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PAGE1PAGE2原創(chuàng)精品資源學科網獨家享有版權,侵權必究!Unit6EarthandBeyond(宇宙探索)話題閱讀精練模塊語篇題型體裁詞數(shù)內容簡介時文閱讀中國太空計算衛(wèi)星課外閱讀說明文2202025年5月中國發(fā)射12顆計算衛(wèi)星,借長征火箭開啟全球首個“三體計算星座”,可在軌處理數(shù)據(jù),2035年計劃擴展至2800顆衛(wèi)星。實戰(zhàn)演練太空旅游與風險完形填空記敘文102有人花巨資和宇航員太空旅行,如DennisTito(2001年)、AnoushehAnsari(2006年),太空旅行面臨輻射、太空病等風險。學校太空展通知閱讀理解A應用文(通知)151學校4月29-30日組織參觀廣州科技館太空展,學生票30元,29日有王亞平免費講座,30日可付費用望遠鏡觀測火星。行星辦冬奧會B說明文98探討在其他行星辦冬奧會的可能:水星夜晚有冰可滑冰,火星有冰雪和山可滑雪,冥王星極冷冰硬可滑雪橇。中國月球探索計劃C說明文131中國月球探索成果顯著,計劃派機器人找水等資源、建基地(可給航天器加油),未來普通人或可登月,月球或成人類第八大陸。太空洗衣解決方案閱讀還原說明文102太空無重力難洗衣,宇航員需帶大量衣服;俄羅斯研發(fā)特殊洗衣機,用宇航員呼出的二氧化碳制液體,無需水即可清潔衣服。第三節(jié)太空課任務閱讀說明文13110月12日神舟十四號航天員在問天實驗艙上第三節(jié)太空課,演示站著睡、用2米吸管喝果汁、“懶惰水球”等實驗。時文閱讀時文閱讀OnMay14,2025,Chinasent12newcomputingsatellitesintospace.TheyusedaLongMarchrocketfromtheJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenter.Thiswasabigstep!Itstartedtheworld’sfirstspacecomputingnetwork.It’scalledtheThree-bodyComputingConstellation.Thenamecomesfromaphysicsproblemaboutobjectsmovinginspace.Thesesatellitescanworkrightinorbit,notjustsenddatatoEarth.2025年5月14日,中國將12顆新型計算衛(wèi)星送入太空。這些衛(wèi)星通過酒泉衛(wèi)星發(fā)射中心的長征火箭發(fā)射,邁出了重大一步——開啟了全球首個太空計算網絡,名為“三體計算星座”。其名稱源自一個關于太空物體運動的物理問題。這些衛(wèi)星可直接在軌道運行,而非僅向地球傳輸數(shù)據(jù)?!?/p>

computingsatellite

計算衛(wèi)星(具備數(shù)據(jù)處理功能的衛(wèi)星)·constellation

[?k?nst??le??n]n.衛(wèi)星群·orbit

[???b?t]n.軌道ZhejiangLab,GuoxingAerospace,andothergroupsmadethesesatellites.Eachonecando744trillioncalculationseverysecond!Together,theyformastrongnetwork.WhentheycircletheEarth,theycananalyzedataquickly.Forexample,theycanfindforestfiresinseconds.Theycanalsomake3Dmapsoffloodedareastohelprescueteams.Before,old-stylesatellitestookdaystodosuchjobs.之江實驗室、國星宇航等機構聯(lián)合研制了這些衛(wèi)星。每顆衛(wèi)星每秒可完成744萬億次計算!它們共同構成強大網絡,繞地球運行時能快速分析數(shù)據(jù):例如幾秒內發(fā)現(xiàn)森林火災,生成洪澇區(qū)3D地圖助力救援。而老式衛(wèi)星完成此類工作需數(shù)天?!rillion

[?tr?lj?n]num.萬億·calculation[?k?lkju?le??(?)n]n.計算,運算

·analyze

[??n?la?z]v.分析

·rescue

[?reskju?]n.救援Oldsatelliteswastedalotoftime—70%to90%—becauseofslowdatasending.Thenewnetworkfixesthis.Itworksondatawhileinspace,cuttingdelaysfromweekstojustseconds.Itcanhelpwithdeep-spacetrips,likegoingtoMars.Byworkinginspace,itavoidslongwaitsformessagestoreachEarth.老式衛(wèi)星因數(shù)據(jù)傳輸緩慢浪費70%-90%時間,而新網絡解決了這一問題:在太空直接處理數(shù)據(jù),將延遲從數(shù)周縮短至秒級。它能支持深空探測(如火星任務),通過太空本地運算避免信號傳回地球的漫長等待?!ix

[f?ks]v.解決·delay

[d??le?]n.延遲

·deep-space

[?di?p?spe?s]adj.深空的

Thesatellitesuselasercommunicationwhichissuperfast(100Gbps!).TheyalsouseAItrainedonhugedata.Thesetoolshelptrackplanesandwatchfordisasters.Theycanevenstudyspaceeventslikegamma-raybursts.By2035,Chinaplanstogrowthenetworkto2,800satellites.Thiswillconnectspaceandgroundcentersallovertheworld.衛(wèi)星采用超高速激光通信(100Gbps),并運用經海量數(shù)據(jù)訓練的人工智能。這些技術可追蹤飛機、監(jiān)測災害,甚至研究伽馬射線暴等太空事件。中國計劃到2035年將該網絡擴展至2800顆衛(wèi)星,連接全球太空與地面中心?!?/p>

lasercommunication

激光通信(通過激光傳輸數(shù)據(jù)的技術)

·gamma-rayburst

伽馬射線暴(宇宙中的劇烈爆發(fā)現(xiàn)象)

·track

[tr?k]v.追蹤ProfessorWangJianisatopengineerleadingZhejiangLab.Hesaid,“Spacecomputingpowerwillchangeindustries.Itwillhelpinthingslikedisasterresponseandcityplanning.”Heledtheteamthatmadethesatellites’AIsystems.Thisprojectshowshownewideascanturnproblemsintochances.Itmakesapathforsmarterspaceexploration.之江實驗室首席工程師王建教授表示:“太空計算能力將改變產業(yè)格局,助力災害應對與城市規(guī)劃?!彼麕ьI團隊研發(fā)了衛(wèi)星的人工智能系統(tǒng)。該項目展現(xiàn)了創(chuàng)新如何化問題為機遇,為更智能的太空探索鋪路。·

computingpower計算能力(數(shù)據(jù)處理的效率)·industry[??nd?stri]n.工業(yè);產業(yè)

·disasterresponse

災害應對(災害發(fā)生后的應急行動)

·exploration

[?ekspl??re??n]n.探索【重、難點詞匯梳理】1.send

[send]v.發(fā)送

語境用法:文中“sent12newcomputingsatellitesintospace”表示“將12顆新型計算衛(wèi)星送入太空”,突破“發(fā)送郵件/信息”的日常義,拓展“發(fā)射(衛(wèi)星)”的航天語境,核心搭配“sendsthintospace”(將某物送入太空),需結合“rocket(火箭)”“l(fā)aunch(發(fā)射)”等關聯(lián)詞匯理解場景。2.form

[f??m]v.形成;構成

語境用法:“formastrongnetwork”指“構成強大的(衛(wèi)星)網絡”,側重“抽象系統(tǒng)的建立”,區(qū)別于“formahabit(養(yǎng)成習慣)”的日常義,搭配“formanetwork/system/group”(構成網絡/系統(tǒng)/團隊),文中體現(xiàn)多顆衛(wèi)星協(xié)同的技術邏輯。3.circle

[?s??kl]v.環(huán)繞;繞……運行

語境用法:“circletheEarth”描述衛(wèi)星“繞地球運行”,突破“圓圈”的名詞義,需結合“orbit(軌道)”理解動作場景,搭配“circle+星球(Earth/moon/Mars)”,是航天主題的關鍵動作表達。4.help

[help]v.幫助;助力

語境用法:文中覆蓋多場景搭配——“helprescueteams(幫助救援隊)”“helpwithdeep-spacetrips(助力深空探測)”“helpindisasterresponse(助力災害應對)”,既包含“helpsb/sth”的基礎結構,也拓展“helpwith/insth”的抽象用法,體現(xiàn)“技術輔助人類活動”的核心邏輯。5.waste

[we?st]v.浪費

語境用法:“wastedalotoftime—70%to90%—becauseofslowdatasending”指“因數(shù)據(jù)傳輸慢浪費大量時間”,搭配“wastetime(in)doingsth”(浪費時間做某事),結合“old-stylesatellites(老式衛(wèi)星)”的低效對比,讓學生理解“浪費”的具體場景(時間/資源)。6.avoid

[??v??d]v.避免;規(guī)避

語境用法:“avoidslongwaitsformessagestoreachEarth”表示“規(guī)避信號傳回地球的漫長等待”,后接動名詞“avoiddoingsth”(避免做某事),突破日?!癮voidmistakes(避免錯誤)”的簡單義,拓展“規(guī)避抽象問題(delays/risks/wastes)”的科技語境。7.plan

[pl?n]v.計劃;規(guī)劃

語境用法:“planstogrowthenetworkto2,800satellitesby2035”指“計劃到2035年將衛(wèi)星網絡擴展至2800顆”,搭配“plantodosth”(計劃做某事),結合具體數(shù)字和時間節(jié)點,體現(xiàn)“未來技術規(guī)劃”的表達,幫助學生掌握“目標+時間”的計劃句式。8.change

[t?e?nd?]v.改變;變革

語境用法:“Spacecomputingpowerwillchangeindustries”表示“太空計算能力將變革產業(yè)格局”,突破“更換(衣服)、變化(天氣)”的日常義,拓展“變革抽象事物(industries/society/technology)”的深層含義,搭配“change+抽象名詞”,體現(xiàn)技術對社會的影響。9.track

[tr?k]v.追蹤;監(jiān)測

語境用法:“helptrackplanes”指“幫助追蹤飛機”,是AI與衛(wèi)星結合的具體應用,搭配“track+動態(tài)目標(planes/satellites/ships)”,區(qū)別于“trackapath(跟蹤路線)”的簡單義,需理解“實時監(jiān)測移動對象”的技術功能。10.analyze

[??n?la?z]v.分析

語境用法:“analyzedataquickly”是衛(wèi)星的核心功能——“快速分析數(shù)據(jù)”,如“findforestfiresbyanalyzingdata(通過分析數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn)森林火災)”,搭配“analyzedata/information/samples”(分析數(shù)據(jù)/信息/樣本),是“數(shù)據(jù)處理”的關鍵動作,幫助學生建立科技文本的動作認知。11.delay

[d??le?]n.延遲;滯后

語境用法:“cuttingdelaysfromweekstojustseconds”指“將延遲從數(shù)周縮短至秒級”,是新舊衛(wèi)星對比的核心差異,搭配“cut/reduce/avoiddelays”(減少/規(guī)避延遲),需結合“datasending(數(shù)據(jù)傳輸)”理解“延遲”的技術含義,避免與“delayv.推遲”混淆。12.fix

[f?ks]v.解決;修復

語境用法:“Thenewnetworkfixesthis”(新網絡解決了這一問題),突破“修理(物品)”的基礎義,拓展“解決抽象問題(problems/issues/wastes)”,搭配“fixaproblem/issue”,文中特指“解決老式衛(wèi)星的延遲問題”,體現(xiàn)“技術解決痛點”的邏輯。13.network

[?netw??k]n.網絡

語境用法:從日?!癱omputernetwork(電腦網絡)”延伸到“spacecomputingnetwork(太空計算網絡)”“satellitenetwork(衛(wèi)星網絡)”,搭配“build/grow/connectanetwork”(構建/擴展/連接網絡),幫助學生理解“多設備協(xié)同的系統(tǒng)”這一抽象概念,是航天技術的核心名詞。14.rescue

[?reskju?]n.救援

語境用法:“helprescueteams”“make3Dmapsoffloodedareastohelprescue”指“助力救援隊開展洪澇救援”,搭配“rescueteams/operations/missions”(救援隊/救援行動/救援任務),結合災害場景,讓學生掌握“緊急救助”的相關表達,關聯(lián)“disaster(災害)”主題。15.exploration

[?ekspl??re??n]n.探索

語境用法:“makeapathforsmarterspaceexploration”表示“為更智能的太空探索鋪路”,搭配“spaceexploration/deep-spaceexploration”(太空探索/深空探索),結合“Marstrips(火星任務)”,培養(yǎng)學生對“未知領域考察”的詞匯認知,契合“科技探索”的主題?!鹃L難句分析】1.Thiswasabigstep!Itstartedtheworld’sfirstspacecomputingnetwork,whichiscalledtheThree-bodyComputingConstellation.

中文翻譯:這是重要的一步!它開啟了全球首個太空計算網絡,名為“三體計算星座”。

結構分析:主句為“Itstartedtheworld’sfirstspacecomputingnetwork”,核心信息是“開啟太空計算網絡”;非限制性定語從句“whichiscalled...”修飾“network”,用“which”補充網絡名稱(八年級重點語法:which引導定語從句表補充說明);語法難點:通過“called”的過去分詞形式理解被動含義,對應中文“名為……”的表達。2.WhentheycircletheEarth,theycananalyzedataquickly,forexample,findingforestfiresinseconds.

中文翻譯:當它們繞地球運行時,能快速分析數(shù)據(jù),例如在幾秒內發(fā)現(xiàn)森林火災。

結構分析:時間狀語從句“WhentheycircletheEarth”說明動作發(fā)生的條件(八年級重點:when引導時間從句);現(xiàn)在分詞短語“findingforestfires”作伴隨狀語,表“分析數(shù)據(jù)”的具體結果(八年級難點:現(xiàn)在分詞表伴隨/結果);邏輯關系:通過“forexample”明確舉例說明的邏輯,幫助理解“快速分析數(shù)據(jù)”的實際應用。3.Itworksondatawhileinspace,cuttingdelaysfromweekstojustseconds.

中文翻譯:它在太空中處理數(shù)據(jù),將延遲從數(shù)周縮短至僅幾秒。

結構分析:主句為“Itworksondata”,“whileinspace”是省略句,完整形式為“whileitisinspace”(八年級語法:狀語從句的省略);現(xiàn)在分詞短語“cuttingdelays”表結果,說明“太空處理數(shù)據(jù)”帶來的效果(語法遷移:類似“increasingspeed”“reducingtime”的表達);語言特點:“from...to...”結構清晰呈現(xiàn)變化幅度,適合仿寫“從……到……”的對比句型?!菊Z篇分析】本文以“中國三體計算星座的發(fā)射與應用”為主題,展現(xiàn)太空計算技術的突破。通過“全球首個太空計算網絡”“2035年擴展至2800顆衛(wèi)星”等信息,了解中國在航天領域的創(chuàng)新成就,增強對“科技強國”的認同感;“連接全球太空與地面中心”,體現(xiàn)中國技術的開放性,理解“科技合作應對全球挑戰(zhàn)”的理念(如災害監(jiān)測、深空探索)。英語學習與航天知識(軌道運行、激光技術)、地理(災害監(jiān)測)、數(shù)學(萬億次計算)結合,拓展“科技英語”的學習邊界。實戰(zhàn)演練實戰(zhàn)演練一、完形填空Whereareyougoingforyournextholiday?Disneyland?SeaWorld?Outerspace?Somepeoplearenowspendingalotofmoneytravellingintospacewith1.ThefirstspacetouristwasDennisTito,amanfromtheUS.In2001,he2$20milliongoingtotheInternationalSpaceStation.Titotraveledwithastronautsonthestation3aboutaweek.AnotherspacetouristwasAnoushehAnsari,anIranian-Americanwoman.She4theInternationalSpaceStationin2006.Sheisthefirstfemalespacetourist.Spacetravelmayhavesome5.Spacetouristshaveto6aboutradiation(輻射).Airaroundtheearthprotectsusfrom7radiationfromthesun.Radiationfromthesunanddeepspacemaydoharmtospacetourists.8problemisspacesickness.Withouttheearth’sgravity(重力)holdingthemdown,touristsflyaroundinsidetheInternationalSpaceStation.Itmaylook9onTV,butitcanmakespacetouristssick.10,theymayfeelmuchbettersoon.Thentheycanenjoythemselvesandseethebeautifulearth.1.A.astronauts B.doctors C.scientists D.teachers2.A.took B.cost C.spent D.paid3.A.in B.for C.through D.with4.A.climbed B.visited C.covered D.cleaned5.A.mistakes B.noises C.problems D.accidents6.A.discover B.laugh C.think D.mix7.A.dangerous B.warm C.long D.strange8.A.Others B.Theothers C.Other D.Another9.A.hard B.funny C.terrible D.real10.A.Luckily B.Suddenly C.Exactly D.Traditionally【答案】1.A2.C3.B4.B5.C6.C7.A8.D9.B10.A【導語】本文圍繞“太空旅行”這一新興旅游方式展開,通過具體案例和潛在風險分析,展現(xiàn)了其吸引力與挑戰(zhàn)性。1.句意:有些人現(xiàn)在正和宇航員一起花很多錢去太空旅行。astronauts宇航員;doctors醫(yī)生;scientists科學家;teachers老師。根據(jù)后文“Titotraveledwithastronautsonthestation”可知是和宇航員一起旅行,故選A。2.句意:2001年,他花了2000萬美元前往國際空間站。took花費,主語常為it;cost花費,主語為物;spent花費,主語為人,常用于“spend+時間/金錢+(in)doingsth.”或“spend+時間/金錢+onsth.”結構;paid支付,主語為人,常用于“payforsth.”結構。根據(jù)“he...$20milliongoingtotheInternationalSpaceStation”可知,此處是“spend+金錢+(in)doingsth.”結構,表示“花費金錢做某事”,故選C。3.句意:蒂托和空間站上的宇航員一起旅行了大約一個星期。in后接年/月/季節(jié);for后接一段時間;through通過;with和……一起。根據(jù)“aboutaweek”可知,此處表示一段時間,應用for,故選B。4.句意:2006年,她參觀了國際空間站。climbed爬;visited參觀;covered覆蓋;cleaned打掃。根據(jù)“theInternationalSpaceStation”可知,此處指參觀國際空間站,故選B。5.句意:太空旅行可能會有一些問題。mistakes錯誤;noises噪音;problems問題;accidents事故。根據(jù)后文“Spacetouristshaveto...aboutradiation(輻射).”以及“Anotherproblemisspacesickness.”可知,此處指太空旅行可能存在的問題,故選C。6.句意:太空游客必須考慮輻射問題。discover發(fā)現(xiàn);laugh笑;think思考;mix混合。根據(jù)“aboutradiation(輻射)”可知,此處是“thinkabout”短語,意為“考慮”,故選C。7.句意:地球周圍的空氣保護我們免受來自太陽的危險輻射。dangerous危險的;warm溫暖的;long長的;strange奇怪的。根據(jù)“Radiationfromthesunanddeepspacemaydoharmtospacetourists.”可知,來自太陽和深空的輻射對太空游客有害,所以是危險的,故選A。8.句意:另一個問題是太空病。Others其他人或物;Theothers其余的人或物(表示在一個范圍內的其他全部);Other其他的,后接名詞復數(shù);Another另一個(三者或三者以上中的另一個)。根據(jù)前文“Spacetravelmayhavesome...”以及“problemisspacesickness.”可知,此處指另一個問題,應用another,故選D。9.句意:這在電視上看起來很有趣,但可能會讓太空游客感到惡心。hard困難的;funny有趣的;terrible可怕的;real真實的。根據(jù)“onTV,butitcanmakespacetouristssick”可知,前后是轉折關系,雖然看起來有趣,但是會讓人惡心,故選B。10.句意:幸運的是,他們可能很快就會感覺好很多。Luckily幸運地;Suddenly突然地;Exactly確切地;Traditionally傳統(tǒng)地。根據(jù)“theymayfeelmuchbettersoon”可知,感覺好很多是幸運的,故選A。二、閱讀理解ASchoolTrip:SpaceExplorationExhibition(展覽)Aspartofourschool’sscienceresearchactivities,we’replanningavisittotheexcitingSpaceExplorationExhibitionatGuangzhouScienceMuseum.StudentswilllearnaboutChina’sspaceachievementsthroughinteractive(互動的)exhibits.ExhibitionDetails*Time:April29th-30th,2025(Specialschoolgroupdates)*Location:GuangzhouScienceMuseum(TakeMetroLine3toScienceMuseumStationExitB)*TicketPrice:Adults¥60|Students(withID)¥30|Childrenunder6FreeExhibitionZoneHighlightsActivitiesMoonlandingRealmoonrocks,Chang’e-5VRexperienceBuildaminirocket(forkids)MarsMissionZhurongrovermodelSimplerobotprogramming(age10+)FutureSpaceTiangongspacestation3DmodelsSpacequizwithprizes*SpecialEvents?April29th:MySpaceJourney—atalkbytheChinesewomanastronautWangYaping(free)?April30th:TelescopeobservationofMars(¥20extra)*RulesforVisitors?Schoolgroupsmustarrivetogether.

Nofood/drinksinexhibitionareas.?Photographyallowed(noflash).Childrenunder12mustbeaccompanied.*Togetmoreinformation,youcanvisitthewebsitewww.orcallaHowmuchshoulda15-year-oldstudentpayifhewantstovisittheexhibition?A.¥60 B.¥30 C.¥20 D.Free2.WhichactivityisNOTintheMoonlandingzone?A.Touchingrealmoonrocks. B.TryingaVRexperience.C.Buildingaminirocket. D.Joiningarobotchallenge.3.WhatcanvisitorsdointheFutureSpacezone?A.SeeaMarsrovermodel. B.Seea3D-printedspacestationmodel.C.WatchMarsthroughtelescopes. D.MeetAstronautWangYaping.4.Whenisthefreeastronauttalk?A.OnMarch10th. B.OnApril1st. C.OnApril29th. D.OnApril30th.5.Wherecanwefindthispassage?A.Aschoolnotice. B.Asciencetextbook.C.Anewsreport. D.Atravelguide.【答案】1.B2.D3.B4.C5.A【導語】本文是學校關于參觀廣州科學館太空探索展覽的通知。1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TicketPrice:Adults¥60|Students(withID)¥30|Childrenunder6Free”可知,學生(帶證件)需支付¥30,15歲屬于學生范圍。故選B。2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Moonlanding”中“Realmoonrocks,Chang’e-5VRexperience”和“Buildaminirocket(forkids)”可知,D選項“加入機器人挑戰(zhàn)?!辈话ㄔ趦取9蔬xD。3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“FutureSpace”中“Tiangongspacestation3Dmodels”可知,能看到3D打印的空間站模型。故選B。4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“April29th:MySpaceJourney—atalkbytheChinesewomanastronautWangYaping(free)”可知,4月29日為免費講座時間。故選C。5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“SchoolTrip:SpaceExplorationExhibition”以及全文可知,本文是學校關于參觀廣州科學館太空探索展覽的通知。故選A。BThe2022WinterOlympicsweresuccessful.SportsmenacrosstheworldcametoBeijingandZhangjiakou.Wintersportsneedtobeincoldplaces.So,isitpossibletoholdtheWinterOlympicsonotherplanets?Mercury(水星)It’stheclosestplanettothesun.Inthedaytime,thetemperaturecanbe430℃.Atnight,itcoolsdownto-200℃.ThesuncanneverreachoneareaonMercury.There’slotsoficethere.Maybewecouldgoskatingthere!MarsThetemperatureonMarsisbetween-140℃and30℃.Iceandsnowcoversomeareasallyearround.Someoftheiceismadeof(由……制成)carbondioxide(二氧化碳),notwater.ThereisalsoabigmountaincalledMountOlympus.Somaybewecanski(滑雪)onMars.Pluto(冥王星)Plutoisveryfarawayfromthesun.It’sreallycoldthere,becausethetemperatureisbetween-238℃and-218℃.There’slotsofice.Andtheiceisevenharderthansteel(鋼鐵).Somaybewecouldgosledding(滑雪橇)onPluto.1.Whichplanetistheclosesttothesun?A.Mercury. B.Mars. C.Pluto. D.Earth.2.What’sthehighesttemperatureonMars?A.430℃. B.-140℃. C.30℃. D.-218℃.3.Whichofthefollowingisnecessary(必要的)forskiingonMars?①iceandsnow

②water

③abigmountainA.①② B.②③ C.①③ D.②4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaboutPluto?A.It’sfarawayfromthesun.B.It’sveryhotinthedaytime.C.Theicethereisharderthansteel.D.ThetemperatureonPlutoisbetween-238℃and-218℃.5.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanwereadthepassage?A.Science. B.Health. C.Music. D.Culture.【答案】1.A2.C3.C4.B5.A【導語】本文主要介紹了水星、火星和冥王星的自然環(huán)境。1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Mercury(水星)It’stheclosestplanettothesun.”可知,水星距離太陽最近。故選A。2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ThetemperatureonMarsisbetween-140℃and30℃.”可知,火星上的最高溫度是30℃。故選C。3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Iceandsnowcoversomeareasallyearround.Someoftheiceismadeof(由……制成)carbondioxide(二氧化碳),notwater.ThereisalsoabigmountaincalledMountOlympus.”可知,在火星上滑雪要有冰雪和高山,不需要水。故選C。4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“It’sreallycoldthere,becausethetemperatureisbetween-238℃and-218℃.”可知,冥王星整天整夜都很冷。故選B。5.推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了水星、火星和冥王星的自然環(huán)境,所以可以在科學部分看到。故選A。CChinahasmadegreatachievementsinstudyingtheMoon,withrobotsstillworkingonthemoon.Chinahasalsohadplansforthecomingyears,includinggettingsomethingusefulfromthemoon’sfarside.“Theyear2024hasbeenthe20thyearsinceourcountrystarteditsprogramtostudytheMoon.Wewillcaremoreaboutthestudyanduseofresources(資源)onthemoon,”Yang,aresearcher,said.“Thefirststepwillbesendinglargenumbersofrobotstolookforresource-richplacesespeciallythosewithwater.________Withit,wewillbeabletogrowplantsthere.Andthenwewillfindotherresourcestouse.Bythattime,humanswillbeabletosetupbases.Theycanallowlong-termroboticcontrolsandhumanscanstaythereforashorttime.Astronautscanalsoworkonthemoon,”Yangsaid.Yangsaidthebasescouldalsobeusedtorefuelspacecraft(給航天器加油)carryinghumanstofarawayplacesinsidethesolarsystem.“Ofcourse,itwillbeverydifficultbutifwecanmakeithappen,thenitwillbeaveryimportantthingtohumansontheEarth,”Yangsaid.HeaddedthatChinesescientistshadstartedmakinganimportantsystem(系統(tǒng)).ThissystemwillbeabletoprovidehelpandservicesforspaceshipstravellingbetweentheEarthandthemoon.AccordingtoYang,commonpeoplewillbeabletotravelbetweentheEarthandthemooninthenearfuture.Whenmoon-connectedjourneysbecomeeasyforcommonpeople,themoonwillthenbecomemankind’seighthcontinent(大陸).1.Whichofthefollowingcanweputintotheblank?A.Findingwatermaynotbepossibleforscientists.B.Oncewefindwater,wecanstarttobuildourbasesthere.C.Therobotswilllookforotherresourcesafterfindingwater.D.Wateristhemostimportantthingforusifwewanttoliveonthemoon.2.HowdoesYanglikehavingbasesonthemoon?A.Easybutmeaningless. B.Possibleandcheap.C.Easyanduseful. D.Difficultbutimportant.3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingshowsthecorrectorderoftheevents?a.Peopletraveltothemoon.

b.Chinabeginsmoonstudy.c.Basesarebuiltonthemoon.

d.Robotssearchformoonresources.A.b-a-d-c B.d-b-c-a C.b-d-c-a D.d-c-b-a4.Whatdoesthewritermeaninthelastparagraph?A.It’snoteasyforhumanstoliveonthemoon.B.Themoonwillbeanewlivingplaceforhumans.C.Moontravelwillstillbedifficultformostpeople.D.Themoonhasalreadybeenapopulartouristplaceforhumans.5.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheImportanceofWater. B.SpacecraftRefuelingontheMoon.C.CommonPeople’sMoonTrips. D.FromRobotstoFutureHumanBases.【答案】1.D2.D3.C4.B5.D【導語】本文主要介紹了中國在月球探索方面取得的成就和未來計劃。1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Thefirststepwillbesendinglargenumbersofrobotstolookforresource-richplacesespeciallythosewithwater.”可知,此處提到要先找到有水的地方,故水是很重要的,選項D“如果我們想在月球上生活,水對我們來說是最重要的?!狈险Z境。故選D。2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Ofcourse,itwillbeverydifficultbutifwecanmakeithappen,thenitwillbeaveryimportantthingtohumansontheearth,”可知,楊認為在月球建立基地是有挑戰(zhàn)性但是有用。故選D。3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Wewillcaremoreaboutthestudyanduseofresources(資源)onthemoon,”“Thefirststepwillbesendinglargenumbersofrobotstolookforresource-richplacesespeciallythosewithwater.”“humanswillbeabletosetupbases.”及“commonpeoplewillbeabletotravelbetweentheearthandthemooninthenearfuture.”可知,正確順序為:中國開始研究月球,機器人搜尋月球資源,基地建在月球上,人們去月球旅行。故選C。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“AccordingtoYang,commonpeoplewillbeabletotravelbetweentheearthandthemooninthenearfuture.”可知,在不久的將來,普通人將能夠在地球和月球之間旅行,也就是月球將是人類的新居住地。故選B。5.最佳標題題。根據(jù)“Chinahasmadegreatachievementsinstudyingthemoon,withrobotsstillworkingonthemoon.Chinahasalsohadplansforthecomingyears,includinggettingsomethingusefulfromthemoon’sfarside.”及通讀全文可知,本文主要講述了中國在月球探索方面取得的成就及未來計劃,將派遣機器人去尋找資源豐富的地方并建立基地,故“從機器人到未來的人類基地”符合本文標題。故選D。三、閱讀還原Haveyoueverthoughtabouthowastronautswashtheirclotheswithoutgravity(重力)?It’snoteasy.Here,I’dliketotellyouthereasonswhyitishardtowashclothesinspace.Weknownormalwashingmachinesneedgravitytowork,butthereisnogravityinspace.Besides,washingmachinesusuallyneedalotofwater.1SoastronautslivingaboardtheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)needtotakemanyclothes.AccordingtoNewsweek,threeastronautslivingontheISSforayearneed657.7kgofclothing.2That’sasheavyastwocars!So,washingtheseheavyclothesinspaceistoohardandthere’snowashingmachineontheISSnow.3Russianscientistsaremakingaspecialwashingmachineforastronautstouseinspace.Ifscientistsmakethiswashingmachine,itwillmakeastronauts’livesmucheasier.4Itdoesn’tneedwater.Instead(相反),itcollectscarbondioxide(二氧化碳)fromtheairthattheastronautsbreatheout.5Atlast,theliquidcanhelpcleanclothes.Inthefuture,there’snoneedforastronautstotakesomanyclotheswiththemtothespacestation.根據(jù)材料內容,選擇恰當?shù)木渥犹钊胛闹锌杖碧?,使短文意思通順、內容完整。A.However,thismaynotbeaprobleminthefuture.B.Becausethiswashingmachineisdifferentfromtheoneweuse.C.Thisamountofwaterissoheavythatthespaceshipcan’tcarry.D.Then,ituseshighpressure(壓)toturncarbondioxideintoaliquid(液體).E.Sixpeopletakingatwo-yeartriptoMarswouldneed2,722kgofclothes.【答案】1.C2.E3.A4.B5.D【導語】本文介紹了俄羅斯科學家正在制造一種宇航員在太空中使用的特殊洗衣機,這將使宇航員的生活更加輕松。1.根據(jù)“Besides,washingmachinesusuallyneedalotofwater.”可知,說的是洗衣機需要大量的水,選項C“這些水太重了,以至于宇宙飛船無法攜帶?!狈险Z境。故選C。2.根據(jù)“AccordingtoNewsweek,threeastronautslivingontheISSforayearneed657.7kgofclothing”可知,說的是宇航員在國際空間站生活一年需要的衣服,選項E“六個人去火星旅行兩年需要2722公斤衣服?!狈险Z境。故選E。3.根據(jù)“So,washingtheseheavyclothesinspaceistoohardandthere’snowashingmachineontheISSnow.”可知,說的是在太空中洗衣服很困難,選項A“不過,這在未來可能不是問題?!狈险Z境。故選A。4.根據(jù)“washingmachinesusuallyneedalotofwater.”及“Itdoesn’tneedwater.”可知,說的是這臺洗衣機和以往的洗衣機不同,選項B“因為這臺洗衣機和我們用的不一樣?!狈险Z境。故選B。5.根據(jù)“Instead(相反),itcollectscarbondioxide(二氧化碳)fromtheairthattheastronautsbreatheout.”可知,說的是太空洗衣機如何工作,選項D“然后,它利用高壓將二氧化碳變成液體?!狈险Z境。故選D。四、任務型閱讀DoyourememberthelasttwoscienceclassesfromtheTiangongspacestation?ChineseastronautsdidmanyfunexperimentsintheTianhecoremodule(核心艙).(A)__________Oct12,threeastronautsoftheShenzhouXIVmission—ChenDong,LiuYangandCaiXuzhe—gaveathirdspaceclass.Thistime,theymovedtoanewclassroom—theWentianlabmodule(實驗艙)!Whatdidtheastronautsteach?Let’stakealook.StanduptosleepThebeds

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