiagnosis(診斷),Michaelconcealedhisillnessforseveralyearsinordernottoriskhiscareerasanactor.Hisdiagnosisdidn’tbecomepublicuntil1999.Tothisday,hehasdonehisbestnottobeinfluencedbyhisillnessasmuchaspossibleandhasworkedbothinfrontofthecameraandasavoiceactor.MichaelsaidinaninterviewwiththeAmericanmagazineHauteLivingin2016:“IrealizenowthatIcanplayanybody,aslongastheyhaveParkinson’s.”Liketheroleof“LouisCanning”inTheGoodWife,whichheplayedfrom2010to2016.Forhisroleofthelawyer(律師),whosuffersfromthesideeffectsofmedication(藥物)totreatParkinson’s,hewasnominated(提名)fivetimesforanEmmy.Michaelhasshownthedoctorswhosaidthathewouldnotbeabletoworktenyearsafterthediagnosisthatthisisnotthecase.HehasfoundtherightwaytodealwithParkinson’sdiseaseforhim:Humor.InaninterviewinMarch2017,hejokedaboutmomentsinhiseverydaylifewhereheiscontrolledbyhisillness.“ThethingthatmakesitfunnytomeiswhenIthinkaboutsomeoneelsewatchingallthisandthinking,PoorMichaelcan’tevengetthecoffee—it’ssosad!”,explainsthe59-year-old.Sincehisdiagnosisbecamepublic,MichaelhasdevotedhimselftoParkinson’sresearch.In2000,hefoundedtheMichaelFoundationforParkinson’sResearchtofindacureforParkinson’sdisease.Bytheendof2018,800millionUSdollarshadalreadybeencollected.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“concealed”inparagraph2mean?

A．Hid.B．Feared.C．Refusedtotreat.D．Paidnoattentionto.5.WhatmadeMichael’sroleofthelawyersuccessful?

A．Theirsimilarpersonalities.B．Theirsimilarexperiences.C．Michael’shandsomeappearance.D．Michael’sdreamofbeingalawyer.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMichael?

A．Confidentandeasy-going.B．Patientandhonest.C．Toughandpositive.D．Independentandopen-minded.7.WhatdidMichaeldoforParkinson’sdisease?

A．Heprovidedmoneyforthosewithit.B．Hecalledonpeopletofaceitbravely.C．Heestablishedacentertotreatpeoplewithit.D．Hetriedtoraisemoneytosupportresearchonit.(★★★)Everytreetellsastory.Theyholdourmemories,representbelief,andwitnesscountlessmomentsofjoyandsorrow.Inourimagination,thereisalwaysaplaceforatree.ForthelocalsinNaunde,Mozambique,amangotreeprovidesmorethanjustshadefromtheSaharansun.Itisalsoatraditionalsettingforstorytelling,ceremonies,andregulatingvillagelife.“Itisaplacetomeetandtalk,toseekagreementandsettlearguments,tobridgedifferencesanddevelopunity,”wroteKofiAnnan,theformerSecretary-GeneraloftheUN.“Ifyouhaveaproblemandcan’tfindasolution,youmeetagaintomorrowunderthetreeandyoukeeptalking.”Themangotreealwaysstandsthere,witnessingandrememberingeverything,andatthesametimebecomesaninseparablepartofthecollectivememoryofthelocals.“Eachgrowthlayerthattreesaddeveryyearcontainsabitoftheairfromthatyear.Thetreesabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheairthroughtinypores(氣孔),whichhelpsbuildtheirtissues,sotheyphysicallyholdtherecordoftheyearsoftheirsurroundings,”saidBenjaminSwett,authorofNewYorkCityofTrees.Inthisway,treesalsoserveasnature’smemorystick,keepingarecordofahistoryaslongasthemselves.TheEnglishlanguageborrowsalotfromtrees:Weturnoveranewleafandbranchout,meaningwemoveonfromthepastandstartsomethingnew.Andtherearetimeswhenwecan’tseethewoodforthetrees.Wetendtoenjoytheflourishingleaves,branches,androotsofthetrees.However,wepaylittleattentiontotheforeststhatembracetrees.Thesamethingsoftenhappentousinourownlives.Weoftendipourselvesintosomebadexperiencesinlife.Asaresult,wemaygiveupataterriblemomentinsteadofimaginingsatisfyingsuccessafterdefeatingthefailure.Treesinspiremankind,notjustthroughlanguage,butthroughideas.PerhapsthemostfamousisatreeinagardeninLincolnshire,England,whereanapplefellandinspiredyoungIsaacNewtontowonder:Whywouldthatapplealwaysfalldirectlytotheground?Accordingtoan18th-centuryaccount,NewtonwashomefromCambridgewhenhesteppedintothegardenandintoareverie(沉思).There,theideaofgravitationcameintohismind,inspiredbyanapple.8.WhatistheroleofamangotreeinNaunde?

A．Aspottobindthelocalstogether.B．Awitnesstothechangingweather.C．AgenerousfoodsupplieronEarth.D．Asheltertoprotectvillagersindisasters.9.Howdotreeskeeparecordoftheirsurroundings?

A．Bychangingthewidthoftheirgrowthlayer.B．Bystickingoutbranchesindifferentdirections.C．Byabsorbingcarbondioxidetobuildtheirtissues.D．Byreflectingchangingclimateconditionswiththeirtinypores.10.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?

A．Suggestionsonfacingfailure.B．FamousEnglishstoriesabouttrees.C．Therelationshipbetweentreesandforests.D．LessonsfromEnglishexpressionsrelatedtotrees.11.WhydoestheauthormentionNewtoninthelastparagraph?

A．Toexplainthenecessityofobservation.B．Toshowhowgravitationwasdiscovered.C．Tostresstheimportanceoftreesininspiringideas.D．Tointroducehowtreesserveasamirrorofhistory.(★★★)Howdoesanecosystemwork?Whatmakesthepopulationofdifferentspeciesthewaytheyare?Whyaretheresomanyfliesandsofewwolves?Tofindananswer,scientistshavebuiltmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs,notingwhoeatswhomandhowmucheachoneeats.Withsuchmodels,scientistshavefoundoutsomekeyprinciplesoperatinginfoodwebs.Mostfoodwebs,forinstance,consistofmanyweaklinksratherthanafewstrongones.Whenapredatoralwayseatshugenumbersofasingleprey,thetwospeciesarestronglylinked;whenapredatorlivesonvariousspecies,theyareweaklylinked.Foodwebsmaybedominatedbymanyweaklinksbecausethatarrangementismorestableoverthelongterm.Ifapredatorcaneatseveralspecies,itcansurvivetheextinctionofoneofthem.Andifapredatorcanmoveontoanotherspeciesthatiseasiertofindwhenapreyspeciesbecomesrare,theswitchallowstheoriginalpreytorecover.Theweaklinksmaythuskeepspeciesfromdrivingoneanothertoextinction.Mathematicalmodelshavealsorevealedthatfoodwebsmaybeunstable,wheresmallchangesoftoppredatorscanleadtobigeffectsthroughoutentireecosystems.Inthe1960s,scientistsproposedthatpredatorsatthetopofafoodwebhadasurprisingamountofcontroloverthesizeofpopulationsofotherspecies—includingspeciestheydidnotdirectlyattack.Andunplannedhumanactivitieshaveprovedtheideaoftop-downcontrolbytoppredatorstobetrue.Intheocean,wefishedfortoppredatorssuchascodonanindustrialscale,whileonland,wekilledofflargepredatorssuchaswolves.Theseactionshavegreatlyaffectedtheecologicalbalance.Scientistshavebuiltanearly-warningsystembasedonmathematicalmodels.Ideally,thesystemwouldtelluswhentobreakdownorwouldevenallowustopullanecosystembackfromtheborderline.Preventioniskey,scientistssay,becauseonceecosystemspasstheirtippingpoint,itisremarkablydifficultforthemtoreturn.12.Whathavescientistsdiscoveredwiththehelpofmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs?

A．Thelivinghabitsofspeciesinfoodwebs.B．Therulesgoverningfoodwebsoftheecosystems.C．Theapproachestostudyingthespeciesintheecosystems.D．Thedifferencesbetweenweakandstronglinksinfoodwebs.13.Astronglinkisfoundbetweentwospecieswhenapredator________.

A．hasawidefondchoiceB．caneasilyfindnewpreyC．stickstoonepreyspeciesD．canquicklymovetoanotherplace14.Whatwillhappenifthepopulationsoftoppredatorsinafoodwebgreatlydecline?

A．Thepreyspeciestheydirectlyattackwilldieout.B．Thespeciestheyindirectlyattackwillturnintotoppredators.C．Thelivingenvironmentofotherspecieswillremainunchanged.D．Thepopulationsofotherspecieswillexperienceunexpectedchanges.15.WhatconclusioncanbedrawnfromtheexamplesinParagraph4?

A．Uncontrolledhumanactivitiesgreatlyupsetecosystems.B．Rapideconomicdevelopmentthreatensanimalhabitats.C．Speciesofcommercialvaluedominateotherspecies.D．Industrialactivitieshelpkeepfoodwebsstable.(★★)It’scommonthateveryonewantstogetthemostoutofhisteenageyears.Workinghardasateencanhelpyoudevelopgoodhabitsyoucancarryintoadulthood.Therearemanywaysyoucanupgradeyourlifeasateenager.Discoverwhatinspiresyou.Passions(酷愛)shouldmakeyoufeelexcited.Consideringwhatinspiresyouinyourday-to-daylifecanhelpyoumakeclearofpassions.16Thismaymeanyouhaveapassionforartorarthistory.Spendyourtimepouringyourenergiesintoyourpersonalpassions.17It’simportanttohavegoalsasateen,astheycanhelpshapeyouradultlife.Writingdownalotofgoalsforagivenyear,term,orsummercanhelpyouupgradeyourlife.Cleargoalsworkbest.18Forexample,maybeyou’reinterestedinanimalprotection.Agoallike“Iwillavoidusingproductstestedonanimals”isamorespecificgoalthan“Iwilldomyparttoendanimalcruelty.”Donotgiveintopressurefrompeopleofanage.It’sgreattobeopentotryingnewthingsasateen,andimportanttomakethemostofyourteenageyears.19Truefriendswillnottrytopressureyouintodoingsomethingyoudon’twanttodo.Peer(同齡人)pressurecomesindifferentforms,andcancreateunnecessarystressandtensioninyourlife.Knowhowtotellandavoidpeerpressure.Acceptyourstrengthsandweaknesses.Everyoneisgoodatdifferentthings.Youmaynothaveagiftforwriting,butyoumaybegoodatsciencecourses.20Youcannotsucceedineverything,andthat’sokay.

A．Donotlimityourselfasateenager.B．Setyourowngoalsforaspecialperiod.C．Focusonwhatyou’regoodatandwhatyouenjoy.D．Maybeyoulovereadingaboutartistsorfindgoingtoartmuseumsinspiring.E．However,youshouldnotdoanythingthatmakesyoufeeluncomfortableorunsafe.F．You’llendupmeetingpeopleyourownageanddevelopingagroupoffriendsatwork.G．Thatmeanswhenwritinggoalsyoushouldstateclearlyhowyouwanttogoafterthesethings.二、完形填空(★★★)Withoutarmsandlegs,artistAdamaTraoreofAbidjanfindsauniquewaytomakehisart.Hehasbeen________apaintbrushinhismouthforyears,linebyline,colorbycolor.Missinglimbs(四肢)since________,hewassenttoacenterfor________youthatnine.He________skillstopaintandevendrewwithmarkers(記號(hào)筆).Hewas________byaladynamedMarioDealinthecenter.Thankstothekindandfriendlywoman,thereweremorethan100disabledmeninthecenter.Yettheladysufferedfromdiseasesandpassedaway.Traorewasverysad,endingup________.Justgettingaroundwas________possibleforhim.________hehadnomoney,noneoftaxidriverswouldpickupapersonwithsuchseriousdisability.Buthekeptpaintingcolorfullandscapesandportraits(肖像),________gainingthepublic’sacceptance.Traoreslowlybuiltup________fromhisartworkandusedthemto________asmallartstudio.Hegotmarriedandnowgoesto________bytaxi.Thedriver________bytheartist’scouragenowgiveshimbotharideandabitofa________onthefare.EverydayhepicksupTraoreand________himoffandthenextdayagain.Honestly,moneydoesn’tmatter,butit’s________.Traoresays,“IfIdidn’t________,Idon’tknowwhatIwoulddo.Ican’tbeacarpenterorabuilder.IfI’mjustsittinghere,peoplewouldsaythemanisabeggar.Butwhentheyseemepainting,theyregardmeasa________man.”Traoregetsabout84dollarsforeachpainting.Traoresayspaintingismedicineandlifts________.Indeed,painting________TraoreAdama.21.A．draggingB．buildingC．plantingD．holding22.A．a(chǎn)doptionB．interviewC．birthD．a(chǎn)dulthood23.A．a(chǎn)ddictedB．disabledC．desertedD．depressed24.A．learnedB．createdC．experimentedD．a(chǎn)cknowledged25.A．broughtoutB．broughtbackC．broughtupD．broughtabout26.A．selflessB．homelessC．unawareD．uncertain27.A．hardlyB．extremelyC．undoubtedlyD．a(chǎn)bsolutely28.A．DiscussingB．ForgettingC．ThinkingD．Planning29.A．exactlyB．finallyC．suddenlyD．generally30.A．waysB．materialsC．wishesD．savings31.A．openB．visitC．decorateD．design32.A．prayB．wanderC．workD．practice33.A．caughtB．impressedC．guidedD．controlled34.A．suggestionB．reminderC．problemD．discount35.A．dropsB．pushesC．rushesD．skips36.A．healthB．determinationC．luckD．popularity37.A．cheatB．loseC．driveD．paint38.A．usefulB．wiseC．poorD．perfect39.A．educationB．experienceC．levelsD．spirits40.A．leavesB．a(chǎn)rrangesC．makesD．greets三、選詞填空(★★)選詞填空

A.pickoutB.fightforC.beregardedas

D.theotherdayE.inspiteofF.comeacrossG.apartfrom41.I’vejust________________abeautifulpoeminthisbook.42.Heneverlostthewilltolive________________whathappened.43.Theauthorsaysthatthesoldiers________________freedomnotformoney.44.I'vefinishedmyhomework________________thelastquestion.45.Hewill________________apioneerinthefieldoftechnology.四、語法填空(★★★)46.ThewomanwasTuYouyou,thefirstChinesefemalescientist______(award)aNobelPrizeforherwork.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）(★★)47.Thereasonwhythiswasdifficultwasthattheteamhad________(limit)resources.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)(★★)48.Theydidnothaveenoughstaff,andthelaboratory________whichtheyworkedhadpoorairquality.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)(★★)49.Unfortunately,in1995disaster________(strike)Reeve.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)(★★★)50.Itwasonlyduetotheongoingsupportofhiswife,parentsandfriends____heeventuallyfoundthewilltoliveagain.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)(★★)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Alittlegreenboxcalled“TheBird”becamecommonamonghospitalpatientsthroughouttheworldafterit51(introduce)in1958.Itwasthefirst52(high)trusted,low-cost,mass-producedmedicalrespirator(批量生產(chǎn)的醫(yī)用呼吸器)intheworld,53(invent)byForrestBird.BirdwasborninStoughton,Massachusetts.Hisfather,aWorldWarIpilot,encouragedhimtoflyalonein54airplanebyage14.DuringWorldWarII,asanofficerwiththeArmyAirCorps,Birdbecameatechnicalairtrainingofficer.Atthattimeairplaneswerebeginningtoexceed(超過)heights55pilotscouldbreathewithouthelp.ThisprovidedBirdwithhisfirstchanceatdevelopingtechnologyforhelpingbreathing.Afterattendingmanymedicalschoolsand56(complete)variousresidencies(實(shí)習(xí)期),BirddevelopedtheBirdUniversalMedicalRespirator57cardiopulmonary(心肺的)care.Hetestedthedevicebytravelingtomedicalschoolsandaskingdoctorsfortheirmostillpatients.Ineachcase,knowntherapies(療法)hadfailedandthepatientwasexpected58(die)ofcardiopulmonaryfailure.Althoughsomepatientsdied,manytimesTheBirdsucceeded.In59(recognize)ofhiswork,Birdreceivedthe2008NationalMedalofTechnologyandInnovation.The“Babybird”respirator,introducedin1970,reducedthenumberofdeathsofbabiesduetorespiratory60(problem)from70percenttolessthantenpercent.五、書面表達(dá)(★★★)61.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Ihadayoungersister,Michelle.Butasabigbrother,Irarelycaredforher.OnaSundayinMarchwhenIwas8,Easter(復(fù)活節(jié))came.Asusual,mysisterandIwouldsearchforthehiddenbasketsfullofcandyandotherthingspreparedforus.OnthatEastermorning,Igotupearly.“Michelle!”Iwhisperedtomysister,whowasstillsleepinginherbedroom.“Wakeup.It’sEaster.Wehavetogoandfindourbaskets.”Sherolledoverinbedandfinallygotup.“MomandDadarestillsleeping,”Iwarnedheraswewalkedoutintothekitchen.“Ifwe’requiet,wecanfindourbasketswithoutwakingthemup.”Itdidn’ttakelongformetofindmybasket,whichhadcandy,toys,etc.Thisbasketwasobviouslyminebe